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Analisis Komoditas Unggulan Pertanian Dan Penentuan Wilayah Basis Di Kabupaten Langkat

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Analisis Komoditas Unggulan Pertanian Dan Penentuan Wilayah Basis Di Kabupaten Langkat ANALISIS KOMODITAS UNGGULAN PERTANIAN DAN PENENTUAN WILAYAH BASIS DI KABUPATEN LANGKAT TESIS Oleh : NAILUL KHAIRATI 157039009/MAG PROGRAM STUDI MAGISTER AGRIBISNIS FAKULTAS PERTANIAN UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA MEDAN 2019 i UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA ANALISIS KOMODITAS UNGGULAN PERTANIAN DAN PENENTUAN WILAYAH BASIS DI KABUPATEN LANGKAT TESIS Tesis Sebagai Salah Satu Syarat untuk Dapat Memperoleh Gelar Magister Pertanian pada Program Studi Magister Agribisnis Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Sumatera Utara Oleh : NAILUL KHAIRATI 157039009/MAG PROGRAM STUDI MAGISTER AGRIBISNIS FAKULTAS PERTANIAN UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA MEDAN 2019 ii UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA iii UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA Telah diuji dan dinyatakan LULUS di depan Tim Penguji pada Hari Jumat Tanggal 9 Agustus 2018 Tim Penguji: Ketua : Dr. Ir. Rahmanta, M.Si Anggota : 1. Sri Fajar Ayu, SP, MM, DBA 2. Dr. Ir. Satia Negara Lubis, M.Ec 3. Ir. Iskandarini, MM, Ph.D iv UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA LEMBAR PERNYATAAN Dengan ini saya menyatakan bahwa Tesis yang berjudul: ANALISIS KOMODITAS UNGGULAN PERTANIAN DAN PENENTUAN WILAYAH BASIS DI KABUPATEN LANGKAT Adalah benar hasil karya saya sendiri dan belum dipublikasikan oleh siapapun sebelumnya. Sumber-sumber data dan informasi yang digunakan telah dinyatakan secara benar dan jelas. Medan, Januari 2019 Yang membuat pernyataan, Nailul Khairati NIM. 157039009/MAG v UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA Dipersembahkan kepada : Kedua Orang tua, Suami, Anak dan Seluruh Keluarga vi UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA ABSTRAK Nailul Khairati (157039009) dengan judul tesis “Analisis Komoditas Unggulan Pertanian dan Penentuan Wilayah Basis di Kabupaten Langkat”. Penulis tesis ini dibimbing oleh Bapak Dr. Ir. Rshmanta, M.Si sebagai Ketua Komisi Pembimbing dan Ibu Sri Fajar Ayu, SP, MM, DBA sebagai Anngota Komisi Pembimbing. Penentuan komoditas unggulan pada suatu daerah merupakan langkah awal menuju pembangunan pertanian yang berpijak pada konsep efisiensi. Salah satu cara yang dapat ditempuh adalah dengan penentuan komoditas unggulan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganilisis apa saja yang merupakan komoditas unggulan pertanian subsektor tanaman pangan, perkebunan dan hortikultura, untuk menganalisis dimana saja yang merupakan wilayah basis dari Komoditas Unggulan di Kabupaten Langkat. Penelitian ini dilakukan di seluruh Kecamatan di Kabupaten Langkat dan dibatasi pada komoditas tanaman pangan dan hortikultura. Data yang digunakan adalah data sekunder mengenai produksi dan PDRB Kabupaten Langkat tahun 2011-2016. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah Location Quetion(LQ), Model Rasio Pertumbuhan (MRP) dan Overlay. Untuk komoditas yang berbasis lahan seperti tanaman pangan ,perkebunan dan hortikultura dalam penelitian ini perhitungannya didasarkan pada produksi komoditas. Hasil analisis dari metode LQ dan MRP menentukan bahwa komoditas unggulan tanaman pangan berupa ubi jalar, komoditas unggulan perkebunan adalah karet dan komoditas unggulan tanaman hortikultura adalah semangka. Hasil analisis dari overlay yaitu wilayah Basis tanaman pangan adalah kecamatan Kutambaru dan Kecamatan Stabat(4 komoditas), tanaman hortikultura yaitu Kecamatan Besitang (4 Komoditas), dan tanaman perkebunan yaitu Kecamatan Binjai, Tanjung Pura dan Babalan (3 komoditas). Kata Kunci : Location Quetion, Overlay, Wilayah Basis, Komoditas Unggulan i UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA ABSTRACT Nailul Khairati (157039009) with the title, Analysis of Agricultural Leading Commodities and Determination of Base Areas in Langkat Regency, supervised by Mr. Dr. Ir. Rahmanta, M.Si as the Chairperson of the Supervisory Committee and Ms. Sri Fajar Ayu, SP., MM., DBA as the member of the Supervisory Committee. Determination of leading commodities in a region is the first step towards the development of agriculture based on the concept of efficiency. One of the ways is to determine the leading commodities. The purpose of this reasearch is to analyze what are the leading commodities of agriculture subsector of food crops, plantation and horticulture, to analyze wherever which is the base area of the Leading Commodities in Langkat Regency. This research was conducted in all sub- districts in Langkat Regency and limited to food crops and horticulture commodities. The data used are secondary data on production and GDP of Langkat Regency in 2011-2016. The method of this analysis is Location Quetion (LQ), Growth Ratio Model (MRP) and Overlay. For land-based commodities such as food crops, plantation and horticulture in this study the calculations are based on commodity production. The results of the analysis of LQ and MRP method determined that the leading commoditi of food crops is sweet potatoes, plantation crop is rubber and leading commoditi of horticulture crops is watermelon. The result of overlay analysis is the Basis area of food crops are Kutambaru and Stabat sub-districts (4 commodities), horticultural crop is Besitang Subdistrict (4 Commodities), and plantation crops is in Tanjung Pura and Babalan Subdistrict. Keywords: Location Quetion, Overlay, Base Areas, Superior Commodities ii UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA RIWAYAT HIDUP NAILUL KHAIRATI, lahir di Medan pada Tanggal 25 Agustus 1989, sebagai anak pertama dari lima bersaudara, anak dari Ibu Dra. Mujiati dan Bapak Drs. A. Ikhyar Hasibuan. Menikah dengan Fadlan Piliang SE dan memiliki seorang putri bernama Naura Khaifa Salsabila. Pendidikan formal yang pernah ditempuh penulis adalah sebagai berikut : 1. Tahun 1994 masuk Taman Kanak-Kanak (TK) di TK Nurul Azizi Medan, dan menyelesaikan TK pada Tahun 1995. 2. Tahun 1995 masuk Sekolah Dasar (SD) di SD Al-Azhar Medan, dan menyelesaikan SD pada Tahun 2001. 3. Tahun 2001 masuk Sekolah Lanjutan Tingkat Pertama (SLTP) di SLTP Negeri 2 Medan, dan menyelesaikan SLTP pada Tahun 2004. 4. Tahun 2004 masuk Sekolah Menengah Atas (SMA) di SMA Negeri 1 Medan, dan menyelesaikan SMA pada Tahun 2007. 5. Tahun 2007, diterima di Program Studi Agribisnis Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Sumatera Utara Medan, melalui jalur Seleksi Penerimaan Mahasiswa Baru (SPMB) dan berhasil menyelesaikan Program Sarjana pada Tahun 2011. 6. Tahun 2015, melanjutkan studi pada Program Magister Agribisnis Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Sumatera Utara dan berhasil menyelesaikan program Magister pada Tahun 2018. iii UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA KATA PENGANTAR Segala puji dan syukur Saya ucapkan Kepada Allah SWT, karena atas rahmat dan hidayah-Nya, Saya sebagai penulis dapat menyelesaikan tesis ini dengan baik. Pada kesempatan ini, Saya mengucapkan terima kasih Kepada : 1. Bapak Prof. Dr. Runtung S.H., M.Hum selaku Rektor Universitas Sumatera Utara 2. Bapak Dr. Ir. Hasanuddin, MS. selaku Dekan Fakultas Pertanian. 3. Bapak Dr. Ir. Rahmanta, M.Si selaku Ketua Komisi Pembimbing dan Ibu Sri Fajar Ayu, SP, MM, DBA selaku Anggota Komisi Pembimbing yang telah meluangkan waktunya untuk membimbing, mengajari, dan membantu penulis dalam penyempurnaan tesis ini. 4. Ibu Dr. Ir. Iskandarini, MM dan Bapak Dr. Ir. Satia Negara Lubis, MEc selaku dosen penguji yang telah meluangkan waktunya untuk membimbing, mengajari, dan membantu penulis dalam penyempurnaan tesis ini. 5. Seluruh Dosen dan staf administrasi di Program Studi Magister Agribisnis Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Sumatera Utara yang telah membekali penulis selama ini dengan berbagai ilmu pengetahuan. 6. Seluruh instansi ataupun lembaga terkait yang telah membantu dalam penyelesaian tesis ini. 7. Teman-Teman seperjuangan angkatan XIII Magister Agribisnis USU. Kita Luar Biasa. Dengan hormat dan terima kasih secara khusus penulis ucapkan kepada iv UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA Kedua Orangtua, Ibunda Dra. Mujiati, Ayahanda Drs. A. Ikhyar Hasibuan yang selalu memberikan doa, cinta kasih, pendidikan, dan dukungan moril maupun materil kepada penulis serta tak lupa kepada suami Fadlan Piliang SE. dan anak tersayang Naura Khaifa Salsabila atas semangat dan cinta kasih yang telah diberikan kepada penulis. Akhir kata, penulis mengucapkan terima kasih dan semoga tesis ini dapat bermanfaat bagi kita semua. Medan, Januari 2019 Penulis v UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA DAFTAR ISI Hal ABSTRAK .................................................................................................... i ABSTRACT .................................................................................................. ii RIWAYAT HIDUP ...................................................................................... iii KATA PENGANTAR ................................................................................. iv DAFTAR ISI ................................................................................................. vi DAFTAR TABEL ....................................................................................... viii DAFTAR GAMBAR ................................................................................... ix DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ............................................................................... x BAB I PENDAHULUAN .......................................................................... 1 1.1. Latar Belakang .......................................................................... 1 1.2. Perumusan Masalah .................................................................. 4 1.3. Tujuan Penelitian ...................................................................... 4 1.4. Manfaat Penelitian .................................................................... 4 BAB II TINJAUAN PUSTAKA ................................................................. 5 2.1. Sektor dan Komoditas Unggulan .............................................
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