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La chronologie est une science de la fixation des dates SAKOU :)eµ :)m’Ùy Samoth des événements historiques, celle du Cambodge dans ce SAKOU Samoth recueil comprend : Généralité, historique, brève histoire de l’Asie (cartes) Mémoires sur les coutumes du Cambodge de Tcheou Ta Koun La Thaïlande, le Viêt-nam Règnes du roi Norodom, Sisowath, Sisowath Monivong Régne du roi Norodom Sihanouk Son Ngoc Minh, Sisowath Yutévong, Ieuv Koeus, Norodom Suramarit Sangkum Reastr Niyum Chuon Nath, Dap Chuon, Sam Sary, Rat Vath, Preap In, Chau Bory, Sao Ngoy La marche vers la République khmère Lon Nol, Lon Non, Chéng Héng, Long Boreth, Son Ngoc Thanh,S. Sirik Matak La formation du Kampuchea démocratique, Pol Pot, Nuon Chea, Ta Mok 1973 2000 1997 Norodom Sihanouk, Héng Samrin, Chea Sim, Hun Sèn Accord de paix du Cambodge, Paris le 23 octobre 1991 Attentat à la grenade le 30 mars 1997 Plateau continental khmer 1971 Peuplement du Cambodge 2011 2009 Recensement de la population du Cambodge 1998 Recensement de la population du Cambodge 2008 RepèresRepères historiqueshistoriques Elections législatives 2008, scrutins nationaux de 1946 à 2008 Ramifications familiales de la déforestation (Global Witness) FaitsFaits .. ChiffresChiffres .. PhotosPhotos .. CartesCartes L’Affaire dite de Cochinchine (Chhean Vam) Chambres extraordinaires au sein des tribunaux cambodgiens CETC Kaing Kek Ieu alias Douch 375 bornes frontalières entre le Cambodge et le Vietnam CHRONOLOGIE DU CAMBODGE CHRONOLOGIE Sam Rainsy Magazine d’Angkor Vat Le temple de Preah Vihear et les agressions thaïlandaises Paris Avril 2011 ISBN 2-9524557-2-4 Dépôt légal : Bibliothèque nationale de France .Avril 2011 ISSN:1162-1680 2011 Recueil de la chronologie du Cambodge Généralité, historique, brève histoire de l’Asie (cartes) 4 - 27 Mémoires sur les coutumes du Cambodge de Tcheou Ta Koun 28-57 La Thaïlande, le Viet-nam 58-63 Règnes du roi Norodom, Sisowath, Sisowath Monivong 64-89 Régne du roi Norodom Sihanouk 90-114 Sangkum Reastr Niyum 115-161 La marche vers la République khmère 162-221 La formation du Kampuchea démocratique, Pol Pot, Nuon Chea 222-258 Norodom Sihanouk, Héng Samrin, Chea Sim, Hun Sèn 259-274 Accord de paix du Cambodge, Paris le 23 octobre 1991 275-279 Attentat à la grenade le 30 mars 1997 280-281 Plateau continental khmer 282-284 Peuplement du Cambodge 285-289 Recensement de la population du Cambodge 1998 290-291 Recensement de la population du Cambodge 2008 292-295 Elections législatives 2008, scrutins nationaux de 1946 à 2008 296-302 Ramifications familiales de la déforestation (Global Witness) 303-305 L’Affaire dite de Cochinchine (Chhean Vam) 306-321 Chambres extraordinaires au sein des tribunaux cambodgiens CETC 322-328 Kaing Kek Ieu alias Douch 375 bornes frontalières entre le Cambodge et le Vietnam 329-344 Sam Rainsy 345-347 Le temple de Preah Vihear et les agressions thaïlandaises 348-391 3 Abréviations utilisées dans ce livre Repères généraux du Cambodge Abréviations utilisées dans ce livre Superficie : 181 035 km² Population(millions) : 5,7(1962 recens.); 7 (1970); 11,5 (1998 recens.); 13,4 (2008 recens.) CLPK : Comité de libération du peuple khmer Densité (habitants/km2): 32(1962 recens.); 39 (1970); 64 (1998 recens.); 74 (2008 recens.) CNKL : Comité national khmer de libération Groupes ethniques : Khmers (90%), Vietnamiens (5%), Chinois (1%), diverses ethnies (4%). CCLP : Comité central provisoire de libération du peuple Langue officielle : Khmer. Capitale : Phnom-Penh. Fête nationale de l'Indépendance :9 Novembre. FUI : Front uni Issarak Nouvel an khmer : 14 avril. Religion : Bouddhisme theravada (petit véhicule) pratiqué par 95%. AEK : Association des Etudiants khmers Celui-ci se divise en deux ordres : le Dhammayudh, d’origine aristocratique, est élitiste, et le PCI : Parti communiste indochinois Mohanikay est plus populaire. Le reste sont des musulmants (3%), chrétiens ou animistes. PRPK : Parti révolutionnaire du peuple khmer Système politique : Monarchie constitutionnelle. Roi du Cambodge : Norodom Sihamoni . PTK : Parti des travailleurs khmers Cinq Partis politiques partagent 123 sièges de l’Assemblée nationale PCK : Parti communiste khmer Législatives 2008: PPC = 90 sièges - PSR = 26 - PDH=3 - PNR=2 - FUNCINPEC=2 sièges. PCVN : Parti communiste vietnamien Structure professionnelle : 1965 1998 2008 FUNSK : Front uni national pour le sauvegarde du Kampuchea . Agriculture 81% 77,5% 72,3% KD : Kampuchea démocratique (Khmer Rouge) . Industrie 4% 4,3% 8,5% RPK : République populaire khmère . Service 15% 18,2% 19,2% PPC : Parti du peuple cambodgien Croissance économique : -2,6%. Economie s’appuie sur l’industrie du textile et de tourisme . FUNCINPEC: Front d’union nationale pour le Cambodge indépendant, 2008: Taux de croissance de population: 1,54%; Taux de natalité: 33,16%o ; Taux de mortalité : neutre, coopératif. 10,65%o ; Taux de mortalité infantile : 60,0%o ; Taux de fécondité : 4,7 enfants/femme. PSR : Parti Sam Rainsy Parti baptisé du Parti de la Nation Khmère Climat : climat tropical de mousson avec deux saisons distinctes, une sèche et une humide. La OTASE : Oraganisation du Traité de l’Asie du Sud-Est mousson séche de novembre à mars vient du vent continental du nord-est; la mousson humide mai à octobre vient du sud-ouest de la mer avec des pluies violentes. Les températures varient Viet Minh : Front pour l’Indépendance du Vietnam fondé par Ho Chi Minh. de 22°C à 40°C; les mois de mars et avril sont les plus chauds et janvier le plus frais. Vietcong : Mouvement communiste de libération du Vietnam du Sud, CAMBODGE-UNESCO armé par les communiste vietnamiens Vietminh Le temple d’Angkor Vat est classé dans le Patrimoine culturel de l'Unesco le 14 décembre 1992. Khmer Vietminh : Khmer communiste créé et formé par les Vietminh. La Ballet royal khmer est classé dans le Patrimoine Immatériel de l'Unesco le 7 novembre 2003. Khmer Rouge : Khmer communiste né au Cambodge endoctriné par le Maoïsme. Le Théâtre d'ombres khmer (Sbèk thom) Khmer Issarak : Mouvement de Khmer libre de tendance la Droite cambodgienne. est classé dans le Patrimoine Oral et Immatériel de l'Unesco le 25 novembre 2005. Kambujã = Kampuchea = Cambodge ; Khmer = Cambodgien. Le Temple Preah Vihear est classé dans le Patrimoine culturel de l'Unesco le 7 juillet 2008. Le nom khmer est généralement formé de deux parties dont la première est le patro- Le Tonlé Sap est classé dans la Réserve de l’Homme et la Biosphère (MAB) de l’Unesco en 1997. nyme et la seconde correspond au prénom, exemples : Mao Sareth, Sin SiSamouth. Pays Superficie Population Densité PNB (2010) croissance Espér. km2 millions habit./km2 volume par habit. 2009 2010 vie Khmer Vietminh Cambodge 181 035 15,0 83 11,4 795 -2,6 4,8 62 VIETMINH Son Ngoc Minh, Keo Moni, Mey Pho, Rath Laos 236 800 6,3 26 6,3 984 4,6 7,7 66 Front pour l’indépendance du Vietnam fondé par Ho Chi Minh Samuon, Chea Soth, Chan Sy, Pèn Sovann,... Thaïlande 513 115 68,1 133 312,6 4 621 -3,4 7,5 69 Viêtnam 332 000 89,0 268 102 1 155 4,6 6,5 75 Khmer Rouge Singapour 639 4,8 7 512 217,4 42 653 -3,3 15,0 81 Pol Pot, Khieu Thirith, Khieu Samphân, Nuon Chine 9 562 000 1 354 142 5 745,1 4 283 8,5 10,5 73 Chea, Ieng Sary, Son Sén, So Phim, Ta Mok, France 547 000 62,6 114 2 555,4 40 951 -2,3 1,6 82 Duc, Chea Sim, Héng Samrin, Hun Sèn,... KHMER ISSARAK Superficie : en km2; Population : en millions habitants; Densité=habitant/km2 Khmer Issarak : Poc Kun, Son Ngoc Thanh, Mouvement pour le Cambodge libre PNB en volume: en milliards de $ USD; PNB par habitant: en $ USD Croissance : taux de croissance en 2009 et 2010 ; Espérance de vie (Espér. de vie) : en années. Keo Tak, Ch.Rainsei, Dap Chhoun, Puth Chay,.. Source : LE MONDE : BILAN DU MONDE 2011 4 5 Repères historiques du Cambodge Repères historiques du Cambodge Repères historiques du Cambodge 1953: L’indépendance du Cambodge du protectorat français (9 novembre). 1er-VI siècle après JC. Le royaume hindouisé Fou-Nan se développe dans le bassin 1960: A la suite d’un référendum, le prince Sihanouk devient chef de l’Etat sans repren- du bas Mékong. dre le titre de roi. Fondation d’un parti politique unique le “Sangkum Reastr Niyum” VI-VIIè siècle: Royaume du Tchen-la sur le moyen Mékong. 1962 : 15 juin-Arrêt de la Cour Internationale de Justice (CIJ) de la Haye : VIIIè. siècle: Division du Tchen-la en deux royaumes : le Tchen-la de Terre, au nord, le temple de Preah Vihear relève de la souveraineté cambodgienne. le Tchen-la d’Eau, au sud (actuel Cambodge). Suzeraineté javanaise de Çailendra. 1970: le prince Sihanouk est destitué de ses fonctions de chef de l’Etat du Cambodge 802-850: Règne de Jayavarman II, qui unifie le Cambodge et fonde le royaume par les parlements des deux chambres (18 mars). Proclamation de la République d’Angkor. khmère (9 octobre), le Président est le Général LON Nol. 877-889: Règne d’Indravarman Ier. Début de l’expansion khmère au sud et au nord de 1975: Cette République, à son tour, est abolie le 17 avril par les Khmers Rouges de Pol la péninsule indochinoise et mise en oeuvre de vastes opérations de régularisation Pot. Pol Pot pratique la révolution paysanne et installe le régime communiste pur et des eaux. dur sous le nom du Kampuchéa Démocratique (KD). 889-900: Règne d’Yaçovarman. Transfert de la capitale à Angkor. 1979: Le Kampuchéa démocratique aura duré 3 ans, 8 mois et 20 jours. Le 7 janvier, Le bouddhisme commence à se répandre dans le pays. ce régime est renversé par les Vietnamiens qui, dans leurs tentes emmènent le FUNSK 968-1001:Règne de Jayavarman V, auquel fait suite une période de luttes dynastiques.
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    Cambodia: The Tragedies (Part 2) By Hann So April 17, 2013 Visit to the Refugee Camps on the Khmer-Thai Border March 22 – April 2, 1987 The Delegation The delegation, headed by John Than Po of Seattle, WA, was composed of: Seang Lim Bit,Oakland, CA; Sakphan Keam, Long Beach, CA; Kim An Leng, Lebanon, PA; Bun Tek (Ted) Ngoy, Mission Viejo, CA; Luke Polk, Portland, OR; Sithan Sar, Norwalk, CA; Hann So, San Jose, CA; Arun Son, Fresno, CA. The delegation left Los Angeles, CA on March 21, 1987, and arrived in Bangkok, Thailand on March 22,1987. The visit lasted until April 2, 1987. The Mission The mission of the delegation was to: • observe the living conditions of the Khmer refugees, • boost the morale of the Khmer refugees, • encourage the struggle for freedom and peace of the Khmer refugees, • support the cooperation between the Khmer People’s National Liberation Armed Forces (KPNLAF) and the Nationalist Sihanoukian Army (ANS) in their effort to liberate Cambodia from the Vietnamese rule, and • educate the Westerners about the refugees’ plight and the Cambodian tragedy. The Program March 23 Orientation meeting with General Sak Sutsakhan, Commander-in-Chief of KPNLAF March 24 Visit of Ampil March 25 Visits of Nam Yin (Baksei), Nong Chan, Samlor, and Dangrek March 26 Visits of O’Bok, and Rithysen March 27 Trip to Surin Dinner reception by Prince Norodom Ranariddh, Commander-in-Chief of ANS March 28 Visit of site B March 29 Visit of Sokh Sann Macrh 30 Meeting with Son Sann, President of Khmer People’s National Liberation Front (KPNLF) The Meeting On March 23, 1987, the delegation had an orientation and information meeting with General Sak Sutsakhan, Commander-in-Chief of KPNLAF.
  • Prince Sihanouk: the Model of Absolute Monarchy in Cambodia 1953-1970

    Prince Sihanouk: the Model of Absolute Monarchy in Cambodia 1953-1970

    Trinity College Trinity College Digital Repository Senior Theses and Projects Student Scholarship Spring 2013 Prince Sihanouk: The Model of Absolute Monarchy in Cambodia 1953-1970 Weena Yong Trinity College, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalrepository.trincoll.edu/theses Part of the Architectural History and Criticism Commons, Asian Art and Architecture Commons, Asian History Commons, Environmental Design Commons, Historic Preservation and Conservation Commons, Military, War, and Peace Commons, National Security Law Commons, South and Southeast Asian Languages and Societies Commons, and the Urban, Community and Regional Planning Commons Recommended Citation Yong, Weena, "Prince Sihanouk: The Model of Absolute Monarchy in Cambodia 1953-1970". Senior Theses, Trinity College, Hartford, CT 2013. Trinity College Digital Repository, https://digitalrepository.trincoll.edu/theses/309 Prince Norodom Sihanouk Prince Norodom The Model of Absolute Monarchy in Cambodia 1953-1970 by Prince Sihanouk: The Model of Absolute Monarchy in Cambodia By Weena Yong Advised by Michael Lestz Janet Bauer Zayde Gordon Antrim A Thesis Submitted to the International Studies Program of Trinity College in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Bachelor of Arts Degree © May 2013 1 For my parents, MiOk Mun and Yong Inn Hoe, My brothers, KeeSing Benjamin and KeeHup Arie, My sister, Lenna XingMei And to all my advisors and friends, Whom have inspired and supported me Every day. 2 Abstract This thesis addresses Prince Sihanouk and the model of absolute monarchy in Cambodia during his ‘golden era.’ What is the legacy bequeathed to his country that emanated from his years as his country’s autocratic leader (1954-1970)? What did he leave behind? My original hypothesis was that Sihanouk was a libertine and ruthless god-king who had immense pride for his country.
  • Sanskrit Words Seen in 27 Khmer Proverbs

    Sanskrit Words Seen in 27 Khmer Proverbs

    SAN SArIN SANSkrIT wOrDS SEEN IN 27 khMEr PrOVErBS a Glance through sanskrit, Proverbs and Khmer cultural context. A proverb would have been considered as an equivalent to a big and thick book. In ancient time a proverb can resume an exhortation, an appeal to reason, a reprimand, a justice, a taking care of love. without speaking of philosophy, a proverb is a popular wisdom. It conveys the first steps of truth, the realistic aspects of things, and in a few words it embodies living voice of humanity. Any civilization through its own language has a collection of proverbs which are capable to hold on the signications facing elaborate philosophy and sophisticated thought. Mankind has created various tools to satisfy the need of all kind. Otherwise, a proverb could be viewed as a tool functioning like a whip made of words. human being lashes a whip against the ground to call upon anyone to a good sense in life as a proverb is the fruit of experiences through generations. A proverb may be considered as a lengthening of human intelligence as well as a tool is an extension of hands. Mankind has laid down a wisdom and a proverb, in its simple expression, is still an evidence through ages. Does one know when a proverb will reach a regression? Facing the prowess of the forthcoming technology, spiritual feeling would have a restricted place as life is more surrounded by bodily needs, by diseases, by a progressive degradation of natural resources and by an ill- working of living framework. Consequently, mankind could have left proverb as well as dead body had been abandoned at a 92 Indologica taurinensia, 36 (2010) secluded place in the forest.