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2004 Outlook Magazine, Winter 2004

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Chess, anyone? Second-year medical students Eugenia Garvin, left, and Louise Yeung examine a bronze work by Arts & Sciences anthropology student Blaine Maley. The piece was among 30 on display at an art show held November 18, 2004, at the Bernard Becker Medical library's King Center. Garvin and Yeung, along with fellow second-year student Yamini Virkud, coordinated the show, which also included poetry readings, photography, painting, drawing, quilting, pottery and calligraphy by Washington University students, faculty and staff.

OUTLOOK Volume XLI , Number 4 EDITOR HOLLY EOMISTON CONTACTS Winter 2004 (ISSN 1042-2897) is Phone : 314/286-0100 ART DIRECTOR ERIC YOUNG published quarterly by the Office of FAX: 314/286-0101 Medical Public Affairs, Washington PH oTO GRAPH ER ROBERT BOSTON e-mail: [email protected] University School of Medicine, Campus Periodical postage paid at St. Louis, MO. Box 8508, 4444 Forest Park Ave., CIRCULATION KATHI LAW POSTMASTER. Send address changes to : St. Louis , M0 63108. «=) 2004 EXECUTIVE STEVE KOHLER Circulation, Outlook, Campus Box 8508, DIRECTOR 4444 Forest Park Ave., St . Louis, M0 63108 outlook .wustl.edu I0)[lflli~(ill(ill gHigh.

Construction continues, fleshing out the skeleton of the Farrell Learning and Teaching Center.

medicine.wustl.edulltc

- Farrell learning and Teaching Center

Located in the heart of the Washington University Medical Center, at the intersection of Euclid and Scott avenues, the Farrell Learning and Teaching Center will serve as the school 's main venue for medical education. • The first classes are scheduled to be held there in fall 2005. • The latest technology throughout the building means, for example, that every seat in the lecture halls will be wired for personal network access. • New spaces emphasize small group learning. Giving opportunities • Prominent naming opportunities are available throughout the building, starting at $25,000. • Annual Fund support, at any level, will help enable this important addition to medical education.

Contact the Office of Medical Alumni and Development at (314) 286-0086. aWashington University in St.lDuis SCHOOL OF MEDICINE UIIOO Washington University School of Medicine VOLUME XLI' NUMBER 4 • WINTER 2004

CDVE R For more than 100 years, the School of Medicine has furthered the world's understanding of science and medicine. Through the Campaign for Washington University, thousands of people have made an investment in the School 's future - and the future of medical education, research and patient care. FEATURES ILLU STRATION BY ERI C YO UNG The Challenge of Change BY GWEN ER I CSON ...... , .. H ea lth policy ex pen s from around the coumry recendy convened at the School of M edi cince ro discuss the complex challenges facin g the U .S. health care system.

The Way to the Heart BY GILA Z. RECKESS

The rapid evolution of imervel1[ional cardiology over the past few decades offers pati el1[s with heart disease a less invasive alternative ro traditional surgery.

New Origins for Organs BY MICHAEL PURDY Could the burgeoning fi eld of organogenesis, in which new organs are grown from animal cells, one day trea t human d isease?

3 Heart shrinking Sunrise! BY CANDACE O' CONNOR DEPARTMENTS The School of Medicine played a major role in the success of the Campaign for Washingron Unive rsity, a nea rl y decade-long fund-raising effort that surpassed all goals. Pulse

Student Stage

Alumni &Development 28 Nurses' Reunion 30 News 32 Class Notes 26 Educational journey Psychiatry researchers cross borders

PREVENTING THE GLOBAL SPREAD OF HIV INFECTION by reducing high-risk behaviors in vulner­ ab le popularions, including women and yomh, is rhe aim of several internarional projects being launched by School of Medicine investigarors. Researchers in rhe Depanmem of Psychiatry's Epidemiology and Prevemion Research Group have received new grams and contracts rotaling more than $3.2 million from rhe World AIDS Foundation, the Narional Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) and the Narionailnstitme of Nursing Research to build upon work begun in 1989. Invesrigators will use the funding for a series of community-based projecrs aimed ar assessing high-risk behavior in particular groups and intervening to reduce rhat risk. Linda B. Cotder, PhD, professor of epidemiology in psychiatry and direcror of the Epidemiology and Prevention Research Group, is principal investigaror of rhe new projects. Locally, the Sisters Teaching Options for Prevemion project (STOP) will provide peer-led interventions ro inner-city women in Sr. Louis who have been arrested for Ciechanover shares Nobel Prize drug offenses. Because many women who use drugs also tend ro engage in orher VISITING PROFESSOR OF PEDIATRICS "We already know how risky behaviors, including Aaron Ciechanover, MD, DSc, who also is Research rhe commission of crimes to stop the spread of Disringuished Professor of Biochemistry at Technion­ ro suppOrt rh eir drug use, Israel Institute ofTechnology, Haifa, Israel, recendy was HIV, and we have pro­ the research team will awarded the 2004 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. grams to help people work with the City Drug Ciechanover has been a who abuse alcohol and Coun in Sr. Louis ro railor visiring professor at Washington programs aimed at reduc­ drugs. But repeated University since 1987, spend­ ing these behaviors. ing a portion of each year in the boosters are needed In other pans of the School of Medicine's Department to help people at risk world, Corder's group will of Pediatrics. He is the 23rd adjust their behaviors:' work in India with the Nobel Laureate associated with wives of men who engage LINDA B. COTTLER , PH 0 Washingron Unive rsity. in high-risk substance Ciechanover shares the award abuse and sex behaviors. Aaron Ciechanover,MD, DSc with Avram H ersh ko, MD, PhD, The team also will study the use of club drugs ­ also from Technion-Israel Instirute ofTechnology, and including Ecstas y, ketamine, methamphetamine and Irwin Rose, MD, from the University of California, Irvine. others - among young people in Taiwan. The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences honored All of the studies involve community-based programs the three scientists for their work and groundbreaking that specifically target users Out of treatment who may be discovery in rhe late 1980s of a process thar cells milize at risk for HIV, sexually transmirred diseases, drug and ro eliminate unwanted proteins. alcohol dependence and other problems.

2 Pulse Winter 2004 Outlook Morris garners lifetime achievement award for Alzheimer's research, leadership

ALZHEIMER'S RESEARCHER John C. Morris, MD, Morris, who also directs the has received one of his fi eld's most presti gio us honors: the universiry-wide Center for Aging, Alzhei mer's Association Lifetime Achievemenr Award . is most recognized for his contribu­ As principal investigaror ofWashing ron Universiry's tions ro Alzheimer's research in the Alzheimer's Disease Research Cemer (ADRC) and th e area of early diagnosis. His team is program project "Healthy Agi ng and Senile Demenria," known for developing and refin­ Morris leads an inrerdisciplinary, investigative team ing the Clinical Demenria Rating compari ng normal aging and m ild Alzheimer's disease. (CDR) system, now th e standard T he ADRC is w idely regarded for its broad spectrum . MO' clinical measure in the diagnosis Jon.h C Moms, of research, including investigations of the molecular bas is and staging of dementia. of the disease, clinical studies of demenria com pared with H e al so has led several landmark studies idenrifYing healthy aging, investigating effects of dementia on drivi ng, the earliest stages of the disease and the pathologic and experimental trials of anti-dementia therapies. presence of Alzheimer's before clinical symptoms arise .

CARDIOLOGY Regular exercise helps to decrease size, mass of enlarged hearts

xercise may reduce more than waist Exercise also provides benefits that flexibility classes three times per week. size - it also may help to shrink the heart drugs do not, such as lowering For the following five months, they did thickened and enlarged hearts. an individual's risk of developing diabetes. endurance exercises that incorporated brisk Researchers at the School of However, drugs still appear to be the best walking, jogging and/or cycling for 40 to 60 Medicine have found that a moderate exer­ way to significantly lower blood pressure. minutes three times a week. cise regimen is just as effective as a common "Our study confirmed that medica­ As expected based on previous studies, blood preSS l'J re drug in reducing the heart's tions are more effective than exercise the medication was about twice as effective mass and the thickness of the heart wall in in lowering blood pressure," says prin­ in lowering systolic blood pressure. But the elderly individuals with mild to moderately cipal investigator Ali A. Ehsani, M0, a team found that exercise was just as effec­ el'evated blood pressure. Washington University cardiologist at tive in reducing other key health factors. Barnes-Jewish Hospital, "but our main "One of the most dangerous effects objective was to determine the effect of of high blood pressure is its effect on exercise on other important health factors heart mass, " says Ehsani. "When you have such as heart size:' high blood pressure, the heart has to work The study was published in the harder to pump blood to the rest of the August 2004 issue of the American Journal body, which in turn results in a condition of Physiology: Regulatory, Integrative and called hypertrophy, or an increase in the Comparative Physiology. heart's mass. Hypertrophy itself predisposes Ehsani's team randomly assigned patients to conditions like heart rhythm elderly men and women to either medica­ abnormalities and can lead to heart failure:' tion or an exercise group. Those ,in the Ehsani's team also evaluated the medication group received one dose of the effect of the two treatments on metabolic common blood pressure drug hydrochloro­ conditions, such as resistance to insulin, thiazide once a day for six months. which is a precursor to diabetes. Exercise Those in the exercise group under­ significantly reduced' insulin resistance and went a two-phase training. program. For improved aerobic capacity, but hydrochloro­ one month, they participated in 40-minute thiazide had no effect on either.

Outlook Winter 2004 Pulse 3 American Association for the Advancement of Science adds fellows to its ranks

FOUR SCHOOL OF MEDICINE RESEARCHERS have been named fellows of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), the world 's largest general scientific society. AAAS awards the rank of fellow - the highest honor it confers - to researchers who have made scienrificalJy or socially distinguished efforts to advance science. Elliot L. El so n, PhD, Alumni Endowed Professo r of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, was honored for developing theoretical and experimenral approaches to the use of novel fluorescent methods, for studying viscoelastic properties of ce ll s, and for the investigation of tissue mechanics. He studies the molecular structures that determ ine the characteristics of the body's ti ss ue. A key area of his research involves analysis of the mechan­ ical properties and functions of the cytoskeleton. Timothy M. Lohman, PhD, Marvi n A. Brennecke Professo r of Biological Chemistry and professo r of bio­ Eberlein named to Institute of Medicine chemistry and molecular biophys ics, was honored for fu ndamenral studies of the thermodynamics and kinetic ONE OF THE HIGHEST HONORS medical scienrists mechanisms of interaction be[ween protein and DNA, in the United States can receive, elecrion co the National particularly SSB and helicase-unwinding of the DNA Academy of Sciences' Insticute of Medicine, was recently double helix. He in vestigates how double-Stranded, heli­ bescowed on Timothy]. Eberlein, MD, chairman of cal DNA becomes unwound during DNA replication, the Deparrmenr of Surgery, Spencer T. and Ann W. recombination and repair. Olin Distinguished Professor and direcro r of the Alvin Jane E. Phillips-Comoy, PhD, professor of anaromy ]. Siteman Cancer Cenrer, and surgeon-in-chief at and neurobiology and also professor of anthropology in Barnes-Jewish Hospital. the College of Arts and Sciences, was honored for dis­ Selected in recognition of his many professional tinguished conrributions to the study of primate social achievements in medical science and health care and behavior and species diversiry, es pecially in wild anubis, for his leadership in issues hamadryas and hybrid baboon populations in Africa. Eberlein is one of 65 affecting public health, She studies free-ranging primates, focusing on how members elected to Eberlein will, as an institute behavioral, demographic and ecological variables influ­ the Institute of Medicine of Medicine member, make ence population structure. a commitmenr to devote a Herbert W. Virgin, MO, PhD, professor of pathology this year, raising the significant amounr of volun­ and immunology and of molecular microbiology, was . . group's total active teer tllne on commIttees honored for hi s distinguished and numerous contribu­ membership to 1,416. engaged in a broad range tions to the understanding of viral pathogenesis, latency, of health policy issues. immuniry and immune evasion of gamma herpes viruses Eberlein also is active in the American College of and for identification of new pathogens. He studies Surgeons, conrributing to many committees, and is issues at the inrerface berween virology and immunology, a member of the National Cancer Institute Advisory working from the hypothesis that viruses manipulate the Board. He has served on several Institute of Medicine immune response as the immune response attempts to committees and is on the National Cancer Policy Board. eradicate the virus.

4 Pulse Wincer 2004 Outlook Daniel helps mom

Outstanding professors take honors Medical students from the Classes of 2005, 2006 and 2007 honored faculty at the Distinguished Service Teaching Awards ceremony on November 16, 2004: Barry Sleckman, M0, PhD, 2006 Professor of the Year; Martin I. Boyer, M0, 2005 Clinical Lecturer of the Year; Jeffrey E. Saffitz, M0, PhD, 2007 Professor of the Year; Thomas M. DeFer, M0, 2005 Clerkship Director of the Year; Marc J. Bernstein, MD, 2007 Stanley J. Lang Lecturer of the Year; Allyson R. Zazulia, MD, 2006 Coursemaster of the Year; and Robert S. Wilkinson, PhD, 2007 Coursemaster of the Year. Sanjeev Bhalla, MD, 2006 Lecturer of the Year, is not shown.

NUTRITIONAL SCIENCE Diabetes, heart disease remain unchanged after liposuction

iposuction is no substitute for dieting lost this much fat by dieting, we would have clamp technique allows scientists to mea­ when it comes to preventing diabe­ expected to see marked improvements in sure insulin's major metabolic effects, such tes, hypertension and heart disease, insulin sensitivity and other risk factors for as how well insulin suppresses liver glucose according to researchers at the heart disease:' production and fat breakdown and how well School of Medicine. Klein and colleagues studied 15 obese insulin stimulates glucose uptake by muscle Reporting in the June 17, 2004 issue women with excessive abdominal fat - eight tissue. The researchers also measured triglyc­ of The New England Journal of Medicine, the with normal glucose tolerance and seven eride and cholesterol levels, blood pressure Washington University team found that with type 2 diabetes - before abdominal and other risk factors for heart disease. removing abdominal fat by using modern liposuct,ion and again 10 to 12 weeks after "It was remarkable how similar the liposuction techniques did not provide the surgery. results were before and after the procedure," metabolic benefits normally associated The sensitivity of the liver, muscle and Klein says. "There were no changes in insu­ with similar amounts of fat loss induced fat tissue to insulin was measured by per­ lin sensitivity, blood lipid's, blood pressure by dieting. forming an insulin clamp procedure. The or inflammatory markers associated with Excess abdominal fat is associated coronary heart disease in any of our study with a defect in insulin's ability to regulate subjects:' sugar and fat metabolism, which can lead to 011 the plus side, the study did demon­ metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes, strate it was possible to safely remove large abnormal blood lipids, hypertension and amounts of fat. heart disease. "We confirmed that it is possible to "Despite removing large amounts of do large-volume liposuction safely," says subcutaneous fat - about 20 percent of our co-investigator V. Leroy Young, MD, a private subject's total body fat mass - there were practice physician and former professor of no beneficial medical effects," says principal plastic and reconstructive surgery. "In the investigator Samuel Klein, MD, the Danforth past, we usually removed no more than Professor of Medicine and Nutritional about five liters of fat, but in this study we Science and member of Barnes-Jewish showed you can safely remove four times Hospital's medical staff. "Had these subjects that amount:'

Outlook Winter 2004 Pulse 5 I I P~ru Clinical neurology research unit expands

CLINICAL TRIALS TESTING TREATMENTS for neurological disorders such as Parkinson's disease and • I II II I' I epilepsy soon will be conducred under one roof at the SummII"'V Elements School of Medicine, adding critical mass ro the neuro­ I nltJabvl!!! OPP ortuJ'Vties clinical research program and convenience for patients I • ~ I .. II l t II ,-,,!'lIS H;'Ohlt gtl ts enrolled in clinical trials. The medical school has begun renovating 14,000 square feet on the ground Aoor of the McMillan and Irene Walter Johnson buildings for the neuroclinical research unit (NCRU). The project is funded by a $1.6 miHion gram from the National Insti tutes of Health and $1.8 million from the School of Medicine. Among similar programs, Washington University's neurology program is the second-largest recipiem of federal research funds in the nation, and more than half of those resources support clinical research. In addition to patiem examination rooms and state­ of-the-an clinical and research equipme11t, the NCRU New center to study neurological diseases will house offices and workstations for junior facu lty, medical trainees, nurses, study coordinarors and other Two ST. LOUIS ORGANIZATIONS have teamed up suppOrt staff. Bringing these resources rogether will to create the Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, a foster collaboration among unique collaboration dedicated ro basic science research scien tific teams and provide on a broad spectrum of nervous system conditions. a convenienr location for By pooling the twO institutions' inrellectual and clinical study participanrs. financial resources, the School of Medicine and ALS Hope -The Chris Hobler / James Maritz Foundation will generate funds and conduct basic research to advance the understanding and Research will include rreatmenr of neuro­ investigations on neuro­ logical disorders. degenerative diseases "The strength of such as amyotrophic lateral the Hope Center lies in its approach to inves­ sclerosis Alzheimer's (AlS), tigating neurological disease, Parkinson's disease disease," says David and multiple sclerosis. M. Holtzman, MD, Charlone and Paul Hagemann Professor of Neurology. "It's focus on collabo­ ration capitalizes on the existence of mechanisms and concepts shared by many neurological disorders. " The cenrer will be housed at the Department of Neurology under the scientific directorship of Mark P. Goldberg, MD, professor of neurology and of anatomy and neurobiology. Cemer members will include faculty in neurology and several other School of Medicine departmen ts .

G Pulse Wimer 2004 Outlook MOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY Genetically modified parasite lets researchers probe immune system's memory

n immune system cell can "remem­ For the new study, immunologists coauthor Stephen H. Beverley, PhD, the ber" a parasite's attack and help at the University of Pennsylvania infected Marvin A. Brennecke Professor and head of the body mount a more effective mice with a genetically modified form of the Department of Molecular Microbiology. de fense against subsequent inva­ Leishmania created by microbiologists Researchers also found evidence that sions by the same parasite, according to at Washington University. The modified another class of T cells may stay primed researchers at the School of Medicine and Leishmania lacks an enzyme required for to fight a new infection when a small rem­ the University of Pennsylvania . DNA synthesis and can be completely wiped nant population of parasites persists. The finding, published in the October out by the mouse immune system. Beverley speculates that the presence of 2004 issue of Nature Medicine, will aid Researchers found that after the mice this second type of T cell, along with the efforts to develop a vaccine for Leishmania had cleared the Leishmania parasite, a type central memory T cell , may be key to pro­ major, a parasite that infects approximately of T cell (the CD4+ central rnemory T cell) viding full protection . 12 million people worldwide , causing signifi­ still reacted to the parasite in the test tube. Senior investigator Phillip Scott, PhD, cant death and disfigurement. It also may Mice that never had Leishmania and were professor of microbiology and immunology help efforts to develop vaccines for other given injections of these T cells fought off at the University of Pennsylvania's School pathogens, including AIDS and tuberculosis. the parasite more effectively than mice that of Veterinary Medicine, has conducted Scientists knew that recovery from didn't get the T cells. additional experiments that showed central Leishmania infection immunizes humans "This partial immunization suggests memory T cells can maintain their "memory" and animals against subsequent infection. that we may need to look at generating of Leishmania and respond to new infections But previous experiments led researchers large populations of these memory T cells at least five months after initial infection. to suspect the immunity resulted from the at the time of vaccination," says study Because T cells orchestrate the immune presence of a very small population of para­ system's fight against other diseases, includ­ sites that remained in the host. Loss of this ing tuberculosis and AIDS, scientists believe minimal parasite remnant seemed in some the new insights will support efforts to studies to result in loss of immunity. develop other vaccines.

I

Outlook Winter 2004 Pulse 7

'-' POLITICS &POLICYMAKING

RACIAL & ETHNIC DISPARITIES

TH ESPECTER OF RATION ING

COULD R&D BREAK THE BANK?

EALTH CARE RESEMBLES " AN OVERSIZED TEENAGER who keeps popping the financial seams on his clothing. He's already the largest kid in the room, and he threatens to grow until there's no space in it left for anybody else." - Henry Aaron, Senior HEALTH CARE CHALLENGES FACING Fellow of Economic Studies, Brookings Institution. TH ENATION was organized by William A. Aaron, among a group of health care professionals Peck, M0, conference chair and director of who convened at the School of Medicine on Ocrober 7, the Washington University Center for Health 2004, to discLlss the state of American health care, is not alone in his assessment. Others on the panel of Policy, and Steve S. Smith, PhD, director of experts at the conference, Health Care Challenges the university's Weidenbaum Center on the Facing the Nation, reiterated Aaron's implication that Economy, Government and Public Policy. health care COStS are our of COntrol. In fact, the cost of heal th care is one of the largest The two centers sponsored the conference components of the U.S. economy and is rising faster in conjunction with the Brookings Institute than the rate of inRation. of Washington, DC. Increases in health care spending have been attrib­ uted in pan ro an aging population. But some experts have pointed ro a period of biomedical research and development that has brought tcchno'logical innova­ tions that drive up COSts.

S The Challenge of Change Winter 2004 Outlook "The economic costs of medical advances are Wilensky asserts that the current fragmented and going to pose enormously difficult financial and politi­ wasteful system can be made less expensive through cal problems," Aaron says. Yet, the "mortality benefits" streamlining. Mark McClellan, president of Ivledicare of medical advances are significantly greater than the and Medicaid, agrees: "Inappropriate, unwanted or monetary costs, according to David Cutler, professor unnecessary treatment decreases the quality of care of economics at Harvard University. and drives up costs." "The average 45-year-old spends about $30,000 Solutions that could increase efficiency include more than he or she did 40 years ago to treat cardio­ establishing an independent standard for selecting vascular disease, adding about three years of life," appropriate care, relating reimbursement to says Cutler. When he asked the audience the quality of service, and reducing admin­ how many of them would be willing to istrative waste. "The difficulty is," says spend $10,000 to obtain those extra Wilensky, "this is going to require years, a sea of hands went up. an investment of billions and not Cutler maintains that research millions." and development account for only There are other roadblocks as about 5 percent of all medical well. Former U.S. Surgeon General spending. "But," he adds, "research David Satcher says, "Politics raises and development do create more barriers to solving health care prob­ spending by leading to new, expensive lems. It took six years after the surgeon treatmen ts." general's report detailing the health con­ Aaron believes that Americans will be sequences of smoking for Congress to pass forced to choose berween rwo unpopular options: the law requiring a warning on packs of cigarettes." "We can ration care in some explicit fashion. If we Satcher acknowledges that a tremendous gap don't, that will require unprecedented tax increases by exists berween knowledge about health care and action a t;Lx-phobic nation." taken based on that knowledge. Still, he and others Although some degree of health care rationing has emphasize the importance of scientific advances. been successful in other countries, most U.S. citizens "Research must continue," says Satcher, "but strongly oppose it. "It is unlikely the United States we have to be sure that the results of research get will use rationing," says Gail Wilensky, senior fellow at transferred to policies and practices and are universally Project Hope, an international health foundation. available." 0

Disparities in black and white: measuring the cost of unequal access

A less visible problem is the the population," says James disparity in care provided Kimmey, president and CEO to well-insured people as of the Missouri Foundation It It ~ compared to the uninsured for Health. A :.l or underinsured, many of Disparity arises from IlflC ~ tl~ W ;= ~i 3 ~ whom belong to racial and segregation, poverty, lack ~; 2.6 to 1 4.5"~ to 1 4.1 to 1 ,,~ ethnic minorities. of access and poorer care. :~ ALCOHOL! ~ I ASTHMA "Public health service is "Financial reform is not DRUG USE DIABETES =~ underfunded and unevenly the solution," Kimmey says. ~~ distributed. This results in "And the political process Emergency room visits African Americans are less substantial gaps in health is not engaging even one likely than whites to have primary care. Treatment delays status and emerging illness of the problems of disparity exacerbate problems, leading to heavy use of emergency among some groups within in an effective fashion:' rooms for common health concerns (above).

Outlook W imer 2004 The Challenge of Change 9 xpan and clear nse atube to hold clogged passages an artery open Place long-acting drugs Attack a little tissue Pluu a hole in the heart for continued treatment to rescue the heart ------,.---,­

The Washington University The catheter-based alternative, cardiology team at Barnes­ percutaneous transluminal coronary Jewish Hospital has one of the angioplasty (PTCA), avoids those lowest restenosis [reclogging issues. In terventional cardiologists of the artery] rates in the typically insert the catheter in to a country, with an average of blood vessel in the groin and watch just 16 percent of all patients X-ray images as they maneuver it returning for further treatment through the artery's natural twists Left: Metal mesh stent. and turns. \Vhen it reaches the clogged portion of a coronary artery, a balloon on the tip of the catheter Roots of intervention Before the use of catheters, is inflated, compressing plaque In 1929, a German surgical trainee patients whose conditions did not buildup against the blood vessel's named Werner Forssmann inserted improve with drugs typically under­ wall and reopening the passage to a catheter into a vein in his arm and went surgery in which the diseased blood flow. guided it into the right side of his artery is bypassed by a blood vessel The advent of this less invasive heart. He then walked to the X-ray from the leg, arm or chest. The oper­ approach has revolutionized both the room and became the first person to ation not only harvests a blood vessel treatment and prognosis of CAD. prove, using imag,ing, that catheters from another part of the patient's More than I million PTCAs will could be used to study the living, body, it also necessitates making a be performed in the United States human heart. His intrepid experi­ 12- to IS-inch incision in the chest in 2004, surpassing the number of ment got him fired; later, in 1956, - both of which result in scarring bypass operations by more than it earned him a Nobel Prize. and postoperative pain. 50 percent. By that time, the use of cath­ The most dangerous aspects of And while the essence of eters was revolutionizing the state bypass surgery, however, are the use baIJoon angioplasty, as PTCA is of cardiac diagnosis by measuring of general anesthetic and a heart­ also called, is the same as when it the amount of oxygen in the blood lung bypass machine to divert blood debuted in 1977, what has changed and locating clogged arteries. Two away from the heart during the are the balloon's accessories ­ decades later, Dr. Andreas Crunzig operation, temporarily stopping the and, as a result, the procedure's went a step further, using balloon heart tl'om beating. effectiveness. catheters to treat heart patients. \Vith John M. Lasala, M0, directs the School of Medicine's cardiac catheterization laboratory. that, the non-surgical treatment of heart conditions - interventional cardiology - was born. Opening the way The rapid evolution of interven­ tiona! cardiology over the past 30 years can be traced by the progres­ sion of treatment fiJr coronary artery disease (CAD), a condition in which the heart's main blood vessels become narrowed or clogged by the buildup of plaque. According to the American Heart Association, more than 1.3 million Americans have CAD, and it remains the leading cause of death in this country.

12 The Way to the Heart Wimer 2004 Outlook Adesirable heart attack An injection of 200-proof alcohol into an artery of the heart yields astounding results: a tiny, local­ ized heart attack that kills an area of tissue the size of a grape. The catheter-based approach is used in patients with hypertrophic obstruc­ tive cardiomyopathy, a condition in which abnormally thick heart muscles block the passageways through which blood normally flows, making it more difficult for .. the heart to pump blood to the rest u = of the body. The procedure provides '" patients who have not responded z~ to drug therapy with a less invasive '" alternative to traditional surgical .. removal of the offending tissue. w.. ~

Keeping it open of cases. As Lasala witnessed first­ the country, with an average of just In 1989, John M. Lasala, MO, hand in 1989, the addition of stents 16 percent of all patients returning for medjcal direcror of the School of - shorr narrow metal tubes often further treatment. Medicine's cardiac catheterization in the form of mesh - significantly Bu t Lasala still isn't satisfied. laborarory, witnessed a seminal alleviates both problems. These small That's why he's been at the forefront moment in the history of heart carc. cylinders fit around the balloon and of the most recent jnnovation in Then a cardiology fellow at Yale expand as it inAates. The stent then catheter-based CAD treatment: drug­ University, Lasala observed as his remains in place after the balloon coated stents. Lacing the mesh cylin­ mentor Henry Cabin, MD, used a and catheter are removed, serving ders with low doses of drugs designed small metal cylinder to prop open a as scaffolding and holding plaque to slowly diffuse into the artery patient's clogged artery - one of the buildup at bay. appears to further decrease the risk first times the device, called a stent, of restenosis. Lasala's team was one of was used in the Unjted States. "It is absolutely astounding the key participants in research that "There was silence in the room," how much progress we've led to the FDA's landmark approval recalls Lasala, who also is director of of a Johnson & Johnson stent in April interventiona.l cardiology at Barnes­ made in such a short 2003, the first federally approved Jewish Hospital. "Henry said, 'You're period of time:' drug-coated stent. looking at the future.' It literally sent JOHN M. LASALA, MD "It is absolutely astounding how a shiver up my spine." much progress we've made in such a His mentor was right. Since the Food and Drug short period of time," Lasala says. \,(!hiJe balloon angioplasty gen­ Administration (FDA) approved "Our early results with drug-coated erally sllcceeds in opening arteries, the first stents in 1994, the number stents are almost toO good to be true about 30 ro 50 percem of blood ves­ of patients whose arteries become - restenosis rates have dropped to less sels become reclogged, or restenosed, reclogged is about half the rate of than 5 percent, and we expect them to within months of the procedure. traditional balloon angioplasty. The be even lower as we continue to Furthermore, balloon results were \'(/ashingron University cardiology smooth out the wrinkles. This may be acutely unstable, requiring urgent team at Barnes-Jewish Hospital has the most important advancement in bypass surgery in 3 to 7 percent one of the lowest restenosis rates in interventional cardiology this decade."

Outlook Wimer 2004 The Way to the Heart 13 Tiny heart attack Bach found i( hard (0 imag­ (erm benen(s of (he procedure, as Along \vi(h such impressive resul(s ine (ha( (his less invasive approach well as swdying ways (0 improve (he in (fea(ing condi(ions like CAD, would help a paciem so severely (echnique. ca(he(er-based imervemioos have afBined by HOCM (ha( he could In collabora(ion wi(h Bruce D. gone beyond clogged aneries (0 (rea( barely gee OU( of bed. Bu( i( did. Lindsay, MD, associa(e professor of ocher serious hean condi(ions. "The resul( was beyond wha( medicine, Bach recendy performed One of (he newer procedures, I ever expened," Bach recalls. "Our (he nrs( sep(al abla(ion for HOCM developed in (he early 1990s by a pa(iem's condi(ion was so ex(reme using a magne(ically guided ca(he(er. European sciemis( named Ulrich (ha( I didn'( know if we could help fns(ead of a wire, ca(he(ers used in Sigwan, relies on an unlikely

Jewish Hospi(al, helped (0 imroduce ocher pa(iems." developed by Sc. Louis-based (he procedure, called sepral abla(ion, S(ereo(axis, Inc., in collabora(ion in (he Sc. Louis region. Then a facul(y wi(h School of Medicine researchers, member a( SaiD( Louis Universi(y, Bach enables cardiologis(s (0 maneuver was pan of a (eam (ha( was among (he (he ca(he(er around panicularly sharp nrs( cemers in (he Uni(ed Scares (0 use (Vvis(s in (he aneries (ha( are difncul( sep(al abla(ion in (he (reannem of (0 naviga(e wi(h a (radi(ional, wire­ pa(iems wi(h hypenrophic obs(ruC(ive (breaded ca(he(er. cardiomyopa(hy (HOCM). Pa(ien(s wi(h HOeM have On the horizon abnormally (hick hean muscles, Washing(On Universiry cardiologis(s panicularly be(ween (he (wo lower also have been selec(ed (0 (es( (hree chambers of (he hearc. The (hick­ ca(he(er-based approaches (0 nxing ened muscle makes i( more difncul( leaky valves in (he hean and arc for (he hean (0 pump blood (0 (he Washington University evalua(ing a ca(he(er al(erna(ive (0 res( of (he body, and irs enlarged size surgical (rea(mem of a common obs(ruC(s (he passageway (hrough cardiologists at Barnes-Jewish binh dcfeC( called pa(em foramen which blood normally flows. HOeM Hospital are evaluating ovale (PFO), a eype of hole in (he of(en affens very young individuals a catheter alternative for hean (ha( is one of (he main causes and is (he leading cause of sudden plugging a hole in the heart of s([okes in people under age 55. dea(h in a(hle(es. "For (he foreseeable fu(ure, Previously, (he only op(ion for callsed by a common (here will always be complex cases ([ea(ing HOeM pa(iems who didn'( birth defect. in which open-hean surgery is (he improve wi(h drug (herapy was (0 bes( op(ion for pa(iems wi(h hean surgically remove a ponion of (he or blood vessel diseases," Bach says. enlarged hean muscle. "Bu( wha('s (ndy exci(ing - and Using sepral abla(ion, cardi­ (he reason I wem in(O imervcmional ologis(s injen 200-proof alcohol Though sep(al abla(ion doesn'( cardiology - is (ha( angioplasey

(hrough a ca(he(er imo (he branch acwally cure (he underlying condi­ allowed us (0 begin radically al(ering of (he anery (ha( feeds (he senion (ion, i( does subs(amially relieve someone's condi(ion wi(hou( surgery. of muscle obs([uc(ing blood flow. sympwms more (han 90 percem Now we're ex(ending (ha( (0 a wider The alcohol causes a localized hean of (he (ime. For (his reason, Bach's range of diseases, like HOCM and anack, killing an area of (issue abou( (eam proceeds wi(h cau(ious op(i­ rrea(mem of valvular disease and (he size of a grape. mism and is inves(iga(ing (he long­ PFOs. I( juS( keeps ge((ing be((er."O

14 The Way to the Heart Wimer 2004 Outlook

ROWING NEW ORGANS INSIDE THE BODY to take the place of damaged or diseased organs might seem like science fiction, but researchers at Washington University School of Medicine recently pushed it into the realm of science fact. Marc R. Hammerman, MD, the Chromalloy Professor of Renal Diseases in Medicine and head of the renal division at Barnes-Jewish Hospital, and Sharon A. Rogers, MS, research instructor in medicine, had previously shown that they can transplant embryonic rat tissue into adult rats and coax the tissue's growth into fully functional kidneys. In a groundbreaking experiment reponed this past summer, Hammerman and Rogers put the technology to a crucial test: Could the new kidneys sustain life in the absence of the rats' original kidneys? As Hammerman and Rogers had planned, the new kidneys kept the rats alive ror seven to eight days. ExpertS in organogenesis, a new discipline rocused on growing replacement organs inside the body, are likely to one day look back on the accomplishment as one of their fi eld's In a test of a potential new treatment for diabetes, Kitty Hawk moments. a transplant of pig pancreas cells begins producing "Seven to eight days may not seem like very long," globules of insulin (highlighted by arrows), Hammerman notes, "but I hope what we have done is Preceding 'Page: Scientists surgically removed one akin to the Wright brothers achieving heavie t-than-air of this rat's kidneys and replaced it with a transplant flight ror JUSt 59 seconds on their first try, long enough of embryonic kidney precursors, called primordia, to change the course or history. I believe it's JUSt as sig­ now growing into a new kidney inside the rat. nificant to show that lire can be preserved by a newly grown kidney ror several days. We think that our finding will change the course or medical history." o pa If successful in the years or animal and human trials to come, the new approach could ease two of the greatest obstacles wi doctors regularly co nrront in treating patients with failed trc organs: the drastic shortage or human donor organs 9 and the relendess threat or immune system rejection CO or transplan ted organs. lin The need for kidney transplants is so great - and the supply or human replacement organs so limited ­ that, on average, seven U.S. patients die every day while waiting ror a transplant. Organs rrom animals such as pigs could provide an almost limitless alternative. However, their use in humans is prevented by severe humoral rejection, an immune response humans mount against transplanted mature pig organs. Hammerman theorized that the use or embryonic precurso rs or an imal organs, rather than the mature organs themselves, would avoid the problem of humoral

16 New Origins for Organs Wimer 2004 Outlook rejection. In addition, he speculated that such transplants might require less use of immune suppression drugs, an essential step in human organ transplants that makes patients vulnerable to infections. His hunch about reduced need for immune suppres­ sion paid off early this year in his second major line of organogenesis research, focused on trcating diabetes. Hammerman's animal tissue donor of choice is the pig. Pig kidney size and function are similar to human kidneys, and human diabetes has long been successfully treated with pig insulin.

The tissues Hammerman works with are groups of embryonic cells known as primordia. Unlike stem cells, organ primordia cannot develop into just any cell type - they are locked into becoming a particular cell type or one of a set of cell types that make up an organ. "For our kidney research program, being locked into forming a kidney is very important," Hammerman says. "W/e have never had a problem with toO much "The kidney is structurally and functionally quite complex; insulin being produced," says Hammerman. it would be virtually impossible to program cells to grow In a study published early this year, Hammerman and into a functional kidney if the cells didn't already know Rogers had given two groups of diabetic rats pig pancre­ how to do it." atic primordia transplants, but th ey only gave one group Hammerman and Rogers are currently working to drugs to suppress hostile immune system responses. They perfect pig-to-rat kidney primord ia transplants. If they thought the transplants wouldn't engraft in the rats not . . ca n extend life in rats with newly grown pig kidneys gIven Immune suppressIOn. doing all the "kidney work," the nex t steps are pig-to­ When the transplants grew and functioned well in primate and then pig-to-human both immune-suppressed and non-immune-suppressed On average, seven U.S. transplants. groups, the focus of the stLId y changed to the rats that patients die every day Diabetic patients hoping to had not received immune suppress ion. The transplants be trea ted via insulin-producing restored the rats' levels of blood glucose to normal and while waiting for a islet cell transplan ts confront also restored their ability to gain weight. transplant. Organs an even sca rcer supply of avail­ "The unusual way the embryonic pancreas develops grown from animal cells able donor tissue than kidney after transplantation from one species into another appears could provide an almost patients, Hammerman notes. to make it 'invisible' to the host's immune system," says "For one thing, you can't Hammerman. "Now vve have th e theoretical possibility of limitless alternative. take a pancreas out of a living bei ng able to transplant pancreatic primordia and not patient like you can a kidney," having to bother with immunosuppression at all. he says. "Also, one pancreas doesn't give you enough "That's a long shot, but I have reason to hope it will islets to treat a diabeti c patient." apply for pig embryonic pancreas transplanted into primates Doctors need to process the pancreas to get to the and even into humans." islets, but that processing batters the cells, lowering the Hammerman hopes to see human trials for the tech­

rates at which they can successfully engraft. niques he's developing. 1.1 ): Pig pancreas primordia are relatively easy to isolate. "By the middle of this cenrUl'y, medical textbooks As they grow, they "know" how to divide into just the wiIJ have sections devoted to therapies based on growing right number of insulin-producing cells to precisely new organs," he confidently predicts. "I want our work regulate glucose levels in diabetic hosts. to be the first chapter." 0 I

Outlook Winter 20CH New Origins for Organs I 7 '. Campaign FOR Wasnington University ~ W!P.III!IWt!I ~ ~...

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An unprecedented investment in learning and discovery at Washington University in St. Louis will serve the world

BY CANDACE O'CONNOR

B EHIND T HE SUCCESS of the recently concluded "Campaign for Washington University"- which raised a breathtaking $1.55 biIlion overall, including $621 million for the School of Medicine - are thousands of individual stories that explain why so many donors were ready to be generous. Some had once been patients who received life-saving care from medical faculty; others were faculty or fri ends of the School of Medicine, wishing to support its out­ standing research. Stili others were alumni, grateful for the education that had shaped their lives and careers.

SCHOLARSHIPS Philpott Family Scholarship Susie Philpott; recipient Thomas S. Shane, Class of 2006; Gordon W. Philpott, M0 61

Outlook Winter 2004 Campaign for Washington University 19

Sunrise!

ne such donor was University alumna and "The success of the campaign long-time glaucoma sufferer, Grace Nelson O Lacy, whose gift will create a glaucoma research coupled with our tradition of center at the School of Medicine. "In the twilight of my excellence, places us prominently days, WashingtOn University has offered me an unparal­ leled opportunity to do something very dear to my heart: among the best medical schools help other people escape the misery I have gone through in the nation." with glaucoma," says Lacy, a retired educator. "I feel that my epitaph 'will read not JUSt that 'she coped ,' but that Larry J. Shapiro, MD 71 's he made a difference,'" Taken together, the gifts from Lacy and many others best medical schools in the nation," says Dean Larry J. have made possible a dazzling array of initiatives ­ Shapiro, MD 71, who succeeded William A, Peck, MD, academic and research programs, endowed professor­ in 2003, "It is difficult to describe how truly grateful we ships, student scholarships, state-of-the-art facilities are to each individual who makes the choice to suppOrt - that are moving the medical school and University us in our effortS," forward, Already they are "accelerating Washington The campaign had its roots in a planning process University's ascent," a slogan that sums up the aim of that began in 1993 under Chancellor William H. this nearly decade-long campaign, Danforth, MD, with departments around the University "While the School of Medicine has always been well se tting priorities for change, University trustees decided respected, the success of the campaign, coupled with our to mount an ambitious, $1 billion fund drive in suppo rt tradition of excel lence, places us prominently among the of this plan, They later increased the goal to $1.3 billion - and the Campaign, which would date from Chancellor NEW FACILITIES Mark WrightOn's arrival in Jul y 1995 to June 30,2004, was well under way, The medical school's portion of this McDonnell Pediatric Research Building effort would be a substantial $400 million goal, later James S, McDonnell III; Alan L Schwartz, PhD, MD, Harriett B, Spoehrer Professor and Head of Pediatrics; John F. McDonnell raised to $500 million.

Enhancing Learning & Teaching Donors made remarkable commitments toward furthering the School'S academic mission

64 endowed professorships 55 endowed scholarships 96 Scholars in Medicine and faculty fellowships awards since 1999

Outlook Wimer 2004 Campaign for Washington University 21 Campaign \:01< Washington University

~ I eading the medical school's Campaign Com mittee ~ , was trustee Andrew B. C ra ig III, who agreed to i I ; L take on this challenge because of its long-term Winning Friends impact: Campaign funds would ensure the bes t facul ty Increasingly, non-alumni friends, including faculty, and programs, which would attract the bes t students, foundations, individuals, groups and corporations, who in turn would become the bes t graduates and also support the Annual Fund -another index of the phys icians - and continue to support the medical School's reputation for excellence. school. "S uccess breeds success," says C raig, retired chairman of NationsBank and a founding partner of Ri verVest Venture Panners. "It sounds trite but it is true. I : ' \ The success of the ca mpaign will continue to build the success of the medical school and its outstanding faculty 1,643 friends supported the and leadership. " Annual Fund in the Campaign 's final year The School of Medicine's National Council , headed - more than doubling the number I ' at the time of the campaign planning and launch by from the Campaign's first year Robert J. Glaser, MD, HS 47, also was "very much behind the whole effort," says Glaser, former School of Medicine faculty member who later se rved as dean of the medical schools at the Unive rsity of Colorado and Stanford. "As Daniel Burnham, the architect who rebuilt

, I Chicago after its fire, sa id: 'M ake no small plans.' In this i I case we didn't make a small plan. It was clear that it would Annual Difference take a huge amount of money, but we were optimistic that we would get it because of the quality of the place The Annual Fund allows the School to maximize and of its work." the day-to-day advancement of the institution and First, the School developed a strong fund-raising address unanticipated opportunities. In the final structure with key vo luntee rs as committee heads, among year of the campaign, Annual Fund supporters them Emily L. Smith, MD 68, who chaired the School capped off years of steady growth with over of Medicine's Annual Fund throughout the nine years $2.7 million - an all-time record! In all, more of the campaign. These vo lunteers wo rked with the than $17 million in gifts were made to the Annual School's energetic development staff, headed by Randy Fund during the course of the campaign. Farmer. But perhaps the most active participant of all was Peck, who traveled tirelessly to tell the Schoo l's stOry to alumni groups. "Dr. Peck is a development officer's drea m," says Farmer, associate vice chancellor and director of Medical Alumni and Development. "H e never passed up an opportunity to talk with a donor and tell them about the outstanding work happening at the School of Medicine." Many committee chairs and members made major gifts themselves, then asked colleagues to do the same. Robert C. Drews, MD 55, co-chair of th e alumni com­ mittee with Gordon W Philpott, MD 6 1, offered the "Drews Challenge," a gift of $50,000 if 50 new Eliot

22 Campaign for Washington University Wi n ref' 2004 Outlook Sunrise!

Thanks to the hard work Neighborhood H ea lth Clin ic . Al ong with med ical alumni, others took part in the Annual Fund, includ ing of Campaign volunteers, the alumni from the programs in O ccupational Therapy, School of Medicine has realized Physical Therapy and H ealth Administration, as we ll as the former Washington Unive rsity School of Nursing. dreams that would not Students participated as weI\. Fourth-year cl ass .i otherwise have come true. members from recent years pledged $25 or $50, payabl e over fi ve years, and the 69 percent participation by the Society members joined - and 77 actuall y signed up C lass of 2003 was the highest on record. Foundati ons by making gifts of $ 1 ,000 or more. The late psychiatry and corpora ti ons also stepped forward , some with pioneer Sa muel B. Guze, MD 45, rea li zed a long- time majo r suppo rt. The D anforth Foundation gave an dream when he endowed a professorshi p in his fi eld ; ex traordinarily generous $30 millio n to the medical then, as an avid volunteer, he regul arly had lu ncheons school and $ 100 million overall- the sin gle la rges t with classmates and co ll eagues co ask fo r their support. fo undatio n gift. Emerso n's C haritabl e Trust and the The Annual Fund contributed to every campaign Anheuser-Busch Fo undation provided a vital chall enge goal, from buildings to scholarships. For example, more gift to the Si teman Cancer Center to enabl e the expan­ than $2.2 million raised by the An nual Fund over the sion of cance r research space and programs. Pfizer course of the campaign Rowed thro ugh the University's provi ded important funds for student community Medical Center Alumni Associati on and helped sup­ service th ro ugh the Young Scientist Program. POrt a range of studen t projects, including the Forum for Internatio nal H ealth and Tro pical Medi cin e, ENDOWED PROFESSORSHIPS Students Teaching AIDS to Students, and the Saturday Ira C. and Judith Gall Professorship in Obstetrics and Gynecology Judith Gall; professorship holder David G. Mutch, MD 80; Ira C. Gall, MD, HS Campaign FOR Washington University

the years ti cked by, rhe campaign rotal burgeoned. In 1998, rhe Universiry publicly announced the A drive wi rh $54 1 million in hand from irs "quier Growing Tradition phase,"and rhar Seprember held a gala kick-off ar America's Cenrer. By 2001 rh e amou nr raised had reached $ 1 billion; Eliot Society members provide generous, two years larer, $1.3 billion. The School of Medicine's annual, flexible support. roral also grew significantly, consisrently represenring ,' about 40 percenr of rhe whole. T he ea rl y parr of rhe campaign went quickly, says Floyd E. Bloom, MD 60, chairman of rh e Department of Neuropharmacology at Scripps Research Insriture, 50 percent growth over the who rook over leadership of rhe School of Medicine's course of the campaign: Narional Council from Glaser. Earlier he had headed A record 818 members last fiscal year rhe San Diego regional cabiner, one of rhe firsr regions ro meer irs goal. "1 would say rhar 95 percenr of rhe effort was, in retrospect, relarively easy," he says, "bur rhe lasr five percenr was by far the most difficult. "

RES EAR CHI C E NT E R S Siteman Cancer Center Ruth and Alvin J. Site man

24 Campaign for Was hington Univers ity W i mer 2004 Outlook Sunrise!

VOLUNTEERS & PHILANTHROPY Philanthropist Edith Wolff with her advisor and former physician, I. Jerome Fiance , M0 35

One alumnus, suffe ri ng from amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), chose to fund a professorship in neurology as a way of furthering ALS research. The School's scholarshi p su pport also rose dram ati ­ cally, with new programs like the $5 million William A. Peck MD Scholars in M edicine fund for medical students. Some donors of endowed scholarships were impelled by their memory of pas t kindnesses. 1. Jerome Fiance, MD 35, a donor and volunteer, recalled the medical giants who taught him and his class m ates, including such greats as Mildred Trotter, Carl Cori, Barry Wood, and Evarts Graham. Another alumnus recalled the welcome he had received long ago when other m edica l schools turned him away. As a yo ung man, he had escaped from Nazi Germany and arrived in the United States, eager to become a physician. The School of Medicine invited him He and others weoe to great lengths to make the to attend - and a fellow emigre on the facu lty even gave case for the campaign goals. While serving as chair of the him th e eoerance exam in German. Throughout his long School of Medicine's Eli ot Society, James E. M arks, MD career, he never forgot what this opportunity had m eant 65, personally signed hundreds of letters to alumni and to him, and during the campaign he gave it to other fo rmer hOllse staff urging them to join the Elio t Society. students by es tablishing a scholarship in honor of his And they did: In the fin al year of the campaign , the parents, who perished in the Holocaust. Society attracted a record 2 16 new members. "Thanks to the generous support of so many indi­ Thanks to everyone's hard work, the School of Medicine viduals, corporations and foundations, we are able to h as realized dreams that would no t o therwise have come move quiclJy into the newest frontier of medicine," true. Much-needed facilities were built, including the says Shapiro. "Our BioMed 21 initiative is aimed at McDonnell Pediatric Research Building; the Farrell Learning harnessing the promise of genome science and imaging and Teaching Center, now under construction, which will technology by fostering many interdisciplinary collabora­ all ow collaborative education; multidisciplinary ceoeers, tions among University faculty. We believe this interface such as the Alvin]. Siteman Cancer Center, that m ake will res ult in some of the most health-altering advances If: possible exciting research and clinical care. in med icine during the decade to come." 0 Endowed professorships and faculty fellowships have increased from 60 to 124 with additions such as the Dr. Robert C. Atkins Professorship in M edicine and Obesity Research held by Nada A. Abumrad, PhD, and ThankYou! the Dr. ]. William Campbell Professorship in M edicine, es tablished by John Doerr III and Ann Howland Doerr, For supporting teaching, patient care and research at held by V ictoria Fraser, MD. Many donors regard such Washington University School of Medicine giving as a privilege, a chance to further medical science.

Outlook Wincer 2004 Campaign for Washington Universi ty 25 Industrious and driven

FTER BEING ACCEPTED TO THE SCHOOL Making the most of a OF MEDICINE in December of 1999, I quickly _liIl began exploring opportunities to do research during medical education by the summer before my first year. Though I studied following his own path chemical engineering as an undergraduate, I also developed an interest in neuroscience. I was pleased to discover the amount of research being performed at the medical school and found myself particularly drawn toward those laboratories that used imaging to BY JIM KEllY study how the brain functions. Unfortunately, as I got in touch with various investigators, I realized that without any research experience in the field, I was not a particularly desirable candidate.

During my second attempt to I was encouraged by the admin­ contact Dr. Randy Buckner, prin­ istration of the medical school to cipal investigator of the university's apply for a Howard Hughes Medical Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Institute research feJlowship and we had a short conversation. He was fortunate to receive one. After asked if I had any programming completing my second year of experience, and I replied that I had medical school, I was delighted to some experience in one particular interrupt my preparations for the language. He then informed me board exam with a trip to Japan, that he had a project on which he where I presented my work at a sci­ could use the help of someone famil­ en tiflc conference. After taking the iar with that language. He asked, exam, I began full-time work in the "Are you industrious?" to which I C ognitive Neuroscience LaboratOry. replied, ''I'd like to think so." He My experience in the lab, like finaJly invited me to meet with him. my experience during the first Ultimately, I spent that summer and twO years of medical school, was the next working under Dr. Buckner both demanding and educational. Fourth-year medical student and former on that project. Compared with my preclinical stud­ Howard Hughes research fellow Jim Kelly I enjoyed my experience work­ ies, however, I felt an added level of ing with Dr. Buckner's group for responsibili ty. Instead of studying those two summers. I knew, how­ to pass exams, I now had to report ever, that I wanted take on a larger regularly to my boss and thesis project, having concentrated mainly committee, as well as prepare several on programming up to that point. formal presentations throughout the I had heard about the School of year. Though the expectations were Medicine's five-year, combined MAl high, I now appreciate them for the MD program and decided to appJy. challenge they provided.

26 Student Stage Wincer 2004 Outlook '~im Kelly is a triple threat: clinical background, technical skills, and The style of my research was the ability to integrate and apply them to timely scientific Questions. What is different from that of many fellow so remarkable about Jim is his breadth of interests and skills. He has been medical students worlcing tOward a contributor to the laboratory from his first summer:' Randy L. Buckner, PhD, graduate degrees. Whereas most of associate professor of anatomy and neurobiology, psychology and of radiology, with Jim Kelly. them did their work at the cellular or molecular level, my experiment was done on humans performing for Neuroscience conference, where difficult, but not unmanageable. a psychological task. Specifically, I I gave a talk to roughly 200 people. Whenever people ask me whether I examined how visual information is Toward the end of the year, I trav­ would do things similarly now, the processed in visual cortex with and eled to Bethesda MD to meet with answer is "yes." I rook advanrage of without the distraction of noise. Howard Hughes medical student a wonderful opportunity, and my While our approaches differed, fellows from other institutions and medical education has been enriched. both methods of research provided learn abour their experiences. Currently, I am interviewing the same valuable lessons regarding Later, I was pleasantly surprised for a spot in a radiology residency, the proper way ro do science: back­ to learn that my research, presented and I know that the slcills and ground learning, hypothesis genera­ at this meeting, would be rewarded approaches gained during my year tion, experiment development, data with a full-tuition scholarship from of research will benefit me during analysis, presentation skills, etc. Howard Hughes Medical Institute this training. I plan ro pursue my My research year also offered me for the remainder of my medical research inrerests ro the extenr pos­ the opportunity to travel and attend school career. sible during residency, as well as conferences. Besides Japan, I went to Returning to clinical work after afterward, when I plan ro work at New Orleans for the annual Society a year of specialized research was an academic medical cenrer. 0

Outlook Winter 2004 Student Stage 27 Backon Alumnae of the School of Nursing gathered campus this fall at Washington University Medical Center for an all-class reunion.

Jeanne Grigg Mill, NU 45, warmly greets a fellow alumna.

Jane Ann Sawyer, NU 50, Mary Lou Gerhart Childress, Dean Larry Shapiro, MD 71, congratulates Jo Carner NU 51, and Alice Layman Roam , NU 50 , catch up after Boggs, NU 53 , on her 50th reunion . findi ng each other at the re ceptio n.

Barbara (Bobbie) Thompson, NU 48, chats with classmate Doris Barr Schroer about the chan ges Cora Glauser, NU 47, welcomes classmates Janet Hue cke l and Carol Lee Coa ts back to St. Louis. they 'll see on the Medi cal Center walking tour.

Mary M. Westberg, NU 53, listens to stories of Graduates and guests of the Class of 1945 enjoy the food , nursing school from more than 50 years ago. the fun , and especially each other's company.

28 Alumni & Development W inter 2004 Outlook PHOTOS BY MARK BEAVEN

1957 graduates Gennie Mason, Eleanor Schorr McRea Fifty-year graduates Hazel Worthington Worrell and Mary Jean Sheperd McDonald and Gwen Hibbits Douglas catch up with each other. display the banner that has been part of their regular gatherings for many years. J­

Nursin g al umna e from 1953, pi ctured, gath er to celebrate th eir 50th reunion. Th e event also honored the Classes of 1954 and 1955.

Betty Goodman Lang, Trudy Camp Braun and Nadine Hardy marvel at classmate Sue Dutton's "South Kingshighway," which she wrot e and pe rfo rm ed to reca ll th eir 1950s stude nt da ys. Maxine Steen Chamb ers, NU 48, shows cla ssmate Al ice Paul Green a little li gh t rea ding .

Honoring a profession, renewing friendships, remembering times gone by.

Ou tl ook Winrer 2004 ------,~~

Second Century awardees honored

he 2004 Second Century Awards were presented at T a dinner at St. Louis' Ritz Carlton Hotel on September 17, 2004. The awards, bestowed annually since 1991, mark the School of Medicine's entry into its second hundred years of leadership in patient care, teaching and research.

George W. Couch III is chairman, presi­ dent and chief executive officer of Couch Distributing Company, Inc., in Watsonville CA, a wholesale bev­ erage distributor featuring Anheuser­ Second Century Award recipients George W. Couch III and Steven l. Teitelbaum, MD 64. Busch products. He is also a director ofTriad Broadcasting Company, LLC, Couch is a brother of the late number of molecules that regulate in Monterey, which owns and oper­ Gregory B. Couch, in whose mem­ osteoclast activity and are potential ates 49 broadcast radio properties in ory the Couch family established a therapeutic targets in the prevention eight U.S. markets. professorship in psychiatry at the of osteoporosis. After graduating from high School of Medicine in 1986. George Teitelbaum has published more school in St. Louis, Couch earned Couch III and his wife, Debra, also than 250 articles in major journals, an AB degree in economics with have established an endowment to among them the journal ofClinical great distinction from Stanford support schizophrenia research and Investigation, Nature and Science. University and was elected to Phi are Life Patrons in the Eliot Society. He serves on a number of editorial Beta Kappa. He then went to the boards and is associate editor of the Harvard Graduate School of Business Steven L. Teitelbaum, MD 64, is journal ofCellular BiochemistlY and Administration, where he earned a the Wilma and Roswell Messing consulting editor of the journal of master's in business administration Professor of Pathology at the School Bone and joint SurgelY. with a concentration on finance. of Medicine. He also is a member A member of the International Active in civic and community of the Division of Biology and Academy of Pathology as well as affairs, Couch currently serves as Biomedical Sciences, and he serves other professional organizations, president of the Community as a pathologist at Barnes-Jewish Teitelbaum is currently serving as Foundation of Santa Cruz County. Hospital and St. Louis Shriners a member of the National Arthritis He is a trustee of the Community Hospital for Crippled Children. and Musculoskeletal and Skin Hospital Foundation and Commun­ Teitelbaum earned his MD at Diseases Advisory Council at the ity Hospital of the Monterey Washington University in 1964 and National Institutes of Health. Peninsula and of the Leon and has been on the faculty since 1968. The Washington University Sylvia Panetta Institute for Public A leader in studying bone cells Medical Center AJumni Association Policy at California State University, and degeneration characteristic of named a Distinguished AJumni Monterey Bay. Since 1999, Couch osteoporosis, Teitelbaum and his Scholarship for Teitelbaum in 1997. has served Washington University as team have focused on the osteoclast, In 2002-03, he was president of the a member of the advisory National a cell whose activity is the cause of Federation of American Societies for Council for the School of Medicine. osteoporosis. They have identified a Experimental Biology.

30 Alumni & Development Winter 2004 Outlook Optimism fuels Eliot Society membership challenge

he Eliot Society membership committee for the School of Medicine launched this year's efforts at Tthe annual Eliot Society Kickoff in September. Chairman Morron E. Smith, MD, HS 64, hosted the event and outlined the committee's new membership goals to those presen r. They face a unique challenge: This year's School of Medicine Eliot Society included a record-setting 216 i" new members, either making an Eliot gift for the first time or returning Diving into their work: William W. Clark, PhD; Paul A. Mennes, MD 70; to the Eliot Society after Marvin E. Levin, MD 51; Stuart B. Boxerman, DSc; Dolores P. Wolff, MD 59. an absence. The commit­ tee, in response, has set Committee members also heard from executive vice the goal of surpassing this chancellor for medical affairs and dean Larry]. Shapiro, extraordinary mark. MD 71, who reviewed the past academic year, discussed Larry J. Shapiro, MD 71, executive vice Throughout the year, the school's future and made a point of recognizing the chancellor for medical affairs and dean committee members will important role the Eliot Society and its members play of the School of Medicine, flanked by be contacting colleagues in the school's continued ascent. committee chair Morton E. Smith, M0, and classmates, personally The committee's nearly 30 members include MD HS 64, fields questions from fellow inviting them to join the alumni, former house staff and faculty, as well as repre­ committee members. Eliot Society by making sentatives from the Programs in Health Administration, an annual fund gift of $1,000 or more to \X'ashingron Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, and Audiology University School of Medicine. and Communication Sciences.

MD Reunion 2005 Coming soon to the medical center! The dates: May 12-14, 2005. The event: MD Reunion Everyone scheduled to celebrate Reunion 2005 will be 2005. For up-to-the-moment information, please visit hearing from classmates about plans for social events, the web site: medicine.wustl.edu/alumni. continuing medical education and other activities.

1945 John C. Herweg, M0, social chair 1965 James E. Marks, MO, social chair 1980 Jeffrey B. Kramer, MO, social chair Margaret C. Telfer, M0, gift chair James W. Fleshman Jr., MO, and 1950 Maurice J. Lonsway Jr., M0, and David G. Mutch, M0, gift chairs Meredith J. Payne, MD, social chairs 1970 Francisco J. Garriga, M0, Elmer B. Brown Jr., M0, and social chair, 1985 Herluf G. Lund Jr., M0, social chair Joseph H. Iwano, M0, gift chairs Paul A. Mennes, M0, gift chair Neville F. Ford, M0, gift chair

1955 Miles C. Whitener, MO, social chair 1975 Oavid B. Clifford, M0, social chair 1990 Linda R. Peterson, MO, Robert C. Orews, MO, and Jo-Ellyn M. Ryall, MO, gift chair social and gift chair Frederick T. Kraus, M0, gift chairs 1995 Ann E. Starr, M0, social chair 1960 Gustav Schonfeld, M0, social chair See you there! Martha S. Terry, M0, gift chair

Outlook Winrer 2004 Alumni & Development 31 Carl A. Rosenbaum, MD 27, Out ofMind, was published in 2004 ical care for fans and athletes, writing was honored Ocrober 2, by Nova Science Publishers. In it, he disaster plans and medical operation 20S2004, as the oldest resi­ explores an overlooked aspect of the plans. I have written several articles dent and physician in Pulaski County at "Greatest Generation" - the psycho­ (disaster planning, lighting detection a dinner marking the 40th anniversary logical effect of war on an army of system, EMS for student athletes) for of Presbyterian Village Retirement enlisted soldiers who often faced the athletic journals." A cardiologist, Community in Little Rock AR, where gunfire and death for the first time. Dace lives in Gainesville. Rosenbaum, who celebrated his 105th Gottschalk chronicles his days as a Wilson A. Heefner, MD, HS 62, birthday on May 18, has lived since military psychiatrist at the United reports "After retiring from my practice 1994. He retired in 1970, after practic­ States Public Health Service Hospital of pathology in 1988 and earning a ing general surgery since 1929 and from 1944 to 1946, where he diag­ master of arts degree from the Universiry teaching at the University of Arkansas nosed and treated more than 1,500 of Hawaii in U.S. history, I began a for Medjcal Sciences for 30 years. patients. He is internationally known second career as a military historian/ During World War 1, he enlisted in the for developing a computerized content author. In 2002, my second book, Army, serving in the Student Army analysis method applicable to verbal Patton's Bulldog: The Lift and Service (if' Training Corp at Hendrix CoUege as an samples and written texts as well as General ~/ton H. ~/ker, was pub­ orderly for physicians during the 1918 basic and clinical research in neuropsy­ lished. I am now working on a biogra­ flu epidemic. That experience led him chopharmacology and psychotherapy. phy of General Lucian K. Truscott, Jr." inro medicine and, after earning a pre­ Heefner lives in Stockton CA. med degree from the University of Jules A. Kernen, MD 55, Karen lewis, MD 80, Arkansas, he was accepted at ~vrites d:at he is recently authored a Washington University. A family friend 50S becomll1g progres­ book of humorous paid his tuition, $400 for all his four sively incapacitated by Parkjnson's and 80S verse, Pestilent Poetry, subtitled How to years in medical school. A talented associated postural instabiliry. My Be Well- Versed in lnftctious Diseases or musician, he paid his living expenses by activities are severely curtailed and From AIDS to Zits and Some Stu./fin singing in the choir of St. Peter's travel is impossible, but I am still Between. The book, published by Episcopal Church, waiting tables and, hanging in there with the help of my Hedonja & Baer Publishers, includes eventually, by working as an orderly in a wife, Rita, to avoid invalidism." 43 poems with such titles as hospital. After graduation he did further Kernen lives in Glendale CA and is a "Antibiotic AngSt," "Hookworm," and training in surgery, performed at retired pathologist. "Pasteurella multocida." Lewis is emer­ Barnard Free Skin and Cancer Hospital, Roger J. Meyer, MD 55, reports that gency preparedness medical coordina­ before returning to Arkansas. He was his 150th publication, Poulsbo Past tor in the Office of Public Health instrumental in the creation of a State Times, has sold all its edition. Proceeds Emergency Preparedness and Response Cancer Commission by an Act of the sponsored a college scholarship and at the Arizona Department of Health General Assembly in 1945, which contributed to five local museums. Services in Phoenix. Prior to talung reswted in the establishment of clinics It chronicles the early days of North that position, she spent 16 years as a ro provide early detection and treatment Kitsap counry and its medical, farm­ pediatric infectious disease specialist. of cancer ro those who could not other­ ing, lumber and maritime history. She also serves as immunization chair­ wise have afforded such medical COSts. Meyer is clinical professor of pediatrics and public health at the Universiry of man for the Arizona chapter of the louis A. Gottschalk, MD 43, Washington. He lives in Poulsbo WA. American Academy of Pediatrics. PhD, emeritus professor Keith l. Parker, MD, PhD 81, recently Melvin C. Dace, MD 62, Sof psychiatry and received the 2004 Research Award 40 writes "In 1996 I was human behavior, continues in active from the Society for the Study of practice at the GottSchalk Medical 60 Sappointed assistant Reproduction. This annual award Plaza, Universiry of California at chief medical officer of the 1996 recognizes active society members for Irvine, and in research in neuropsy­ Olympic Games. I had to move to outstanding research published dur­ chiatry and the neurosciences. He Atlanta for six months to perform this ing the previous six years. Parker is has published 211 journal articles, dury. Since then I have been the chief professor of internal medicine and I 12 book chapters, and 25 boo ks. of stadium medical operations for the pharmacology at the University of Universiry of Florida GatOl·s. My His latest book, World ~r 11: Neuro­ Texas Southwestern Medical Center psychiatry Casualties. Out ofSight, responsibility includes setting up med­ at Dallas. His research is dedicated to

32 Alumni & Development Winter 2004 Outlook understanding the mechanisms that young faculty, all within a mile of the pediatrics at Washington University. control the development and func­ beach. Thanks to the great launch His interest in social issues related tion of the adrenal glands, ovaries and Wash U. provided me." to science and medicine led him to testes. One major focLls is a molecule become politically active, and he was called steroidogenic factor 1 (SF- 1). Susan Rous O'Bryan, PT 90, a founding member of Physicians for He is the son of Charles W. Parker, and her husband, Social Responsibility, an international MD 53, and Mary l. Parker, MD 53, 90S Scott, announce the group committed to ending nuclear of St. Louis. birth of son Ethan Scott on May 28, arms that won a Nobel Peace Prize in Patrick Meehan, MD 82, has accepted 2004. O'Bryan is a pediatric physical 1985. After retiring from his practice, the position of medical director for therapist at C1arian Health in he moved to Los Angeles in 1979, the Santa Cruz (CA) Women's Health Indianapolis, working on the pediatric joined the volunteer faculty at the Center. Bilingual in Spanish, he has rehab unit. UCLA medical school, worked as a extensive experience in public health Jenifer Wilfong, PT 95, married doctor at a juvenile hall detention cen­ and was formerly deputy director for Ronald Druien on September 18, ter and continued his peace activism. program at the National Center for 2004. They live in Byron IL with her He worked until his medical license Environmental Health at the Centers 7 -year-old son, Alex. expired at age 95. Among his survivors for Disease Control and Prevention in Melissa Curtis, PT 96, writes, "Brian are his wife, Jeanne, whom he married Atlanta. Meehan is married to pedia­ and I would like to announce the when he was 80; a son, Stephen Londe, trician Diana Wells, MD. arrival of Mathieu Foster on August MD 63; a daughter, Helen Londe, MD; William H. Julien, MD 86, was fea­ 24, 2004. He joins big brother and several grandchildren. His first tured in a recent article on Diagnostic Nicolas, 2 1/2. I would love to hear "vi fe, Rose Sanel, died in the 1970s. Imaging Online that describes his from classmates." Curtis lives in Mary Neal Meinberg, NU 27, died of independent practice as a new model Saginaw MI. pneumonia and respiratory failure on for interventional radiology ptacti­ Armand H. Matheny January 6, 2004, in Mission Hills CA tioners who traditionally practiced Antommaria, MD 00, PhD, at the age of 97. Among her survivors within diagnostic radiology groups or is a brother, Leon Driskill. Swas recently promoted within vascular surgery or interven­ 00 Ruth D. McCune, NU 30, died August to assistant professor in the division tional cardiology groups. Interviewed 28, 2004. She lived in Iowa City lA. of pediatric inpatient medicine and at the annual meeting of the Society of Joseph B. Kendis, MD 33, died adjunct assistant professor in the divi­ Interventional Radiology in Phoenix September 27, 2004, in St. Louis at sion of medical ethics at the University in March 2004, Julien describes the age of 96. At age 13, he was diag­ him­ of Utah School of Medicine. He also self as "a board-certified interventional nosed with cancer and was sent to recently published in the Hastings radiologist who performs full-time Barnes Hospital, where he had surgery Center Report and the American Journal endovascular surgery." Julien left his to remove his leg. That experience led ofBioethics. Antommaria lives in Salt position with a radiology group in him to decide to become a doctor. Lake City. 2001, opening South Florida Vascular After graduation from the School of Associates outside Ft. Lauderdale to Medicine, he engaged in general medi­ develop a clinical practice. He has IN MEMORY cal practice for 20 years, then attended developed programs for in-office treat­ Yale University to study the treatment ment of varicose veins and carotid Sol Londe, MD 27, died October 21, of alcohol and substance abuse. He artery stenting and also does renal, 2004, of pneumonia at his home became a pioneer in this treatment visceral and lower extremity arterial in Reseda CA at the age of 100. A and in 1966 became medical direc­ revascularization. pediatrician, Londe pioneered research tor of a 30-bed detoxification center Charles F. Chandler, MD 88, writes in childhood hypertension and was at the former St. Mary's Infirmary in that he has survived (and enjoyed) his known for helping develop the St. Louis. He also held classes at the first year as chief of general surgery methods used to accurately measure police academy, teaching officers how at the Santa Monica-UCLA Medical blood pressure in children. He served to distinguish between drunkenness, Center, where he maintains a busy in the Army Air Force medical unit epileptic seizures and diabetic comas. practice and coordinates resident during World War II before going In 1974, Kendis became the first med­ education. He says, ''I'm fortunate into private practice in St. Louis ical direcror of the Hyland Center at to work with great residents, superb and becoming a clinical professor of St. Anthony's Medical Center, the first

Outlook Winter 2004 Alumni & Development 33 ------

privare center for alcoholism and drug Association. His survivors include his also was a founding member of the abuse in the area. After retiring from wife of 65 years, Martha Jane, a son community advisory board for the that position in 1988, he continued a and a daughter, three grandchildren Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center at part-time practice in St. Louis County. and four great-grandchildren. Washington University and Barnes­ Kendis was an avid photographer and William D. Seybold, MD, HS 41, died Jewish Hospital. Loeb was a past presi­ winner of a number of photography September 13,2004. He had been a dent of the American Cancer Society contests. His survivors include his cardiothoracic surgeon in Texas. and had served on a number of advi­ wife of 68 years, Lois Erber Kendis, Ruth Schreiber Freedman, MD 42, sory and study groups for the National a daughter, Margie Horowitz, three died after a long illness in Colorado on Cancer Institute. Between 1970 and grandchildren and three great-grand­ August 23, 2004, at age 88. She was 1983, he was appointed a liaison children. the first woman ophthalmologist to member of the National Cancer William Coleman Pratt, MD 38, died graduate from Washington University. Advisory Board from the American April 12,2004, in Tulsa OK, where She practiced and taught residents in Association for Cancer Research and he had a distinguished career as a sur­ St. Louis until her retirement at age 70 the American Society of Clinical geon. Following graduation from med­ and was emeritus instructor in clinical Oncology. He also served as a liaison ical school, he interned at Geisinger ophthalmology and visual sciences at member from the American College of Memorial Hospital in Pennsylvania, the School of Medicine. Her husband, Physicians to the Commission on where he met his wife, Elva, a nursing Harold Freedman, MD, died in 1977. Cancer of the American College of student. He interrupted his surgical They had twO sons, Philip of Edwards Surgeons and the American Joint residency to serve five years in the U.S. CO and Howard of Sammamish WA, Committee on Cancer. Among his Army during World War II, for which both physicians who survive her, as survivors are his wife, Elizabeth, twO he was awarded the European African does a sister, Helen Unterberger of daughters and two sons, two step­ Middle Eastern Service Medal with St. Louis. Like his mother, Howard daughters and two stepsons, and other three batrle stars and a Bronze Star. Freedman, MD, HS 77, did his oph­ relatives. His first wife, Lenore Harlow After completing residency, he did a thalmology residency at Washington Loeb, died in 1987. Tributes may be fellowship at the Mayo Clinic, earning University. She was a Life Master made to the research department in a master of science degree in surgery level bridge player and had traveled hematology and oncology at from the University of Minnesota. extensively, taking her last cruise in the Washington University School of Pratt practiced surgery at the Springer spring of 2004. It was her wish that Medicine or to John Burroughs Clinic in Tulsa for 29 years. He was donations in her memory be made to School, 755 S. Price Road, St. Louis, a Fellow of the American College of Washington University's Department MO 63124. Surgeons and of the Southwestern of Ophthalmology. Martin M. Calodney, MD, HS 47, Surgical Congress. An accomplished Donald l. Meamber, MD 42, died died of congestive heart failure and artist, Pratt appreciated the beauty of October 6, 2004. He practiced family pneumonia in Aventura FL on July nature and the fine arts and was proud medicine in California. 27, 2004, at the age of 93. He served of his Cherokee heritage. His wife of Virgil "Bud" loeb Jr., MD 44, profes­ in the armed services during World 63 years survives, along with three sor emeritus of clinical medicine at War II and then spent his entire daughters and three sons. Washington University School of medical career in St. Louis, maintain­ Harold K. Roberts, M0, HS 41, Medicine, died at his home in St. Louis ing a private practice and serving died of heart disease on October 7, on October 26, 2004, from complica­ as a member of the clinical faculty 2004, in University City MO. He tions of congestive heart failure. He of the Department of Pediatrics at was 93. A native of Ohio, he came was 83. After his graduation in 1944, Washington University School of to Barnes Hospital for his residency Loeb served overseas as a captain in the Medicine for many years. His sur­ after graduation from medical school U.S. Army Medical Corps, then began vivors include two physician sons, at Ohio State University, then prac­ his distinguished career in hematology Aaron Calodney, MD, and leonard ticed internal medicine in St. Louis and medical oncology. In addition to Calodney, MD 69, and two daughters, for 45 years and was on the clinical teaching, he was an attending physician Ellen Calodney and Dede Berg, 10 staff at Washington University School andlor consultant at Barnes Hospital, grandchildren and other relatives. His of Medicine. For 28 years, he super­ The Jewish Hospital of St. Louis, wife, Rose, preceded him in death. vised the diabetes clinic at St. Luke's St. Luke's Hospital, St. John's Mercy Memorials may be made to the Rose Hospital, and he was a past presi­ Medical Center and the Veterans Calodney Yiddish Cultural Fund or , dent of the Missouri State Diabetic Administration Medical Center. He Planned Parenthood.

34 Alumni & Development Winter 2004 Outlook Barbara Waggener Hinson, NU 47, where he served for 32 years. There loy Wynne Rose Hamann, NU 54, died died September 12, 2004. She lived in he conducted research on the healing July 9, 2004. She had lived in Granby Maryville MO. of burn wounds (he authored more CO. Annadelle Steffen Sweiger, NU 47, than 100 articles) and taught surgery Hugh F. "Sid" Keister, MD 59, died died August 6, 2004, after a lengthy residents in addition to his clinical August 16,2004, at Barnes-Jewish illness. She lived in Plattsburg MO for work. He was a past president of the Hospital after a long battle with many years before moving to Maple American Burn Association. In his Parkinson's disease. He was 71. An Valley WA. In Plattsburg, she was very leisure time, Caldwell was an avid fly anesthesiologist at Barnes Hospital, he active in the youth department of the fisherman and birder. Among his sur­ also had a private practice at St. Luke's First Christian Church. For many vivors are his wife of 57 years, Bettye Hospital West and served for a time as years, she and her husband, James McDonald Caldwell, twin children, an instructor at Washington University Sweiger, MD 48, raised and showed Paul and Elizabeth, and their fami­ School of Medicine. He retired in horses. He survives her. Other survivors lies. The Fred T. Caldwell, Jr., MD, 1997. He is survived by his wife of include three children, grandchildren Symposium, held at the University 42 years, Anne Stephanie Keister, two and other relatives. of Arkansas on June 12, 2004, hon­ daughters, two sons and three grand­ Helen Ackerman Stokinger, MD 48, ored his memory. Memorials may be children. Contributions may be made a pulmonary disease specialist and made to the Bettye and Fred Caldwell to the American Parkinson's Disease former faculty member at the Scholarship or to the Department of Association, Greater St. Louis Chapter. University of Cincinnati School of General Surgery there. laura Jeane Downey Bell, NU 62, died Medicine, died September 7,2004, lucille Emmons Walter, NU 53, GN 66, in St. Louis MO on September 15, 2004. in Cincinnati. died August 7, 2004, in St. Louis, MO. Edward L. Pinney Jr., MD 49, died Mary Oglesby Finley, NU 53, died of non-Hodgkins lymphoma on December 3, 2003, in Huntsville AL. FACULTY September 27, 2004, at his home in Cordia Grunewald, OT 53, of Florissant Falling Waters WV, at the age of 78. MO, died October 16,2004. Gregory J. Gurtner, MD, HS 97, died in After serving in the U.S. Navy, he Donald L. Detter, MD 53, died of St. Louis MO on August 11, 2004, completed his psychiatry residency gastric cancer on August 19, 2004, from complications of melanoma. at Brooklyn State Hospital and sub­ at the age of 80. He studied electrical He was 36. Before joining the faculty sequently practiced in West Virginia engineering before serving in the U.S. at Washington University, he did his until he retired. He was a Life Air Force, eventually overseeing a residency in internal medicine and a Fellow of the American Psychiatric radar unit in France, where he met fellowship in gastroenterology here. ij Association and a Fellow of the New Joana D 'Arancha, who became his He practiced at the Siteman Cancer !, York Academy of Medicine. Survivors wife. After his military service he Center, specializing in gastrointestinal include his wife of 15 years, Frances, earned both bachelor's and medical oncology, inflammatory bowel disease three children from a previous mar­ degrees at Washington University, and gastroenterology. He was working riage, and two grandchildren. and engaged in family practice for on the development of new treatments Fred T. Caldwell Jr., MD 50, died 10 years. In 1982, he became board­ for immune mediated intestinal disor­ of congestive heart failure on April certified in allergy and immunology ders and worked until several days 26, 2004, in Little Rock AR at the and became an assistant professor before his death. Gurtner, who held age of 79. He retired in 1999 from of allergy at Saint Louis University an undergraduate degree in anthropol­ his position as professor of surgery Hospital. Away from medicine, his ogy and music, was an accomplished at the University of Arkansas for interests included scuba diving, tennis musician as well as a physician and Medical Sciences and director of the and ham radio. He won fame in his scientist. He earned his medical degree Burn Center at Arkansas Children's boyhood as the yo-yo champion of from New York Medical College. Hospital. Caldwell interrupted his St. Louis. His wife survives, along Survivors include his mother, Nancy surgery residency at Washington with a daughter, two sons and other Gurtner of Ridgefield CT, and a University to serve in the U.S. Army. relatives. Memorial contributions brother, Dr. Geoffrey Gurtner of After completing his training, he spent may be made to the Hospice Manhattan. Memorials are suggested 10 years at the Upstate Medical Center Foundation of Greater St. Louis. to the American Cancer Society or of the State University of New York in the Crohn's and Colitis Foundation Syracuse before moving to Arkansas, of America.

Outlook Winter 2004 Alumni & Development 35 Jackson Johnson, Edward Mallinckrodt Jr., Spencer T. Olin . .. The list goes on. What a Legacy!

Have you thought about the legacy YOU can create at Washington University?

Many of your fellow alumni and friends of the School of Medicine are shaping the future of Washington University through the plans they are putting in place today... plans that will leave a legacy for future students, faculty and society.

"My life has been devoted to medicine and Washington University School of

Medicine gave me a great start. I am so glad to be able to give something back to the school that gave me this wonderful foundation for such a rewarding career."

- Nancy Newlin, MD 62

Nancy and Henry Newlin want to continue the Please help the Legacy of legacy of Washington University and all it does. Washington University continue. To ensure their support continues, they have Contact the Office of Planned Giving provided a bequest to tlle School of Medicine in to djscuss the ways in which you can their estate plan. You can create a legacy through support Washington Unjversity through a bequest in your estate plan. your estate plan. A gift through your estate: For more information: • may support important programs of the University as it continues its service to Request information on the reply card. society. Call the Office of Planned Giving at 800-835-3503 or 314-935-5848 • may be used to support the future programs E-mail: [email protected] of the School of Medicine. Website: http://plannedgiving. wustl.edu • may endow a professorship, scholarship, or research fund in your name or that of a family member. ~ Washington • may provide you estate tax benefits. University in St.wuis SCHOOL OF MEDICINE ~ Washington University inSt.louis SCHOOL OF MEDICINE

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'. ..~, ..- .... The Alvin J. Site man Cancer Center at Washington University and Bames-Jewish Hospital, with the School Cancer of Medicine's Department of Surgery Premier Billing Network, recently broke the Guinness world record for awareness group tire rolling. More than 140 university students, staff and faculty joined with community members to simultaneously roll tires around the Hilltop campus' on aroll Francis Field on September 20, 2004. Participants at the Roll Over Cancer event decorated the tires, donated by Dobbs Tire & Auto , with colored ribbons to Signify specific types of cancer in an effort to increase public awareness about cancer prevention, detection, diagnosis and treatment. C MS LILLA VEKERDV 8132

Immunity remembers Immune system cells can "remember" a parasite's attack and help the body mount amore effective defense against subsequent invasions. The Leishmania major parasite, visible here as green glowing bodies, has helped researchers learn more about the immune system's memory. For more on this story, please tum to page 7. g; WashingtonUniversityinSt.louis SCHOOL OF MEDICINE outlook.wustl.edu