'Bartiers, Cultural Barriers, and Beauro'crt1ciparriefs.'4The a -With Whizh
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4 . DOCiPIENT RE STINE .ED 1134 753 .at Q11.031 AUTHOR Shreeve, L..Sid, E4.; Fttirbanis, Merwin G.,' Ed* TITLE' The Spanish Speaking Xiierican. Challenge. A Report of the :hicano Conference Held at' HU in 1974. INSi'ITUTIO1 Brigham- Young rtinivi,,Provô, Utah. SPONS AGENCI Utah Univ.. Salt Lake City. Chicano Mobile Inst. PUB DATE 75" NOTE 142p. AVAILABLE FROM Department of.Spanish and Portuguese, Brigham fourtg, University, 164 F08, Provo, UT 84602 ($2.00), 4 EDRS PRICE NFO1IP:06 Plus Postage. DgSCRIPTORS. Access to Education; Biculturalism; Biliztgual Education': Curriculum; Disadvantaged: *Educata; *Employment; Government .Role: Rea3,10 Services; High'er ". Education; *Human SerAces: Law EnfOrdievapt: Legal lid; Medical Servides; *Mexican AmertatirLiteirature; *Mex.ican A me ricans': .Mig rant Wor)ciers; Multicultural, EduCation: *Problems: Spanish Speaking v IDENTIFIERS Chicanos; Chicano Studies; Utah ABSTRACT 'Experts and concerned citizens from NeV York to- PNCaliforniamet in an effort tb understand and confront ;thc 'challenges faci'ng Sanish-sp-eaking people. in their struggle tor education a'nd, for finding their proper place in American society;. The. problems andi char qr of the Spinish-speaking, Atorifsans, .ag rIported in. this symp um, do not fit common stereotYipas. The peopleire harrassed biro, pouertyr uneP1'oyment Jat a normal rate two tb thrt* times-the , e national level), diseasei commtinication barriers, edu'cational\' 'bartiers, cultural barriers, and beauro'crt1cIparriefs.'4The a -with whizh. SpanisL-speaking Americans are doing batile are rrbt theirs; they are the p-robl-ms of the* nation.. Whtin tke so`lAtions are, fitially found, they will *be a malor contribution to the, world so; wtiere minority-ism is nearly a universal plienpmenoa. Major addresses focus onthe. topics of ethnic cohesio'n vs. a4,silailationt 'the -power 'of educlti.'on vs. the pOwer of government, ,and qtah's ifforts wi-th Chicano problem9Workshop disoussions examine definitione ,attdlabef acceptanze of the' term Chicano; law enforcement (pblicelminority telationso iresponsibilitids of the -legal systi, and *politica.; influence) : health and )medical services: Chidano studies curriCulum in higher education; baeriers' in Omploympnt, educatidn and government; characteritics and signifiCance of Mex,ican-Akteiican literature; ands, perspecti'ves on bilingual and bicultural education. (Author/NEC) .* Reproduction,s stipplied by TDPS are the hett that cin,iie made *. from the originlil do'cuneiat. P **********************'****************,4*******************************4( 4 .00.7 N 111!!!1.4114 qJ e. ve, A REPORT ON THE 1974 BYU CHICANO CCNFERENCE Brigham young University Provo, Utah 84602' The Spanish SOaking American 1 Challenge A-REPORT/41F THE CHICANO CO&FERENCE lum AT BYU IN 1974 . 'Edited by Lt Sid Shreeve and Mercian G. Fairbanks a Nbiished by Latin American Studies irigham Noung University Provo, Utah ,. a I -. t -copyright 1975 by Brigham Young Un,i..versity Publicationt All rights reserved . Fillt edition 1975. First printing Printed in the United States of.America 1500 44225, - ACKNOWLEDGMENTS , The editors wish to agknowledie the help andcooperation of all those who made the "Spanish,Speaking American Challenge Symposiite a success. Special thanks"is due Dr. Mario Melendez fromthe Chicano Mobile Institute of the Umi'versity of Utahebr his fl.nancial and moral support during the long-weeks of preparationand preseitation. We also appreciate the support of 'Dallin H. Oaks, Presidentof Brigham Young University, who expressed his deep interest intfils symposium when he said, "Wre, have tried to bring fogethete the bestheart's and minds for this effort to make a better homelandfor all 4mericans.1' We believe that the group we have-assembled is wellqualified to suggest positive skutione to the challenges facini our country fprelaiion to its Spanish-speaking ,people,; -We hope yourefforts tdward this end will make our eYmposium a productive,ane.satisfying experience for all of um. Acknowledgments also go to thecolleges and depauments which colghordted with the organization and helpedwith the perqopnel to strengthen a high academic approach toodt conference. These people, too numerops to mention, demonstratedtheir gendine interest in the Spanish-speaking Americans. .We appreciate all thoseybol camefrom other cities and"states.As a result 4 this symposium, we feelthat we have launchdd BYUinto the mainstream of understanding andconfr6nt- ing the challenges facing the Spanish:speakingpeopile in their struggle .for education and for finding their properplace.in our society. Some- .one sounded the key wordand expressed the true meaning of it allwhen he said of the need forvour latestinvol7ement; "The Spanish-speaking Americans may appearquiet or slightly withdrAWn within the English-speaking culture,those who know them in their own ,Ilture know theirstrength of Will andcharacter, their , intelligence,,.their profound struggles, and theirpowerful leadership qualities. Tiie fishout of water tells yon nothing about:the beauty and excitement of the sea. Take a di'p into their world and knowthek as they are." We feel that this symposium has donejust that. Now let us face this challenge. We have an open field, we have theball, what do . we donow? Our acknowledgments go to those whomade not only the sympositte-- a successbut also made this publication possible.They include Robert K. Titomas, Academic Vice Prsident,Bruce B. Clark, Dean of the College of Humanities, and Bruce J.Wilson who worked countless hours organizing the publication. Last, but not least, we want tothank all of the Chicano' and eSpanish-speaking students far their helpand cooperation at the sympositng We hope thispublication will help them -and those who work with them realize their goals andfulfill their,driams. Table of Contents 4 part 1,7-Major Addresses Ethnic Cohesion. vs. Assimilations A Better America? by Armando Morales 2 The Arena and the Chicano cause 'by Orlando Rivera . e . S S The Cy.cano Challenge by Clark Knowlton 4.4 15 Power of Education vs. the Power of Government by President Dallin 0401-Of BYU 21 ,Vtah's Efforts with Chicano Problems by Governor Calvin Rampton ofUtah 23'1 Part II7-1Work,ops Chicano - A'Definition of Terms Historical Analyals Ctsf Terns by Clark Knowlton 32 Label Acceptance by Ted Lyon Y. .... 35. Am Chicano = A Definition . by Gloria Ramirez Widger e"6 ,36. Law Enf6rcement Cultural Aspects of-Police Minority Relation by Bernardo,Ortiz de Montellano . .. Responsibility of the *Legal System Regarding Bilingual Minoritieis by ilt)nroe Paxman . ....... Political Influence on Minority Discrimination in AP Law Enfordement by ArmandodMorales ..... 4 . 47 Health and Medical Services for theSparti Sp 'sitingCommunity' Mental Health and the Mexican-American by Armando Morales 52- 4 too Mental.. Health. Services in Utah 0 by Ben Mortensen . .0 4$ 44 SS ! .ffealth Care for Migrant Mbrkers by Gabitel Vega- . a . 59 Chicanos and Meacine. Attitudes', Background and Treatzitnt -. 4 by Orlando Rivera 0 110 .. 62 :' Health and Medical Servicpa, Review and Su4Miry by Orlando Rivera . ' 4 * * It I 4. S. Curriculum - Chicano Studies; in Higher Education - -Chicano, Studies by Bernardo Ortiz de Montellano , ; . 70 - Essential to a Successful Chicano Program by Carlos Esqueda . 4 4 74 turriculum Consideration' e` 'lly-Tamas.Rivera . 0 4 1 S. 75 7 Pertinent Questions'and-!Fob by Elaine K. Milfei 76 4 Curriculum ReView amiSumilary by Elaine K. Miller 78 The Chicano Struggle - BarrierEkin Employment, Education and Government, Why a Chicano'Movement 4to by Orlando Rivera , 82 Strugigle, withEstablishment . by CarlOrOsqueda, 87 IlLejaws and Opportnnity - . S 0 91 NJ' 'Bicultural Training , by Armando Ayala 93 r /Accessto Employment and Education by Brent McGregor ..... ''..-, . .- ,96 .. - State Office of Equal Opport.unity by Joe Gallegos . ' . 98 vi 4 S. Ethnocen4ris6 99 by Ben Mortensen I The Chicano Struggle , Review and Summay by Otlando Rivera .... ./.... 100 Mexican-American Literature e, The Functional Significance-of Chicano Literature 104 by TOM48 vera .. ... ... %. Identity and FuOtion of Chicano Lit rature , by Ted Lyon\ 106 ) Conflict Between 6,Creating Identity' and "Tellfng It Like It Is" \ by, Russell Cluff 108 Characteristtcs of Chicano,Literat by Merlin Campton ... 0 * 109 ' The Folk Element ,. by Elaine K. Miller 1-111 Genres of Chicanb-Literature . by 'Minas Rivera .. ........ Mexican-American Literature view and Summary by Tunas RiVva, . 114 Bilingual-AculturalEducation Ahailer's, to Cur Educational Systems Perspectives on BilingUal-ticikltural Education by Armando Ayala am! Robemrto.Espincixa 118 Appendix 126 Excerpts from KMIT-TV's "American Dialogue"' . .1V Inttoduction by Bruce J. Wilson . I Graphics and Press'Supervision by Bruce J. WiLson Artist. Elsa Rodriquet Larreta . INTRODUCTION . When an El Paso street gang has a young man ba"Cked up to.the latrine wall with a knife pointed at his stomach, the last thins expected is that they would be discussing dcademic discii;line. Yet this true story as told by.pr. Clark Knowlton of the University of Utah, illustrates the paradoxes of lifeamong the Spanish-speaking Americans. While poverty, communication problems and. cultural ,differences in thii neighborhood made it difficUlteven to'graduate from high school, this gang, recognizing the imiportance of education, decided to gather mmney (by unstated means) and send a miember 9f the gang to college. They picked . a boy who had not yet,dropped