Key Historical Vocabulary Skara Brae, Scotland Meet the Flintstones Stone Age A time when humans made and used stone tools. Neolithic A time during the Stone Age when Prehistoric Timeline people made useful tools, learning to grow crops, tame animals, settle in 13, 000 Cave paintings. villages, make pottery and weave BC cloth and baskets. Bronze Age A time in early human history when 6, 000 BC Britain became an island as the Ice Age people first began to make and use ended and sea levels rose. tools made of bronze. 4, 500 – People in Britain began to farm and use Iron Age After the Bronze Age, people began 3,500 BC pottery. to make and use tools made out of iron. 4,000 – People began to domesticate and ride evolution The theory that all living things which 3,000 BC horses. exist today developed from earlier types. These changes happened over many years. 2, 500 BC People begin to use metals (copper, Skara Brae is a prehistoric village which was built bronze and gold). (Bronze between 3000 – 25000 BC (Neolithic period). prehistoric The time before history began to be Age) It was excavated by archaeologists after a storm recorded or written down. Heidelbergnesis The name given to human fossil remains 1, 800 BC First mines were dug. uncovered it in 1850. which are older than Neanderthals. The site is important because it allows us to Neanderthal An ancient human who lived 30,000 to 1, 200 – Many metal objects created. understand how people lived during that time. 200,000 years ago. 800 BC Artefacts from the site include pottery, jewellery Homo sapiens Means “wise man” in Latin. 800 – 700 First hill forts built and people began to and tools It is the scientific name for the human BC (Iron live in roundhouses. species. Age) BC (Before Christ) Refers to a date which comes before Jesus was born in 1 AD. 700 – 500 Iron used more commonly AD (Anno Domini) Means “In the year of Our Lord” in Latin. BC Refers to a date which is after Jesus was 100 BC First coins used. born in 1 AD. archaeology The study of things that people made, 43 AD Romans invade Britain – end of the Iron used and left behind to understand how Age. people lived in the past. Stone Age Inventions excavation To uncover something by digging.

 Creating fire artefact An object made by humans which is  Making sharp wooden and stone tools later recovered by archaeologists.  Taming horses to ride them  Farming  Wheels  Pottery  Using metal  Trading with each other  Building houses