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Chapter 23. Intergenerational Aspects of Ethnic Conflict in Africa The
23 Intergenerational Aspects of Ethnic Conflict in Africa The Nigerian Experience ADEBAYO OLABISI ODEJIDE,AKINADE OLUMUYIWA SANDA, and ABIOLA I. ODEJIDE INTRODUCTION This chapter examines ethnic conflicts and their long-term consequences in Africa in general and in Nigeria in particular. At the outset, we need to outline our understanding of ethnic conflict. In some cases, ethnic conflicts may be reflected in hostile interethnic stereotypes and prejudices that may derive from sociocultural contact or economic competition (Post & Vick ers, 1973). In other cases, ethnic conflicts may be transformed into fierce political contests be tween ethnic groups over vital issues, interests, or objectives (e.g., census counts, rotational presidency) or violent interethnic internal wars. Theories and research in the field of ethnic relations suggest that ethnic conflict may result from emergent forms of social stratification and collisions over power, especially when power, or what Post and Vickers (1973) termed "control capacity," becomes valued above anything else. Ethnic conflict may also result in threats of secession, secession, or wars against or in fa vor of secession, as has been the case in Nigeria, Uganda, and Zaire. In all these cases, con siderable violence and loss of life occurred and, as in all wars, there was also significant destruction of property in ethnic communities. In essence, therefore, ethnic conflict, as conceived in this chapter, occurs to different de grees and in different forms, and can therefore be perceived within the context of a continuum: Ethnopolitical contests Secession Debates, controversies Attempted secession Interethnic warfare ADEBAYO OLABISI ODEJIDE • Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, University College Hospital, lbadan Nigeria. -
Chapter 6 – Markets, Finance and Corporations: Does Capitalism Have a Future? | IPSP Commenting Platform
20/09/2016 Chapter 6 – Markets, finance and corporations: does capitalism have a future? | IPSP Commenting Platform (https://www.ipsp.org/) 0 Chapter 6 – Markets, nance and corporations: does capitalism have a future? Chapter Chapter 6 – Markets, nance and corporations: does capitalism have a future? has been updated. 1 Coordinating Lead Authors:[1] Simon Deakin, Scott Stern 2 Lead Authors:[2] Raphie Kaplinsky, Fabian Muniesa, Mustapha Nabli, Martin O'Neill, Horacio Ortiz, Kerstin Sahlin, Anke Schwittay, Lorraine Talbot 3 Word count: 37,617 4 Abstract: [Abstract 200 words] 5 Markets are widely seen as a source of innovation and dynamism within modern economies, but their relationship to social progress is highly contested. Markets are mechanisms for allocating resources to uses, not for achieving just or fair outcomes. They often promote the well being of some while harming others. Markets have historically coexisted with nation states and transnational regulatory systems which were needed not just to bring about fairer and more sustainable distributions than those arrived at through private ordering, but to create the very conditions under which markets themselves could operate. Beyond textbooks and formal models, markets are not naturally self-adjusting. The legal system, an arm of the state, is needed to secure property and enforce contracts, to protect private exchange from collusion, and to create the conditions for productive organizations to survive and prosper. Without the https://comment.ipsp.org/chapter/chapter6marketsfinanceandcorporationsdoescapitalismhavefuture 1/92 20/09/2016 Chapter 6 – Markets, finance and corporations: does capitalism have a future? | IPSP Commenting Platform legal institution of the corporation, there would be no nancial system as we have come to know it, and no possibility of the globalised capitalism that we currently experience. -
Pol 214 Course Title: Introduction to Political
NATIONAL OPEN UNIVERSITY OF NIGERIA SCHOOL OF ARTS AND SCIENCES COURSE CODE: POL 214 COURSE TITLE: INTRODUCTION TO POLITICAL ANALYSIS POL 214 COURSE GUIDE COURSE GUIDE POL 214 INTRODUCTION TO POLITICAL ANALYSIS Course Team Eyene Okpanachi (Developer/Writer) – UI Abdulrahoof Bello(Coordinator) – NOUN NATIONAL OPEN UNIVERSITY OF NIGERIA iii POL 214 COURSE GUIDE National Open University of Nigeria Headquarters 14/16 Ahmadu Bello Way Victoria Island, Lagos Abuja Office No. 5 Dar es Salaam Street Off Aminu Kano Crescent Wuse II, Abuja e-mail: [email protected] URL: www.nou.edu.ng Published by National Open University of Nigeria Printed 2013 Reprinted 2014 ISBN: 978-058-227-4 All Rights Reserved iv POL 214 COURSE GUIDE CONTENTS PAGE Introduction…………………………………………… iv Course Aim…………………………………………… iv Course Objectives…………………………………….. iv Working through this Course………………………… v Course Materials……………………………………… v Study Units…………………………………………… v Textbooks and References……………………………. vii Assesment……………………………………………... viii Tutor-MarkedAssignment…………………………….. viii Final Examination and Grading ……………………… ix Course Marking Scheme……………………………… ix Course Overview/Presentation……………………….. ix What you will Learn in this Course…………………… x Facilitators/Tutors and Tutorials……………………… xi Conclusion……………………………………………. xi Summary………………………………………………. xi v POL 214 INTRODUCTION TO POLITICAL ANALYSIS INTRODUCTION POL 214: Introduction to Political Analysis which is a three- credit unit course offered for students of the undergraduate degree programme in Political Science. There are 21 Study Units in this course. The prerequisite for studying this course is POL 111: Introduction to Political Science. It has been developed with appropriate local and international examples suitable for a student of politics. This course guide is for distance learners enrolled in the B.Sc Political Science programme of the National Open University of Nigeria. -
An Assessment of the Economic Development Existence in Nigeria by Benedict N
Global Journal of Management and Business Research: B Economics and Commerce Volume 13 Issue 5 Version 1.0 Year 2014 Type: Double Blind Peer Reviewed International Research Journal Publisher: Global Journals Inc. (USA) Online ISSN: 2249-4588 & Print ISSN: 0975-5853 An Assessment of the Economic Development Existence in Nigeria By Benedict N. Akanegbu & Matthew Oladapo Gidigbi Nasarawa State University, Nigeria Abstract - Poverty incidence and unemployment rate of the developing countries have been increasing as they claimed development in their economies, the situation in which Nigeria is not an exception. Thereby, this study set to investigate whether economic development existed in the country in the past 27 years, covering the periods of 1986 – 2012. Likewise, to inform the decision makers and policy implementers about the appropriate usage of the words ‘economic development’, and as well portends its redefining and differentiation between ‘GDP growth and GDP widening’. The study stipulated ideal methods of assessing the existence of economic development based on the extant definitions from the most relevant authors in the field of Development Economics. Keywords: economic development, gross domestic products, poverty, and unemployment . GJMBR-B Classification: JEL CODE: C13, O47, O10 Abstract - Poverty incidence and unemployment rate of the developing countries have been increasing as they claimed development in their economies, the situation in which Nigeria is not an exception. Thereby, this study set to investigate whether economic development existed in the AnAssessmentoftheEconomicDevelopmentExistenceinNigeria country in the past 27 years, covering the periods of 1986 – 2012. Likewise, to inform the decision makers and policy implementers about the appropriate usage of the words ‘economic development’, and as well portends its redefining and differentiation between ‘GDP growth and GDP widening’. -
The Forest Products Industry in Nigeria (Pp.191-205)
An International Multidisciplinary Journal, Ethiopia Vol. 6 (4), Serial No. 27, October, 2012 ISSN 1994-9057 (Print) ISSN 2070--0083 (Online) DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/afrrev.v6i4.13 The Forest Products Industry in Nigeria (Pp.191-205) Ogunwusi, A. A. - Raw Materials Research and Development Council, Plot 17, Agiuyi Ironsi Street Maitama, Abuja Phone: +2347034789966 E-mail: [email protected] Abstract The forest industry in Nigeria is undergoing a difficult period as a result of a multiplicity of factors. This study evaluates the performance of the industry, and results indicated that capacity utilization in the sawmill subsector was 6,994,660m3, 6,031,922m3, 7067145m3 and 3,800,000m3 respectively in 1988, 1992, 1996 and 2010. In the veneer and plywood mills, capacity utilization was 72,240m3, 54,600m3, 14,900m3 and 10,250m3 respectively in 1988, 1992, 1996 and 2010 respectively while particle board production has also been dwindling in recent years. The total particle board produced in 2010 was only 9,736m3 as against an installed capacity of 45,000m3. In the safety matches subsector, capacity utilization increased from 7,500 in 1988 to 16,200m3 in 1992 and 52,980m3 in 1996. Capacity utilization in the subsector was 11,496 in 2002 and 2010 respectively. Wood treatment subsector also witnessed a decrease in capacity utilization from 52,980m3 in 1996 to 11,496m3 in 2002 and 2010 respectively. There is the need to locally promote industrial clusters, cooperatives and private forestry through policy initiatives in this sector. Key words: Capacity utilization, installed capacity, sawmill, plywood, particleboard, safety matches Copyright © IAARR 2012: www.afrrevjo.net 191 Indexed African Journals Online: www.ajol.info Vol. -
Corporate Governance Compliance and Monitoring Systems Across The
Continuing Professional Development BHS: Failures and follow up Carum Basra (Institute of Directors) Chris Hodge (Governance Perspectives Ltd) 7 November 2019 THE EUROPEAN CONFEDERATION2THE Days EUROPEAN of Professional OF DIRECTORS CONFEDERATION Development ASSOCIATIONS OF for DIRECTORS - AVENUE European DES ASSOCIATIONS ARTSDirectors 41 - BRUSSELS 1040 Continuing Professional Development What we will cover • Political context • BHS ownership structure • The sale and its consequences • The role played by the board • The regulatory response • Balancing controlling interests THE EUROPEAN CONFEDERATION2THE Days EUROPEAN of Professional OF DIRECTORS CONFEDERATION Development ASSOCIATIONS OF for DIRECTORS - AVENUE European DES ASSOCIATIONS ARTSDirectors 41 - BRUSSELS 1040 Continuing Professional Development Political context in 2016 • Low public opinion of business. • Partly the aftermath of the financial crisis: o The ‘age of austerity’ created economic difficulties for many… o While those who caused it appeared to escape punishment. • There were also other examples of companies ‘behaving badly’ to different stakeholders (Sports Direct, Tesco). • Long-running public criticism of executive pay (in particular so-called ‘rewards for failure’. • Shareholders also criticised for putting dividends above long-term health of the company. THE EUROPEAN CONFEDERATION2THE Days EUROPEAN of Professional OF DIRECTORS CONFEDERATION Development ASSOCIATIONS OF for DIRECTORS - AVENUE European DES ASSOCIATIONS ARTSDirectors 41 - BRUSSELS 1040 Continuing Professional Development BHS: the history • Founded 1928 as British Home Stores. • At time of its collapse in 2016 had 160 UK stores and 11,000 employees. • Had been a publicly listed company until 2000 when acquired by Sir Phillip Green and taken private. • In 2002 Green acquired the Arcadia Group stores and brands and became the second largest clothing retailer in UK. -
Ethnic Minorities and Question of Justice in Nigeria
NIGER DELTA MINORITIES AND THE QUEST FOR SOCIAL JUSTICE ZAINAB EMITAREYE ATIRI BA Philosophy/Political Science (Ibadan), MA Philosophy (Ibadan) (Matric. No. 41983) A PhD thesis Submitted to the Faculty of the Social Sciences in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Of the University of Ibadan, Ibadan. Nigeria. MAY, 2014. ABSTRACT The perceived inequitable distribution of economic and social resources remains a perennial feature of Nigeria’s political history. The rise of ethnic minority organisations and the concomitant violent struggles for justice has continued to militate against economic growth and political stability of Nigeria. Although, there are several studies on the conflicts and intervention programmes in the Niger Delta, these have not been done from the perspective of a Theory of Justice. This study, examined the agitation in the Niger Delta region as a quest for social justice. Rawls’s theory of ‘justice as fairness’ provided the analytical framework for this study. Four out of the six States of the Niger Delta were purposively selected. Questionnaire was administered to proportionate to size cross-section of youths and community leaders, purposively selected from three Local Government Areas (LGAs) in each of the four States: Rivers 250 (190:60), Delta 250 (190:60), Bayelsa 150 (100:50) and Edo 150 (100:50). Data were collected on the socio- demographic characteristics; perceptions of economic marginalisation, social amenities, resource control, unemployment, corruption and government policy on Niger Delta demands. Key informant interviews (KIIs) were conducted among three of each political office holders; academics; leaders of ethnic associations and Directors of Minority Rights non-governmental organisations. -
Economic Policy Research Centre (EPRC)
RESEARCH SERIES NO. 40 DEMAND FOR HEALTH CARE SERVICES IN UGANDA IMPLICATIONS FOR POVERTY REDUCTION By Ssewanyana Sarah Nabyonga Orem Juliet Kasirye Ibrahim David Lawson March 2004 Economic Policy Research Centre (EPRC) 51 Pool Road Makerere University Campus, P. O. Box 7841 Kampala, Uganda Tel: 256-41-541023, Fax: 256-41-541022, Email: [email protected] Table of contents Table of contents........................................................................................................................ii List of Tables ........................................................................................................................... iii List of appendices .....................................................................................................................iv Abbreviations and Acronyms ....................................................................................................v Abstract.....................................................................................................................................vi Executive summary..................................................................................................................vii 1. Introduction........................................................................................................................1 2. Overview............................................................................................................................2 2.1 The health sector in Uganda ......................................................................................3 -
Business-Afm-Challenge.Pdf
Accounting, Financial Management and Economics Department Summer Challenge The Collapse of the Arcadia group has had a large impact on the UK High Street. Using the information provided and your own research you are required to prepare a report which covers the following four areas. You should present the report in a professional manner and each section should be limited to no more than 500 words (ie 2,000 words maximum). Credit will be given for your own research. 1) It has been argued that the strategy adopted by the Arcadia group was the single biggest factor in relation to its collapse into administration. Based on the information provided, and your own research, identify any evidence of poor decision making. 2) Arcadia has identified its five key values in its strategic report. Discuss to what extent the company lived up to these values and how its behaviour in relation to these values may have impacted on the business. 3) Philip Green was the face of the Arcadia Group. Consider the extent that he personally contributed to the demise of Arcadia group. 4) The failure of a high profile retailer such as Arcadia is likely to have a major impact on all of its stakeholders. Discuss the positive and negative impacts on the following stakeholders: a) Customers b) Local communities c) Competitors d) The audit profession e) Government Arcadia Group: Page 1 of 15 The Arcadia Group (Arcadia), is a subsidiary of Taveta Investments Ltd. Its principal activities are the retailing, wholesaling and franchising of clothing and accessories under various brand names including Topshop, Topman, Dorothy Perkins, Burton, Wallis, Evans, Miss Selfridge and Outfit. -
Improving Market Institutions and Urban Food Supplies for the Urban Poor: a Comparative Study of Nigeria and Zambia
Middlesex University Research Repository An open access repository of Middlesex University research http://eprints.mdx.ac.uk Porter, Gina, Lyon, Fergus ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6275-4102, Potts, Deborah and Bowyer-Bower, Tanya (2004) Improving market institutions and urban food supplies for the urban poor: a comparative study of Nigeria and Zambia. Project Report. Department for International Development, Wallingford. [Monograph] This version is available at: https://eprints.mdx.ac.uk/3818/ Copyright: Middlesex University Research Repository makes the University’s research available electronically. Copyright and moral rights to this work are retained by the author and/or other copyright owners unless otherwise stated. The work is supplied on the understanding that any use for commercial gain is strictly forbidden. A copy may be downloaded for personal, non-commercial, research or study without prior permission and without charge. Works, including theses and research projects, may not be reproduced in any format or medium, or extensive quotations taken from them, or their content changed in any way, without first obtaining permission in writing from the copyright holder(s). They may not be sold or exploited commercially in any format or medium without the prior written permission of the copyright holder(s). Full bibliographic details must be given when referring to, or quoting from full items including the author’s name, the title of the work, publication details where relevant (place, publisher, date), pag- ination, and for theses or dissertations the awarding institution, the degree type awarded, and the date of the award. If you believe that any material held in the repository infringes copyright law, please contact the Repository Team at Middlesex University via the following email address: [email protected] The item will be removed from the repository while any claim is being investigated. -
International Journal of Entrepreneurship
Volume 6 ISSN 1099-9264 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP An official Journal of the Academy of Entrepreneurship ®, Inc. Reagan McLaurin Editor University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates Academy Information is published on the Allied Academies web page www.alliedacademies.org The Academy of Entrepreneurship®, Inc. is a non-profit corporation chartered under the laws of North Carolina in the United States. The Academy is an association of scholars and practitioners whose purpose is to advance the knowledge, understanding, and teaching of entrepreneurship throughout the world. W hitney Press, Inc. Printed by Whitney Press, Inc. PO Box 1064, Cullowhee, NC 28723 www.whitneypress.com Authors retain copyright for their manuscripts and provide the Academy with a publication permission agreement. Neither the Academy of Entrepreneurship nor the Allied Academies is responsible for the content of the individual manuscripts. Any omissions or errors are the sole responsibility of the individual authors. The Editorial Board is responsible for the selection of manuscripts for publication from among those submitted for consideration. The Editors accept final manuscripts in digital form and the Publishers make adjustments solely for the purposes of pagination and organization. The Academy of Entrepreneurship Journal is owned by the Academy of Entrepreneurship®, Inc., and published by the Allied Academies, Inc., PO Box 2689, 145 Travis Road, Cullowhee, NC 28723, USA, (828) 293-9151, FAX (828) 293-9407. Those interested in subscribing to the Journal, -
Religions and Development in Nigeria: a Preliminary Literature Review
Religions and Development Research Programme Religions and Development in Nigeria: A Preliminary Literature Review F. O. Nyemutu Roberts and Olakunle Odumosu Nigerian Institute for Social and Economic Research Michael Nabofa Department of Religious Studies, University of Ibadan Working Paper 31- 2009 Religions and Development Research Programme The Religions and Development Research Programme Consortium is an international research partnership that is exploring the relationships between several major world religions, development in low-income countries and poverty reduction. The programme is comprised of a series of comparative research projects that are addressing the following questions: z How do religious values and beliefs drive the actions and interactions of individuals and faith-based organisations? z How do religious values and beliefs and religious organisations influence the relationships between states and societies? z In what ways do faith communities interact with development actors and what are the outcomes with respect to the achievement of development goals? The research aims to provide knowledge and tools to enable dialogue between development partners and contribute to the achievement of development goals. We believe that our role as researchers is not to make judgements about the truth or desirability of particular values or beliefs, nor is it to urge a greater or lesser role for religion in achieving development objectives. Instead, our aim is to produce systematic and reliable knowledge and better understanding of the social world. The research focuses on four countries (India, Pakistan, Nigeria and Tanzania), enabling the research team to study most of the major world religions: Christianity, Islam, Hinduism, Sikhism, Buddhism and African traditional belief systems.