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Promoting Girls' Education in Africa - the Design and Implementation of Policy Interventions - Education Research Paper No Promoting girls' education in Africa - The design and implementation of policy interventions - Education Research Paper No. 25, 1998, 141 p. Table of Contents N Swainson, S Bendera, R Gordon, E Kadzamira EDUCATION RESEARCH July 1998 Serial No. 25 ISBN: 1 86192 046 6 Department For International Development Table of Contents Department for International Development Education Papers Acknowledgements Chapter 1 - Introduction 1.1. Study objectives 1.2. Methodology 1.3. Structure of the report 1.4. Literature review Chapter 2 - Donor gender policies 2.1. The Department for International Development, UK 2.1.1 Gender and development 2.1.2 Education policy 2.2. Sida 2.2.1 Background to Sida's WID/GAD policy 2.2.2 Education 2.3. UNICEF 2.3.1 Gender and education 2.3.2 Education 2.4. Conclusion Chapter 3 - Malawi 3.1. Educational provision: An overview 3.1.1 Primary education 3.1.2 Secondary education 3.1.3 Tertiary education 3.1.4 Literacy 3.1.5 Public expenditure on education 3.2. Knowledge generated 3.2.1 Research gender and education 3.2.2 Utilisation of research knowledge 3.2.3 Research on socio-economic constraints 3.2.4 Research on socio-cultural constraints 3.2.5 Research on school-related factors 3.3. Government interventions 3.3.1 Education Development Plans 3.3.2 Government policy to promote girls' and womens' education 3.3.3 Policy design and implementation: strengths and weaknesses 3.3.4 Contradictions in government policy 3.3.5 Organisational and bureaucratic factors and the role of gender advocates 3.3.6 The role played by gender advocates within MOE and MOWCACDSW 3.3.7 Implementation issues 3.3.8 The girl's secondary school scholarship programme 3.4 Donor interventions 3.4.1 Donor support to education 3.4.2 USAID - Gable programme 1991-1998 3.4.3 UNICEF 3.4.4 ODA/DFID 3.4.5 Donor coordination 3.5 Non governmental organisations 3.5.1 The nature of NGO activity 3.5.2 Relationship between women's NGOs and government 3.5.3 NGOs and aid agencies 3.5.4 NGOs and government policy 3.6. Conclusion Chapter 4 - Tanzania 4.1. Educational provision: An overview 4.1.1 Primary and secondary education 4.1.2 Post-secondary education and training 4.1.3 Literacy and non-formal education 4.1.4 Education funding 4.2. Knowledge generated 4.2.1 The overall research effort 4.2.2 The Mbilinyi report 4.3. Government interventions 4.3.1 Gender policy 4.3.2 Gender in education policy 4.4. NGO and Donor interventions 4.4.1 NGOs and Gender 4.5. Donor interventions 4.5.1 Donor support to education 4.5.2 DFID 4.5.3 Sida 4.5.4 UNICEF 4.6. Conclusions and recommendations Chapter 5 - Zimbabwe 5.1. Educational provision in Zimbabwe: An overview 5.1.1 Primary and secondary schools 5.1.2 Secondary school examination results 5.1.3 Tertiary education 5.1.4 Non-formal education 5.2. Knowledge generated 5.2.1 Statistical overviews 5.2.2 In-depth research 5.2.3 Research impact 5.3. Government policy 5.3.1 Policy issues 5.3.2 Gender policies and the emergence of gender equity as an issue in education 5.3.3 Gender issues in education: policies and practice 5.4. Donor interventions 5.4.1 DGIS 5.4.2 Sida 5.4.3 UNICEF 5.5. NGOs and the struggle for gender equality 5.6. Conclusions and recommendations Chapter 6 - Conclusion References List of persons consulted List of abbreviations Promoting girls' education in Africa - The design and implementation of policy interventions - Education Research Paper No. 25, 1998, 141 p. [Table of Contents] [Next Page] Department for International Development Education Papers This is one of a series of Education Papers issued from time to time by the Education Division of the Department For International Development. Each paper represents a study or piece of commissioned research on some aspect of education and training in developing countries. Most of the studies were undertaken in order to provide informed judgements from which policy decisions could be drawn, but in each case it has become apparent that the material produced would be of interest to a wider audience, particularly but not exclusively to those whose work focuses on developing countries. Each paper is numbered serially, and further copies can be obtained through the DFID's Education Division, 94 Victoria Street, London SW1E 5JL, subject to availability. A full list appears overleaf. Although these papers are issued by the DFID, the views expressed in them are entirely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the DFID's own policies or views. Any discussion of their content should therefore be addressed to the authors and not to the DFID. LIST OF OTHER DFID EDUCATION PAPERS AVAILABLE IN THIS SERIES Pennycuick, D. 1993 'SCHOOL EFFECTIVENESS IN DEVELOPING No. 1 COUNTRIES: A SUMMARY OF THE RESEARCH EVIDENCE' ISBN: 0 90250 061 9 Hough, J.R. 1993 'EDUCATIONAL COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS' No. 2 ISBN: 0 90250 062 7 Gray, L. et al 1993 'REDUCING THE COST OF TECHNICAL AND No. 3 VOCATIONAL EDUCATION' ISBN: 0 90250 063 5 Williams, E. 1993 'REPORT ON READING ENGLISH IN PRIMARY No. 4 SCHOOLS IN MALAWI' ISBN: 0 90250 064 3 (See also No. 24) Williams, E. 1993 'REPORT ON READING ENGLISH IN PRIMARY No. 5 SCHOOLS IN ZAMBIA' ISBN: 0 90250 065 1 (See also No. 24) Lewin, K. 1993 'EDUCATION AND DEVELOPMENT: THE ISSUES AND No. 6 THE EVIDENCE' ISBN: 0 90250 066 8 Penrose, P. 1993 'PLANNING AND FINANCING: SUSTAINABLE No. 7 EDUCATION SYSTEMS IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA' ISBN: 0 90250 067 8 No. 8 (not issued) Brock, C. Cammish, N. 1991 (Revised 1997) - 'FACTORS AFFECTING FEMALE PARTICIPATION IN EDUCATION IN SEVEN DEVELOPING No. 9 COUNTRIES' ISBN: 1 86192 065 2 Rogers, A. 1994 'USING LITERACY: A NEW APPROACH TO POST- No. LITERACY METHODS' 10 ISBN: 1 86192 070 9 McGrath, S. King, K. et al. 1995 (Reprinted 1997) 'EDUCATION AND No. TRAINING FOR THE INFORMAL SECTOR' Vol. 1. and Vol. 2 - Case 11 studies. ISBN: 1 86192 090 3 Little, A. 1995 'MULTI-GRADE TEACHING: A REVIEW OF RESEARCH No. AND PRACTICE' 12 ISBN: 0 90250 058 9 Bilham, T. Gilmour, R. 1995 'DISTANCE EDUCATION IN ENGINEERING No. FOR DEVELOPING COUNTRIES' 13 ISBN: 0 90250 068 6 Barnett, E. de Koning, K. Francis, V. 1995 'HEALTH & HIV/AIDS No. EDUCATION IN PRIMARY & SECONDARY SCHOOLS IN AFRICA & 14 ASIA' ISBN: 0 90250 069 4 Gray, L. Warrender, A.M. Davies, P. Hurley, G. Manton, C. 1995 'LABOUR No. MARKET SIGNALS & INDICATORS' 15 ISBN: 0 90250 070 8 Lubben, F. Campbell R. Dlamini B. 1995 'IN-SERVICE SUPPORT FOR A No. TECHNOLOGICAL APPROACH TO SCIENCE EDUCATION' 16 ISBN: 0 90250 071 6 Archer, D. Cottingham, S. 1996 'ACTION RESEARCH REPORT ON No. REFLECT' 17 ISBN: 0 90250 072 4 Kent, D. Mushi, P. 1996 'THE EDUCATION AND TRAINING OF No. ARTISANS FOR THE INFORMAL SECTOR IN TANZANIA' 18 ISBN: 0 90250 074 0 Brock, C. Cammish, N. 1997 'GENDER, EDUCATION AND No. DEVELOPMENT - A PARTIALLY ANNOTATED AND SELECTIVE 19 BIBLIOGRAPHY' ISBN: 0 90250 076 7 Taylor, P. Mulhall, A. 1997 'CONTEXTUALISING TEACHING AND LEARNING IN RURAL PRIMARY SCHOOLS: USING AGRICULTURAL No. EXPERIENCE' 20 Vol. 1 - ISBN: 1 861920 45 8 Vol. 2 (Case Studies) - ISBN: 1 86192 050 4 Kutnick, P. Jules, V. Layne, A. 1997 'GENDER AND SCHOOL No. ACHIEVEMENT IN THE CARIBBEAN' 21 ISBN: 1 86192 080 6 Bourne, R. Gundara, J. Dev, A. Ratsoma, N. Rukanda, M. Smith, A. No. Birthistle, U. 1997 'SCHOOL-BASED UNDERSTANDING OF HUMAN 22 RIGHTS IN FOUR COUNTRIES: A COMMONWEALTH STUDY' ISBN: 1 86192 095 4 Stephens, D. 1998 'GIRLS AND BASIC EDUCATION: A CULTURAL No. ENQUIRY' 23 ISBN: 1 86192 036 9 Williams, E. 1998 'INVESTIGATING BILINGUAL LITERACY: No. EVIDENCE FROM MALAWI AND ZAMBIA' (Updated and combined 24 reissue of Serial No. 4 & 5) ISBN: 1 86192 041 5 Rosenberg, D. Odihi, C. Radebe, T. Sidibe, A. 1998 'GETTING BOOKS TO No. SCHOOL PUPILS IN AFRICA 26 ISBN: 1 86192 051 2 No. Penrose, P. 1998 'COST SHARING IN EDUCATION' 27 ISBN: 1 86192 056 3 OTHER DFID EDUCATION STUDIES ALSO AVAILABLE Swainson, N. 1995 'REDRESSING GENDER INEQUALITIES IN EDUCATION' Wynd, S. 1995 'FACTORS AFFECTING GIRLS' ACCESS TO SCHOOLING IN NIGER' Phillips, D. Arnhold, N. Bekker, J. Kersh, N. McLeish, E. 1996 'EDUCATION FOR RECONSTRUCTION' Rosenberg, D. 1996 'AFRICAN JOURNAL DISTRIBUTION PROGRAMME: EVALUATION OF 1994 PILOT PROJECT' Perraton, H. 1998 'REWARDING WRITERS OF COURSE MATERIAL FOR OPEN AND DISTANCE LEARNING' All available free of charge from DFID Education Division, 94 Victoria Street, London SW1E 5JL. A free descriptive catalogue giving further details of each paper is also available. [Top of Page] [Next Page] Promoting girls' education in Africa - The design and implementation of policy interventions - Education Research Paper No. 25, 1998, 141 p. [Previous Page] [Table of Contents] [Next Page] Acknowledgements This study was sponsored by the Economic and Social Committee on Overseas Research (ESCOR) (UK) and the Education Division of the Department for International Development (DFID). From March 1996 to March 1997, Nicola Swainson was a research fellow at the School of African and Asian Studies at the University of Sussex. The local research collaborators have the following affiliations: Dr. Stella Bendera, Bureau of Educational Research and Evaluation, Faculty of Education, University of Dar es Salaam; Esme Kadzamira, the Centre for Research and Training at Chancellor College in Zomba and Rosemary Gordon, Department of Educational Foundations University of Zimbabwe.
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