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War on the Mexican Drug Cartels
THE WAR ON MEXICAN CARTELS OPTIONS FOR U.S. AND MEXICAN POLICY-MAKERS POLICY PROGRAM CHAIRS Ken Liu Chris Taylor GROUP CHAIR Jean-Philippe Gauthier AUTHORS William Dean Laura Derouin Mikhaila Fogel Elsa Kania Tyler Keefe James McCune Valentina Perez Anthony Ramicone Robin Reyes Andrew Seo Minh Trinh Alex Velez-Green Colby Wilkason RESEARCH COORDINATORS Tia Ray Kathryn Walsh September 2012 Final Report of the Institute of Politics National Security Student Policy Group THE WAR ON MEXICAN CARTELS OPTIONS FOR U.S. AND MEXICAN POLICY-MAKERS POLICY PROGRAM CHAIRS Ken Liu Chris Taylor GROUP CHAIR Jean-Philippe Gauthier AUTHORS William Dean Laura Derouin Mikhaila Fogel Elsa Kania Tyler Keefe James McCune Valentina Perez Anthony Ramicone Robin Reyes Andrew Seo Minh Trinh Alex Velez-Green Colby Wilkason RESEARCH COORDINATORS Tia Ray Kathryn Walsh September 2012 Final Report of the Institute of Politics 2 National Security Student Policy Group Institute of Politics ABOUT THE INSTITUTE OF POLITICS NATIONAL SECURITY POLICY GROUP The Institute of Politics is a non-profit organization located in the John F. Kennedy School of Government at Harvard University. It is a living memorial to President John F. Kennedy, and its mission is to unite and engage students, particularly undergraduates, with academics, politicians, activists, and policymakers on a non-partisan basis and to stimulate and nurture their interest in public service and leadership. The Institute strives to promote greater understanding and cooperation between the academic world and the world of politics and public affairs. Led by a Director, Senior Advisory Board, Student Advisory Committee, and staff, the Institute provides wide-ranging opportunities for both Harvard students and the general public. -
Responses to Information Requests Responses to Information Requests
Home Country of Origin Information Responses to Information Requests Responses to Information Requests Responses to Information Requests (RIR) are research reports on country conditions. They are requested by IRB decision makers. The database contains a seven-year archive of English and French RIR. Earlier RIR may be found on the European Country of Origin Information Network website. Please note that some RIR have attachments which are not electronically accessible here. To obtain a copy of an attachment, please e-mail us. Related Links • Advanced search help 15 August 2019 MEX106302.E Mexico: Drug cartels, including Los Zetas, the Gulf Cartel (Cartel del Golfo), La Familia Michoacana, and the Beltrán Leyva Organization (BLO); activities and areas of operation; ability to track individuals within Mexico (2017-August 2019) Research Directorate, Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada 1. Overview InSight Crime, a foundation that studies organized crime in Latin America and the Caribbean (Insight Crime n.d.), indicates that Mexico’s larger drug cartels have become fragmented or "splintered" and have been replaced by "smaller, more volatile criminal groups that have taken up other violent activities" (InSight Crime 16 Jan. 2019). According to sources, Mexican law enforcement efforts to remove the leadership of criminal organizations has led to the emergence of new "smaller and often more violent" (BBC 27 Mar. 2018) criminal groups (Justice in Mexico 19 Mar. 2018, 25; BBC 27 Mar. 2018) or "fractur[ing]" and "significant instability" among the organizations (US 3 July 2018, 2). InSight Crime explains that these groups do not have "clear power structures," that alliances can change "quickly," and that they are difficult to track (InSight Crime 16 Jan. -
Justice-Reform
Mexico Institute SHARED RESPONSIBILITY: U.S.-MEXICO POLICY OPTIONS FOR CONFRONTING ORGANIZED CRIME Edited by Eric L. Olson, David A. Shirk, and Andrew Selee Mexico Institute Available from: Mexico Institute Trans-Border Institute Woodrow Wilson International University of San Diego Center for Scholars 5998 Alcalá Park, IPJ 255 One Woodrow Wilson Plaza San Diego, CA 92110-2492 1300 Pennsylvania Avenue NW Washington, DC 20004-3027 www.sandiego.edu/tbi www.wilsoncenter.org/mexico ISBN : 1-933549-61-0 October 2010 The Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, established by Congress in 1968 and headquartered in Washington, D.C., is a living national memorial to President Wilson. The Center’s mission is to commemorate the ideals and concerns of Woodrow Wilson by providing a link between the worlds of ideas and policy, while fostering research, study, discussion, and collaboration among a broad spectrum of individuals concerned with policy and scholarship in national and international affairs. Supported by public and private funds, the Center is a nonpartisan institution engaged in the study of national and world affairs. It establishes and maintains a neutral forum for free, open, and informed dialogue. Conclusions or opinions expressed in Center publications and programs are those of the authors and speakers and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Center staff, fellows, trustees, advisory groups, or any individuals or organizations that provide financial support to the Center. The Center is the publisher of The Wilson Quarterly and home of Woodrow Wilson Center Press, dialogue radio and television, and the monthly news-letter “Centerpoint.” For more information about the Center’s activities and publications, please visit us on the web at www.wilsoncenter.org. -
Universidad Nacional Autónoma De México T E S I S
UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL AUTÓNOMA DE MÉXICO FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS POLÍTICAS Y SOCIALES APROXIMACIÓN AL ESTUDIO DEL PODER INFORMAL DE LOS LÍDERES DE LA ORGANIZACIÓN CRIMINAL DEL GOLFO Y SU AFECTACIÓN HACIA LA POBLACIÓN CIVIL A TRAVÉS DE SU INTROMISIÓN EN LAS INSTITUCIONES DE SEGURIDAD PÚBLICA EN REYNOSA, TAMAULIPAS 2008-2012 T E S I S PROFESIONAL PARA OBTENER EL TÍTULO DE: LICENCIADO EN CIENCIAS POLÍTICAS Y ADMINISTRACIÓN PÚBLICA OPCIÓN CIENCIA POLÍTICA PRESENTA: ALEJANDRA SALAZAR SÁNCHEZ DIRECTOR DE TESIS: DR.. JAVIER ROSAS SÁNCHEZ CIUDAD UNIVERSITARIA 2012 UNAM – Dirección General de Bibliotecas Tesis Digitales Restricciones de uso DERECHOS RESERVADOS © PROHIBIDA SU REPRODUCCIÓN TOTAL O PARCIAL Todo el material contenido en esta tesis esta protegido por la Ley Federal del Derecho de Autor (LFDA) de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos (México). El uso de imágenes, fragmentos de videos, y demás material que sea objeto de protección de los derechos de autor, será exclusivamente para fines educativos e informativos y deberá citar la fuente donde la obtuvo mencionando el autor o autores. Cualquier uso distinto como el lucro, reproducción, edición o modificación, será perseguido y sancionado por el respectivo titular de los Derechos de Autor. D E D I C A D O A: Dios, por darme la oportunidad de vivir y por estar conmigo en cada paso que doy, por ser mi principal guía en este camino que empiezo a recorrer, por fortalecer mi corazón e iluminar mi mente y por haber puesto en mi camino a todas aquellas personas que me han enseñado tanto. Mi madre Narcisa Sánchez Silva, por darme la vida, quererme mucho, creer en mi y porque siempre me has apoyado y sé que lo seguirás haciendo. -
La Problemática Del Narcotráfico En México: Cubrimiento Informativo Y Comparaciones Con La Experiencia Colombiana
LA PROBLEMÁTICA DEL NARCOTRÁFICO EN MÉXICO: CUBRIMIENTO INFORMATIVO Y COMPARACIONES CON LA EXPERIENCIA COLOMBIANA AUTOR MARIO ANDRÉS PENAGOS HERRERA Trabajo de grado para optar por el Título de Profesional en Comunicación Social y Periodista DIRECTOR DE TESIS MAURICIO SÁENZ PONTIFICIA UNIVERSIDAD JAVERIANA Facultad de Comunicación y Lenguaje Carrera de Comunicación Social Bogotá, 2010 5 Reglamento de la Pontificia Universidad Javeriana Artículo 23 “La Universidad no se hace responsable por los conceptos emitidos por los alumnos en sus trabajos de grado, solo velará porque no se publique nada contrario al dogma y la moral católicos y porque el trabajo no contenga ataques y polémicas puramente personales, antes bien, se vean en ellas el anhelo de buscar la verdad y la justicia” 6 AGRADECIMIENTOS Agradezco a Mauricio Sáenz por su colaboración durante todo el proceso del proyecto de grado. Tener acceso semanal a sus conocimientos enriqueció la investigación y fue un respaldo único durante todo el semestre. Como se lo dije en alguna ocasión, mejor asesor de tesis no pude haber conseguido. No me equivoqué. A Maryluz Vallejo, mi profesora de proyecto II, por ayudarme a definir el tema de investigación. Sus consejos y lluvia de ideas me motivaron a realizar un trabajo con gusto y apasionamiento. A mis papás, Mario Penagos y Clara Inés Herrera, piezas fundamentales en mi formación integral. La incondicionalidad, la comprensión y el esfuerzo realizado por ellos para ofrecerme una excelente educación me llena de orgullo y motiva a trazarme siempre más objetivos. 9 Tabla de contenido Introducción .................................................................................................................. 12 1. Hacia la ilegalización de la droga: La explosión de un mercado……………….. -
Los Zetas and La Familia Michoacana Drug Trafficking Organizations
Los Zetas and La Familia Michoacana Drug Trafficking Organizations (DTOs) Albert De Amicis, MPPM, (MPIA, 2010) University of Pittsburgh Graduate School for Public and International Affairs Masters of Public and International Affairs Capstone Final Paper November 27, 2010 March 12, 2011, (Updated) Los Zetas and La Familia Michoacana Drug Trafficking Organizations (DTOs) ii Table of Contents Abstract..................................................................................................................iv I. Introduction..........................................................................................................1 Los Zetas.......................................................................................................1 La Familia Michoacana.................................................................................3 II. Leadership...........................................................................................................7 Los Zetas........................................................................................................7 La Familia Michoacana..................................................................................8 III. Structure..............................................................................................................9 Los Zetas.........................................................................................................9 La Familia Michoacana.................................................................................10 IV. Force Structure................................................................................................. -
La Familia Drug Cartel: Implications for U.S-Mexican Security
Visit our website for other free publication downloads http://www.StrategicStudiesInstitute.army.mil/ To rate this publication click here. STRATEGIC STUDIES INSTITUTE The Strategic Studies Institute (SSI) is part of the U.S. Army War College and is the strategic-level study agent for issues related to national security and military strategy with emphasis on geostrate- gic analysis. The mission of SSI is to use independent analysis to conduct strategic studies that develop policy recommendations on: • Strategy, planning, and policy for joint and combined employment of military forces; • Regional strategic appraisals; • The nature of land warfare; • Matters affecting the Army’s future; • The concepts, philosophy, and theory of strategy; and • Other issues of importance to the leadership of the Army. Studies produced by civilian and military analysts concern topics having strategic implications for the Army, the Department of De- fense, and the larger national security community. In addition to its studies, SSI publishes special reports on topics of special or immediate interest. These include edited proceedings of conferences and topically-oriented roundtables, expanded trip re- ports, and quick-reaction responses to senior Army leaders. The Institute provides a valuable analytical capability within the Army to address strategic and other issues in support of Army par- ticipation in national security policy formulation. LA FAMILIA DRUG CARTEL: IMPLICATIONS FOR U.S-MEXICAN SECURITY George W. Grayson December 2010 The views expressed in this report are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the official policy or position of the Department of the Army, the Department of Defense, or the U.S. -
Mexico's Knight Templar and Code of Conduct Implications
Mexico’s Knight Templar and Code of Conduct Implications Knowledge Through Understanding Cultures TRIBAL ANALYSIS CENTER Nov 2013 Mexico’s Knight Templar and Code of Conduct Implications Mexico’s Knight Templar and Code of Conduct Implications Knowledge Through Understanding Cultures TRIBAL ANALYSIS CENTER About Tribal Analysis Center Tribal Analysis Center, 6610-M Mooretown Road, Box 159. Williamsburg, VA, 23188 Mexico’s Knight Templar and Code of Conduct Implications Mexico’s Knight Templar and Code of Conduct Implications Appendix: Mexico’s Other Insurgencies by Graham Turbiville, Tribal Analysis Center LA VIDA REQUIERE DE CABALLEROSIDAD Y DE HUMILDAD ‘Life requires chivalry and humility’1 1. http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/08/14/mexico-knights-templar-publicity-stung_n_3757742.html Tribal Analysis Center, 6610-M Mooretown Road, Box 159. Williamsburg, VA, 23188 Mexico’s Knight Templar and Code of Conduct Implications Dr. Graham Turbiville, Jr., explained the faltering stability process occurring in Latin America as the Cold War ended and its destabilizing external influences were no longer present: “A central post-Cold War security issue is the fate of insurgent movements that received weapons, equipment and political support for decades from the Soviet bloc and other communist states around the world. In Latin America, where the development and consolidation of democratic regimes often is accompanied by promises of free-market economic and open-trade policies, the virtual shutoff of outside support to insurgents seemed to assure their eventual dissolution. In the 1990s, Central American peace accords and electoral successes and South American counterin- surgency gains, as in Peru, reinforced this view. “Optimistic assessments based on these events may yet prove to be accurate. -
Hv5840.R35.2010
Venta de Droga en el Estado de Quintana Roo, México 2009. UNIVERSIDAD DE QUINTANA ROO División de Ciencias Sociales y Económico Administrativas Venta de Droga en el Estado de Quintana Roo, México 2009 TESIS Para obtener el grado de LICENCIADO EN SEGURIDAD PÚBLICA Presenta Claudia Ramírez Martínez Director de Tesis Dra. Maribel Lozano Cortés Chetumal, Quintana Roo, México, Julio de 2010. 1 Venta de Droga en el Estado de Quintana Roo, México 2009. 2 Venta de Droga en el Estado de Quintana Roo, México 2009. Agradecimientos A Dios Por haberme dado sabiduría, fortaleza, salud, coraje, y no dejarme sola en los momentos difíciles, y haberme permitido llegar a la meta. A mis padres Por brindarme su apoyo incondicional para la realización de todas mis metas. A mi madre Con profundo agradecimiento a ti mama, por ayudarme a la construcción de mi proyecto de vida y hacer que verdaderamente crea en mí. Gracias mama por tu amor, por tu comprensión, cariño, eres quien hizo que todo fuera posible, a ti te debo gran parte de lo que soy. A mi amigo Por ser mi mayor aliciente para seguir adelante en la vida. A mi director de tesis Por su amabilidad, buena disposición, paciencia, por su tiempo que me dedico para este proyecto culminara exitosamente, mi agradecimiento sincero. A mis supervisores de tesis Gracias por transmitirme sus conocimientos y por todas las facilidades que me han otorgado para poder llegar a este proyecto. A todas las personas Que directa e indirectamente me dieron su apoyo de alguna manera para que llevara a cabo la realización de mi tesis. -
Mexico and the Triple Threat
MEXICO AND THE TRIPLE THREAT Sharon L. Cardash Frank J. Cilluffo Bert B. Tussing October 20, 2011 Frank J. Cilluffo is director of The George Washington University Homeland Security Policy Institute (HSPI). Sharon L. Cardash is HSPI’s associate director. Bert B. Tussing is director of the Homeland Defense and Security Issues Group at the U.S. Army War College Center for Strategic Leadership, and a Senior Fellow at HSPI. Founded in 2003, The George Washington University Homeland Security Policy Institute (HSPI) is a nonpartisan “think and do” tank whose mission is to build bridges between theory and practice to advance homeland security through an interdisciplinary approach. By convening domestic and international policymakers and practitioners at all levels of government, the private and non-profit sectors, and academia, HSPI creates innovative strategies and solutions to current and future threats to the nation. The opinions expressed in this Issue Brief are those of the authors alone. Comments should be directed to [email protected]. The U.S. Army War College develops, inspires and serves strategic leaders for the wise and effective application of national power, in a joint, interagency, intergovernmental, and multinational environment, emphasizing development and employment of land power. The U.S. Army War College Center for Strategic Leadership serves as a high-technology senior leader experiential education center. ISBN: 978-0-9839904-2-0 Trying to decipher the news coming out of Mexico these days is enough to give an observer whiplash. The signals are conflicting to say the least. On the one hand, there are horrific accounts of the most brutal violence, including beheadings and disembowelments. -
List of Sanctions Pursuant to the Kingpin
SANCTIONS PURSUANT TO THE FOREIGN NARCOTICS KINGPIN DESIGNATION ACT (Last updated June 8, 2021) PRESIDENTIAL AND TREASURY IDENTIFIED KINGPINS (33) ESPARRAGOZA MORENO, Juan Jose (34) PALMA SALAZAR, Hector Luis The following individuals and entities have been identified by (35) QUINTERO MERAZ, Jose Albino the President or the Treasury pursuant to section § 1904(b)(1) (36) REVOLUTIONARY ARMED FORCES OF of the Kingpin Act. COLOMBIA (37) UNITED SELF-DEFENSE FORCES OF COLOMBIA On June 1, 2000, the President identified the following 12 foreign (38) UNITED WA STATE ARMY persons as significant foreign narcotics traffickers under the Kingpin Act. On June 1, 2004, the President identified the following eight foreign persons and two entities as significant foreign narcotics (1) AMEZCUA-CONTRERAS, Jose de Jesus traffickers under the Kingpin Act. (2) AMEZCUA-CONTRERAS, Luis Ignacio (3) ARELLANO-FELIX, Benjamin Alberto (39) ARELLANO FELIX ORGANIZATION (4) ARELLANO-FELIX, Ramon Eduardo (40) ARELLANO FELIX, Eduardo Ramon (5) CARO-QUINTERO, Rafael (41) ARELLANO FELIX, Francisco Javier (6) CARRILLO-FUENTES, Vicente (42) CARRILLO FUENTES ORGANIZATION (7) CHANG, Chi Fu (43) VALENCIA CORNELIO, Armando (8) HEATH, Noel Timothy (44) NEMBHARD, Norris (9) Individual removed on February 3, 2016 (45) RAMCHARAN, Leebert (10) OGUNGBUYI, Abeni O. (46) ZEVALLOS GONZALES, Fernando Melciades (11) OGUNGBUYI, Oluwole A. (47) Individual removed on February 3, 2016 (12) WEI Hsueh Kang (48) NOORZAI, Haji Bashir On June 1, 2001, the President identified the following 12 foreign On June 1, 2005, the President identified the following eight persons as significant foreign narcotics traffickers under the foreign persons and one entity as significant foreign narcotics Kingpin Act. -
Drug Trafficking Organizations and Counter- Drug Strategies in the U.S.-Mexican Context Luis Astorga and David A
USMEX WP 10-01 Drug Trafficking Organizations and Counter- Drug Strategies in the U.S.-Mexican Context Luis Astorga and David A. Shirk Mexico and the United States: Confronting the Twenty-First Century This working paper is part of a project seeking to provide an up-to-date assessment of key issues in the U.S.-Mexican relationship, identify points of convergence and diver- gence in respective national interests, and analyze likely consequences of potential policy approaches. The project is co-sponsored by the Center for U.S.-Mexican Studies (San Diego), the Mexico Institute of the Woodrow Wilson Center (Washington DC), El Colegio de la Frontera Norte (Tijuana), and El Colegio de México (Mexico City). Drug Trafficking Organizations and Counter-Drug Strategies in the U.S.-Mexican Context Luis Astorga and David A. Shirk1 “Si la perra está amarrada/ aunque ladre todo el día/ no la deben de soltar/ mi abuelito me decía/ que podrían arrepentirse/ los que no la conocían (…) y la cuerda de la perra/ la mordió por un buen rato/ y yo creo que se soltó/ para armar un gran relajo (…) Los puerquitos le ayudaron/ se alimentan de la Granja/ diario quieren más maíz/ y se pierden las ganancias (…) Hoy tenemos día con día/ mucha inseguridad/ porque se soltó la perra/ todo lo vino a regar/ entre todos los granjeros/ la tenemos que amarrar” As my grandmother always told me, ‘If the dog is tied up, even though she howls all day long, you shouldn’t set her free … and the dog the chewed its rope for a long time, and I think it got loose to have a good time… The pigs helped it, wanting more corn every day, feeding themselves on the Farm and losing profits… Today we have more insecurity every day because the dog got loose, everything got soaked.