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Summer 2010 Review the .SU Naval War College Review Volume 63 Article 25 Number 3 Summer 2010 Summer 2010 Review The .SU . Naval War College Follow this and additional works at: https://digital-commons.usnwc.edu/nwc-review Recommended Citation War College, The .SU . Naval (2010) "Summer 2010 Review," Naval War College Review: Vol. 63 : No. 3 , Article 25. Available at: https://digital-commons.usnwc.edu/nwc-review/vol63/iss3/25 This Full Issue is brought to you for free and open access by the Journals at U.S. Naval War College Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Naval War College Review by an authorized editor of U.S. Naval War College Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. War College: Summer 2010 Review NAVAL WAR C OLLEGE REVIEW NAVAL WAR COLLEGE REVIEW Summer 2010 Volume 63, Number 3 Summer 2010 Summer Published by U.S. Naval War College Digital Commons, 2010 1 5564_Cover.indd 1 5/10/2010 2:53:03 PM Naval War College Review, Vol. 63 [2010], No. 3, Art. 25 Cover Not a traditional seasonal image for our Summer issue, but as Caitlyn L. Antrim, executive director of the Rule of Law Committee for the Oceans, points out in “The Next Geographical Pivot: The Rus- sian Arctic in the Twenty-fi rst Century,” Arctic conditions are severe year-round. However, the fact that global climate changes are making them progressively less so, her article argues, is causing shifts that will become fundamental in the eco- nomic, security, and geopolitical realms. The nuclear-powered attack submarine USS Texas (SSN 775), reportedly the fi rst boat of the Virginia class to operate in the Arctic, on the surface near the North Pole in October 2009. U.S. Navy photo by Sonar Technician (Submarines) 1st Class Hamilton Felt, USN. https://digital-commons.usnwc.edu/nwc-review/vol63/iss3/25 2 5564_Cover.indd 2 5/10/2010 2:53:05 PM Color profile: Disabled Composite Default screen War College: Summer 2010 Review NAVAL WAR COLLEGE REVIEW Summer 2010 Volume 63, Number 3 NAVAL WAR COLLEGE PRESS 686 Cushing Road Newport, RI 02841-1207 Published by U.S. Naval War College Digital Commons, 2010 3 NWCR_Summer2010.ps C:\Documents and Settings\john.lanzieri.ctr\Desktop\NavalWarCollege\NWC_Review_Summer2010\NWCR_Summer2010.vp Tuesday, May 11, 2010 8:48:59 AM Color profile: Disabled Composite Default screen Naval War College Review, Vol. 63 [2010], No. 3, Art. 25 NAVAL WAR COLLEGE PRESS ADVISORY BOARD PRESIDENT, NAVAL WAR COLLEGE Adam Bellow Rear Adm. James P. Wisecup, USN Capt. Wayne P. Hughes, USN (Ret.) PROVOST Gale A. Mattox Amb. Mary Ann Peters Robert A. Silano Marin Strmecki DEAN OF NAVAL WARFARE STUDIES Dov S. Zakheim Robert C. Rubel NAVAL WAR COLLEGE PRESS NAVAL WAR COLLEGE REVIEW EDITORIAL BOARD Carnes Lord, Editor Donald Chisholm Pelham G. Boyer, Managing Editor Audrey Kurth Cronin Phyllis P. Winkler, Book Review Editor Peter Dombrowski Lori A. Almeida, Secretary and Circulation Manager Stephen Downes-Martin Frank Uhlig, Jr., Editor Emeritus Col. Theodore L. Gatchel, USMC (Ret.) Capt. Dennis Mandsager, JAGC, USN (Ret.) Naval War College Review William C. Martel Code 32, Naval War College Col. Mackubin Owens, USMC (Ret.) 686 Cushing Rd., Newport, RI 02841-1207 Lt. Cdr. Derek S. Reveron, USN Fax: 401.841.1071 Capt. Peter M. Swartz, USN (Ret.) DSN exchange, all lines: 841 Scott C. Truver Website: www.usnwc.edu/press Karl F. Walling http://twitter.com/NavalWarCollege James J. Wirtz Editor, Circulation, or Business 401.841.2236 [email protected] Managing Editor 401.841.4552 [email protected] Newport Papers, Books [email protected] Essays and Book Reviews 401.841.6584 [email protected] Other Naval War College Offices 401.841.3089 https://digital-commons.usnwc.edu/nwc-review/vol63/iss3/25 4 NWCR_Summer2010.ps C:\Documents and Settings\john.lanzieri.ctr\Desktop\NavalWarCollege\NWC_Review_Summer2010\NWCR_Summer2010.vp Tuesday, May 11, 2010 8:48:59 AM Color profile: Disabled Composite Default screen War College: Summer 2010 Review The Naval War College Review was established in 1948 as a forum for discussion of public policy matters of interest to the maritime services. The thoughts and opinions expressed in this publication are those of the authors and are not necessarily those of the U.S. government, the U.S. Navy Department, or the Naval War College. The journal is published quarterly. Distribution is limited generally to commands and activities of the U.S. Navy, Marine Corps, and Coast Guard; regular and reserve officers of U.S. services; foreign officers and civilians having a present or previous affiliation with the Naval War College; selected U.S. government officials and agen- cies; and selected U.S. and international libraries, research centers, publications, and educational institutions. Contributors Please request the standard contributors’ guidance from the managing editor or access it online before submitting manuscripts. The Naval War College Review nei- ther offers nor makes compensation for articles or book reviews, and it assumes no responsibility for the return of manuscripts, although every effort is made to return those not accepted. In submitting work, the sender warrants that it is original, that it is the sender’s property, and that neither it nor a similar work by the sender has been accepted or is under consideration elsewhere. Permissions Reproduction and reprinting are subject to the Copyright Act of 1976 and appli- cable treaties of the United States. To obtain permission to reproduce material bearing a copyright notice, or to reproduce any material for commercial pur- poses, contact the editor for each use. Material not bearing a copyright notice may be freely reproduced for academic or other noncommercial use; however, it is requested that the author and Naval War College Review be credited and that the editor be informed. Periodicals postage paid at Newport, R.I. POSTMASTERS, send address changes to: Naval War College Review, Code 32S, Naval War College, 686 Cushing Rd., Newport, R.I. 02841-1207. ISSN 0028-1484 Published by U.S. Naval War College Digital Commons, 2010 5 NWCR_Summer2010.ps C:\Documents and Settings\john.lanzieri.ctr\Desktop\NavalWarCollege\NWC_Review_Summer2010\NWCR_Summer2010.vp Tuesday, May 11, 2010 8:48:59 AM Color profile: Disabled Composite Default screen Naval War College Review, Vol. 63 [2010], No. 3, Art. 25 https://digital-commons.usnwc.edu/nwc-review/vol63/iss3/25 6 NWCR_Summer2010.ps C:\Documents and Settings\john.lanzieri.ctr\Desktop\NavalWarCollege\NWC_Review_Summer2010\NWCR_Summer2010.vp Tuesday, May 11, 2010 8:49:00 AM Color profile: Disabled Composite Default screen War College: Summer 2010 Review CONTENTS From the Editors . 5 President’s Forum . 9 The Next Geographical Pivot The Russian Arctic in the Twenty-first Century . 15 Caitlyn L. Antrim Climatic, economic, and technological changes in the Arctic may bring the transformation of Russia from a threatening “heartland” to a member of the maritime “rimland.” The change need not bring a new form of conflict, but it does require consideration of how to bring the new Russia into the collaborations and partnerships of other oceangoing states. Chinese Missile Strategy and the U.S. Naval Presence in Japan The Operational View from Beijing . 39 Toshi Yoshihara What underlies the Chinese interest, apparent in open-source writings, in U.S. bases in the Asia-Pacific, especially Japan? Given China’s improved missile capabilities, what might be Beijing’s calculus in war or crisis, and what might that mean for the United States and its allies? Naval Technologies The Zumwalt-Class Destroyer A Technology “Bridge” Shaping the Navy after Next . 63 George V. Galdorisi and Scott C. Truver The Navy currently plans to build only three of the Zumwalt (DDG 1000) guided-missile destroyers. But the systems embodied in the ship––as well as those that could easily find homes in it in the future––represent some of the most cutting-edge and transformational technologies ever adapted for naval uses. DDG 1000 represents a critical opportunity to test and refine them. The Strategic Implications of Obscurants History and the Future . 73 Thomas J. Culora Employment of obscurant systems at sea could significantly reduce the risk to surface ships from missile strikes. Obscurants have strategic implications in the areas of strategic competition, influence and balancing, deterrence, and escalation control. Published by U.S. Naval War College Digital Commons, 2010 7 NWCR_Summer2010.ps C:\Documents and Settings\john.lanzieri.ctr\Desktop\NavalWarCollege\NWC_Review_Summer2010\NWCR_Summer2010.vp Tuesday, May 11, 2010 8:49:00 AM Color profile: Disabled Composite Default screen 2 NAVAL WARNaval COLLEGE War REVIEW College Review, Vol. 63 [2010], No. 3, Art. 25 South Asian Security S-2 Options for the Pakistan Navy . 85 Commander Muhammad Azam Khan, Pakistan Navy (Retired) The recent launch of an Indian Navy nuclear-powered ballistic-missile submarine, S-2, obliges the Pakistan Navy to consider ways to restore strategic balance in the region. Prospects for Indian and Pakistani Arms Control and Confidence-Building Measures. 105 Feroz Hassan Khan India and Pakistan share a history of competition and failure to follow through in the resolution of disputes. Matters will worsen in the next decade—unless the countries take advantage of positive elements that exist and adopt forward-looking, cooperative-security outlooks. Maritime Security Naval Vessel Traffic Services Enhancing the Safety of Merchant Shipping in Maritime Security Operations. 123 Lieutenant Dr. Ir. F. J. Sluiman and Commander Ph. H. de Koning, Royal Netherlands Navy Reserve A potentially dangerous gap exists between naval maritime security operations in high-threat situations and the management of merchant-vessel traffic—as well as between the resources available to naval forces and to nonstate threats. Naval Vessel Traffic Services could be an effective response. Maritime Information-Sharing Strategy A Realistic Approach for the American Continent and the Caribbean .
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