Three Coronation Orders

HENRY BRADS HAW SOCIETY Sôunbeb in tê êar of Our &orb 1890 for t^c ebtfin^ of (Hare Etturîcaf Cejtc. Vol. XIX. ISSUED TO MEMBERS EOR THE YEAR 1900, PRINTED FOR THE SOCIETY ILVRRISON AND SONS, ST. MARTIN'S LANE, PKINTIiKS IN OKUINARY TO IlKK MAJIiSTY. THREE CORONATION ORDERS EDITED BY J. WICKHAM LEGG, w Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians ami of the Society of Antiqttaries of London. Sionôn. 1900. L4- TABLE OF CONTENTS. PAGE Preface ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... vii Comparative Table of some later English Coronation Orders ... xii-xiii I. Introduction to the Coronation Order of King William and Queen Mary ... ... ... ... ... .. xv II. Introduction to the Anglo-French Version of the English Corona- tion Order ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... xxxi III. Introduction to the Consecration of the Anglo-Saxon King xx.wiii Coronation OF King William and Queen Mary 3 Anglo-French Version of the English Coronation Order... 39 Consecration of the Anglo-Saxon King 53 APPENDICES. I. Coronation Oath of James II 65 II. Extracts from William III.'s Council Register ... ... ... 67 III. Sancroft's commission to consecrate bishops ... ... ... "j}) IV. Extract from Parliament Rolls of William and Mary 75 V. Lord Chamberlain's Warrants for the Coronation of William and Mary ... ... 76 VI. E.xtract from Lord Chamberlain's Accounts, William and Mary 78 VI I. Extracts from Declared Accounts from Queen Anne to George III. 88 VIII. Ceremonial of the Coronation of King William and Queen Mary gi IX. Procession before the Coronation of King William and Queen Mary 113 X. Coronation of the Queen Consort ... ... ... ... ... 117 XI. Anglo-French document on the Coronation ... ... ... 121 NOTES. Notes on the Coronation Order of King William and Queen Mary ... 129 Notes on the Anglo-French Version of the English Coronation Order ... 160 Notes on the Consecration of the Anglo-Saxon King 163 INDEX 177 614049 LIST OF PLATES. I. The English Coronation ; from MS. 20. at Corpus Christi College Cambridge. Slightly reduced in size. II. Facsimile of the writing of MS. 20. Corpus Christi College, Cambridge. III. Facsimile of one page of MS. 44. Corpus Christi College, Cambridge. Reduced to about two-thirds of the original in size. PREFACE. When the Henry Bradshaw Society was founded in 1S90, it was thought that the coronation and consecration of our English sovereigns, an act so important, as Abbe Duchesne points out, ^ from the civil, as well as from the religious, point of view, might well be illustrated by the new Society ; and a series of the English Coronation Orders was spoken of. Beyond a haphazard assignation of services to individual sovereigns, very little seemed to have been done in the way of classification, or of investigation into the liturgical principles on which these services are constructed." An elementary division of these orders may be made something in the following manner. First the English Coronation Orders may be divided into two classes, those in English and those in Latin, and these correspond with prae-Reformation and post-Reformation times. Then the Latin or prae-Reformation orders may be divided into four three groups or recensions ; the former or post-Reformation into groups or recensions. Of the four'' Latin recensions, the first is that in Egbert's Pontifical,^ which is already easily accessible : not only in the modern edition of the Pontifical itself, but in Martcne, who has edited the order in his great collection."' Further it is to be ' L. Duchesne, Orhîncs du Ciil/e chn'fieii, Paris, 18S9. preface, p. vi. - Many of the editions of the later coronation services have been brought out by .heralds; and by them, as indeed is only natural, more attention was paid to the ceremonial, than to the ritual, parts of the coronation. ^ I have given a comparative table of the four recensions on p. 1437. of the third fasciculus of the Westminster Missal, distributed to members of this Society in 1897. • Poutifical of Egbert Archbishop of York A.D. 732-766. Surtces Society, 1853. p. 100. '' Edm. Martene, Dc antiqiiis ccclesiac ritibus, Lib. ii. Cap. x. Ordo i. (Antv. 1736, t. ii. col. 596.) viii PREFACE. found in Mr. Maskell's work ;' and a part of it has also appeared in Mr. Warren's edition of the Lcofrlc Missalr Thus a new- edition of this order was plainly unnecessary. The second Latin recension is that called without much authority the coronation order of /Ethelred II. It is easily accessible in the editions of Seldcn,'' and Mr. Arthur Taylor/ somewhat imperfect, and of Dr. Henderson."' A variety of this recension contained in MS. 44 at Corpus Christi College, Cambridge, with notes of the variations from other manuscripts, is now printed in this volume. The very considerable differences in the text of the prayers, and the additions to the order, made it worth while to edit this variet}^ which, to my knowledge, had hitherto not been brought out. The third Latin recension is that attributed to Henry I. on grounds as slight as those on which the second recension has been attributed to .Ethelred II. It has been edited by Dr. Henderson in the York pontifical brought out by him,'' and is thus easily accessible. It is closely allied to the fourth recension, of which it may be considered a forerunner. Another edition thus seemed unnecessary. The fourth Latin recension is contained in the book known as Liber Rcgalis, of which there are several coi:>ies in manuscript, but the most important is that in the custody of the Dean of Westminster. The copies of Liber regalis differ in the rubrics ; there are three recensions of the rubrics. A short recension, possibly earlier than the others, is printed in the notes to the edition of Liber regalis, distributed to members in 1893 as part of the second fasciculus of the Westminster Missal, the text of ' \V. Maskell, Moiiiiiiuiita Ritiialia EaUsiae .h/^'/nantJir, Oxford, 1SS2. \ol. ii. p. 77- -' I"". K. Warren, I. cofric Missal, Oxford, i88j. \x 230. •' John Stldcn, 'J'itles of Honor, I'art I. ch. viii. in the third volume of Worist London, 1726. •• Arthur Taylor, iilory of Rctâlity, London, 1820. Aj>p. to Hook iv. No. 2. p. 395. ' l.ihcr fontificalis Chi: Rainbridiî- Anhiep. Ehor. edited by Dr. W. CJ. Henderson, Surlees Society, 1S75. p. 270. See p. 267 for n classification of the orders. " \V. (J. Henderson, op. (.it. p. 21.1. PREFACE. ix which contains the rubrics in their longer recension. Both the longer and shorter recension of rubrics were thus placed before rubrics, which I have members ; but a third recension of the hitherto found only in one manuscript, that in the Cambridge University Library (Mm. 3. 21. fo. 196.) which Mr. Henry Bradshaw considered to be a Lincoln Pontifical, had been edited by Mr. \V. ]\Iaskell in his Mominicnt.i Ritualia, and was thus probably already known to many of our members, so that further printing of it might be considered superfluous. The present volume contains an edition of an Anglo-French version of Liber Regalis in its shorter recension. Of this text a fragment, discovered at Westminster, was printed a few years ago, and I do not know of any other edition or manuscript. With the last Latin recension we pass into the first of the English, Liber regalis having been translated into English for the coronation of James L This, the first of the English or post-Reformation recensions, was used at the coronation of James L, Charles L, and Charles II. It was almost unknown to students until the order of Charles I.' was edited from unpublished manuscripts by I\Ir. Christopher Wordsworth, and distributed to members of the Society for the year 1892. The second English recension is represented by a single order, that of James II., sumptuously edited by Sandford, and thus easily accessible.- A blemish in this edition is that only the ^ There is the order of James I. printed by Prynne in a confused manner. (Signal Loyal/y, Sec, London, 1660. Part ii. p. 263.) - P'rancis Sandford, History of the Coronation of . King James II. in the Savoy, 1687. It is almost a matter for regret that Sandford should have edited the coronation of James II. with such magnificence. It has caused the coronation of James II. to be taken as the type of F.nglish coronations, whereas it really stands by itself, unlike what went before it and unlike what came after it. Mr. Arthur Taylor's book on Coronations {Glory of Regality, Pondon, 1820. ) is still the best that we have, and still looked upon by some of our first historical scholars as authoritative ; but it is doubtless owing to the influence of Sandford that on p. 189. Taylor tells us that Tc invocamits still follows Vevi Creator, and that the oil is still blessed by a preface beginning Surstitn corda. At Hanover at the time of the coronation of George II. a tract, which is a version into German almost word for word of Sandford, appeared with this title : Vollstiindige Beschreibung der Cereinonien, ivelche soivohl bey den Englischen Croniingen iiberhaitpt vorgehen, besonders aber bey aem Hochst-begliickten X PREFACE. first words of the liturgical forms arc given, a defect which I have tried to remedy in this volume by giving the liturgical forms of James II. in full in the notes to the coronation order of William and Mary. The third I'2ngiish recension is that now in use, and it was jjrepared for the coronation of William and Mar\'. With some few verbal alterations which have not, however, affected the structure of the service, it has been used at the coronation of all English sovereigns from William and Mary to Victoria inclusive.

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