Vol. VII. No. 3. Price per number 2/- (50 cents.); for the year, payable in advance, 5/- ($1.25).

THE JOURNAL OF THE FRIENDS' HISTORICAL SOCIETY.

NINTH MONTH (Sept.), 1910.

London: HEADLEY BROTHERS, 14, BISHOPSGATE WITHOUT, E.G. Philadelphia: HERMAN NEWMAN, 1010 ARCH New York : DAVID S. TABER, 144 EAST 20TH THE JOURNAL OF THE FRIENDS' HISTORICAL SOCIETY.

VOLUME I, J903-1904. CONTAINS I The Handwriting of George Fox. Illustrated. Our Recording Clerks : (i.) Ellis Hookes. (2.) Richard Richardson. The Case of William Gibson, 1723. Illustrated. The Quaker Family of Owen. Cotemporary Account of Illness and Death of George Fox. Early Records of Friends in the South of Scotland. Edmund Peckover's Travels in North America.

VOLUME 2, 1905. CONTAINS : Deborah Logan and her Contributions to History. Joseph Williams's Recollections of the Irish Rebellion. William Penn's Introduction of Thomas Ellwood. Meetings in Yorkshire, 1668. Letters in Cypher from Francis Howgill to George Fox. The Settlement of London Yearly Meeting. oseph Rule, the Quaker in White. Edmund Peckover, Ex-Soldier and Quaker. Illustrated. " William Miller at the King's Gardens."

VOLUME 3, J906. CONTAINS : Words of Sympathy for New England Sufferers. David Lloyd. Illustrated. King's Briefs, the Forerunners of Mutual Insurance Societies. Memoirs of the Life of Barbara Hoyland. u Esquire Marsh." Irish Quaker Records. VOL. VII. No. 3. Ninth Month (September), 1910 THE JOURNAL OF THE FRIENDS HISTORICAL SOCIETY,

Content*. PAGE Notice ------85 Notes and Queries :— George Fox at Manchester—James Logan's Forebears—Educa­ tion Commissions—Philip Dymond, of Minehead—Friends and the Royal Society—London Y.M. Printed Minutes—Penn Portrait—" Benjamin Lundy, His Life and Work "—Anne, Viscountess Conway—The Acadians—Families of Benson, Ransome, Harris and Clements—William Crow—MS. Diary of Thomas Gwin—MS. Journal of George Fox—" Account of Mary Penington M—Friends and the Castle of Chambord, France - 86 " The Record Book of Friends of the Monethly Meeting att Urie" 91 " Extracts from State Papers." By H. W. Clemesha, M.A. - 99 Early Quakerism in Ireland. II. - - - 101 Notes on Early Friends' Schools in Scotland. By IF. F. Miller - 105 Charles Lynch, of Lynchburg, Va. By Ella Kent Barnard - 114 Meeting Records—Bristol ------116 Proposed Publication of a Complete Edition of the Writings of William Penn ------117 Friends in Current Literature. By Isaac Sharp, B. A., and Norman Penney, F.S.A. ------118 John Sotcher, William Penn's Steward at Pennsbury Manor 122 List of Members ------123 Early Collumpton Friends. By George Eyre Evans - - - 13 3 Obituary ------135 Friends and Pietists in Germany - - - - - 136 Thomas Salthouse to Leonard Fell, 1662 - - - 140 " Redemptioners'' ------142 The Nicholson Manuscripts - - - - 143 Ministers Travelling in the West - - - - 144 George Fox to Justice Fleming, 1663 - - - - 146 Officers for the year 1910-1911 - - - - -147 Balance Sheet for the year 1910- - - - - 148

D=The Reference Library of London Yearly Meeting, Devonshire House, 12, Bishopsgate Without, London, E.C. F.P.T.—" The First Publishers of Truth," published by the Friends' Historical Society.

All communications respecting the Historical Society or its Journal should be sent to Norman Penney, F.S.A., Devonshire House, Bishopsgate, London, E.C. Vol. vii.—73. GEORGE Fox AT MANCHESTER not apply to the Baron. He (iv. 86; vi. 143 ; vii. 2, 44).—A was a Romanist and favoured further confirmation of the reading Queen Mary's cause, which possibly Manchester as opposed to Man- explains much of the opprobrium cetter, is to be found in John that was heaped upon his name Wigan's Antichrist's strongest after his death in July, 1606. The Hold overturned, a lively account Gowerie "Conspiracy" is now of the dispute at Lancaster in generally recognised to be a 1665, between Wigan and George fraud and one of a series of that Fox (see Fox's Journal, ii. 34)— time; the letters, about which " What Parish-priest in England so much fuss was made, are now hath got more money with his clearly shown not to be in the tongue then George Fox since he Baron's writing. The estates was Journeyman-Shoomaker in were attainted in 1609, this is well Manchester ? " First edition, p. 58. known, but the reversal of the attainder is not so well known, JAMES LOGAN'S FOREBEARS and this was made some seven (iii. 2 ; vii. 47).—The Barons of years later, but the lands and the Restalrig held very considerable 14 sowmes of monie" were lost. portions of land in various for ever. counties, such as Ayrshire, Perth­ The Baron left two sons and shire, Berwickshire, Midlothian, three daughters, as stated in Lanarkshire, etc. ; the probable the Testament in the Register explanation how most of these House, Edinburgh. The elder came into the hands of the family son, Robert, died before 1614, was by marriage, and the existing and the other son, Alexander, testimony in the Notaries' fled to England in 1619, and this Protocol Books show that the is the last we learn of him ; Baron handed these lands out one of the daughters married in feu to his kinsmen, and this Sir —— Stewart, and is buried explains to some extent both the in Greyfriars, Edinburgh, but of spread of the families and the the others nothing is known. effect of the attainder in 1609, I have made this explanation when the name for a spell vanishes to show that the story of descent from the public Records. from the last Baron is a very The last Baron of Restalrig unlikely one. was Robert Logan, and he is Looking over the family often confounded with another genealogical trees in my of the same name. He was born possession there is no doubt in about 1561, in which year his my mind that the Rev. Patrick father died and a tutor was is descended from the Couston appointed; he came of age in (Fife) branch, and my reasons 1576. Scott quotes him as for stating this are (i) Couston " ane deboshit man/' but there is is descended from Sheriff-Brae reason to believe that this does and in turn from Coitfield, which

86 NOTES AND QUERIES. 87 again in turn springs from century, and this land they held till baron's younger son in the the fifteenth century. Grugar was century, thus :— possibly acquired by marriage RESTALRIG with one of the Cunninghams; I •COITFIELD Dalzell, Lesmahagow, Linlithgow, SHERIFF BRAE Berwickshire, etc., are all more or '——COUSTON. less " conquests" by marriage. The names in the Baron's line Restalrig was acquired in 1398, how—unknown. Dumbartonshire proper are James, Robert, George, Alexander, but principally Robert. Logans are from Coitfield in Restalrig. In the Coitfield branch •the names are William, James, Patrick, The Oxford Logans are from Andrew and John, and these are Leith, you find in the Records repeated in the Sheriff-Brae and Henry Logan described as a mer­ Couston line, but do not occur— chant in Poland from Leith, he belonged except James—in the main stem. to the Craighouse family ; (2) Couston land is next to the a well-known son, David, was engraver Mowbray's of Otterston on the to Oxford University, one side and the Earl of Moray's and he is described as a Dutch* estate of Dalgetty on the other. man from Dantzig. The Rector (3) In circa 1600 there were three of Fifield has very kindly supplied brothers at Couston—Patrick, copies of the inscriptions on the William and John. The Dal­ family tomb at Idbury, which getty Registers do not begin till have helped considerably to 1640, and there are very few identify this branch. Registers of earlier date. John's " Restalrig " is used by the Testament (in the Register House) family not only to cover the does not mention his brothers. It Baron's House proper, but also is alleged Patrick Logan's mother all who resided within the Barony, was a Home, of St. Leonards, including Coitfield, Sheriff-Brae, near Lauder, and her father was etc., in the parts now known factor to the Earl of Moray ; quite as South Leith, Meadowbank, Leith Walk, possible, but I cannot trace this in Calton, West Porto- the Records. Lord Belhaven bello, etc., and they were many— was created in 1648. The present all descended from Barons' representative of the Belhaven families.—GEO. LOGAN, F.S.A., family of that time is Mrs. Edinburgh. _____ Hamilton Ogilvy of Beil, who EDUCATION COMMISSIONS.—In has very kindly had the early 1864 Lord Palmers ton's Govern­ papers of the House looked ment appointed a Royal Com­ over, and reports that there is no mission (Lord Taunton chairman) mention of the Rev. Patrick to inquire into the education given Logan in them. in schools not comprised within It might be as well to mention the scope of (a) the Duke of here one or two facts about the Newcastle's Commission on the family; they were first in Malles State of Popular Education, or Malise—now " The Maws " 1858-1861 ; (b) the Public Schools —near Blairgowrie in the twelfth Commission, 1861-1864. 88 NOTES AND QUERIES.

From this inquiry the Schools A Christopher Devonshire, Jr., of of Friends and Moravians were Minehead, married Elizabeth excluded. Fendall, daughter of Richard Information as to the reason Brocklesby of Cork, 169^. for this exclusion is desired. A Joseph Devonshire of Mine- head married Anna Berrey of Wellington, Som., 1718. PHILIP DYMOND, OF MINEHEAD, A Joseph Devonshire of 4< West SOM.—The undersigned will be Divn " was buried in F.B.G., glad of information to elucidate Alcombe [Minehead], 29. viii. the circumstances in which Philip 1741- Dymond, of Minehead, Co. Somer­ Mary Willmott (presumably the set, who died 19 i. 1808, became same) was heiress of Christopher " one of the representatives of the Devonshire, merchant, of Bristol, late Joseph Devonshire of the who died 14 vii. 1766, and owned City of Cork/' estates in the island of Grenada. A family memorandum of later —J. D. CROSFIELD, Durley House, date states that he acquired this Marlborough. Irish interest, of which three- fourths were dissipated in liti­ gation, in right of his wife, but says that his wife's name was FRIENDS AND THE ROYAL Devonshire ; there is no trace of SOCIETY (vii. 30, 45).—Joseph any such marriage, and the Barcroft, Fellow of King's College, ascertained facts point in another Cambridge, eldest son of the late direction. Henry Barcroft, of The Glen, Katherine Clothier, of Minehead, Newry, Ireland, has been elected married, firstly, in 1733, Samuel a Fellow of the Royal Society. Holman, of Taunton (d. 1749), " He is thirty-seven years of age, and had one daughter, Mary; and was one of fifteen selected she married, secondly, in 1755, out of nearly ninety names. His Philip Dymond, and died in 1784. scientific distinction has been Mary Holman married, in 1759, gained by his original researches William Willmott, who died 1780. on physiology, especially in con­ The Holmans were probably nection with the action of gases resident at Claverham, near on the blood, investigations which Yatton. he is at present prosecuting in By a codicil to his will, Philip Tenerifie."—The Friend (London), Dymond bequeathed to Mary 1910, p. 222. Willmott, his step-daughter, " all the property I am entitled to in Ireland, and so place her com­ LONDON Y.M. PRINTED MINUTES. pletely in my situation as one of —James Broadhead, of Langholm the representatives of the late Crescent, Darlington, co. Durham, Joseph Devonshire of the City of is desirous of securing a complete Cork." set of these annual pamphlets, and In Friends' Somerset Registers would be glad to hear from any there is no trace of any Devonshire- Friends who have copies for dis­ Holman marriage, but posal. NOTES AND QUERIES. 89

PENN PORTRAIT (vii. 44).—In­ Benezet was their kind friend formation respecting this original [i.e., of the five hundred Acadians oil painting has been received at consigned to Pennsylvania, and Devonshire House, but we are not landed at Philadelphia], and did at liberty at present to say more whatever he could to ameliorate than that it is in America and that their situation. He educated many it is for sale. of their daughters, and his charities to them were constant and unremitting." For a fuller account, " BENJAMIN LUNDY, His LIFE see Quaker Biographies, Phila., AND WORK."—Anna M. Pember- vol. iii., p. 101. ton De Cou, of Merchantville, N. J., who is preparing a historical of Benjamin Lundy, biography Miss L. CLARKE, the Old Market, the father of Abolitionism, would Wisbech, would be very grateful be very grateful for information for information respecting the letters, etc., respecting MSS., families of Benson, of Whitby, relating to Lundy, especially I 73°-5° I Ransome, of N. Wal- respecting letters from Lundy sham, 1750-60 ; Richard and to James Cropper. addressed Jane Harris, of Walworth, 1785- 95 ; and Clements, of Cambridge, ANNE, VISCOUNTESS CONWAY 1726. (vii. 7, 49).—H. W. Clemesha, of She is also anxious to see a copy Preston, draws our attention to of the lately published Pumphrey the references to " Lady Cardiff " Pedigree, and would be glad to in Shorthouse's John Inglesant, buy or borrow one. and queries whether Anne Conway was not the original of this char­ acter. We have looked through WILLIAM CROW.—Were there John Inglesant, and we are inter­ two ministering Friends of this ested to find that J. H. Shorthouse name in the latter part of the i8th ? has made use of the " Quaker century " Lady " in this way, with some William Crow " of Cumberland chronological and topographical was travelling in the ministry in licence. Scotland in 1773 an d X 776, and William Crow " of Norwich," in 1783 and 1792. I have a letter THE ACADIANS.—A very in­ from the former Friend, dated teresting book is An Historical Walton, nr. Branton, in Gilsland, Sketch of the Acadians, their Cumberland, 21 i. 1777, addressed Deportation and Wanderings, to a Friend in the north of Scotland, together with a Consideration of the in which he speaks of having re­ Historical Basis for Longfellow's turned home " to the place of my Poem " Evangeline," written by nativity," and finding his daughter George P. Bible, A.M., and pub­ in good health. Joseph Smith lished by Ferris and Leach, of in his " Catalogue" mentions Philadelphia, with illustrations. Wm. Crow£, of Norwich. In the On page 104 we read, " The Scottish records, the name of both humane and pious Anthony Friends (if there were two) is NOTES AND QUERIES. spelt Crow (or " Craw"). The Preface and notes to this new letter from Cumberland has edition are being prepared in the distinctly Crow.—W. F. MILLER. Library Department at Devon­ shire House. Information is any MS. copies MS. DIARY OF THOMAS GWIN. desired respecting of Mary Penington's writings, —The Diary referred to by A. C. especially that used by the late Myers (vii. 47) is in the possession W. Dymond in his articles of Arthur P. Jenkin, of Redruth. Francis on Mary Penington in the Friends9 A copy made by John Alien in 1885, 1886, the earlier part of last century Quarterly Examiner, MS. mentioned in is, it is understood, in the owner­ and the original these articles, " which lay con- ship of J. Alien Tregelles, of ceal'd near forty years behind Hoddesdon. the wainscots of a Room at William Penn's House, at Warminghurst, MS. JOURNAL OF GEORGE Fox. in Sussex." —The whole of the text of this has Information will be gladly re­ now been set up in type by the ceived by the Librarian, Devon­ Oicford University Press. It shire House, Bishopsgate, London, makes two volumes of 390 pp. and B.C. 371 pp. resectively, which is somewhat less than the actual text FRIENDS AND THE CASTLE OF occupies in the Bicent. ed. The CHAMBORD, FRANCE.—Albert G. principal difference between the Linney, of Ackworth School, asks two texts lies in this, that the for further information respecting printed Journal contains a larger the following proposal, to be found amount of doctrinal matter, while in Henry James's Little Tour in the new text is much more full of France :— historical information. " In 1791 an odd proposal was Numerous notes are in course made to the French Government of preparation and a preliminary by a company of English Quakers, dissertation on the authenticity who had conceived the bold idea and general characteristics of the of establishing in the palace a MS. is to appear. It is hoped that manufacture of some peaceful the whole will be in the printer's commodity not to-day recorded." hands by the end of this year. By the kind offices of M. Lanson, of Paris University, the Archi- 11 ACCOUNT OF MARY PENING- viste du Departement de Loir et TON."—The Biddle Press (1010 Cher, at Blois, has sent us copies of Cherry Street, Philadelphia) is various papers from the Archives shortly to issue " Some Account of which he keeps, which reveal an Circumstances in the Life of Mary interesting piece of long-forgotten Pennington, from her Manuscript, history. We hope to make public left for her family," taken from some, if not all, of these docu­ the London edition of 1821. ments. (Record (gooft of irienoe of ttyt aft (JUrte." [The following extracts have been kindly supplied by William Frederick Miller. The Editor has not checked the transcript with the original, which is in D., as the latter is in too tender a condition to be used for this purpose.] After that the Lord God Jn his Jnfmite Love and glorious power had visited our neighbour nation of England with his day spring from on high as it is revealed Jn this his day and dispensatione, it also pleased him in the same love to visite this natione of Scotland by sending of his Messengers to proclaime the glade tidings of Sal- vatione whereby many were gathered from the barren mountains to feed Jn the pastures of life and brought into the sheepfold of rest and peace &c. Among many others whom the Lord visited in this natione and brought to walk Jn the path of Truth Jn the first month 1666 David Barclay of Urie (comonly designed Colonel Barclay) having been several moneths prisoner Jn Edinburgh Castle came there to own the Truth openly being convinced Jn his mind severall moneths before by the converse he had before with severall freinds at London and elsewhere. But as to [the] step of his publick coming forth the Lord made use of John Swinton then also prisoner with him as ane pretious Jnstrument to assist and strengthene him Though the Governour of the Castle to prevent the same caused shut up John Swinton severall weeks close prisoner but to no purpos And in the end of the forsd year Robert Barclay eldest son to the sd David Barclay having forsaken poprey Jn which he was educate Jn France and fallen Jn love with some general notions of freinds principles came by the power of God to be reached and bow to the Testimony of Truth to whom also the said John Swinton and ^ ames Holliday were Jnstrument al : which like ways did so iritatthegovernour of the Castle that he turned out Robert Barclay and stoped him for severall moneths from seeing his father. But he receiving the Truth in the Love of it Jn ashort time was blessed with a faithful! Testimony 92 RECORD BOOK OF FRIENDS ATT URIE. to bear for it and that with great power and authority from the Lord Jn which power he stood over all opposers both preists and people A faithfull preacher of the Ever­ lasting Gospell to the end of his days. Jn the beginning of the 3d moneth 1667 John Swinton Rob* Barclay and Geo : Keith went north and had a large meeting at Bayliston upon the first day of the week where the most pairt of freinds and freindly people Jn the north were gathered together And being greatly refreshed did there by mutual Consent appoint their Monethly Meeting to be upon the first third day of the week of every moneth through the whole year. Which Meeting did continue for some time Jn the Countrey and now establesed Jn Aberdeen and hath been of great service both in town and Countrey. At the forsd Meeting was convinced Christian Moly- sone eldest dr to Gilbert Molysone bayllie Jn Aberdeen, who came there with her mother Margaret Smith who had received the Truth severall years before and was one of the first of freinds at Aberdeen with Alexr Gelley Alexr Jaffray Marg* Andersone Jsobel Keilo Elspet Smith Bar bra Forbes and her Dr Elizabeth Johnstoun and Marg1 Forsyth who had been allarmed Jn or about the year 1658 by severall freinds from England as Wm Dews- bury and George Atkinson who came thorough this Natione sounding forth the day of the Lord. Jn the 4th Moneth 1667 David Barclay sent his son Robert and David Falconar (who had been convinced at Edinburgh Jn the year 1660 and severall times suffered Jmprisonment for the Truth there) north to live at his house of Urie which occasioned Meetings to be kept there on the first days of the week and also they dilligently kept the Monthly Meetings at Aberdeen. Jn the year 1668 Elizabeth Bur net wife to Robert Douglass of Tilquhillie was convinced at Edinr afterwards coming North she came openly to own the Truth. Jn the first moneth 1669 ther was a general meeting at Da Barclays house of Urie where most of all the freinds of the North were. At which Meeting came openly to own the Truth Robert Burnett of Muchells tutor1 of Leiyes 1 Tutor, in the law of Scotland, means a guardian of the person as well as of the estate of a boy under fourteen, and a girl under twelve. RECORD BOOK OF FRIENDS ATT URIE. 93 who thorow converse with freinds particularly with Hugh Hutcheson ane eminent and faithfull freind of the Minestrey of the countey of Northumberland. And also at that time John Skeen and Mary Bannerman wife to Geo : Leslie of Finracie in Murray came openly to own the Truth. Jn the same year P. Livingston, Jas Holiday and R. Barclay went north . . . travelled to the Orknays Jn the service of Truth and had many good oppertunities by the way particularly at the Synod Jn Elgine of Murray at Kirkwall in Orknay and in thee Isle of Stroma where upon a first day the priest disapointing the people by reason of some raine it so fell out the freinds had a notable oppertunitie with the people. Jn . 1669 or thereby came openly to own the Truth Wm Spark Jn Stonhyve and to frequent the Meetings of Freinds at Urie. Also at the same time James Silver and ah* halfe dosson of his family and . Geo Melvine John Hampton James Burness and some of their wives came to receive the Truth who though mean and Low as to the outward yet came boldly to own the Testimony of Truth through much suffering, the preist having beat Jas Silver with his own hands and caused his Servants to beat some of the rest for not bowing unto him. Jn the begining of the eleventh Moneth 1669 the fury and envy of Magistrates preists and people Jn and about Aberdeen began to grow very great so that at the Monethly Meeting the rabble being stirred up by some envyous spirits was like to have laid violent hands upon J. Swinton, P. Livingston and some others who were there, which fury was somewhat increased by Rob* Barclay's marriage which had been publickly preformed that morning Jn his wife's father's house . . . where­ by the preists found their authority so slighted and were so exasparated thereat that by the BP of Aberdeen's means they procured letters to summons R. B. before the privy councell for ane unlawfull marriage which matter was so overruled of the Lord that they had never power to put there summons Jn executione so as to doe us any prejudice. Jn the first moneth 1670 several of the frds of this meeting went to the Monthly Meeting at Aberdeen and 94 RECORD BOOK OF FRIENDS ATT URIE. . . . some of the Magistrates being stirred up by the Dreists sent their offishers to the meeting who violently !aid hands on severall freinds and had them all to their councell house where the Magistrates used much dis­ course diswading them to meet and in the end took a list of the countrey frds names so dismissed them, who returned streight to the meeting the time not being ex­ pired where they found the women frdi together and several people but they had not long been there upon the magistrates hearing thereof sent there omshers presently again who with greater fury then formerly pulled the men frds down to the Low councell house where the provost and councell upbraided them with dissobedience to magistracy. Ab4 the same year was convinced John Grave, an English freind being made Instrumental of his coming to Truth. Likeways ab* the same time Alexr Spark living then in the lands of Allardice having ane exercise and travell in his mind after the Lord came thorouly to be convinced of the Truth by converse with some frds and suffered imprisonment for the Truth's sake at several times. . . At Montrose Stonhyve and Abd he was made helpfull as ane Jnstrument of others coming to the Truth. Jn this year 1670 R. Barclay wrote his book Jntituled Truth cleared of Calumnies. Jnthe 12th mo : 1672 R. Barclay being in Abda as he awakened Jn the morning the Command of the Lord con­ cerning his goeing thorough the streets Jn sacloth and ashes came unto him and the burden was very great Until he gave up freely unto the Lord's will. So accord­ ingly Jn sacloth and ashes he went along the streets warning them to Repent and he was as a sign Unto them from the Lord. Jn the same year R. Barclay returned ane answer to William Mitchell preacher at Abn Jntituled Wm Mitchell unmasqued. n the year 1673 his Catechism and Confessione of faith. n the year 1674 The Anarchy of the Ranters. Upon the 25th of the 2d mo. 1675 there was a publick dispute at Abn betuixt Fds and the students where 4 of the sd students were convinced of the Truth. Ro* Barclay wrote his Apolagey A° 1675. RECORD BOOK OF FRIENDS ATT URIE. 95 About this time David Rait living in finlastoun came a litle to look after freinds but the litle love he had was quickly turned into hatred and desperat envy against Truth and frds so that he usewally came to friends Meet­ ings Railing and disturbing Jnsomuch that Thomas Feme ane english frd Jn his publick Testimony Jn the meeting where the sd David Raitt was railing and Jnter­ upting after long forbearance did in the Name of the Lord pronounce some remarkable Judgment very shortly to come upon him from the hand of the Lord. And Jn a fewe dayes after the sd D. Raitt fell under the most dreadfull terrour Jn his conscience, crying out that Gods Judgments were upon him for his wickedness against Fr*8 and urged continvally that Da : and Ro* Barclay should come and see him whereupon they w* Geo Keith and some other frds went to see him, and then he w* many tears begged forgiveness of them and cryed out help help help J never wronged any but you and will beg your help on my knees &c. After which freinds having forgiven him and prayed unto the Lord for him he was recovered againe and got ease. But proved so unthankful to God and his people that he turned to his former courses againe of reviling and disturbing their Meetings. So that the Lord being greatly provoked let loose a spirit of madness and dis- tractione upon him so they were necessitate to bind him and watch him thus was it frequently w* him unto his death and it is to be taken notice of as ane example. Jn the years 1678: 79 and 80 Frds were frequently imprisoned at Abd and under great and hard sufferings for their Testimony to the Truth. Likeways Wm Spark being cited by Geo : Keith Shirreff deput of Kincardne for not presenting his children to be sprinkled the sd Wm was necessitate to suspend him at Law at Edinburgh where before all the Judges the case was debated and by them decided in Wm Sparks favours2 to the dissapointing of the sd sherriff who 2 " Sparks' Case " is alluded to in vol. ii. of Lord Fountainhall's « Decisions," in connection with the law plea of Barbara Hodge versus Friends of Edinburgh, 1703. In the latter case, because Friends could not swear, it seemed not improbable that they would be deprived of their Meeting House. However, after lingering on for more than four years, the suit was at last decided in favour of Friends. See THE JOURNAL, ii. 125. 96 RECORD BOOK OF FRIENDS ATT URIE. intended to have distrained his goods for his Testimony against that popish custome and tradition. R. B. wrote the Vindication of Apology A° 1679. Jn and ab1 this time John and David Barclays w* Alexr Spark and other frds went to Jersey and abl the same time was a convincement upon severalls Jntheparochine of Arbuthnott though fewe stood faithfullto that they were convinced of but turned asid either through the fear of men or the love of this present world so left a pretious opertunity. but of those the Lord in his Love and mercy did bless w* a measure of stability was David Donaldson Smith at allardice and David Wallace a young man living w* his father and mother in the mains of Allardice these two met w1 opositiones of several kinds both of preists and people and particularly from their own relationes which occasioned a further exercise to them both by temptatione and threatnings but the Lord by his power did support them and was near when all refuge failed and Jn his love and mercy brought them thorow all their opositiones and difficulties, blessed be his holy name for evermore. By means of Alexr Arbuthnet preist of the parochine the Ladie Allardice cavsed David Donaldsone remove out of the lands of Allardice and it was remarkable shortly afterwards she was cavsed to remove herselfe by her own son sore against her will. And also the heady and envyous preist was turned out of his house and office and fell in contempt and shortly after died. [In 1686 Wm Wallace then living in Montrose and James Wallace in Bervie, brothers of the sd David Wallace were both convinced, & shortly afterwards Wm Beattie and his wife in Bervie " thorough converse with Fr*8 and opertunities of meetings occasionally held there" " but Wm Wallace turned aside."] [In 1689 David Falconar and his family came from Edinburgh to Kirktownhill " and there dwelt for severall years " and " abl the same time was David Lindsay near hackertown convinced of the Truth through converse w* Dd Falconar and his wife, also having the occasione of meetings held at Kirktownhill while they remained there."] Jn the end of the 7 th mo. 1692 John Scott son to Jas RECORD BOOK OF FRIENDS ATT URIE. 97 t Scott Jn Montrose came north to Stonhyve Jn Company w1 his father and other frds then coming to the six weeks meeting at Urie who before that time were very zealous in keeping the steeple house, yet after that he never returned to it againe altho for several years after he was often tempted to Returne and trye the preist. But being convinced Jn his mind that there was a living power among Frds altho he could not come at it which was a great travail and concern on his mind for several days and years and when the Lord's time drew near to visit him he was pleased first to reveale to him in a dream that he was excecute for his religon and being out [of] this world he met w* travelers on his way goeing as he suposed to hefaven] at whom he asked which is the way to heaven and he thought th[ey] shewed him a great lodging at a litle distance and desired him to go in there and they would shew him the way. Accordingly, he went streight there, and when he entered the door, he saw two men sitting in a large room to whom he said is this the way to heaven and they both rose and one of them whom he thought he knew was our Saviour came and stood before him and said follow me and the other whom he knew to be Geo : Fox came along w* him and he took our Saviour [by] the coatt thinking now I have got a good guide so they traveled on for a while till by reason of coming to some downward place with the fear thereof He wakened, this was about the end of the 2d mo. i6g[2] and about the beginning of the 3d mo. Patrick Robieson Jn Lithgow who was a living man and had a living testimony in Stonhyve by which the sd John was livingly reached and the nixt day yafter had a f[ull] and living visitatione from the Lord, so that from morning til night [he ?] could praise the Lord qch remained w* him for some days, and has had many touches yrof since y* time but never in such a full measure. Jn the year 16933 Thomas Rood ane english freind came hereaway bearing a Testimony Jn and thorow cities and towns as he traveled in Warning all to fear before the Lord the mighty God of Heaven and of earth and everyone to turn from the evil of their wayes. he went through most of the towns betwixt this and Ross John B[owstead] * Should be 1692. See Thos. Story's Journal. 98 RECORD BOOK OF FRIENDS ATT URIE. and Thomas Story two english freinds and Rob* Gerrard Jn Abn accompaned him al along to Jnverness and back againe Jn which Journey they had many good opertunities at several places. Jn the year 1694 Fetter Gardner ane english freind came here of the countey of Suffolk a weighty man of a discerning spirit he had great service for truth hereaway with good success in severall places particularly at Abn Urie and Montrose where many were wonderfully tendered and broken before the Lord and severall mouths were opened in testimony and prayer particularly at Abn Rou Gerrard James and Timothy Forbes and' Marg* Jaffray daughter to And: Jaffray at Urie Robert and David Barclay and their sisters Christian and Katherine and ther Ant Jean Molysone and Jo : White at Montrose Jean Beattie wife to Rolt Beattie. This P. G. was ane honest and faithfull man Jn his return home he fell sick of the smal pox at Carlile where he laid doun the body Jn the beginning of the year 1695. So is fulfilled that Scripture I wil take on of a City and two of a family and bring them to Zion.

James Wilson told Sam1 Neal of a Meeting he was at in London where was a great concourse of people, and amongst them persons of high rank in the world, who sat very attentively while a frd was speaking and seemed to like what was deliverd ; but when Thomas Wilson stood up, being old, bald and of a mean apperance they dispisd him and one said to another " Come, my Lord, let us go, for what can this old fool say ? " " No," said the other, " let us stay for this is Jeremiah the prophet let us hear him ; so as Thomas went on, the Life arose and the power got into dominion, which tendered one of ym in a very remarkable manner, tears flow'd in great plenty from his eyes, which he strove in vain to hide. After Thomas had sat down, he stood up, and desird he might be forgiven of Thomas and of the Almighty for despising the greatest of his instruments under heaven, or in his creation. From Fruits of Leisure in a Collection of Sundry Epistles, etc., collected by William Awmack.

1664/5. Memorandum as to the conviction of Quakers:—Margaret Bevis sent to prison for 6 months unless she pays 20!., John Pickett and William Larkin, convicted, and William Fairman, Mary Whittenbury, and Edward Parkin, who stood mute, were sent to Barbadoes. From Herts. Sessions Rolls. from jbtate (papers refaftng to FIRST SERIES.1

It is scarcely permissible to hope that the Friends' Historical Society will ever be able to publish a Supple­ ment which will equal or excel in interest " The First Publishers of Truth,"2 but the work of collecting from the Domestic Series of State Papers those documents which relate to Friends was well worth doing, as it serves to bring together in a handy and convenient form, papers which can only be seen in extenso in the Rolls Office, or in abstract in the published Calendars, which are not to be found in every library. The Extracts which are now published have been transcribed by Charlotte Fell Smith, and relate to the period from 1654 to 1658. They deal chiefly with the sufferings of Friends at the hands of the County Justices and the occasional interferences of the Lord Protector and his Council in order to mitigate them. Two of the documents contain reports by Friends as to the characters—for persecution—of the Justices of Northamptonshire and Dorsetshire, together with lists of names of other persons who were "moderate and against persecution," and fit to hold the office. Some of the Justices are said to be " cavaliers," but whether these exceeded in severity those who favoured the Parlia­ mentary party is not stated, and cannot be deduced from the records : what is certain is that the majority of the county gentry, from whom the Justices were drawn, were Royalist in their sympathies and would be no favourers of sectaries, who were known to have sympathised with the opposition to the King, and to be opposed to the forms and ceremonies of the Church. In fact, it was the difficulties that Cromwell experienced from the consti­ tution of the Bench that led him to make an interesting experiment in the creation of a military police, the Major- Generals, who are often mentioned in these pages. For 1 Journal Supplement, No. 8. Published for the Friends' Historical Society by Headley Brothers, Bishopsgate, E.G. 45. 6d. net. 2 Journal Supplements Nos. 1-5, bound in one vol., 153. net. Headley Brothers.

99 TOO EXTRACTS FROM STATE PAPERS. the purposes of this scheme England and Wales were divided into twelve districts under the headship of these officers, who were at first designed to co-operate with the Justices, but in many cases practically superseded them. They were assisted in their task by a special force of mounted militia, and when we realize that this body was rather a police force than a military force, we are not so much surprised, as otherwise we might have been, that the Dorsetshire Friends should recommend two persons, one to command and the other to be a cornet in the local troop (p. 13). The documents also show the numerous trumpery charges on which Friends were committed to prison, and kept there without trial from Sessions to Sessions, and from Assize to Assize. If a preaching Friend could not be brought within the conveniently wide definition of " a rogue and a vagabond, "he could easily be taken before a Court and committed for the contempt of not doffing his hat, when a " mittimus " would be made out and he would be sent to the county gaol, where the severity of his confinement seems to have varied in a direct ratio with the hardness or the softness of his gaoler's heart. The reasoned and reasonable explanation of their conduct, which must frequently have been given by early Friends when they were haled before the Shallows of the time, and which is to be found in a very perfect form in the remarkable document printed on pp. 39-45 of the Supple­ ment, had little effect on their judges, though one might almost have hoped that, in dealing with such a peaceable people, if the Justices were incapable of appreciating the reasons given, they might, at any rate, have found refuge—as the Council of State did—in supposing that their misconduct arose " rather from defects in their understanding than from malice in their wills" (p. 34). Amongst other items of interest included in the Supplement are a transcript of the first reference to Friends to be found in the proceedings of the Council of State, which occurs on the I4th June, 1654, and two petitions relating to the case of the unfortunate James Nayler, while mention should also be made of the Introduction, which deals with the Record Office and its contents and has been supplied by Mr. R. A. Roberts, an Assistant Keeper. Preston. H. W. CLEMESHA. Quaftetriem in Continued from p. 58.

FROM MAJOR HODDEN/ OF KINSALE, 1655/6. My Lord, I entreate leaue humbly to offer these few Words with ye Incloased Concerning ye psons called Quakers, &c. Many of them were jSsecuted in ye daies of y6 Late Bishopps by ye name of Puritans (though vnblameable in their Conversations) and Since haue faithfully served this Comon Wealth even in ye Worst of times and ye god of glorie therein Supported them through evill Reporte and good Reporte : and other names of Derision, too many here to Mention, While bloody minded, evill men, and seducers haue Waxed worse & worse, deceiving and being Deceived. And now, my Lord, I beseech you Consider that Reformacon is began, not finished, and y6 foundation & Drincipall pte thereof Spirituall, without which all outward ::ormes are but Deceipt. As it is written, wee looke for a new heaven and a new Earth wherein Dwells Righteous- nes, And it hath bien, & is hoped, that in this wast Lande may be Comfortable habitations for Religious English men, if thereunto incouraged. God hath heretofore Remembered his servte in their Low estate and it will be yor Joy Strength and happines to owne such in the Lord, And I also beseech you to take notice, againe & againe, how Pollitick and wise in their genration Some men are for other Ends than yor Service or the Peoples soules. I haue nothing to Say for Such as shall be fownd fighters against god, Denie his holynes, Justifie themselues in their Abominagons, or that cofnit other Misdemeanrs or breaches of y6 peace, God forbid. 1 " Major Richard Hodden, Governor of Kinsale, encouraged and protected the Quakers to such an extent that he was accused of holding atheistical principles " (Firth, Last Years of the Protectorate, 1909, ii. 155, see Thurloe, iv., 672, 698 ; Burton, Parliamentary Diary (1656-1659), 1828, ii. H3n; Besse, Suff. ii. 460. Lieutenant Mason, Deputy-Governor of Kinsale, also " shewed Moderation, and for the same he was complained of, and put out of his Employment in the Army " (Fuller and Holme's Compendious View of Sufferings . . . Ireland, 1731, p.125). Vol. vii.—74. 101 102 EARLY QUAKERISM IN IRELAND. These are private Lynes to yor Lordshpp6 out of a Deepe sence of my Duetie, and in Sinceritie of hearte as in y6 Sight of God, wherein (its Like) few will be soe free and plaine wth you. Which I the Rather am for that I haue (through ye Tender Mercie of god) had full knowledg of Divers of ye before Mentioned psons in England and here. Deare Sir, It will never Repente you that you Incourage Vertue, and punishe Vice, wherein I beseech y6 god of heaven to be yor Guide, in whom I am Yor Excies faithfull and Affec4 serv1 Ri. Hodden. Kinsale Jann 4th 1655.

ROBERT EVANS TO HENRY CROMWELL* AND HARDRESS WALLER,* 1656. jfor the comander in Chife of the jforces in Irland these To Henery Cromwell and Hardress Wallar freinds Whereas I ame Accused for demanding my pay and a discharg from thee Henery Cromwell in a miutinous and sedisous maner it is falce, I disowen it for I Came in the feare of God to desire a discharg of thee which thou did promis me. I demanded it not in a miutinous nor sedisous maner as thou of God in thy Conscience may wittness and as many peopele whoe were then present may wittness to the Contrary and when I Came to thy House to looke for thy promis I was put out of doors by the shoulder then I Came to thee again and gaue thee a paper sheweing the Justnes of what I desired of thee and in it demanded my wages not in a miutinous nor sedisous maner as yee falsey accus me and as that of God in all yor consicences may wittness to the Contrary and to the light of Christ in all tender Consicences who Reads that paper I leaue it to Judg whether thos words be spoken in a mutinous and sedisous maner which are written in that paper. Also to thee Hardress Wallar and the Rest of thy - That is, Henry Cromwell (1628-1674), son of the Protector, at this date Major-General of the Forces in Ireland, also Deputy-Governor. 3 Hardress Waller, one of the Judges of Charles I., wasMajor-General in Ireland. EARLY QUAKERISM IN IRELAND. 103 asistence at the Court Marshall soe called from whom I Receiued an unjust sentence without the breach of any Just law although I desired thee and the rest to make it appier wherein I had transgrased any Just law of God but yee did not. have yee passed Sentence vpon me becase I Could not Respect yor persons and soe transgras the Just law of God whoe is noe respecter of persons, which of all the Holly men of God who Judged for God in ages passt is yor example to pass a sentence of imprisonment, make slaue and banish a seruen for demanding his wages when he hath don his masters worke faithfully and hath leaue to depart from the Seruice. doth the Scripturs which yee say you owen Justify you hearin. Henery Cromwell I desire thee to Cause some Care to be taken wherby I may haue my cloths and other things of myn which is left with the Compainy where I was doing thy Seruice and the Comonwelths. allsoe I demand a discharg in writtings of thee being Chife in the nation accordeing to man and my wages alsoe whereby I may paye moneys where I owe it as at Athlon Balymoor and other places, for things which I had need of whilst I was in the seruice for which things I am free to paye before I be banished out of the land, if I may haue my due and if not upon yor accounts I leaue it to answer the Lord. Written by one not knowen to any of you but by the name of Rob Euans a prisoner for the truth sake, ffrom bridwell, the 3 of the nth month, 56.4 LIEUT.-COL. NELSON, Ross, 1657. Honrd Sir Upon the last Lords day whiles the Minister wass in Sermon the Drufner to Maior Hoddens late Companie, by name Rob : Whetstone,5 Came in and gaue publicke * Wrongly placed in chronological order in the rearranged Lansdowne MSS. owing to ignorance of the peculiarities of Quaker dating. It is to be found under November, 1656. 5 Robert Whetstone is mentioned in Besse's Sufferings, under Ireland, and also in Compendious View, p. 68. 104 EARLY QUAKERISM IN IRELAND. Disturbance with much bitterness of spirit and revillings. I haue Committed him, being a soldier I desire to know my Lords pleasure Concerneing him hee is the first qaker that hath giuen disturbance heere its good to nipp such spirits in the budd : I am under some distemper and Can not in larg. I Craue a word from you as to this, and the presenting my jTaithfull service to my Lord, with my harty acknowledgment for his fauor in admitting tow files af my men to goe to my Lott [?], which fauor with those many I haue receiued I hope hee will not find mis­ placed, pardon my trobleing of you and doe that right as to belieue mee to be cordially Your faithfull, affectionat, humble Servant, John Nelsonn. Ross, the 26th May, 1657. These for my honnrd jifreind Dockter Robert Gorge Secretarye to his excellencie the Lord Gennr11 Cromwell, in Dublin, r/sent.

At this meeting something was mentioned concerning Walter Long's selling of Jews-harps, George Gray & Ralph Jackson are desired to speak to him, that he may take the said Jews harps again and return their money to them that he sold them to, and that they be sent from whence they came. And the said friends are desired to speak to the Widow Culcop that she deliver the said Jews harps, which she bought, to Walter Long, from whom she had them. Walter Long having been spoken to concerning the selling of Jews harps, he promised to sell no more, and that he would be at part of the Loss of those that he sold and take them again to the satisfaction of this meeting. Philadelphia Monthly Meeting, soth of 8th Month, and 2jth of 9th Month, 1696. George Gray is desired to speak to friends next first day after the morning meeting, That they meet about the ninth hour in the morning, on first days, and not to exceed half an hour after that time. Phila. M.M. 24th of 9th Month, 1699. Printed in Publications of the Genealogical Society of Pennsylvania, vol. iv., no. 2. on ar> rcn0 >coo0 n

The earliest allusion to a Friends' School, which we have found in the Scottish Meeting records, is contained in the following minute of Edinburgh Quarterly Meeting for Twelfth Month, 1678 :— Jt being offered by freinds of Aberdeen that they are abowt to set up a publick schooll for teaching freinds children by a freind q° is to teach reading and wryting & Langwages and is Likewayes to have jnspec- tion over their Manners, the assistance of freinds generaly is called for in y* Matter and therefore it is Laid upon the freinds here to acqwaint their respective monthly meetings. 1 At the next Quarterly Meeting, the matter was again brought forward, with the somewhat vague intimation that " if any that hes children be willing to send them to Aberdeen, Caire will be taken of them at as easie a raite as mav be." *» It would seem that Aberdeen Friends met with unexpected hindrances — possibly a competent master was not at once forthcoming — for it was not until 1681 that they were able to carry out their intention. In that year two Schools were established, one at Kinmuck, under the care of John Robertson,2 the other at Aberdeen, probably for younger children, with Margaret Ker as mistress. 1 The original Minute Books are in D., but their condition is so tender that it is thought best not to check the quotations by them. [ED.] 2 John Robertson died at Kinmuck, 21 x. 1714, aged 77. He contri­ buted at least two volumes to the multitudinous controversial writings of the seventeenth century. The first, published in 1694, bears the graphic title Rusticus ad Clericum, or the Plow-Man rebuking the Priest. In A nswer to Verus Patroclus, wherein the Falsehoods, Forgeries, Lies, Perversions, and self-contradictions of William Jamison are detected, by John Robertson. William Jameson seems to have responded in a work entitled Nazianzeni Querela, whereupon J. R. issued, as a counterblast, Some Manacles for a Mad Priest. In March, 1703, application was made by the presbytery of Ellon to the Sheriff " anent Robertson the quaker schoolmaster and the remnant of that sect in Kinkell and Tarves. He desired an Act of Par­ liament to be produced for his warrant to suppress them, otherwayes he would not move." Two months later the presbytery complain " that the Sheriff doth nothing else but trifle in the matter of contumacious persons refer'd to him." After nearly two years " upon weighty considerations it is thought fitt to sist [i.e. to stop] the process against the quakers in Kinkell and Tarves for a time." Ellon Presbytery Records, part iv., p. 284, kindly communicated by Dr. Macnaughton, Stonehaven. 105 io6 EARLY SCHOOLS IN SCOTLAND. KINMUCK SCHOOL. We learn from a somewhat involved minute of Aber­ deen Quarterly Meeting, Fourth Month, 1685, that John Robertson's salary had been fixed at a hundred per annum, but that in the past year he had had only sixty pounds : John Robertson having come to this meeting and represented how it stands as to the 100 pound rent Jngaged to him with the School. That he wants 40 pounds theirof yearly which he is not able to do the thing upon without. And so desires frinds (seeing he hath cast himselfe Jdle for serving of Truth in that School) to be positive with him, Whether they desire him to continue Longer their in ; And in that case, That they may take some course ... to make up the said 100 pound for bygons & in tyme coming, ffrinds answer in this meeting is unanimously, That by all meins he continue theirin. The money was evidently provided, and the School flourished. In 1691, Aberdeen Friends, addressing London Yearly Meeting, write :— Our Living weighty concern continues as to the education of our young and hopefull Offspring Jn Jiicouraging and continuing that Schooll sett up a considerable tyme ago among us (to the great trouble of the priests) for the Latin toung and other Comendable Learning And severall Con­ siderable people of the World have sent their children their to : highly comending their profiting theirin beyond their own Schools. And some fruits also as to conviction and Conversion among the young ones hath been of great Jncouragment to us. In an Epistle from Friends of Aberdeen to the " correspondents " in London, 1692, the writers, speaking of Friends in the West of Scotland, lament " a very great want of that due care of their children's Education and preservation in the Truth severalls of them going back to the priests and worldly marriages " ; and, in connection with this, they complain that Friends of Edinburgh " had writt to some of you for some of frinds primers for children but had gote no answer therunto Wee Jntreat you dear frinds let this be speedily answered/ 1 Four years later Edinburgh Yearly Meeting, address­ ing Aberdeen Yearly Meeting, writes : — Your care in the education of Youth according to Truth and in keeping up and Jncouraging Schools for that purpose we are well satisfied with ; And our earnest desire is the same with yours, That frinds in other places of the nation may be as carefull That there Children be not exposed to snares which may prove hurtf ull or ruinous to them by being put to Schools of such as are not frinds, or to be servants to the people of the world ; EARLY SCHOOLS IN SCOTLAND. 107 which we are sensible has been hurtf ull in some places. But the Lord in his infinit Mercy by a renewed visitation hath of late reclaimed some Frinds children in the West who had formerly gone astray. In " Octr," 1695. we have a somewhat pathetic picture of the schoolmaster :— Jt being proposed to this meeting That because John Robertson our Schoolmaster finds himself weak and decaying and thinks fitt the pro- vyding of the Schooll of a sufficient master after his decess be in tym looked to. JFor which end John Glenny's son William is proposed That his father put him to J. R. to qualifie and fitt him theirfor yet more. And it is the sense of the meeting That he being sufficiently qualified and fitt theirfor He shall not be depryved of it when the tyme happens nor any other prefered to it befor him [with the important proviso] He behaving himself sutable to the Truth. In the year 1700, Elizabeth Dickson, a Friend of London, of Scottish descent, amongst other gifts to Friends in Scotland, made a " Donation " of £100 for the purpose of providing a schoolmaster at Kinmuck or else­ where in Aberdeenshire " to teach and instruct 6 boys in the art of reading their mother tongue, writing, arith­ metic, and the knowledge of the Latin tongue " ; whilst about the same time William Gellie, a Friend of Aberdeen- shire; left a legacy of 1,000 merks 3 (£55 us. ijd.) for a similar purpose. Aberdeen Friends decided, Fifth Month, 1702, that the half of the interest of Elizabeth Dickson's donation should be used to pay for the board of Isaac Winchester, one of the boys, and that John Robertson, the master, should have the other moiety. In 1708, it was agreed that the Schoolmaster at Kinmuck should have an Usher under him. He was also to board " whatsomever Children " of poor parents were recommended by Aberdeen Monthly Meeting, he receiving an allowance for each, of 4 bolls 4 of meal and half a boll of malt yearly. He was " to take particular cair of washing their Cloaths and other necessary attendance upon them, as to their dyet and keeping them clean and neat." Next year the usher was appointed in the person of Isaac Winchester. 3 The Scotch Merk was equal to 13^d. sterling, and the " pound Scots " to twenty pence sterling. 4 The Boll was an old dry measure in Scotland varying in quantity according to locality and the article measured. A boll of oats was equal to six bushels. (Chambers's Encyclopedia.) io8 EARLY SCHOOLS IN SCOTLAND. His salary was to be three pounds sterling, contributed in equal proportions by John Robertson the master, by Kinmuck Meeting, and by Aberdeen Quarterly Meeting. He was bound to give a year's notice to the Monthly Meeting before leaving ; whilst six months' notice only was required from the other masters and mistresses of Friends' Schools in the North. Accordingly, in the spring of 1712, we find him giving notice that he intended to leave at Whitsunday of the following year. On the death of John Robertson in 1714, one James Bean wrote to Aberdeen Quarterly Meeting, offering his services, and was accepted ; but he seems not to have been able to assume the duties, and the " Meeting for Sufferings " appointed the usher, Isaac Winchester, to fill the late master's place for a quarter of a year, till they " consider of his abilities and good behaviour in that Charge." In 1716, report was made that the School " is pretty well attended [to] by Isaac Winchester and that the Schollars are profiting accordingly." He continued master until his death in 1722, when William Glenny was appointed to succeed him. He was also expected to " entertain such Friends as come on the publick service of truth." In 1731 Isaac Valentyne was appointed usher " under Will. Glenny because of his infirmness at this time." He was to have for salary, either £20 (Scots, I presume, /i 135. 4d.) and the whole of " the Coledg fees," or 50 merks (£2 155. 6|d.) without the fees, which, in that case, would " fall to the master, Willm Glenny—in the sd William's option." William Glenny died in Eleventh Month, 1731/2, and Friends arranged in the following spring that his widow was to have the use of the " Croft and yard," with an allowance of £24 Scots (£2 sterling) for waiting on " publick Friends," for the ensuing year ; whilst Isaac Valentyne was to occupy " the low room " in the Meeting House, in which to teach the School, with a salary of £19 6. 8 Scots (£i I2S. 2Id.)—we may hope that this was in addition to the regular school fees ! In any case, he did not long retain the situation. In the following summer he " desired leave of Friends to give him Liberty to leave the School for the time of harvest," and in EARLY SCHOOLS IN SCOTLAND. 109 1733 it was decided to discharge him, and, if no better teacher could be found, to appoint Widow Glenny's son, John, to the vacant post, at a salary of 50 merks. About this time there seems to have been consider­ able unsettlement as regards the schoolmaster. John Glenny would appear to have been definitely appointed to the office at Whitsunday, 1734; but two months later James Bean " from England " was installed, and in Eighth Month, Alexander Gordon, of London, applied for it. Robert Barclay was directed to write to the latter " and tell him the real state of the Sallary of the sd School and get his positive answer." It would seem that, after all, " James Bean from England " was the successful candidate, for at the Quarterly Meeting in Fifth Month, 1735, Aberdeen Friends appointed two of their number " to Intimate to Jam5 Bean, Schoolmaster, that jfrds desires he may for the time to come take care to keep to Yearly and Quarterly Meetings or send his reasons with a member of their Monthly Meeting, other- ways Jncur the Cencure of the Quarterly Meeting." Three years later, Fifth Month, 1738, we find a minute of Kinmuck Monthly Meeting directing " James Bean to gett Divoits 5 cast and win [and brought] to the common stable belonging to Friends and bring in the accompt therof when sufficiently done, and he is to be paid." The next minute relating to the School which we have met with is dated 1764, when it is recorded that David Glenny " entred to the School of Kinmuck at the tearm of Martinmass, although he came not to it till some time afterwards, that liberty being granted him by the meeting ; his continuance there," the minute cautiously adds, " being to be according as he behaves regularly." Two years later he was still in office. When the School was discontinued we have not been able to discover ; probably before 1781, in which year Friends of Kinmuck Meeting subscribed -£10 19. for the 5 Divet or Divot is a thin flat oblong sod used for covering cottages, etc. It is cut from the surface of the " Moss," whilst peats are dug from below. Both need " winning " or drying. When " they are dug or cast from the moss at end of April, they are laid on the nearest dry piece of ground where they are exposed to the sun and wind until the end of August, when the '-leading' takes place." [Dr. Macnaughton in litt] no EARLY SCHOOLS IN SCOTLAND. recently established School at Ackworth, where were already six children from Scotland. ABERDEEN SCHOOL. As to the School established at Aberdeen under the care of Margaret Ker,6 one fancies from the following minute of the Quarterly Meeting, Fourth Month, 1682, that it must have been of a somewhat humble character : As to the provision for the School of Aberdene frinds concluds That the former provision be continued [i.e. " six bolls of meill and two bolls bear and house room in the Meeting House "] And have also found their hearts open to give her some further particular Jncouragment for the vear till the school Increase Also men frinds thinks meet That Lillias •/ +J Skene & Jsobell Gerard speak to Margaret Ker That she may take some care to accomplish herself in arithmetick and writting for the education of the children. The Schoolmistress would seem to have had her difficulties, but was energetically supported by the weighty Friends of the Quarterly Meeting. In Twelfth Month, 1682/3 it is recorded :— Frinds having a true sence that ther is cause for Jncouraging Margaret Ker Jn going on Jn teaching and Jnstructing frinds children in the fear of God and in outward knowledg : and being sensible of her pains and willingness theirin : Doe find fitt To appoint her former allowance to be continued for the year to come : And that frinds who have withdrawn their children from her be weightily dealt with to return them again ; that so they may not weaken the hands of frinds. And lykwise that she be spoke to get a good stocking weaver against the nigh term ; And also otherways seek to accomplish herselfe Jn writting [and] arithmetick for the benefite of frinds children. In 1697, Elizabeth Robertson is mentioned as School­ mistress at Aberdeen. In 1700, the School funds benefited by a donation of £50 from Elizabeth Dickson " for a schoolmistress to teach 3 girls in the art of reading their mother tongue and sewing and making plain work/' whilst Mary Bannerman, a Friend of Aberdeen, gave 100 merks (£5 us. ijd.) for the same purpose. In the spring of that year : — Marg* JafFray having in the Love of Truth offered her service to frinds as to teaching ther children and undertaking the Womens Schooll 6 Margaret Ker was married at Aberdeen, in 1687, to Daniel Monro, of London. The births of three sons are noted in the London records. She would seem to have died at Norton, nr. Stockton-on-Tees, in 1718, three years after her husband. EARLY SCHOOLS IN SCOTLAND. in

Which Frinds in this meeting unanimously hath true and full unity with And refers it to the Worn ens Meeting to concert the matter terms & fond theirof more fully. However, Margaret Jaffray cannot long have remained Schoolmistress, as she was travelling in the ministry in England and Ireland in the autumn, and in 1701 she was married to a Friend in England. In 1701, Alice Kinier was appointed mistress at a salary of £56 13. 4 Scots (£4 145. 5jd.), but it is doubtful whether she accepted the office. At all events we shortly find the name of Rachel Gellie as Mistress,r and bv*/ the end of 1702, Jean Skene was installed. We gather from the minute recording her appointment that the School had not flourished under all these changes. The minute concludes :—" Friends are desyred not to withdraw their Children from [the School] much Less to put them to any other School." The trouble as to teachers was by no means ended, for, in less than six months, the minutes record that " Jean Skene having dimitted" the Women's School, Ann Chalmers of Inverury is to be asked to take her place. This, however, after three months' consideration, Ann Chalmers declined to do, so harassed men Friends appeal to women Friends to make diligent search for a teacher " that it [the School] be not Letten fall." Probably Lillias Glenny was the Friend discovered after diligent search, for a Quarterly Meeting minute of " Octr," 1706, narrates that :— Lillias Glenny having come to this meeting and humbly signified her sence of her miscariag in hastily Leaving the schooll contrary to frinds sense and that now she purposes thorow mercy to accept thankfully of it from frinds and cleave to it and not to Leave it without frinds consent (wpon 6 months advertisment) And so the meeting gives the scooll to her to begin at this hallowday so called Xov 1706. Next year Aberdeen Friends again declare " ther universall sence that no frinds children ought to be put to Schools of the world to be ther in such danger of hurt," " especially," adds the minute, " when frinds have taken care to set up sutable schools to Truth both in City and Country." 7 This minute would seem to have been 7 Friends were, however, permitted by Edinburgh Yearly Meeting (1712) to contribute to the salary of the parish schoolmaster, " providing there is nothing of precentor's fees mixed with it." H2 EARLY SCHOOLS IN SCOTLAND. specially aimed at one Robert Keith, who had " put his children to the vain schoolls of the world," " contrary to the absolut method and practise of all true frinds," and, when visited, was found to be " wilfull and obstinat therin without any solid reason." Another committee was appointed to labour with him, " and if he prove obstinat still, To desire him to come to the nixt Yearly Meeting to speak to frinds." Accordingly, the labours of the second committee being also unavailing, " the said Robert appeared before Friends, who weightily spok to and dealt with him as to our testimony in the Christian Education of our Children in the Truth. He expressed his sorrow befor the Meeting for greeving frinds and that he Jntended to redress it with the first Conveniency." In 1719, the by no means exorbitant salary of the Schoolmistress had to be reduced in consequence of the loss of a portion of the Meeting funds through the default of someone to whom the money had been lent ! The state of the women's School at Aberdeen being laid before this meeting and Patience JafEray seeming inclined to enter again to it, Friends are willing she doe, but have ordered to acquaint her that since the fond appointed to that end is somewhat diminished by loss with Ludwharn, she or any other person that officiats in the School can expect no more sallary than the fond affords, with that loss. Whether Patience J affray accepted the position with the reduced salary we do not know, but at best her tenure of office must have been brief, as she married Joseph Miller, of Edinburgh, in 1721. The School seems to have been discontinued before long, and we hear no more of it until Eighth Month, 1731, when there was a suggestion that " the Womens School " at Aberdeen should be revived, Elizabeth Robertson being proposed as mistress ; and next year she was definitely appointed at a salary of 40 merks Scots per annum. She was to occupy the two upper rooms in the Meeting House, " formerly used" for the School. Whether she really assumed the duties of Schoolmistress on the modest salary of £2 45. 5^d. sterling per annum, and if so, how long she continued to teach the youth of Aberdeen, we do not know. Meetings and minutes become increasingly irregular, and there would seem to be no further mention of the School. EARLY SCHOOLS IN SCOTLAND. 113. OTHER SCHOOLS. There are in the Meeting books one or two allusions to other Schools in Scotland, but they are so slight that we may suppose the Schools were not maintained for any length of time. Thus, at Edinburgh Quarterly Meeting, Ninth Month, 1709, Charles Ormston, of Kelso, reported :— Som sufferings that they have had through the magistrets of Jedbruch Endevoring to extrud Jean and Sarah Stagg out of ther toun upon hir keeping scoole ther and that after they had represented the maiter befor the Justices of peace of that shire they had been pleased to grant to the said Jean & Sarrah Stagg protection to stay in the toun. In 1711, mention is made of a Friends' School at Ury of which John Glenny was master. The following extract from the Arbuthnott Kirk Sessions Records, kindly supplied by Dr. W. A. Macnaughton, of Stonehavenr gives the only intimation we have of another Friends' School in the North. 1691, December 16. The qlk day the minister informed the session that it was reported to him that William Wallace in Barnyards of Allardes, who is a quaker, had set up a school, which he thought good should be stopt, and that it should be enacted that neither popish or quaker school should be tolerate in the parioch. W. F. MILLER. Winscombe, Somerset.

Letter from MR. THO. RICHARDS to MR. JOHN CHAUNCEY :— St. Albans, n Jan., 1683. " My business falls out soe that I cannot possibly waite on you on Munday, so must desire your pardon for my non-attendance. There is a Quakers' meeting constantly held every Sunday at Wood Greene, in Hemelhempstead parish, Mr Marston one of the high constables of Dacorum hundred lives hard by and I don't hear hee euer disturbed them. I thought fitt to acquaint you with it that you may admonish Marston." From Herts. Sessions Rolls, 1581-1698.

It makes one weep to think how our middle-class people neglect their genealogies, so that they know nothing of their own people, and have- no pride, and learn no lessons from the past.—BESANT AND RICE. Quoted in Family Records, by Charlotte Sturge, 1882. , of

John and Charles Lynch, sons of Charles and Sarah Clark Lynch, were the founders of Lynchburg, Va. The Clark family were Friends, and, after the father's death, the children, with their mother, became members of Cedar Creek Monthly Meeting. Their father left them the owners of large tracts of land. John, the elder brother, kept the home place, where Lynchburg now stands. In nth January, 1755, Charles Lynch and Anne Terrill were reported " clear " of other engage­ ments by the Meeting at Cedar Creek, and the following day were married and started for what was then a far western home—the undeveloped lands in Bedford County, where the buffalo still roamed and Indians were plentiful. As soon as his new home at Green Level was finished, Charles Lynch helped to build and organise a Quaker Meeting. This was the first public place of worship in that part of Virginia ; and when the Meeting was broken up by the Indians (it was during the French and Indian War} he removed the congregation to his own house, where his armed negroes could ward off their attacks. It has been said that it is difficult to over-estimate the influence of these Quaker pioneers (of whom Charles Lynch was chief) in estab­ lishing better relations with the Indians, and fostering a spirit of peace and justice amongst the neighbours. Lynch soon became a leading man, and already in 1763 had great wealth in the form of tobacco, cattle and slaves. He was asked in 1764 to become a member of the Assembly, but refused as inconsistent with his Quaker principles. But in the excitement of Stamp Act days, when it was difficult to get a proper Representative from the West, he saw differ­ ently, and in 1764, at the age of thirty-five, was elected to the House of Burgesses, and held his seat until the colony became an independent State. It was then necessary that he take the oath, and in December, 1767, " Charles Lynch is disowned " for taking " Solemn Oaths " from the little Meeting he had fostered and cared for, and where his words of " admonition " had been heard. In heart he was not greatly changed, and he raised his children Friends. When the Revolutionary struggle began he helped raise and enlist troops for home protection. His Quaker principles prevented him from going into the army for a time, but finally " the Court of Bedford " in 1778 " doth recommend to his Excellency the Gov., Chas. Lynch, as a suitable person to exercise the office of Col. of Militia," he saw the need and accepted. At this time in his history occurred the event that has made his name famous—a conspiracy in his home neighbourhood that he promptly put down with the help of his troops, and caused its 1 From Dorothy Payne, Quakeress, by Ella Kent Barnard, 1909. See THE JOURNAL, vii. 38. 114 CHARLES LYNCH, OF LYNCHBURG, VA. 115 leaders to be sentenced and imprisoned, thereby exceeding his legal powers. In Richmond, Jefferson, then Governor, had fled from the capital, where all was in confusion, and there was much excuse for his action. With " his Rough Riders of the West " and his son, a lad of sixteen, he marched against Benedict Arnold and then to North Carolina in time to be present at the battle of Guilford Court House, when he won the commendation of that other Quaker General, Nathaniel Greene, who kept him with him, until after the surrender of Cornwallis. His services are described by Robert E. Lee in his history of his father's regiment. At the end of the war Lynch again took his seat in the Assembly, before which he brought up the unlawful action he had taken during the war. The result was the following Act, which was passed by the Virginia Legislature after the Revolution :— " Whereas, divers evil-disposed persons in the year 1780 formed a conspiracy and did actually attempt to levy war against the common­ wealth, and it is represented to the present General Assembly that Charles Lynch and other faithful citizens, aided by detachments of volunteers from different parts of the State, did in timely and effectual measures suppress such conspiracy, and whereas the measures taken for that purpose may not be strictly warranted by law, although justi­ fiable from the imminence of the danger, Be it therefore enacted that the said Charles Lynch and all other persons whatsoever concerned in suppressing the said conspiracy or in advising, issuing or exacting any orders or measures taken for that purpose, stand indemnified and exonerated of and from all pains, penalties, prosecutions, actions, suits and damages on account thereof. " And that if any indictment, prosecution, action or suit shall be laid or brought against them or any of them for any act or thing done therein, the defendant or defendants may plead in bar and give this act in evi­ dence "—" Atlantic Monthly " (December, 1901), Thomas Walker Page, and " Friends' Records of Cedar Creek Monthly Meeting."

1675. "A return made by the constables of Baldock, of the goods that they tooke away from the quakers for their meeting as followeth :— i s. d. James Caudell, 2 paire of shooes .. .. oo 05 oo Anthony Fage, 2 bushell of malte .. .. oo 05 oo Richard Shephard, i dozen of candles .. .. oo 04 06 John Izard (?) 6 paires of stockings .. .. oo 05 oo And if it please your worship here is all that we could come at for all the gates and doores were all lockt that we could come at, noe more of theire goods therefore we would desire your worship not to be very strict with us for we have done our endeavours for to get them all distrayned.1' From the Hertfordshire Sessions Rolls. (TUecftng

AT FRENCHAY MEETING HOUSE, NEAR BRISTOL. Men's Two Weeks Meeting of Bristol, 1667-1784. n vols Men's Monthly Meeting of Bristol, 1784-1869. Men's Monthly Meeting of Frenchay, 1692-1869. 9 vols. Bristol and Frenchay Monthly Meeting, 1869 to date. Women's Two Weeks Meeting of Bristol, 1755-1784. 2 vols. Women's Monthly Meeting of Bristol, 1784-1869. Women's Monthly Meeting for West Division of County of Gloucester (Frenchay) 1754-1869. 4 vols. Women's Monthly Meeting of Bristol and Frenchay from 1869.

MEN'S TWO WEEKS MEETING OF BRISTOL,i MEN'S M.M. OF FRENCHAY, 1667-1784 1692-1869 MEN'S M.M. OF BRISTOL, 1784-1869. I

BRISTOL AND FRENCHAY M.M. from 1869. WOMEN'S TWO WEEKS MEETING OF WOMEN'S M.M. FOR WEST DIVISION BRISTOL, OF COUNTY OF GLOUCESTER 1755-1784 (FRENCHAY), I 1754-1869 WOMEN'S M.M. OF BRISTOL, 1784-1869

WOMEN'S M.M. OF BRISTOL AND FRENCHAY, from 1869.

2 mo. 1 8, 1693. Mary Gore's daughter the last meeting was to go to live with James Laithwaite, & she refused to live there, friends having had the thing under consideration, friends do order her the said girl to return to her place again, & if she refuse to take friends advice in the matter, her mother is not to entertain her, but to turn her out & let her fend for herself. 9 mo. 21, 1699. It is advised by this meeting that friends do not let their daughters or servants go to the " paistry " schools with the world's children but teach them at home what is decent and of good report in that matter. From Minutes of Hardshaw Women's M.M. 1 See THE JOURNAL, iv. 62. 116 (puBficaftott of a £ompfete (B&ifton of Q#rtfing0 of (HKfftam (penn. Albert Cook Myers, of Moylan, Pa., has issued a circular in which he suggests the publication of a complete edition of the works of William Penn. No edition of the writings of Penn has been issued since 1825, and this one was not so full as the first, dated 1726. A. C. Myers pro­ poses to include in his edition a large number of hitherto unprinted letters of Penn in the possession of descendants of the Founder and others, in all parts of the world. It is expected that the materials to be collected, with those previously printed, will require at least ten volumes of, say, 400 pages each. The estimated cost of the preparation of the " copy" for the printers is $18,000, of which sum about $15,000 has been received ; we should be glad if Friends interested in this project would assist in providing the remainder. Subscriptions will be received and acknow­ ledged by the Editor of THE JOURNAL. The following resolution was passed at the recent annual meeting of the Historical Society :— This meeting, having heard with interest the proposal to print a complete set of the works of William Penn, under the editorship of Albert Cook Myers and with the co-operation of the Historical Society of Pennsylvania, approves the said proposal, and commends it to the favourable consideration and the financial support of Friends. It is hoped that Meetings, and individual Friends and others, who are in possession of letters and other documents written by William Penn, will be willing to place them at the disposal of the Editor. Further information may be obtained from Albert Cook Myers, M.L., Kentmere Lodge, Moylan, Pa., or Norman Penney, F.S.A., F.R.Hist.S., Devonshire House, Bishopsgate, London, E.G.

1662. Memoranda of persons who are " annabaptists, independents and quakers, who were gathered together to bury an old man in an orchard" contrary to law, etc., and refused to yield obedience to a warrant sent by Thomas Arris, esq., justice of the peace. 1665: Presentment of Nicholas King, of Chesthunt, bricklayer, for suffering a conventicle in his house, and also a burying-ground in his orchard. Signatures follow. From Herts. Sessions Rolls, i vol. vii.—75. 117 in Cumnf

The latest review of Miss Stahelin's translation of the Journal of George Fox that has come to hand is from Die Christliche Welt, a monthly paper published at Marburg. The reviewer, Rudolf Schwarz, by way of thanks to the translator for her valuable gift to all interested in Christianity or religion, states that, after his first rapid perusal, he found it " simply impossible " to say anything about the book, such is " the wealth of concrete religion which speaks from its pages." Even after reading it at leisure, the impression made is so " great " that he scarcely knows where to begin. After reference to the striking features in the life of George Fox, and the character of his teaching, his visions, his sufferings and imprison­ ments, he says that the union of the " ecstatic and ethical" places Fox almost on a level with the Old Testament prophets. He finds, however, not only Old Testament parallels, but experiences similar to such as are related in the Gospels and Acts. As one instance out of many, he places side by side the shaking of the place of assembly after prayer recorded in Acts iv. 31, with the occasion when " the mighty power of the Lord was over all," and " the appearance thereof so wonderful that priest Bennett said * the church shook.' " The practical side of the character of George Fox and his genius for organisation are not overlooked ; but the reviewer points out as most remarkable that in all his career, whether as prophet or organiser, before all else there lived and worked in him a seed of God, a clear inner light from Jesus Himself. In conclusion Mr. Schwarz quotes the passage from Wernle's Intro­ duction to the book, in which the Professor pays an eloquent tribute to the fruits of Quakerism. An abstract of further valuable articles on "The Origin of Quakerism," by Pfarrer Sippell, of Schweinsberg, appears in the " Friends' Quarterly Examiner," for Seventh Month. ISAAC SHARP. The poetical pieces written at various times by Frederick Prior Balkwill (1832-1909) have been collected into a volume, Hymns and other Poems (York: Sessions, pp. 119 + 66, 7^ by 5, 23.). Poems by F. P. Balkwill's father, Joseph Hancock Balkwill (1805-1844) and his wife, Mary Balkwill (nte Ashford) (1826-1888), have been included. The annual volume issued by the Croydon and Saffron Walden Old Scholars' Association (Hon. Sec., Grace H. Farrington, Winchmore Hill, London, N.) contains an excellent portrait of M. Ethel Crawshaw, assistant librarian of Friends' Reference Library, Devonshire House. The Bury Visitor, May 2jthf has an article of one column length, relating to Roger Haydock (1644-1696), written by Robert Muschamp, of Radcliffe, Lanes. IIS FRIENDS IN CURRENT LITERATURE. 119

In the March number (vol. iv., no. 2) of the Publications of the Genea­ logical Society of Pennsylvania (Phila.: 1300 Locust Street), about 120 pages are occupied with a continuation of extracts from the Minutes of Philadelphia M.M., 1690 to 1699. A rapid glance at these reveals the large number of " differences " between Friends which required and received attention, there having been many Friends who " misconducted to the dishonor of Truth " in those days, and also the large number of minutes by which marriages were passed. William McMurray, Clerk of the united parishes of " SS. Anne and Agnes, Aldersgate, and St. John Zachary, London," is about to issue to subscribers only, a collection of documents illustrative of the history of these parishes from the twelfth century, under the title The Records of Two City Parishes. Mr. McMurray writes that these Records will contain extracts relating to the Bull and Mouth Meeting House, and to various individual Friends. The Author's address is St. Anne and St. Agnes, Gresham Street, London, E.G. The Radcliffe Guardian, for June 4th, contains an account of Friends of Edgworth and district, Lanes., with a view of the Meeting House. Friends arose, apparently, about 1760, the prominent families being Thomasson, Horrocks, Wood, Ecroyd, etc. Ralph H. Crowley, M.D., M.R.C.P., late Medical Superintendent to the Bradford Education Committee, and Honorary Physician to the Bradford Royal Infirmary, has published through Methuen & Co., The Hygiene of School Life (pp. 403, with seventeen illustrations, 33. 6d. net). Various references to Friendly localities are to be found in Highways and Byways in Buckinghamshire, by Clement Shorter, illustrated by Frederick L. Griggs (London : Macmillan, 8 by 5^, pp. 344, 6s.). The Northampton Independent of June i8th has the following under the heading, " Historic Cottages at Flore for Sale " :— The sale of freehold cottages and building land at Flore, which is advertised in another column by Messrs. Pierce & Thorpe to take place next Friday, possesses historic interest on account of the fact that two of the cottages formerly formed a Quaker Meeting House, and ancestors of some of the Presidents of the American Republic were buried in the garden adjoining, which was used as a burial ground. The property is very ancient, the deeds relating to it dating back to the third of May, 1678, when it was purchased for the Floure Friends for ^30 of good and lawful money from William Dunkley, of Floure, mason, and Dorothy, his wife, by Thomas Poole, of Floure, husbandman. It changed hands again twenty-six days later, when, as the deed sets forth :—" This indenture, made the nine and twentieth day of May, in the thirtieth year of the reign of our Sovereign, Charles II., by the Grace of God, King of England, Scotland, France and Ireland, between Thomas Poole, of Floure, in the County of Northampton, husbandman, on the one part, and John Gibbs, of Bugbrooke on the other." At that time a barn stood on the site now occupied by the cottages. The earliest record of burials in the ground are those of Richard Adams 120 FRIENDS IN CURRENT LITERATURE.

in 1699, John Adams in the same year, and Nicholas Adams, 1714, who are ancestors of John Adams, President of the United States of America, 1797-1801. In The Daltonian (Dalton Hall, Manchester) for April, there is a portrait of John Wilmer Green, son of our esteemed contributor, Joseph Joshua Green, of Tunbridge Wells. The numerous and beautiful illustrations in Chester (London : Black, 9 by 6^, pp. 184, 73. 6d. net) are from paintings by E. Harrison Compton, son of Edward T. Compton, and grandson of the late Theodore Compton, of Sidcot, Somerset. Another dainty little volume comes from The Biddle Press, of Philadelphia, entitled In Memory of Whittier, and composed of verses by John Russell Hayes, of Swarthmore, Pa., with illustrations at almost every opening. The price is fifty cents post paid. Headley Brothers can supply copies. The Pedigree Register (Sherwood, 227, Strand, W.C., 2s. 6d. per quarter) for June has a valuable introductory article on " The Study of Ancestry—Some Reflections." We commend to our readers a pamphlet by Edward Grubb, M.A., entitled The Meaning of Membership in a Christian Society : with special Reference to the Society of Friends. (London : Headley Brothers, 6J by 4, pp. 48, 6d. net.) The contents are divided thus :—Are we a Christian Society ?—Is a Definite Membership Desirable ?—Membership by Birth­ right.—Dissociation.—Applications for Membership. Through the kindness of A. C. Myers a copy of Pennsylvania at the Jamestown Exposition, Hampton Roads, Fa., 1907, has been placed in D. This volume of 360 pages contains many allusions to Friends, also reproductions of Heemskerck's and Allard's pictures of early Quaker Meetings and of the first oil portraits by Benjamin West, c. 1753, when a boy, representing Robert Morris and his sister Jane. There is also a portrait of A. C. Myers, a director of the Penna. State Historical Exhibit. The Year Book of the Pennsylvania Society, New York, 1910, is to hand. A report by the Society on the grave of William Penn at Jordans is included, containing letters from Lord Ranfurly and Andrew Carnegie ; " The investigation discloses the fact that the grave of the great Quaker is not neglected, and that it is surrounded by no conditions that should occasion either alarm or neglect." The new gold medal of the Society for " distinguished achievement " is reproduced as an illustration ; on the obverse is a beautifully executed portrait of Penn, in armour, in profile, and the reverse presents three male figures typifying Force, Character, and Intelligence, to whom Renown is awarding sprigs of laurel. The new volume in the " Religion of Life Series," edited by Rufus M. Jones, is Selections from the Works of William Penn (London : Headley Brothers, 64 by 4^, pp. 68, is. 6d. and 2s. 6d.). These selections were FRIENDS IN CURRENT LITERATURE. 121 gathered by Dr. Isaac Sharpless, who writes the Introduction; they are to be recommended as specimens of the words of a great and good man. The Friends' Tract Association of London has just issued No. 15 of its series " Friends Ancient and Modern "—Thomas Ellwood, the Friend of Milton, by Alfred Kemp Brown, M.A. (London : Headley ; New York : Friends' Book and Tract Committee; 6J by 5^, pp. 39, id. net). There are four full page illustrations—Ellwood's House, Newgate Gateway, Milton's Cottage, and Jordans Burial Ground. Early last year a souvenir volume appeared entitled " Peace and the Churches," descriptive of the visit of German Pastors to England (see JOURNAL, vi. 44). A corresponding volume is now issued, Friendly Rela­ tions between Great Britain and Germany. Souvenir Volume of the Visit to Germany of Representatives of the British Christian Churches, June jth to 2oth9 1909, edited by F. Siegmund-Schultze and printed by H. S Hermann, Berlin. It is a handsome volume of 2 3 5 quarto pages, with many portraits, including those of J. Alien Baker, M.P., Barrow Cadbury, Right Hon. John E. EUis, M.P., Dr. J. Rendel Harris, and Edward Grubb, M.A. Volume x., New Series of the Transactions of the Cumberland and Westmorland Antiquarian and Archaological Society^ edited by W. G. Collingwood, M.A., F.S.A., and printed by Titus Wilson, of Kendal, has been distributed to the members of the Society. It is a volume of about 55° Pages> containing an article by J. Brownbill, M.A., and the late Harper Gaythorpe, F.S.A.Scot., on " The Askews of Marsh Grange," in which the descent of Margaret Fell, nee Askew, from Anne Askew, the martyr, given in Maria Webb's book, is stated to have no foundation. There are other Quaker references. It is satisfactory to hear that A. M. Guminere's Quaker in the Forum (see JOURNAL, vii. 84) is having a good sale. As a book of reference on the subjects of which it treats, it is invaluable. Many passages have been marked for further use. In the Autobiography of Alien Jay (1831-1910), we have a valuable history of many modern movements among Friends in America. The writings of one who was an actor in many of these movements is sure to be consulted with advantage by future historians of Quakerism. We read here of early missionary effort, of the disastrous results of Separations, of the seed sowing and harvesting in the field of education, of the " Balti­ more Association to Assist and Advise Friends of the Southern States," of two visits to Europe, of the origin of the American Board of Foreign Missions and the Five Years Meeting. Of his first wife, Martha A. Jay, Alien Jay writes :— " She was a real helpmate and was anxious that I should do the work well. She would tell me of my mistakes in grammar, pronunciation, and gestures ; sometimes showing me how I stood in the gallery, and what I did with my hands. She taught me to keep my hands out of my pockets while I was talking. She labored hard to break me of the habit of speaking so loud ... I will always remember one morning when I was going to drive ten miles to attend the quarterly meeting I had bade her farewell 122 JOHN SOTCHER. and started to drive away, when she came up to me with a very solemn face and said very deliberately : ' My dear, I am going to be very busy to-day, and will not have time to listen, so thee need not preach loud enough for me to hear/ " If more ministers' wives were as faithful there would be fewer mannerisms to lessen the value of preaching. The chapter on " Beginnings in the Ministry, "from which above quotation is taken, has been reprinted by London Y.M.'s Committee on the Ministry. (Phila­ delphia : Winston ; London : Headley; 8£ by 5^, pp. 421, and illustrations. xo—6s. net.} The Wellington Weekly News, of June 22nd, has a long account of the opening of new premises for recreative purposes, built by the firm of Fox Brothers & Co., serge manufacturers, at Tonedale, Wellington, Som. Joseph H. Fox, J.P., head of the firm, traced the history ot the business over more than 200 years, first in the hands of the Were family, and then of the Fox family. An illustration of the new buildings is presented with above issue. As a supplement to the volume issued nine years ago on the occasion of the accession of King Edward the Seventh, Headley Brothers have published a Souvenir of the Presentation of an Address from the Society of Friends to King George V. This beautifully printed pamphlet records the visit of sixty Friends to St. James's Palace on the 22nd of Sixth Month, to present an address, and also gives a selection of other addresses to previous occupants of the throne of Great Britain and Ireland. Portraits appear of the King, Queen, and Prince of Wales, and of Henry Lloyd Wilson, who read the address, and a photographic reproduction of the address is added. A limited edition has been printed ; copies may be obtained at five shillings each net. NORMAN PENNEY.

, Q#iffiam o.t (p£nne6utrj> (Manor.

t There is a sketch of this Friend, written by Josiah Granville Leach, in the Publications of the Genealogical Society of Penna., vol. iv. Sotcher accompanied Penn to Pennsylvania in the ship Canterbury, in 1699, and at once took up his duties at the Manor. He married Mary Loftus, who was also occupied at Pennsbury, in 1701, and on Penn's return to Europe his wife and he were left in charge. About 1708, Sotcher left Pennsbury and established a ferry across the Delaware, between Bristol and Bur­ lington in New Jersey. He became a member of the Provincial Assembly and was also an Elder of the Falls Meeting. His death took place in 1729. of

TOTAL MEMBERSHIP ...... 413 Abbatt, Dilworth, Braeside, 30, Higher Bank Road, Fullwood, Preston. Abraham, E. Mitford, 54, Haxby Road, York. Abraham, Emma Clarke, Riverham, Grassendale Park, Liverpool. Ackworth School, Pontefract, Yorks. Albright, William A., 29, Frederick Road, Birmingham. Alien, Henry J., Montrose, Monkstown, Co. Dublin. Alien, William C., 444 West Walnut Avenue, Redlands, Cal. Alsop, David G., Haverford, Pa. Antrum, Harriet Stockton, Burlington, N.J. Appleton, Lewis, F.R.Hist.S., 15, Old Quebec Street, London, W. Armitage, John William, 31, Ironmarket, Newcastle, Staffs.

Backhouse, Edward, White House, Stockton-on-Tees. Backhouse, William A., St. John's, Wolsingham, Co. Durham. Baily, Joshua L., Ardmore, Pa. Baker, George, The Green, Acomb, York. Baker, Philip B., Braeside, 38, Platts Lane, Hampstead, London, N.W. Baker, William King, M.C.C., Gaspereau, Acton, London, W. Balkwill, Alfred Payne, 20, Hill Park Crescent, Plymouth. Ball, Richard F., Theydon Copt, Epping. Baltimore Friends' Library, Park Avenue, Baltimore, Md. Bancroft, William P., Wilmington, Del. Baptist Historical Society, W. T. Whitley, M.A., LL.D., 53, West Cliff, Preston. Barrow, Thomas, Baldrand, Lancaster. Barrow, Walter, Lawn House, Edgbaston, Birmingham. Barton, George Aaron, A.M., Ph.D., Bryn Mawr, Pa. Barton, Joshua L., M.D., 117 East 6ist Street, New York, N.Y. Beakbane, Henry H., The Heath, Stourport. Begg, William J., 30, Marlborough Road, Cathcart, Glasgow. Belfast Preparative Meeting. Bell, Henry, Summerville, Waterford. Benington, George, The Glade, Bush Hill Park, Enfield. Bettie, Edward, Jun., Haverford, Pa. Bevan-Naish Library, Dr. Johnson Passage, Bull Street, Birmingham. Biddle, John W., Forrest Building, Philadelphia, Pa. Bigland, John, Henknowle, Bishop Auckland. Binyon, Mrs. Thomas W., Spring Grove, Bewdley. Birkbeck, Robert, F.S.A., 20, Berkeley Square, London, W. Birmingham Friends' Reading Society, Dr. Johnson Passage, Bull Street, Birmingham. 123 124 LIST OF MEMBERS.

Birmingham Reference Library. Blackwell, Henry, 55 University Place, New York, N.Y. Bootham School, York. Bowly, Christopher, Siddington House, Cirencester. Bracher, Edwin, Mere, Wilts. Bradford Public Free Libraries. Braithwaite, Isaac, Woodbrooke, Selly Oak, Birmingham. Braithwaite, Joseph Bevan, The Highlands, New Barnet, Herts. Braithwaite, William Charles, B.A., LL.B., 34, West Bar, Banbury. Brayshaw, A. Neave, B.A., LL.B., 28, North Marine Road, Scarborough. Bright, John Albert, One Ash, Rochdale. Bristol Friends' Libraries, The Friars and Redlands, Bristol. Broadhead, James, 15, Langholm Crescent, Darlington. Brockbank, J. George, Corio, Farquhar Road, Edgbaston, Birmingham. Brooks, Edmund Wright, Grays, Essex. Brown, A. Kemp, M.A., Broxholme, Big wood Road, Golders Green, London, N.W. Bunhill Fields (London) Preparative Meeting. Bunting, Morgan, Darby, Pa. Burn, R. Christie, M.A., Sidcot, Winscombe, Som. Burtt, Mary Dearman, Sandal Lodge, Darlington. Busselle, S. Marshall, 26 Broadway, New York, N.Y. Cadbury, Barrow, Southfield, Wheeley's Road, Birmingham. Cadbury, Dorothy, Westholme, Selly Oak, Birmingham. Cadbury, Edward, Westholme, Selly Oak, Birmingham. Cadbury, George, Northfield, Birmingham. Cadbury, Joel, Tudor Hill, Sutton Coldfield. Cadbury, Joel, 1136 Ridge Avenue, Philadelphia, Pa. Cadbury, Richard Tapper, Haverford, Pa. Cadbury, William Adlington, Sir Harry's Road, Birmingham. California Yearly Meeting. Campion, H. Clifford, Jun., 511 South Orange Avenue, Media, Pa. Cardiff Free Libraries. Carr, Catherine Burgess, Lincoln, Neb., R.F.D. 7, Box 106. Cash, J. Theodore, F.R.S., 9, Albyn Place, Aberdeen. Catchpool, Thomas K., 27, East Cliff, Dover. Catford, Herbert H., 22, Cornwall Road, St. Albans. Catford, Robert H., The Mount, Chiltern Road, Hitchin. Chalkley, Joseph W., 12, Bishopsgate Without, London, E.G. Chester Co. Historical Society, West Chester, Pa. Chicago University General Library, Chicago, 111. Clark, Joseph Firth, Briarcliffe, Doncaster. Clark, William S., Millfield, Street, Som. Clarke, Lilian, The Old Market, Wisbech. Clay ton, Francis C, 18, St. James' Road, Birmingham. Clayton, John E., 4, Richmond Terrace, Ulverston, Lanes. Clemesha, H. W., M.A., Cannon Street Chambers, Preston. Close House Preparative Meeting. LIST OF MEMBERS. 125

Cockermouth Social and Literary Society. Coleman, Joseph, Soult Villa, Hampton Street, Goodwood, South Australia. Congregational Historical Society, T. G. Crippen, Memorial Hall, Farringdon Street, London, E.G. Cope, Gilbert, West Chester, Pa. Cope, Porter Farquharson, 4806 Chester Avenue, Philadelphia, Pa. Cotton, Charlotte, The Mount, Bishopstoke. Crawshaw, M. Ethel, 99, Jerningham Road, New Cross, London, S.E. Crewdson, Wilson, M.A., F.S.A., Southside, St. Leonards. Crosfield, Albert J., 5, Madingley Road, Cambridge. Crosfield, Georgiana, n, Greenheys Road, Liverpool. Crosfield, Harold G., 74, Shrewsbury Road, Oxton, Cheshire. Crosfield, John D., Durley House, Savernake Forest, Marlborough. Cross, Mrs. Joseph, Glen House, Gt. Glen, Leicester. Croydon Preparative Meeting. Dalton Hall Library, Victoria Park, Manchester. Darlington Friends' Institute, Skinnergate, Darlington. Davidson, Thomas, Fritchley, Derby. Deacon, Howard, 314 South Tenth Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Derby Preparative Meeting. Devonshire House (London) Preparative Meeting. Diamond, Augustus, B.A., 91, Albert Road, Ilford. Dr. Williams's Library, Gordon Square, London, W.C. Dodshon, Edmund, 9, Newton Road, Bayswater, London, W. Doran, Joseph Ingersoll, 1201 Arcade Building, Philadelphia, Pa. Dublin Friends' Institute, 35, Molesworth Street, Dublin. Dymond, George Cecil, Carrwood, Boundary Road, Bidston, Birkenhead. Ecroyd, Alfred Russell, Sorrento, Walnut Road, Chelston, Torquay. Eddington, Alexander, 28, Unthank Road, Norwich. Edinburgh Public Library. Elkington, Joseph, Media, Pa. Elliott, Prof. A. Marshall, 18 East Eager Street, Baltimore, Md. Ellis, Henrietta, Wyngarth, Central Avenue, Leicester. Ellis, Rt. Hon. John E., M.P., Wrea Head, Scalby, Yorks. Ely, Warren S., Doylestown, Pa. Emlen, James, 121 West Coulter Street, German town, Pa. Emmott, Elizabeth B., 35, Grosvenor Road, Claughton, Birkenhead. Evans, George Eyre, Ty-Tringad, Aberystwyth. Firth, William P., M.A., D.Sc., Pickering College, Newmarket, Ontario, Can. Ford, Gervase L., 61, Albion Street, Leeds. Ford, John Rawlinson, Yealand Conyers, Carnforth. Foster, Elizabeth Perry, 94 High Street, Westerly, R.I. Fowler, Ann Ford, Glebelands, South Woodford. Fowler, Charles, 54, The Avenue, Brondesbury Park, London, N.W. Fox, J. Kingston, 4, Gresham Road, Cambridge. Fox, Joseph Hoyland, The Cleve, Wellington, Som. 126 LIST OF MEMBERS.

Fox, R. Kingston, M.D., 19, Hampstead Hill Gardens, Rosslyn Hill, London, N.W. Fox, Robert, Grove Hill, Falmouth. Fry, Claude B., Stoke Lodge, Stoke Bishop, Bristol. Fry, Joseph Storrs, Union Street, Bristol. Fry, Priscilla A., Tower House, Gotham, Bristol. Garlick, Edith, Box 31, Ruskin, Neb. Garrett, John B., Rosemont, Pa. Gawthrop, Henry, 516 Bourse Building, Philadelphia, Pa. Gayner, John, Chalfont, Napier Road, Redland, Bristol. Germantown Friends' Free Library, Pa. Gibbins, Caroline, Fayrestowe, Wellington Road, Edgbaston. Gibbins, Frederick William, M.P., The Eagle Tin Plate Works, Neath. Gibbons, Daniel, 95 Clark Street, Brooklyn, N.Y. Gillett, Hannah E., 314, Camden Road, London, N. Glenny, James, Bucklands, Hawick. Godlee, Arthur, The Lea, Harborne, Birmingham. Godlee, J. Lister, Wakes Colne Place, Earls Colne. Godlee, Theodore, Whip's Cross, Walthamstow, London, N.E. Going, W. H., Abbey House, Cahir, Co. Tipperary. Goodenough, Harry, i, Nelson Street, New Brighton, Cheshire. Gordon, Alexander, M.A., Summerville, Victoria Park, Manchester. Grace, Wilfrid, 15, Fernbank Road, Redland, Bristol. Graham, John William, M.A., Dalton Hall, Victoria Park, Manchester. Graveson, Samuel, 26, Queen's Road, Hertford. Green, Joseph J., 182, Upper Grosvenor Road, Tunbridge Wells. Gregory, Theodore, 48, High Street, Chorlton-on-Medlock, Manchester. Gregory, Walter Dymond, 46 King Street West, Toronto, Can. Gregory, William Henry, Woodburn, Ben Rhydding, Leeds. Grubb, J. Ernest, Sheskin, Carrick-on-Suir, Co. Tipperary. Grubb, John, The Down, Winscombe, Som. Gummere, Amelia Mott, Haverford, Pa. Gurney, Henry, The Orchards, Outwood, Surrey.

Hall, William Penn-Gaskell, 1118 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Hallett, Mrs. Ashworth, Claverton Lodge, Bath. Hallowell, Guernsey A., 440 Paul Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Harlock, Edward B., Newton House, Middlewich. Harris, Edith M., Derwent Bank, Broughton, Cockermouth. Harris, Henry, Sunnyside, Hammers Lane, Mill Hill, London, N.W. Harris, J. Rendel, M.A., Litt.D., LL.D., Chetwynd House, Selly Oak, Birmingham. Harrison, Jane, Elmhurst, South Woodford, London, N.E. Hartley, Joe, Caradoc, 52, Clitheroe Road, Longsight, Manchester. Harvey, T. Edmund, M.A., M.P., Toynbee Hall, Commercial Street, London, E. Harvey, William, The Grove, Roundhay, Leeds. Haverford College Library, Haverford, Pa. LIST OF MEMBERS. 127 i Heacock, Joseph, Wyncote, Pa. Headley, Burgess Henry, Ashford, Kent. Headley, Herbert Dimsdale, Ashford, Kent. Hilyard, George D., 144 East 49th Street, New York, N.Y. Hobart School, Tasmania. Hobson, Christopher Irwin, 554 West i6oth Street, New York, N.Y. Hodgkin, Howard, M.A., Hillcroft, Claygate, Surrey. Hodgkin, Jonathan Backhouse, Elm Ridge, Darlington. Hodgkin, Thomas, D.C.L., Litt.D., Barmoor Castle, Beal, Northumberland. Hodgkinson, Arnold, 22, Park Road, Southport. Hodgson, Joseph Spence, 26, Hesketh Avenue, Didsbury, Manchester. Hogg, Anna, Craigmore, Blackrock, Co. Dublin. Holden, James, Hermon Hill, Wanstead, London, N.E. Holdsworth, Charles J., Fernhill, Alderley Edge, Cheshire. Holdsworth, John, Swarthmoor, Havelock North, New Zealand. Hole, Mrs. Leonard H., Loyd Road, Montclair, N.J. Holloway (London) Preparative Meeting. Holmden, Samuel N., 23, Denning Road, London, N.W. Holme-Sumner, Frank, 17, Queen Anne's Gate, Westminster, London, S.W. Hough, Oliver, 24 South State Street, Newtown, Pa. Howson, John R., New Street, Lancaster. Hull Public Libraries. Hull, William I., Ph.D., Swarthmore College, Swarthmore, Pa. Hurnard, Samuel F., Lexden, Colchester. Hutchinson, Herbert, Moses Hill Farm, Haslemere. Hutchinson, Robert, 5, Cavendish Crescent S., The Park, Nottingham. Ireland, National Library of, Dublin. Irwin, Wilfred, Inglehurst, Stand, Manchester. Jenkins, Charles Francis, 150 West Washington Lane, German town, Pa. John Rylands Library, Manchester. Jones, Ernest, Harwood Dale, Kendal. Jones, Rufus M., A.M., Litt.D., Haverford, Pa. Kingston-on-Thames Preparative Meeting. Kohler, Dr., Ottikerstrasse 20, Zurich. Latchmore, George Henry, Bank House, Luton. Lean, Bevan, D.Sc., B.A., Sidcot School, Winscombe, Som. Lean, Walter, Cleveland, 3, Church Road, Forest Hill, London, S.E. Leather, John P., Whittier, Colne Road, Burnley. Leech, Mrs., 4, Kensington Palace Gardens, London, W. Lester, Herbert, Briar Cottage, Penrith. Lingle, Edward O., 605 Forster Street, Harrisburgh, Pa. Lisburn School, Co. Antrim. Little, George Henry, Box 335, Victoria, B.C. Littleboy, Anna L., 36, Chenies Street Chambers, London, W.C. Liverpool Friends' Institute, Islington, Liverpool. Lloyd, John Henry, M.A., Edgbaston Grove, Birmingham. 128 LIST OF MEMBERS.

Lloyd, Samuel, Farm, Sparkbrook, Birmingham. Lloyd, William Joseph, Nescliif, Selborne Road, Old Southgate, London, N. Locker-Lampson, Mrs. Godfrey, Barlbrough Hall, Chesterfield. London Friends' Institute, 13, Bishopsgate Without, London, E.G. London Library, St. James's Square, London, W. Lundy, J. Wilmer, Newtown, Pa. Lurgan Preparative Meeting. Lynn, Alfred, The Deanes, Althorp Road, St. Albans. McClure, John David, M.A., LL.D., Mill Hill School, London, N.W. Macnaughton, W. A., M.D., D.P.H., Stonehaven, N.B. Malton Preparative Meeting. Manchester Free Library, King Street, Manchester. Manchester Friends' Institute, Mount Street, Manchester. Manners, Emily, Edenbank, Mansfield. Marriage, Mary Sophia, Ayletts, Broomfield, Chelmsford. Marriage, Wilson, Dilbridge Hall, Colchester. Marsh, Edward, Cheapside Chambers, Luton. Marsh, Robert H., Ingleside, Epping. Marsh, W. Ernest, Marston, Bromley, Kent. Marshall, Samuel, West Chester, Pa. May, Charles, High Cross, Tottenham, London, N. May, Walter, Brook House, Woodford Green, London, N.E. May, William Lewis, Maydena, Sandford, Tasmania. Maynard, J. Douglas, M.A., Mansfield House, Canning Town, London, E. Mennell, George Henry, 20, Castlegate, York. Mervine, William M., Edgewater Park, N.J. Midgley, James Herbert. B.Sc., Margency, Clevedon, Som. Miles, Sarah E., 720 Fulton Street, Allegheny, Pa. Miller, William F., Sunny Brae, Winscombe, Som. Moore, Alfred, 618 North American Building, Philadelphia, Pa. Moore, Jeannie R. B., Newtown, Pa. Moorhouse, Alfred, Glyn Garth, Weetwood Lane, Leeds. Morland, John, Wyrrall, Glastonbury, Som. Morland, Lucy F., 27, Fairfield Road, Croydon. Morton, Helen K., 1342 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Moseley Road (Birmingham) Preparative Meeting. Moses Brown School, Providence, R.I. Mounfield, Arthur, Whitefield Road, Warrington. Mounsey, Edward Backhouse, Blackwell Hill, Darlington. Mountmellick School, Queen's Co. Muschamp, Robert, Myrtle Cottage, Radcliffe, Lanes. Myers, Albert Cook, M.L., Kentmere Lodge, Moylan, Pa.

Nash, William Richardson, Cark-in-Cartmel, Lanes. Naughton, Elizabeth Ann, Ellesmere School, Harrogate. New Bedford Public Library. New York Public Library. Newcastle-on-Tyne Preparative Meeting. LIST OF MEMBERS. 129

Newcastle-on-Tyne Public Library. Newhall, Abby, 4048 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Newlin, Thomas, A.M., Ph.M., Whittier, Cal. Newman, Thomas P., Hazelhurst, Haslemere. Nicholson, H. P., Crannagael, Annaghmore, Co. Armagh. Nicholson, Sarah, 65 Haddon Avenue, Haddonfield, N.J. Nicholson, Timothy, Richmond, Ind. Norris, William Gregory, Coalbrookdale, Salop.

Patching, John, 139, Ditchling Rise, Brighton. Paxon, Frederic L., Ph.D., 629 Frances Street, Madison, Wis. Pearson, William L., Ph.D., 1150 University Avenue, Wichita, Kan. Pease, Sir Alfred E., Bart., Pinchinthorpe, Guisbrough, Yorks. Peckover of Wisbech, Baron, LL.D., F.S.A., F.L.S., F.R.G.S., Wisbech. Penney, Norman, F.S.A., F.R.Hist.S., 32, Arlow Road, Winchmore Hill, London, N. Penney, Robert A., Keldholm, Dyke Road Drive, Brighton. Pennsylvania Historical Society, 1300 Locust Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Pennsylvania State Library, Harrisburg, Pa. Penrose, The Hon. E. Josephine, Oxhey Grange, Watford. Philadelphia Friends' Library, 140 North i5th Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Pickard, Jane P., West Bank, Mansfield. Pickard, Joseph William, Oatlands, Lancaster. Pickard, Mary A., The Nook, Mansfield. Pidduck, Charles W., Glebelands, Stamford Road, Bowdon, Manchester. Pirn, James, Merdon, Dalkey, Co. Dublin. Pirn, John, Bonaven, Antrim Road, Belfast. Polam Hall School, Darlington. Pollard, George, Norwich, Ontario, Can. Pollard, Mary Catherine, 18, Redland Road, Reading. Procter, John William, Ashcroft, York. Ransom, Alfred, Benslow, Hitchin. Ransom, Edwin, 24, Ashburnham Road, Bedford. Ransom, William, F.S.A., F.L.S., Fairfield, Hitchin. Rawle, William Brooke, 211 South 6th Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Rawlins, Frank L., Rhyl, North Wales. Reading Friends' Institute, Church Street, Reading. Reckitt, Elizabeth S., Mayfield, Dulwich Wood Park, Upper Norwood, London, S.E. Reckitt, Juliet E., Mayfield, Dulwich Wood Park, Upper Norwood, London, S.E. Reynolds, Lucy, B.A., Devonshire House School, Carlisle. Richardson, Anne Wakefield, B.A., Westfield College, Hampstead, London, N.W. Richardson, Maria, Cherry Hill House, York. Roberts, Lucy B., Haverford, Pa. Rose, George, 6, Mersey Avenue, Aigburth, Liverpool. Rowntree, Allan, Westwood, Scarborough. 130 LIST OF MEMBERS.

Rowntree, Arthur, B.A., Bootham School, York. Rowntree, B. Seebohm, The Homestead, Clifton, York. Rowntree, Constance M., The Low Hall, Scalby, Yorks. Rowntree, Helen D., Mount Villas, York. Rowntree, Joseph, Clifton Lodge, York. Rowntree, Theodore H., Clifton Lawn, York. Rowntree, Walter S., B.Sc., F.L.S., Leighton Park, Reading. Sainty, Frederic B., Helvellyn, Bowes Road, New Southgate, London, N. Sanders, Henry W., Woodfield, Brockenhurst, Hants. Sargent, Lydia B., Fernside, Fritchley, Derby. Scarborough Friends' Institute, York Place, Scarborough. Scattergood, Bernard P., M.A., 7, Cookridge Street, Leeds. Sefton-Jones, Margaret, 42, Russell Square, London, W.C. Sharp, Isaac, B.A., 38, Forest Drive East, Leytonstone, London, N.E. Sharpe, George M., 2105 St. Paul Street, Baltimore, Md. Sharpless, Isaac, Sc.D., LL.D., L.H.D., Haverford, Pa. Sheffield Preparative Meeting. Shield, John Hall, Burnlaw, Whitfield, Northumberland. Shoemaker, Benjamin H., 535 Church Lane, Germantown, Pa. Shorthouse, John W., 59, Wellington Road, Edgbaston. Sibson, Arthur B., M.D., Hardwick House, Stockton-on-Tees. Smith, Charles Lawson, i3a, Nevern Road, London, S.W. Smith, Elizabeth Pearsall, 45 East Penn Street, Germantown, Pa. Smith, George, Rose Villa, Belper. Smith, Hannah Whitall, Court Place, Iffley, Oxford. Smith, Mrs. Horace J., Ivybank, School Road, Moseley, Birmingham. Smith, Howard R., Hatherwood, Derby Road, Caversham, Reading. Smith, T. Guilford, LL.D., 203 Ellicott Square, Buffalo, N.Y. Smithson, George R., 13, Park Road West, Wolverhampton. Smithson, John S., Sunbreak, Kings Norton, Birmingham. Southall, A. William, Beech Hill, Sir Harry's Road, Edgbaston. Southall, Anna Strangman, Carrick House, Richmond Hill, Edgbaston. Southall, Henry, The Graig, Ross. Southall, John E., 149, Dock Street, Newport, Mon. Southall, John T., Parkfields, Ross. Spence, Malcolm, Almery Garth, Marygate, York. Spicer, J. Lindley, 29 Cherry Street, Poughkeepsie, N.Y. Stackhouse, Dr. Asa M., Moorestown, N.J. Stansfield, Charles E., M.A., 29, Upper Redland Road, Reading. Stears, William Edward, The Hawthorns, Ailsbury Park, Merrion, Co. Dublin. Stechert, G. E. & Co., 2, Star Yard, Carey Street, London, W.C. Steel, John William, Cleveland Terrace, Darlington. Stevens, Mary J., 13, Bertram Road, Sefton Park, Liverpool. Stille, Kate B., 48 Washington Street, Cumberland, Md. Stoke Newington (London) Preparative Meeting. Strangman, J. Pirn, 9, Clydesdale Road, Netting Hill, London, W. Summerhayes, Henry G., 12, Bishopsgate Without, London, E.G. LIST OF MEMBERS. 131

Swarthmore College Friends' Historical Library, Pa. Swift, Mary G., Millbrook, N.Y. Taber, David S., 144 East 2oth Street, New York, N.Y. Taylor, Ernest E., Bannisdale, Malton, Yorks. Taylor, Joseph, Friends' Mission, I tarsi, C.P., India. Thistlethwaite, Bernard, Gribdale Cottage, Great Ayton, Yorks. Thomas, Alien C., A.M., Haverford, Pa. Thomas, Catherine M., 32 North Union Avenue, Salem, O. Thompson, Francis, Eversley, Haling Park Road, Croydon. Thompson, Richard, Dringcote, The Mount, York. Thorp, Fielden, B.A., 18, Blossom Street, York. Tottenham (London) Preparative Meeting. Tuckett, Francis Fox, Frenchay, Bristol. Turner, Prof. G. Lyon, M.A., Wheatham Hill, Hawkley, E. Liss, Hants. Tyson, James, M.D., 1506 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Vaux, George, 1715 Arch Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Vaux, George, Jun., Girard Building, Philadelphia, Pa. Walker, Joseph, 4, Belgrave Crescent, Eccles. Walton, Joseph S., Ph.D., George School, Pa. Wanstead (London) Preparative Meeting. Warner, Winifred, M.B., B.S., 2, Campden Hill Terrace, London, W. Watkins, Richard, Siddall Building, Swansea. Watson, Christopher Scarr, Wensley Villa, 25, Westbourne Road, Sheffield. Watson, George Scarr, The Yews, Beauchief, Sheffield. Watson, John, Eden Mount, Kendal. Watson, Joseph William, The Bank, Cockermouth. Watson, Thomas Henry, M.B., i, Gordon Terrace, Pevensey, Hastings. Webb, John R., Rockwood, Ontario, Can. Webb, Thomas Henry, 80, Harcourt Street, Dublin. Wedmore, Edmund T., u, Oakland Road, Bristol. Westminster (London) Preparative Meeting. Wetherall, George Baynes, Severus Mount, Worcester. Wheeler, Edward, 164 South Goodman Street, Rochester, N.Y. .White, Arthur, Selborne, Newtown, Waterford. White, J. H., Pease Hall, Springfield, Chelmsford. White, John H., 175, High Street, Camden Town, London, N.W. Whitwell, Robert J., Union Society, Oxford. Wick, Bathinius L., B.Ph., LL.B., A.M., Cedar Rapids, la. Wiggins, Margaret B., Friends' Home, Newtown, Pa. Wigham, Cuthbert, 1299 Bloor Street West, Toronto, Can. Wigham, Joseph T., M.D., D.Ph., Albany House, Monkstown, Co. Dublin. Wigham, Sarah, 21, Howard Place, Carlisle. Wilkinson, Marian, 60, Marygate, York. Willesden (London) Preparative Meeting. Willets, Joseph, 152 Greenwood Avenue, Trenton, N.J. Williamson, George C., Litt.D., Ph.D., Burgh House, Well Walk, Hamp- stead, London, N.W. 132 LIST OF MEMBERS.

Wilson, Henry Lloyd, Selly Wood, Selly Oak, Birmingham. Wilson, Thomas Silk, Under Fell, Barbon, Kirby Lonsdale. Winchmore Hill (London) Preparative Meeting. Wisconsin Historical Society, Madison, Wisconsin. Wood, James, Mount Kisco, N.Y. Woodbrooke Settlement, Selly Oak, Birmingham. Wrigley, Robert, Brampton, Cumberland.

Yale University Library, New Haven, Conn. York Albert Library, Clifford Street, York. York Preparative Meeting.

EXCHANGES. East Anglian Notes and Queries—C. H. Evelyn White, F.S.A., The Rectory, Rampton, Cambridge. Friends' Historical Society of Philadelphia—Alien C. Thomas, A.M., Haverford, Pa. Pedigree Register—George F. T. Sherwood, 227, Strand, London, W.C. Pennsylvania History Club—Albert Cook Myers, M.L., 1300 Locust Street, Philadelphia, Pa. Pennsylvania Society—Barr Ferree, 218 Fulton Street, New York, N.Y. Presbyterian Historical Society—Louis F. Benson, D.D., Witherspoon Building, Philadelphia, Pa. Wesley Historical Society—Henry J. Foster, 4, Church Street, Southport.

1665. This is an Account of the first that was Buried in the Burieing Place att Cotterred as followeth att A meetting in silence on the 13th day of the 12th month Called jFebuary 1665 att the house of John Harrison was the meetting & because A new Burieing Ground was Given vnto frinds to Burie theire dead in by John Exton he the said John Buried his sonn Petter Exton in the same Place being his owne JFrehold as followeth Petter Exton sonn of John Exton & of Mary his wife was Buried in the Burieing Place att Cotterred vppon the 13th day of the 12th month 1665 Commonly Called febuary & for soe doeing was Apprehended by the Constable & order of James Willmott Esqr & Brought before thomas standley Esqr Two Called Justeses of the peace to Anser for that dayes worke & theire was Committed vnto the house of Correction in Bentingf ord to Remaine for fowerteen dayes & the men that was Committed for 14 dayes was Richard North John JFinch jFrancis Exton John Exton Ralphe Charles Samuell dunn Lennard Peocoke Simon Charles William Joyse Andrew Badery Petter Whitt Edward Bardolfe Richard jfare Coffumpfon

To a Devonian, and one whose maternal kindred includes some Exeter Friends, all that pertains to their early history in his native county has especial interest. In " The First Publishers of Truth," p. 76, we read how there was brought to the Quarterly Meeting at Collumpton " Ye 3Oth of Ist mo. 1721" " the best ace1 that y« Monthly Meeting of Exon can give in relation to y6 first Public Friends that travelled in these parts," and that the same was " ordered to be sent by our Representatives to Lon­ don." That this " best ace1 " was forwarded to London there can be no reasonable doubt ; that such a document is not at Devonshire House is certain. Pending the coming of that day when it may possibly be forthcoming from an unsuspected quarter, let me put on record a few items concerning some of our early Collumpton Friends. These I was so fortunate as to find when looking for something else which I could not find. They are entered in a cultured hand in the " Collumpton Register " (no. 410), which, in 1837, was deposited with the Registration Commissioners ; one of the certifying Commissioners to receive it being, very appropriately, none other than John Bowring, Exeter—Sir John Bowring, known to many as the author of the hymn, beginning " In the Cross of Christ I glory." The book contains entries of marriages 1664-1790 ; burials 1659-1806; and births 1652-1783. Exactly where the Friends first met in the town is not known, but we get mention of the meeting in the obituary of Robert Ellicott, thus carefully recorded :— Robert Ellicott was convinct of truth about ye year 1654, suffered Imprisonment for not taking ye Oath of Allegiance till he was discharged by the King's Proclamation. After that gave up his house for jfriends to meet in several years in ye hottest time of Persecution of y* Con­ venticle Act, and suffered loss of his Goods for ye same; he was also imprison'd upon ye Act of one shilling per month. He died in the jfaith ye 29* day, jmo., 1712, aged about 97 years, and was buried in ye new Burying place of jfriends at Cullumpton. The " new Burying place" here alluded to was probably opened shortly after the middle of the seven­ teenth century ; before that time we read of interments Vol. vii.—76. 133 134 EARLY COLLUMPTON FRIENDS. of Collumpton Friends being made in " ye parish Burying place with out their Ceremony/' and likewise at " jTriends' Burying place at Grindell." Here are two of the earliest entries :— J 659- John s. Richard Old of Cullumpton and Mary his wife, died about 4th of ye fourth mo. 1659 : bur. in Cullumpton (aged about five years) in ye parish Burying place with out their Ceremony. William Crompton, M.A., was then Vicar of the town. After having been ejected from the living in 1662, he preached for some years " in a dwelling house " in the town; he died in 1696. He was the first minister of the congregation, still vigorous and active, which worships in the old meeting-house on Pound Square. 1659. Richard, ye s. of above Richard & Mary Old, died 14th day, 7 mo. 1659, aged about 7, and was buried in jFriends' Burying place, at Grindell, in ye parish of Woodbery. Next we come to the obituary of a young man, which one cannot read without thanking God for the testimony he gave to his faith :— 1661. Thomas Rhoades, of Bradninch Coop, who was one of y6 first who received truth in y* place, and had been convinct of it about four or five years. He was an honest, faithfull young man, in his day, of an upright, Innocent conversation, who stood in y* cross, and bore a good Testimony for Truth therein ; and his life was a good savour unto ye world in his generation. Who for his obedience to y6 commands of Christ, in refusing to take y*5 Oath of Allegiance suffered Imprisonment wth other jf riends ; and was much abused, otherwise att a certaine time by a Rude jfellow, y* met him in ye highway, (because he could not—in obedience to Truth—be conformable unto ye vaine custom of these times, refusing to give unto him salutations on ye way, as is common amongst people) ; who fell upon him with a way, and beat, and bruised him very much, saying y1 if he would not speak, he would make him speak, which great abuse he received at ye time was adjudg'd to be somewhat y* occa^on of his Death. But he bore y* same abuse wth meekness, and Patience, and continued in a declining condi^on of Body, untill ye time of ye third month, 1661, aged about two and twenty years; and was bury'd in jFriends Burying place at Grindell in ye ph. of Woodbury. Then we have the entry of the death of old Giles Brice, one of the first to be buried in the new ground :—• 1674. Giles Brice, of ye parish of Halberton, serge weaver, aged about 76 years, who had been convinct of truth, and made a profession of it about twenty years, and suffered imprisonment for ye same about three moneths, for refusing to take ye Oath of Alleagience, who laid down y* body, and dyed a faithfull jfriend y6 14th d. tvvelf mo. 1674; buryed in JFriends* burying place at Cullumpton y* 28th of ye same mo. OBITUARY. 135 Many such as this entry might also be given, but it will suffice to quote the records of the lives of Thomas Fry, and Margery, his wife, as entered by some pains­ taking and competent scribe, who took delight in his clear penmanship :— Margery, ye wife of Thomas Fry, ye elder of Collumpton was con- vinct of y6 truth when a young woman, and walked a sober life, and Exemplary conversation therein till the time of her Death, manifesting her Love thereto, by her Readiness to Receive & Entertain yc Friends thereof, her Husband's House being (for many years together) the place where Publick Travelling Friends used to Lodge during their stay in that town. She died y* ninth day of y* Eighth mo. Anno 1710, after about a week's sickness, & was buried y6 19* day of ye same in ye new Burying place in Collumpton, aged about 68 years. The husband did not long survive his loss :— Thomas Fry of Collumpton, y* eldest of five of y* same name living in that place, was one that in the times of persecution suffered as well ye Imprisonment of his body, & the spoil of his goods for y6 testimony of truth; died ye 23rd i mo. 1711/12, and was buried in y6 new burying place in Collumpton, by his wife, whose death is recorded on ye last page, ye 28th of ye same, in y6 75th year of his age. These extracts are evidence of the interesting matter there must have been in the missing account from this west country town. Aberystwyth. GEORGE EYRE EVANS.

The death took place at Clifton, Bristol, on the loth of Fifth Month last, of Anna Laetitia Waring, the well-known hymn-writer. A. L. Waring was born in 1823, daughter of Elijah and Deborah Waring, of South Wales. She left Friends for the Established Church in 1840. Six years later, she wrote her best-known hymn, " Father, I know that all my life is portioned out for me," a hymn which many a Quaker child has committed to memory. Her Hymns and Meditations, first published in 1850, has passed through sixteen editions. Elijah Waring also wrote poetry. He became a Wesleyan Minister. jfrien60 an& tfpietiet* in (Bermang,

London 3d of ye mo Juny : 1693. l All Dear and well Beloved freinds & Brethren who are now assembled out of severall provences, in and thorough Gods arm, and pouer ! My Love and Life doth very tenderly salute you all, in the fellouship of Gods revealed truth, and in a fresh sense of our joynt Communion therin, the which we have with one another in our Lord Jesus Christ, praised & magnified be his name for ever. Dear freinds, since it hath pleased the Lord to bring 1 This letter was endorsed by Benjamin Bealing " X : Rust 3 4mo 1693 " > also in another hand " This is to be Read," to which words are added by John Field " but no need to be Answrd." The text is written in a clear, cultivated hand, the signature being different and probably autograph. The letter was filed away with other Y.M. documents of the same year. The minutes of London Y.M. dated 7 4 mo. 1693 are as follows : — " An Epistle from Nicholas Rust, dated London the 4 mo 1693 giving an Acco* of Dantzick JFriends that they have been Quiet a Year & ^ and still continues, tho but small, being but 2 or 3 and severall Dyed Under Persecution, and the Majestrates pretty kind. And that there are a People raised up in Germany from among the Lutherans called Pietests and by some called Quakers, and pretty much persecuted by the Duke of Saxony and by Priests &c. of sober Conversations. Severall jf riends books have been spread among them, but by the Duke of Brandinburgh jf avoured and Tollerated Many of the said People Studients and of the Gentry. " An Epistle from Jacob Huggens dated Hamburough the 2i th 2 mo 1693. To Nicholas Rust, That the Priests greatly exclaime and vilifye the Quakers from their Pulpitts and also Print books ags* them, That the Pietests Increase and a Doctor lately become one of them, see the Letter. " And a Letter to Nicholas Rust from the same Jfriend giving an Accot That a great Stirr hath been made abo* a Taylor, that gave a book to a Maide, and also agreat Stirr occasioned against one of the Pietis Harbeus for writting a book Intituled the Wisdom of the lust, & the Priests are earnest to have the said Harbeous Banished out of the Towne, But the Majestrates will not Gratifie them. And one of the studients writting a jTalse paper ags* jfriends to Gratifie the Priests and the People But the Majestrates Jmprisoned the said studient. See the Letter. " And a Letter from Dantzick the 22th day of the 10 mo 92 from a Young Maiden one of the Pietis to Nicholas Rust signifyeing to N. R that she is moved to write to him and Jncites him and desires, that they may work together in the Living Jf aith, and Jncourages to JTaithfullness in his Testimony and to deny selfe &c. see the Letter. " And it's desired that the Letter of the Young Woman be Read in the Womens Meeting, and it's given unto Wm Meade to give to his wife for that end and then Returne, As also the two Letters from Jacob Heggens wch are likewise to be Returned to Theodor Eccleston to give Benja Bealing to keep." Unfortunately the letters referred to above, except that of Rust, are not forthcoming. Perhaps they were never returned to the Chamber. 136 FRIENDS AND PIETISTS IN GERMANY. 137 me again into this Countrey amongst you, so hath the Lord afforded me many sweett opportunitys, in which J have been many times with you refreshed in my inward man, and that in a Living sense of the presence of the Lord amongst you, by which your meettings are made very glorious, praised and magnified be his name for ever. And My very Dear freinds, J find my selfe inclined to give you some small ace* of our Dantzick freinds,2 who (as you do know) have for severall years suffered under many tryalls, Jt hath nou pleased the Lord to afford us rest and quiett for the Last year and halfe, and J have also receaved severall letters from thence, by which do understand that the magistrates carry themselves yet quietly to freinds, and they have their meettings peacable, and although our number is very small, being no more then two men & 2 women there, yet we are Contented, & given up in the will of our father, who hath raised us up there, he is mighty enough to increase us, in his own time, and in his own good pleasure, praises to be him for ever. Our dear freinds there have dyed time after time, by the great persecution, and not Long ago J had advice that our dear freind Christian Puttell hath Laid doun the body, he hath suffered very much for his testimony for the truth, and is in Gods Love removed from us in a true sound sense thereof, feelling that it was the Lords pleasure to take him to himselfe, and so he hath Laid doun his head in rest, as also another woman freind much about the same time, J was willing to give this meetting this small hint in relation to us at Dantzick. Dear freinds—J find my selfe also inclined, to Lay before this your meetting, hou that there is a people raised up in Germany, and severall other places, who call them­ selves Pietists,3 but are by the world called Qwakers, and - The sufferings of Friends in Dantzic lay heavy upon the heart of George Fox. Letters to them and about them may be read in his Journal. There are also references to the suffering condition of these Friends in epistles from Amsterdam, preserved in D. 3 The following references to Pietists will be read with interest; the first is taken from the Minute Book of the Six Weeks Meeting under date 26. x. 1693, and the second from an ancient MS. book in D., entitled Sundry Ancient Epistles (p. 141) :— "The Low Condicon of the Pietests. " Friends having under their Consideration the poor Condition of the People called Pietests now in England about 40. The jfriends under named are desired to draw up a few Lines to be Read in ye Publick 138 FRIENDS AND PIETISTS IN GERMANY. that because they pretend to have another principle and foundation, then they have, they come from amongst, viz: The Lutherans,—J have had pretty much convers­ ation with some of them, and so far as J can discern, they are a people very tender in all their actions, and they have a great Love for our freinds, and would willingly have freinds books, a great number whereof, J have dispersed amongst them, Their conversation is very tender, in many things one with the truth but the outward Meetings at the Conclusion thereof next Jfirst day for a Collection towards their Relief, vizt Geo. Whitehead and John Vaughton. "And the jfriends that are Jfree to Visit them & Set with them are Wm Meade, Theodr Eccleston John Vaughton Gt Laity, or any others." " A Collection for The Pietests by order of ye six weeks meete the 26th 10 mo 1693. "Dear jfriends and jfriendly People. " The Lord in his tender mercy having made many ptakers of his good­ ness and of y* Pretious faith that works by Love hath Jnclined our hearts in Christian Charity to Commiserate the Poor Condition of some tender people called Pieties (lately come from Germany to London abo* jTorty in number) who have in Measure seen the Emptiness of outward Ceremonies in Religion and a necessity of an Jnward waiting upon the Lord to feel the Assistance and Guidance of his Spirit some of whom have been Exposed to Great sufferings and being Strangers in this Land and Reduced to Straights and necessities. " We thought meet thus to recommend their low Condition and Jntreat ye Christian Charity of all such whose hearts the Lord shall open in Compassion towards them to Communicate at the Doors of our Meeting Houses this day for their Relief not doubting but all yt axe kind to Strangers and doe chearfully Communicate to the Relief and Refreshment of those in Necessity will meet with a Reward from the Lord to whom the Sacrafice of doing good and Communicating is well pleaseing and ought not by us to be forgotten. "Coppyes hereof sent in the ioth month 1693 To the meetings of jfriends in and abo* London. " Collected at the severall Meet5 as folk' li. li. s Bull and Mouth 20 : oo oo Parke .. 03 ii Gracechr street 16 oo 7^ Peel .. 05 16 07i Devon1 House 15 6 6 Westmr Ratclifl ii o oo Savoy & 07 ii Horselydown 06 : 17 oo Longacre^ 69 : 04 : 16 : 19 : 69 : 4 : oi£ Totall 86 : 03 : 2"

These minutes illustrate the benevolent spirit which seems inherent to Quakerism. They make it evident that collections at doors of Meeting Houses are no modern innovation, and also that Friends came to Meeting supplied with money (note the words " this day"). FRIENDS AND PIETISTS IN GERMANY. 139 testimonys of the truth they are not as yet known amongst them—and because that they do separate themselves from the Lutherans, they are pretty much persecuted, especially under the Duke of Saxon Lunenberg in Pomerania, and now Lately in Hambr by the preists, ane ace1 wherof goeth along with this, the which was sent me from one of our freinds in Hamburgh. Many of the sd Pietists are Gentlemen, Preists, Students and other principall persons, The Duke of Brandenburg hath great numbers in his countrey, giving them freedome, and entertaining those who happen to be driven and baniskt out of other countreys, J did feell my selfe much inclined (for the truths sake) to Lay this before the Consideration of this meetting and the weighty freinds therof, if it should not be well, if that this people were once visited in Love by some of those freinds, who have a publick service for the truth, for my part gladly would J see it, if so that it pleased the Lord to move any therunto, the which J do recommend to the serious of this meetting—Here also you have a Letter writt to me by a young Gentlewoman, one of the above pietists, whom J have never seen, but her Love thereby is tenderly felt. So My Dear freinds, being that J do yet want the English Language, have thought fitt to shou these feu Lines to your respective general meetting, and being inclined (if the Lord pleases) to return to my own home, so by these at this time do in tender Love take my Leave of you, and do desire that the same Love may be remembred to all our dear freinds, in all places, as you shall see meett. And J do Praise & return thanks to my heavenly father, that he hath afforded me so good ane opportunity to meett with you in this manner, and to see your faces, in the Love of our God, in the which J take my Leaue of you all, in a fresh sense therof, heartily Longing, that the blessed work of truth may be more and more spread over the whole earth, and many may turn their faces towards Zion, with us to worship God the father, in his blessed spirit, and truth, and in his Love J do remain your Loving freind and Brother in my measure in the blessed fellouship of the truth NICOLAES Rusx. 4 4 Nicholas Rust's name appears here and there on Quaker records. See Besse's Sufferings, ii. 432. to JSeonatfr ttt, 1662* bristol] the 26 day n month 1662 L f My deare and faithfull and eternally beloued brother in the nearest and dearest Relation it was noe smale Joy Refreshment and satisfaction to mee to Receiue a literal! demonsteration of deare loue from a brother with whom J haue soe neare vnion and fellowship in the spirit and power of an endles life, thou mentions thy J ntention to trauell for the north where J hop this will finde thee for J was not in a Capasaty to prefix either time or place to meett thee in Regard that thine Came but last weeke to my hand when J was Coming to this City where J am Refreshed with the Reall presence of Many good friends from seuerall parts of the nation as also F H J S and dear A P who hath beine both sicke and in preson but now Tiee begins to mend and is alsoe Releaced from his bonds and meetings here are very large and presious and in most places at present and the lord Remembers the opresed and is making way for his people to pas peaceablly to theire purchesed posesion which hee hath prepared for the faithfull this day J gladly Receiued leters from dear M jf and bro : R but cannot at present writ to them yet deare bro : J shall desier thee to Remember my deare euerlasting loue to them both and to all my spirituall and naturall Relations in Fornis but espesially the famaly and meeting at swarthmore to whom J am vnited and Related and from whom J hop J shall neuer be seperated though my lot lights in the most Remot Corner of the land of our natifaty to laber and soiorne for a season J haue beine much in the Countis of Cornwall and Devon for one halfe yeare last past and the lords presence was with mee in the time of my pilgremage wherein the sight of a gospell minister would haue beine as an aple tree amonge the trees of the woode or as a lilly among many hedges of thorns howbeit J haue learned in all Conditions to be Content and J am Comforted and abundantly satisfied in this that the worke of the lord prospers and truth spreads and the knowledge of the Glory of our god ariseth in many and begins to Couer the earth as the waters Couers the sea, J should be glad if J might make it my busines to Come into the north to see my deare friends 140 THOMAS SALT HOUSE TO LEONARD FELL. 141 but J see noe Clearnes as yet to vndertake such a Jurney for J haue beine but about 5 days about this City and J must now needs goe westward againe towards Somerset and dorset shire for now there seems to be an open dore £nd liberty to laber as freely as formerly J am in great hist at present yet could J not omit to manifest my loue tothee in afew lins at present by a friend of kendall who is row here at the faire and therefore deare bro : Receiue and accapt of this as a testimony of true loue from him that was and is and shall foreuer Remane dear lenoard thy Reall and fathfull friend and brother in the truth THO SALTHOUSE. Indorsed—jfor Lenord ffell at Swarthmore these to be jeft for Convayence with Thomas Willan in Kendall Jn Westmorland. Ai.other endorsement, made by John Abraham, grandson of Margaret Fell, reads : Thomas Salthouse his Letter b Leonard jTell Two Earley jfriends Jn ye Ministrey. Copied from the original in the possession of Anthony W. Wilscn, of 20, Westcott Street, Hull, per E. Mitford Abraham 28, ii. 1909.(Jl «.

1683. 5 Oct. Note of further conviction of persons present at a conventicle hdd at Flamsted End, in Chesthunt, containing the following additional nanes :—Liddy Thompson, Debbora Bowen, Jennet Bond, George Chapnan, all of Waltham Abbey, co. Essex; Elizabeth Dry, widow, PriscilU Hart, William Webster of Enfield. 1683. No:e of convictions of the following persons for being present at an inlawful conventicle in the house of Benjamin Andrew, gentleman, in tie parish of Caddington :—Edward Chester, of Dunstable, Beds., the teacier; Benjamin Chester and his wife, of the same place ; William Barbei, of Luton, in the county of Bedford; John Elkins, of the same; leter Croot, the younger, Thomas Crawley, the elder, Thomas Crawley the younger, Thomas Winch, John Darman, all of Luton ; George leare, the elder, of Studhaux, in the county of Bedford ; William Liberty and John Robinson, of Kensworth, in the county of Hertford, Henry Priour and John White, of Flamsted ; Samuell Harris and his wife, Jorathan Kingsley, Thomas Marks, Thomas Osman, the elder, all of Ccddinton; Nicholas Chalenor and his wife, George Blackstone, Thomis Liberty, of Harpenden ; John Jackes, of Redburn, in the liberty of St Albans ; and Richard Jackes, of the same. 1 1 From the Hertfordshire Sessions Rolls, 1581 to i6gS. "

The following extract from Albert Cook Myers's Immigration of the Irish Quakers into Pennsylvania, 1682—1750 (p. 99), will explain the use of this term :— It was a frequent occurrence for poor emigrants to sell themseVes into temporary servitude, usually for a term of four years, in order to defray the cost of their transportation to Pennsylvania. On engaging passage the emigrants made an agreement or indenture with the ship­ master that they were to be sold after their arrival, and were knovn on this account as indented servants or redemptioners. It is evident from certificates of removal and other manuscripts that many Friencs, par­ ticularly those from Ireland, arrived in this manner. . . At thi end of their service, if their behavior merited it, they received a suit of clothes, a set of tools of the occupation in which they were engaged, And fre­ quently a sum of money, and those who had come over vith first purchasers were allowed by Penn to take up fifty acres of land a^ a rent of one half-penny an acre per annum. The working of this system is illustrated by the following extract from a letter written to Margaret Fell by Henry Fell, from Barbados in 1658 (preserved in D., Swarthmore MSS. i. 72):— . . . My loue to my Brother Thomas & ye rest of my friends after ye Jflesh thou mayst remember & lett them know that J amvtell euery way J did mention in one of my ^Former letters to thee, one Thomas Hatton (who is nephew to Gervase Benson) who was apprentice to a Barber in Kendall he went ouer in ye same shipp with me, as a Serv* toSerue 4 yeares here to whomsoeuer his mr to whom he had entered himselfe seru* to should sell him. Soe J vnderstandge that his matter would sell him, J spoke to him to know what he would haue for him knowinge that he might be servicable to some jfriends here, he tould m3 J should haue him cheaper then any, And the younge man desired to lius with a jf riend, soe when we came to ye Jsland J spoke to Peter Evans (vho is a f aithf ull JFriend) who was willinge to buy him, & soe gave i6ooli *f sugar for him. Peter likes him well, & he will be seruicable to him. But J thought good to mention this againe, yt his vncle may be acquanted with it, the fellow desired me to mention it if J writt into England. J desire to heare from his vncle to know his minde herein, if he will release him, or let him serue ye tyme, which seruitude will be ye lesse to be borne in regard he is with a jfriend. J would desire thee to let him knov thus much, and remember my deare loue to him. . . The dark side of the Indenture system may be seen in the life of Elizabeth Ashbridge (1713-1755) ; see Quaker Grey, by Albert C. Curtis, 1904. 142 (Uidjofeon Qtlanuecripfo

In the library of Friends' books belonging to Liverpool Preparative Meeting there is a collection of twenty-five manuscript volumes, averaging from 250 to 300 foolscap pages each, known as the Nicholson MSS. The volumes contain no original MSS., but consist of copies of documents ranging in date from 1660 to 1840. The contents are extremely miscellaneous in character and vary greatly in interest and value. There are hundreds of letters by writers who were in their day prominent members of the Society. Biographical notices are frequent, generally brief, but a few of considerable length. Testimonies to deceased ministers are very numerous from the earliest times of the Society, one issued by Hardshaw Monthly Meeting in 1661. Epistles issued by Yearly, Quarterly, and Monthly Meetings are transcribed in full in large numbers both of early and later dates ; also others from individuals addressed to Friends generally, or to some particular place or meeting, in some cases after religious visits had been made to them. Reports of Yearly and Quarterly Meetings visitation committees are also found. Memorials, petitions, and congratulatory addresses to persons in authority and to legislatures are frequent. The earlier volumes contain relations of remarkable incidents, sermons, visions and dreams. There is information about the chief dissensions that have from time to time troubled the Society, from the Story-Wilkinson down to the Beaconite controversy. A large proportion of the contents under the above headings relate to Friends in America. Special interest for our Monthly Meeting attaches to records of former members of it, such as the Haydocks, Fothergills, Rathbones, Rouths, Robsons, Flounders, etc. It is probably correct to say generally of the letters, biographical notices, and testimonies that they have not been printed or are now out of print. Each of the twenty-five volumes has a list of contents at the end, and there is an index to the whole bound separately. From a recent report on the Nicholson MSS. presented to Hardshaw West Monthly Meeting. Joseph Nicholson, the writer of the volumes, was a Friend of Liverpool; it is said that he spent most of his time at the Meeting House copying ancient Quaker documents. He died in 1842. n

Samuell Spavold2—Shop Keeper in faulk Stone, Kent Lodged at our house ye 12 of 7th Mo 1748—67 Will™ Bidwell at Cullampton—from that Town—he was directed to attend meetings as followeth Viz : Wellington this day at 5 Evening. Jlmister 3d Day Eve or 4th day. Taunton 5th day Noon. Milverton 6 day Evening. Minehead 7th day for first day M° Meeting. Bridgswatr 2d day. Grin ton 3 day or Sidcott: Claram 4th day Portishead 5th day. Bristo1 6th day.

At our house y6 28th of 12 Mo : 1749—Henry jfreeman' N.B. hee Sells jflower of Mustard and Many other Things—Direct to Him—To Henry and Joseph Jfreeman Confectioners on Margate Hill in the Burrow of Southwark—London.

At our house ye 30. of 4. Mo. 1751 Margreat Marsham—of Becles in Suflolk4 and With her Eliz Morly of Bury in Suffolk.

At our house ye 28 : of 3d Mo. 1756, John Ransome^ of North Walsham Conty of Norfolk—who if we want Correspondence at Norridge will acct that kind part to Introduce us. And with him his Companion Edward Higginson6 of good manchester in Huntington Shire. 1 Extracts from a memorandum book in the possession of Fox Brothers & Co., Ltd., of Wellington, Somerset, written between the years 1750 and 1772 by members of the firm of Thomas Were and Sons, who then carried on the Wellington business, which subsequently came into the hands of Thomas Fox and his descendants. By the courtesy of Joseph Hoyland Fox, J.P. 2 Samuel Spavold, of Hitchin, died 1795. He left Folkestone for Hitchin in 1750. 3 See THE JOURNAL, v. 50. * (c. 1708-1786) Daughter of Cave and Sarah Marsham, visited many parts of England between 1741 and 1763. 5 (c. 1710-1762) " North Walsham, July 6. On Friday last died, after a short illness, Mr. John Ransome, of this town, an eminent Preacher among the People called Quakers, who adorned his profession by the practice of every Christian virtue."—Newscutting in D., dated 1762. 6 Edward Higginson was usher at the school of John Kuweidt, at Wandsworth, when Voltaire visited it in 1724. In 1728, he removed into Cambridgeshire, where he was lost to our view until this note came to light. See The Yorkshireman, i. 167 ; Voltaire in Hampstead, 1903. 144 MINISTERS TRAVELLING IN THE WEST. 145

The 25th of 12 Mo 1756 was at our house John Storer7 of Nottingham and his Companion Joseph Heath of Coventry. N.B. John Storer and Robert Bakewell of Nottingham are partners In y6 Wooll Stapleing Trade—and will buy or Sell for us at 5s p pack Comission—and a low Sort of woole with them is Took out and Sould in fleece at ab1 I2/- or 12/6 p Todd when our Common Cuntry price was 6 pence p pound—and Likewise very Superfine w< pinions are Sould with them—and Can be brott down yc Severn—by puting one board at Strat ford one y6 Aven—if no better or Cheeper port Can be found. They also say that John Adkins wooll Coomber at Warwick occason- ally buyes & sells wooll &c.

1762 ye 9th of 9 Mo Sep1 from Exeter yearly Meeting at our house to our quarterly meeting—with Catherine payton8 was Timothy Bevington0 : In Worcester—hee proposed to send a portion of Phissick for y6 Convilshon jf itts—and if I remembr right it was remarked that y6 white part of peacocks Dung powered & given in Syrup of piony was also Good for sd Disorder.

About ye 20 : of ye 12th Mo Decr 1754 was at our house our Worthey and Esteemed friends—Samuel Hopwood10—Edmund Peckover11 and John Alderson 12—The Two Last designing for vissiting Jfriends meetings between this and Lands End—(jfriend Hopwood Therefore advised as after—(viz.) from Exon &c. Say ye 22d at Exon of a first day at that meeting being their Mothe day Morn. 3 Miles Third day—at Topsham metting, being the 24 day mo. 3 do. back to Exon 4th & 5th day being Quarterly Meeting 25 & 26 12 to Bovey Sixth day (at Sara Splatts - - 27 24 to Holberton Seventh day (at James Hingstons - - 28 10 to Plymouth first day - - - - ye 29 10 to over the passage and then to Germans 2d day to have a^l meetingx- 3d,T dayj at* 10 - - Jf J30 & °31 6 two Looe third day y6 same evening from thence - y6 i mo 6 to Liscard and appoint a meeting there to beginn at 12. 4th day ye i mo 14 to Wade Bridge y^ 5th day - 2 8 to Port ISaac - .... 3 8 Back to Edward jfox's .... 4 10 first day Monthly meeting at Dennis - 5 5 from Dennis Meeting to Austill—There Quarter Meeting is 3d & 4 (Iav 6. 7. 8

? (1725-1795) Travelled extensively. He was in America in 1759 and 1786. 8 Catherine Payton, aft. Phillips (d. 1794). See THE JOURNAL, ii. 94. 9 (c. 1727-1802) 10 (1674-1760) See THE JOURNAL, i. 95, 107, iv. 21. 11 ( I 695-i767) See THE JOURNAL, i. 95-109, iv. 17-23. 12 (c. 1721-1764) John Alderson, of Ravenstonedale, Westmorland, where he followed the occupation of a shepherd. See Piety Promoted. 146 GEORGE FOX TO JUSTICE FLEMING.

20 to Penrin 5 day to have a meeting 6th day - - 9.10 2Oth to pensance—7th day - - - - n io first day to Lands End - - - - 12 ioth Same Evening back to pensance ... 3 Second Day to Markett Jew or Merry Zion - - 13 20 Back to Penrin a 3d day - - - 14 2 to falmouth meeting—a—fourth day - - - 15 6 to Key meeting a fifth day - - - 16 23 to Parr a Sixth day - - - 17 8 to Looe. y° 7th day - 18 and if Looe Meeting is past down words then have a Meetg. - 19 12 jfrom Looe Back to Plymouth ...

jfoj: fo 3wtict jffeming, 1663,

An ancient, tattered manuscript, belonging to Anthony W. Wilson, of Hull, containing a copy of Fox's letter to Fleming from Lancaster Castle in 1663, has recently been on loan at Devonshire House. The principal portion of this letter has been printed in The Journal of George Fox.* The MS. is signed L. M., and there is the following " postcript " : — And also Wm Grave to whom thou hast ^tented much love and friendship and whom thou hast cast into prison ; and what thou would do for him ; who came hither to ye my good service of ye Countrey and when he came hither his service flre would not be taken upon wch the oath was tended to him as a snare and such was kept in prison untill ye sessions. [Here follow three lines of cypher, of the same kind as that found elsewhere in Quaker MSS.] And when the oath was tendred to him agn then thou never opend thy mouth as for his good though thou knew him to bee thy neighbour and the cause of his first Commitment and so in a tim of need thou manyfested thy love. [Then follow ten lines of cypher.] And so thou maist remember what thou saidst to his wife being a Justice both of Lancashire westmrland and Cumberland, so now thou maist see what is thy word on his behalfe as knowing before hee could not swear. This interesting old document is endorsed, in Fox's writing, as follows : — jvstes flimen westmarland this filmon did presen one to death 1663 & flinnen his wife died & one of her childern & shee laft 14 mouther les childern a sad ivdgment vpon an old percuter. 1 Bicent. Ed., ii. 30.

O'VAKC-^ be Ofpcete for t$t ?)eatr

ALFRED NEAVE BRAYSHAW, B.A., LL.B.

1903-4. THOMAS HODGKIN, D.C.L., Litt.D. 1904-5. JOHN STEPHENSON ROWNTREE, J.P. 1905-6. WILLIAM CHARLES BRAITHWAITE, B.A., LL.B. 1906-7. FRANCIS C. CLAYTON, J.P. 1907-8. GEORGE VAUX. 1908-9. JOSEPH JOSHUA GREEN. 1909-10. FREDERICK G. CASH.

AMELIA MOTT GUMMERE.

GEORGE BENINGTON.

ISAAC SHARP, B.A. NORMAN PENNEY, F.S.A., F.R.Hist.S. of "£0e Jfournaf": NORMAN PENNEY, F.S.A., F.R.Hist.S. Committee : OHN DYMOND CROSFIELD. OSEPH J. GREEN. . ERNEST GRUBB. THOMAS EDMUND HARVEY, M.A., M.P. THOMAS HODGKIN, D.C.L., Litt.D. JOHN MORLAND, J.P. CHARLOTTE FELL SMITH. J. PIM STRANGMAN. ALFRED KEMP BROWN, M.A. CHARLES J. HOLDSWORTH, J.P. Ex-officio : ROBERT ALFRED PENNEY (Clerk of Meeting for Sufferings). ANNA L. LITTLEBOY (Clerk of Library and Printing Committee), ISAAC SHARP, B.A. (Recording Clerk). NORMAN PENNEY, F.S.A., F.R.Hist.S. (Librarian). Consultative : GEORGE VAUX, 1715 Arch Street, Philadelphia, Pa. ALLEN C. THOMAS, A.M., Haverford College, Pa. ALBERT COOK MYERS, M.L., Moylan, Pa. RUFUS M. JONES, A.M., D.Litt, Haverford College, Pa. WILLIAM L. PEARSON, Ph.D., Friends' University, Wichita, Kan. FRIENDS' HISTORICAL SOCIETY.

and expenditure Recount for Year ending sist of Cwelfth flQontb, 1909

INCOME. £ s- d- EXPENDITURE. £ s. d.

Balance in hand 41 TI O Cost of Printing Journal, vol. vi. .. 111 4 6 Annual Subscriptions ..107 i 3 Cost on account of Supplement viii. Sundry Sales 26 9 i " State Papers" ...... 190 Contributions towards Supplement vii. Postage, Stationery, Advertising and u Thomas Pole, M.D." .. .. 3 7 10 Sundries 23 18 3 Contribution towards Supplement viii. Balance in hand.. 51 o o u State Papers." ...... 7 Donation IO O Interest on Deposit ...... i 5 5 £187 ii 9 £187 ii 9

Signed, GEORGE BENINGTON, 6th of Fifth Month, 1910. Treasurer, VOLUME 4, J907, CONTAINS : Our Bibliographers—John Whiting. Presentations in Episcopal Visitations, 1662-1679. Episodes in the Life of May Drummond. The Quaker Allusions in u The Diary of Samuel Pepys." Illustrated. Personal Recollections of American Ministers, 1828-1852. Early Meetings in Nottinghamshire. VOLUME 5, J908. CONTAINS I The Westmorland and Swaledale Seekers in 1651. Friends in Mansfield and District. Illustrated. A Glimpse of Ancient Friends in Dorset. Quaker Ministers and French Police. Documents from the Paris National Archives relating to Stephen Grellet. The Defection of John Scanfield. Hannah Lightfoot. Illustrated.

\ VOLUME 6, 1909. CONTAINS I Quakerism in the Isle of Man. The Somerby Estate, Leicestershire. Captain Thomas Taylor of Brighouse. Illustrated. American Journals of Esther Palmer. John Reckless and his Family. Illustrated. Incidents at the Time of the American Revolution.

Each volume contains Notes and Queries, papers on current literature relating to Friends, and numerous articles not mentioned above. The indexes to the six volumes contain about 17,500 references to persons, places, and subjects. Price Five Shillings net ($1.25) per vol. in parts as issued

London: HEADLEY BROTHERS, 14, BISHOPSGATE WITHOUT, E.C. Philadelphia: HERMAN NEWMAN, 1010 ARCH STREET. New York: DAVID S. TABER, 144 EAST 20TH STREET. HEADLEY -BROTHERS, PRINTERS, LONDON; AND ASHFORD, KENT.