Victoria's Project Prioritisation Submission to Infrastructure Australia

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Victoria's Project Prioritisation Submission to Infrastructure Australia 2008 VICTORIA’S PROJECT PRIORITISATION SUBMISSION TO INFRASTRUCTURE AUSTRALIA Published by State of Victoria www.vic.gov.au © State Government of Victoria 31 October 2008 Authorised by the Victorian Government, Melbourne. Printed by Impact Digital, Units 3-4 306 Albert Street, Brunswick VIC 3056. This publication is copyright. No part may be reproduced by any process except in accordance with the Provisions of the Copyright Act 1968 2 CONTENTS 1. Introduction 2 2. Victoria Supports the Commonwealth’s Five Key 4 Platforms for Productivity Growth 3. Victoria’s Leading Role in the National Economy 6 4. Transport Challenge Facing Victoria 8 5. Victoria’s Record in Regulatory and Investment Reform 12 6. Victoria’s Strategic Priority Project Packages 14 7. Linkages Table 28 8. Indicative Construction Sequencing 30 Victoria’s Project Prioritisation Submission to Infrastructure Australia 1 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 AUDIT SUBMISSION These projects will help build Victoria lodged its submission to the National Infrastructure Audit with Infrastructure a stronger, more resilient, and Australia (IA) on 30 June 2008. The Audit Submission provided a strategic overview of sustainable national economy, Victoria’s infrastructure needs in the areas of land transport, water, sea ports, airports, energy and telecommunications. It detailed the key infrastructure bottlenecks and able to capture new trade constraints that need to be addressed to optimise Victoria’s and Australia’s future opportunities and reduce productivity growth. greenhouse gas emissions. Following the lodgement of Victoria’s submission, IA wrote to all States and Territories requesting further input on ‘Problem and Solution Assessment.’ In response to this request, the Victorian Government gave IA offi cials a detailed briefi ng and background paper in September 2008. This included a site visit by the Infrastructure Coordinator, IA, to the Green Triangle Region – one of Victoria’s regions experiencing unprecedented freight growth in new export commodity industries. 1.2 THE CURRENT SUBMISSION IA has sought further information from States and Territories to enable IA to prioritise projects for the National Infrastructure Priority List. Victoria’s Audit submission illustrated that the most urgent priority for infrastructure investment lay in the transport sector. This need is refl ected in the priority projects provided in this submission. Victoria has immediate, medium- and long-term priority projects eligible for funding via the Building Australia Fund. This pipeline aligns with the strategic priorities of IA and the Victorian Transport Plan. It is based on maximising the use of the State’s transport assets through ongoing regulatory reform, operational effi ciencies, innovation, pricing initiatives and demand management. This sequence of projects will enable Victoria’s transport system to be strengthened in line with economic and population growth to 2020 and beyond. These projects will help build a stronger, more resilient, and sustainable national economy, able to capture new trade opportunities and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. These projects will do this by: • managing urban congestion in Melbourne, Australia’s second largest city, and around the Port of Melbourne, Australia’s biggest container port; • building national economic capacity in industries that are Victoria’s competitive strengths; • improving the performance of Australia’s open supply chains on the eastern seaboard; • increasing the capacity and competitiveness of the eastern seaboard network of container ports; 2 • enhancing Australia’s trade performance by capturing new export opportunities for commodity industries; • fostering economic clusters in Melbourne and regional cities that are logistics hubs, knowledge and innovation precincts and new centres of employment; and • facilitating national micro-economic reform and business deregulation. These projects will be delivered as fi ve key packages: 1. Melbourne Metro Package – the planned transition over the immediate, medium and long term of Melbourne’s rail system to a metro-style transit system, with progressive enhancements to the effi ciency and resilience of Melbourne’s train services, particularly in the rail corridors that support the city’s western, northern and south-eastern suburbs. 2. West Gate Alternative and Truck Action Plan Package – the provision of new and improved roads infrastructure to support our critical cross-town and freight routes. 3. National Ports and Rail Connection Package – a long-term plan to manage the growth in Victoria’s freight task, improving the effi ciency and sustainability of our supply chains while protecting the amenity and liveability of our cities and towns, particularly in Melbourne’s inner western suburbs. 4. Regional Development Package – a plan to enhance public transport in regional Victoria and to build targeted infrastructure to support regional freight, industrial growth and new jobs. 5. Melbourne Orbital Package – a staged plan to complete Melbourne’s orbital network (fi lling in the missing links in the city’s north-east and south-east), and to improve connections between industrial precincts and national freight corridors. The rate at which some projects can be delivered will depend on the level of Commonwealth infrastructure funding. Victoria has therefore developed a logical sequencing of projects, which will be updated as part of the annual infrastructure audit reviews proposed by IA. Victoria’s Project Prioritisation Submission to Infrastructure Australia 3 2. VICTORIA SUPPORTS THE COMMONWEALTH’S FIVE KEY PLATFORMS FOR PRODUCTIVITY GROWTH The Prime Minister has committed the Commonwealth Government to enhancing The Victorian Government national productivity growth and Australia’s long-term prosperity by investing in fi ve key has long recognised platforms – education, infrastructure, innovation, business deregulation and taxation reform. the need to improve the Victoria welcomes the Commonwealth Government’s leadership in this nation-building productive capacity of the agenda. Victoria’s key policy frameworks align with these priorities. Australian economy. For example, since 2002, Victoria has developed comprehensive policy strategies for: • improving economic development (Victoria: Leading The Way); • enhancing workforce skills and participation (Securing Jobs for Your Future – Skills for Victoria); • agricultural investment (Future Farming); • regional development (Moving Forward); • promoting innovation (Innovation: Victoria’s Future); and • integrated land use and transport planning (Melbourne 2030). The Victorian Transport Plan – and Victoria’s IA priority projects – will build on this approach, by delivering strategic enhancements to the transport network that will drive productivity and strengthen national supply chains. 2.1 THE NATIONAL REFORM AGENDA The Victorian Government has long recognised the need to improve the productive capacity of the Australian economy. In 2005, Victoria developed the National Reform Agenda (NRA) to direct attention to the key areas for Government investment and reform to improve productivity and workforce participation. The central focus of the NRA was recognising that building the competitiveness of our businesses, as well as a new focus on building our human capital, is critical to strengthening the Australian economy. Key planks of the initiative included: • further developing the competitiveness of Australian business – including building world-class economic infrastructure – to help our businesses participate and succeed in a global economy; • removing disincentives and barriers to labour force participation; and • providing effi cient use of our infrastructure, which is critical to sustaining our competitive position in the global economy. Through the Council of Australian Governments (COAG), all Australian Governments have committed to progress the reform work program to increase productivity, address infl ationary pressures and deliver better outcomes to the Australian community. Infrastructure investment is critical to achieving these reforms and developing the capacity and ability of Australian businesses to compete in a global environment. 4 Victoria has led the COAG For instance, better transport connections will enable greater mobility and access to services, while fi t-for-purpose infrastructure can help reduce the cost of doing business, and thus improve agenda on a new wave of business competitiveness. In addition, infrastructure investment can support employment productivity and social markets by providing a pipeline of projects that utilise and develop the Australian workforce. capital reforms. This document is a continuation of these reforms, and further underlines Victoria’s emphasis upon the importance of national productivity improvements. The proposals in this submission underscore Victoria’s commitment to that reform, and the Victorian Government commends the independent process the Commonwealth has established with IA for the preparation of the Infrastructure Priority List. As noted above, Victoria considers itself to be a leader in the national arena on productivity reform, and looks forward to progressing this important issue. 2.2 REGULATORY REFORM – TRANSPORT In the transport sector, regulatory and pricing reform are key factors in unlocking increased productive capacity in infrastructure networks. Victoria has a strong record in implementing national regulatory reform packages. For example, 99% of the state’s arterial road network
Recommended publications
  • Submission Cover Sheets
    Submission Cover Sheet North East Link Project EES IAC 402 Request to be heard?: No, but please email me th Full Name: Phil Turner Organisation: Maroondah City Council Affected property: Attachment 1: Maroondah_Coun Attachment 2: Maroondah_Coun Attachment 3: Comments: To the North East Link Inquiry & Advisory Committee (IAC) Maroondah Council provides the following submission to the IAC, in relation to the EES for the North East Link project. While Council formally supports the objectives of the NEL project, I advise that the support of Maroondah Council has been conditional on appropriate traffic considerations being made with regard to the impact of the project on the Eastlink tunnels, the Ringwood Bypass and by extension the Ringwood Metropolitan Activity Centre. Council previously commissioned a review by O’Brien Traffic that considered the project in the context of the tunnels and impacts on Ringwood, and it was determined that without ancillary works to take traffic pressure off the Eastlink tunnels and the Ringwood Bypass, the project would potentially fail and have a major detrimental impact on the viability of the Ringwood Metropolitan Activity Centre. The O’Brien Traffic report attached to this submission details the basis for those concerns. Council’s concerns were previously forwarded to NELA and Council officers have met with NELA officers on these matters, however, to date Council has not received an appropriate response that addresses these concerns, including within the ESS. In support of this submission, the following documents have also been uploaded: o A submission letter signed by Council’s Mayor Rob Steane documenting the history of Council’s dealings regarding NEL, and outlining Council’s concerns current with the project; o Council Report September 2018; o O’Brien Traffic Review dated 12 September 2017; o Council letter to NELA (26 February 2018) and NELA response (14 March 2018); o Correspondence from Council on Bypass concerns (including technical reports); and o Minutes from MCC / NELA meetings 6 April 2018 and 30 April 2018.
    [Show full text]
  • The Victorian Transport Plan and Melbourne's Population Boom
    N e w s Public Transport Users Association www.ptua.org.au ISSN 0817–0347 Volume 33 No. 5 December 2009 The Victorian Transport Plan and Melbourne's Population Boom It has taken barely two years for one of the biggest shifts in trains, and not a broader vision to make our transport sus- the Victorian public transport debate to occur. tainable. Sure enough, much of our population growth is to As recently as 2007, the State government was shoring up be accommodated in new suburbs on Melbourne’s fringe, ar- its opposition to public transport expansion with a do-little eas which the VTP says are to be provided with new motor- plan—Meeting Our Transport Challenges—that was chiefly ways on the one hand, and hourly bus services on the other. about hosing down expectations of major public transport Clearly, ongoing car dependence for the vast majority of Mel- improvements. The attitude of the government was most burnians is “all part of the plan”: not just today but also in clearly expressed by Director of Public Transport Jim Betts 2030, and indeed in 2100 if the laws of physics permit. in a widely-reported statement in October 2005, that there The good news, however, is that desire for better public trans- was no intention to build any new urban rail lines in the next port, and awareness of the need to change old habits, is not decade. So, while the ‘MOTC’ plan released in 2006 did restricted to peak-hour commuters. This attitude shift has promise new orbital bus routes and some catch-up work on not yet bitten the government, which has yet to sustain polit- the existing rail system, there were few actual additions to ical damage on this wider front, thanks to its ability to hold public transport services.
    [Show full text]
  • Supplement to Austroads Guide to Traffic Management Part 10: Traffic Control and Communication Devices (2009)
    Supplement to Austroads Guide to Traffic Management Part 10: Traffic Control and Communication Devices (2009) OCTOBER 2015 vicroads.vic.gov.au VicRoads Guide to Traffic Management 1 Part 2A: Transition Reference Guide Edition 1, October 2015 Table of Contents 1. Introduction ............................................................................................................... 4 1.1 General .............................................................................................................. 4 1.2 How to Use this Supplement .............................................................................. 4 2. Classification of Supplement Information ............................................................. 5 3. Details of Changes .................................................................................................... 7 Section 1.2 – Traffic Control Devices – Definitions and Functions ............................... 7 Section 2.3.2 – Considerations for Aged Road Users and People with Disabilities ...... 7 Section 3.2 – Principles for Preparation of Schemes ................................................... 9 Section 3.5.1 – General ............................................................................................ 16 Section 4.1 – Development of New Signs ................................................................. 16 Section 4.2.1 – Regulatory Signs .............................................................................. 16 Section 4.3.6 – Letter Types and Spacing ................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • The End of Affordable Housing in Melbourne?
    THE END OF AFFORDABLE HOUSING IN MELBOURNE? Bob Birrell, Ernest Healy, Virginia Rapson and T. Fred Smith Centre for Population and Urban Research Monash University June 2012 TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive Summary ............................................................................................. vi Chapter One: Melbourne’s development challenges ............................................. 1 Planning for Melbourne 2002 to 2030 .................................................................... 1 Melbourne’s development after 2002: the reality ............................................................ 2 Dwelling price movements in Melbourne ........................................................................ 4 Melbourne loses its comparative advantage in dwelling prices .......................................... 7 Chapter Two: The response to the crisis in the supply of affordable housing ......... 9 Making the compact city work ...................................................................................... 10 Governance .................................................................................................................. 10 Expanding the coverage of activity centres .................................................................... 11 Opening up the development frontier ........................................................................... 13 Chapter Three: The outcome of activity centre intensification ........................... 15 North of the Yarra .......................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Integrated Transport Planning
    Integrated Transport Planning Transport Integrated | August 2021 August Integrated Transport Planning August 2021 Independent assurance report to Parliament 2021–22: 01 Level 31, 35 Collins Street, Melbourne Vic 3000, AUSTRALIA 2021–22: T 03 8601 7000 E [email protected] 01 www.audit.vic.gov.au This report is printed on Monza Recycled paper. Monza Recycled is certified Carbon Neutral by The Carbon Reduction Institute (CRI) in accordance with the global Greenhouse Gas Protocol and ISO 14040 framework. The Lifecycle Analysis for Monza Recycled is cradle to grave including Scopes 1, 2 and 3. It has FSC Mix Certification combined with 99% recycled content. ISBN 9781921060151 Integrated Transport Planning Independent assurance report to Parliament Ordered to be published VICTORIAN GOVERNMENT PRINTER August 2021 PP no 248, Session 2018–21 The Hon Nazih Elasmar MLC The Hon Colin Brooks MP President Speaker Legislative Council Legislative Assembly Parliament House Parliament House Melbourne Melbourne Dear Presiding Officers Under the provisions of the Audit Act 1994, I transmit my report Integrated Transport Planning. Yours faithfully Dave Barry Acting Auditor-General 4 August 2021 The Victorian Auditor-General’s Office acknowledges Australian Aboriginal peoples as the traditional custodians of the land throughout Victoria. We pay our respect to all Aboriginal communities, their continuing culture and to Elders past, present and emerging. Integrated Transport Planning | Victorian Auditor-General´s Report Contents Audit snapshot .......................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • LMA Annual Report 2011-12
    Published by Linking Melbourne Authority Building 1 Level 1 Brandon Business Park 540 Springvale Road Glen Waverley Victoria 3150 August 2012 Also published on www.linkingmelbourne.vic.gov.au © State of Victoria 2012 This publication is copyright. No part may be reproduced by any process except in accordance with provisions of the Copyright Act. Authorised by the Victorian Government 121 Exhibition Street Melbourne Victoria 3000 Printed on Australian made, carbon neutral, recycled paper using waterless printing. CONTENTS Acting Chairman’s report ....................................4 CEO’s report.........................................................5 Linking Melbourne, linking communities...........6 Governance ..........................................................7 Our Board.......................................................7 Our people .....................................................8 Peninsula Link ....................................................9 Completing Melbourne’s missing link ..........9 Project benefits..............................................9 Project cost ....................................................9 Peninsula Link features ................................9 Project objectives.........................................10 Delivering Peninsula Link ...........................10 Property .......................................................10 Construction ................................................11 Environment.................................................12 Social............................................................12
    [Show full text]
  • West Gate Tunnel Project GTA Review
    21 August 2017 Title West Gate Tunnel Project Transport Expert Evidence #1John Kiriakidis – 22 August 2017 GTA Review (GTA Section 1.3) 1. Consider project’s strategic transport alignment with planning policy. 2. A peer review of analytics contained in the Transport Impact Assessment (TIAR) relied on to inform the EES in support of the Project. 3. Adoption of transport modelling forecasts prepared by VLC. #2 1 21 August 2017 GTA Strategic Alignment Methodology 1. Validate the transport challenges identified in the EES (and Business Case) which form the basis of need for the project by identifying their pre-existence in established policies and studies. 2. Review strategic planning policies to determine the extent of alignment with established policy and planning for Greater Melbourne, 3. Examine the EES as it relates to transport by exploring the project’s consistency with objectives set out in the Transport Integration Act (2010). #3 EES Project Scoping Objective EES Scoping Requirement (for Transport): • ‘To increase transport capacity and improve connectivity to and from the west of Melbourne, and, in particular, increase freight movement via the freeway network instead of local and arterial roads, while adequately managing the effects of the project on the broader and local road network, public transport, cycling and pedestrian transport networks’. • Key themes within the Objective: – Transport capacity – Improving connectivity (with emphasis on areas West of Melbourne) – Moving freight via a higher order road system – Adequately managing effects on public transport and active travel #4 2 21 August 2017 High Level Project Plan #5 Legislation / Policy Framework • The Transport Integration Act 2010 came into effect on 1 July 2010 and is Victoria's principal transport statute.
    [Show full text]
  • The West Gate Bridge and Pat Preston
    The West Gate Bridge and Pat Preston The West Gate Bridge is one of Melbourne’s most instantly recognised landmarks. Used by more than 140,000 vehicles per day and high enough for shipping to enter the Port of Melbourne, it spans the Yarra River, close to where its mouth empties into Port Phillip Bay. The West Gate Bridge is over 2.5 kilometres in length, with a main river span of 336 metres. It has four traffic lanes plus a breakdown lane in each direction. It has a navigational clearance to low water of 53.7 metres and its two towers stand 102 metres high. Built at a cost of $202 million, construction work commenced on 22 April 1968 and was eventually completed on 15 November 1978. But a terrible event occurred during its construction; one that has permanently linked the name West Gate Bridge to Australia’s single worst ever workplace catastrophe. At 11.50 am on 15 October 1970, the bridge’s 112 metre span 10-11 collapsed during construction, killing 35 workers, injuring many more and changing countless lives forever. One of the survivors was Pat Preston, who was a couple of metres from the hoist cage (shown in the right foreground of the photo below) when the collapse occurred. The West Gate Bridge and Pat Preston Page 1 of 8 15 October 2003 Pat is well known throughout Victoria’s construction industry as the Manager of the CFMEU’s OHS & Environmental Unit, and he is widely respected for his passion, untiring work and achievements in the cause of construction safety.
    [Show full text]
  • North East Link Melways Map April 2019
    d Cal Donnybr der Fwy ook R d enty R Pl d m R E y p w p H eha i n a L g b a l R n e d c Mickl e M Ridd f i e l le d R d R d Pascoe Vale Rd Yan Yean Rd Plenty Rd Craigieburn R d d t-Coimadai R s Res Gisbourne-Mel Hume Hwy Digger Sydney Rd d ean R t Some Melbourne on R rton R d an Y Y A new traffic light free connection for the Ring Road, Airport d 1 EPPING Hume Fwy Greensborough Bypass, Greensborough Road Dalton Rd M80 Ring Road Ryans Rd Tul lamarine Fwy d Melbourne Airport enty R Metrpolitan Ring Rd Pl Maroondah Hwy and North East Link. Camp Rd Melton Hwy Cal Camp Rd der Fwy S BUNDOORA ELTHAM y W oad dne es SYDENHAM t ern Fwy y R GLENROY d RESERVOIR tern Ring R Greensborough Road rebuilt on both sides of North East pass Essendon 2 1 es Airport gh By W ou W Murr bor ay Rd oad Bell St High St Greens Link for local, toll-free trips. R attle Main Rd d CityLink Settlement Rd k d ROSANNA e R ST ALBANS Buckl Mahoneys Rd ey St d e R r ation R St ges t T d S ena r Brunswick R St Geor ee d Through traffic on North East Link and Greensborough n mond C 3 o ia Hopkins R SUNSHINE t Hel R DONCASTER s D Eastern Fwy p St d BALWYN Eastern Fwy Road under Grimshaw Street to keep traffic flowing and 2 m e RINGWOOD FOOTSCRAY oondah Hwy Bal KEW K Mar lan R BOX HILL d St Helena Rd CBD y Rd RICHMOND erbur cut congestion in all directions.
    [Show full text]
  • Bus Service Reform in Melbourne – the Last 5 Years Peter Parker
    Institute of Transport Studies, Monash University World Transit Research World Transit Research 9-1-2011 Bus service reform in Melbourne – the last 5 years Peter Parker Follow this and additional works at: http://www.worldtransitresearch.info/research Recommended Citation Parker, P. (2011). Bus service reform in Melbourne - the last 5 years. Conference paper delivered at the 34th Australasian Transport Research Forum (ATRF) Proceedings held on 28 - 30 September 2011 in Adelaide, Australia. This Conference Paper is brought to you for free and open access by World Transit Research. It has been accepted for inclusion in World Transit Research by an authorized administrator of World Transit Research. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Australasian Transport Research Forum 2011 28 – 30 September 2011, Adelaide, Australia Publications website: www.patrec.org/atrf.aspx Bus service reform in Melbourne – the last 5 years Peter Parker1 1 Metlink Melbourne, Level 8, 575 Bourke Street, Melbourne, 3000 Email for correspondence: [email protected] Abstract After fifteen years of little change, Melbourne’s bus services have altered significantly in the last five years. Underpinned by policy that supports greater public transport use, reform was driven by three major government programs; SmartBus, minimum standards upgrades and local area service reviews. This paper briefly compares the distribution of each service initiative. Minimum standards upgrades were most widespread, benefiting many middle and outer suburbs. Middle suburbs gained most from SmartBus, especially the City of Manningham where it operates on city as well as orbital routes. And the service reviews were most influential in fringe areas to the west, north and south east.
    [Show full text]
  • Green Wedges Coalition - a Vision for Melbourne October, 2009 Joint Coordinator: Rosemary West Phone: 9772 7124 [email protected] 14 Dudley Grove, Edithvale 3196
    Green Wedges Coalition - a vision for Melbourne October, 2009 Joint Coordinator: Rosemary West Phone: 9772 7124 [email protected] 14 Dudley Grove, Edithvale 3196 SUBMISSION TO LEGISLATIVE COUNCIL OUTER SUBURBAN/INTERFACE SERVICES AND DEVELOPMENT SELECT COMMITTEE INQUIRY INT0 THE IMPACT OF STATE GOVERNMENT’S DECISION TO CHANGE THE URBAN GROWTH BOUNDARY Terms of reference: The Committee has been asked to investigate the State Government’s decision to change the Urban Growth Boundary, and in particular: The impact of the State Government’s decision to change the urban growth boundary on landholders and the environment and plans announced by the Government to introduce an increased development contribution for land in designated growth areas, including — (a) the likely quantum of the collections by Government; (b) mechanisms to ensure the contributions are directed only to the intended purposes; (c) the likely impact on the housing and development industries; (d) any unintended consequences including the impact on all landholders and purchasers to be impacted; (e) any displacement or replacement of Government spending likely to result from the increased collections; and (f) any alternative options, including any used in other jurisdictions; 1. Background: Green Wedges and the role of the Green Wedges Coalition The 1968-71 metropolitan planning process officially established nine Green Wedges as non-urban zones between Melbourne's main urban development corridors. It outlined acceptable non-urban uses, including recreation, flora and fauna conservation. landscape protection, resource utilization and farming. The protection of public land and of public open space is integral to the first two of these uses, but not necessarily to the others.
    [Show full text]
  • West Gate Bridge Strengthening Project 1. Introduction
    West Gate Bridge Strengthening Project 1. Introduction From the time of its opening in 1978 the West Gate Bridge has been a critical element in the road network of Melbourne. It provides the only major crossing of the lower section of the Yarra River that connects the Melbourne CBD, the Port of Melbourne and the eastern suburbs with the rapidly developing western suburbs, the regional city of Geelong and the popular tourist destinations along the western coast. In 2006 the State Government of Victoria announced a major project to carry out essential strengthening of the bridge to ensure the long term sustainability of the structure and ensure that it continued to safely cater for the current and future demands of both commuter and freight traffic in compliance with modern day bridge loading and design standards. The strengthening project was to be planned to be carried out over a 10 year period consistent with the approach adopted for the strengthening of similar bridges elsewhere around the world. At the time the West Gate Bridge carried approximately 160,000 vehicles per day, with nearly 15% of these being commercial vehicles. This volume compares with the 40,000 vehicles per day that used the bridge when it was first opened to traffic in 1978. Furthermore peak period volumes for both eastbound and westbound traffic had been growing at a steady 3-5% over recent years resulting in significant congestion on the bridge and its approaches. Within Melbourne’s road network the M1 corridor forms the main arterial spine connecting residential and industrial areas east and west of the city with the central business district and the Port of Melbourne.
    [Show full text]