Autour De La Conférence De Genève, 21 Juillet 1954 ជុំវញសន្ិស ីទ្កុង
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Killing Hope U.S
Killing Hope U.S. Military and CIA Interventions Since World War II – Part I William Blum Zed Books London Killing Hope was first published outside of North America by Zed Books Ltd, 7 Cynthia Street, London NI 9JF, UK in 2003. Second impression, 2004 Printed by Gopsons Papers Limited, Noida, India w w w.zedbooks .demon .co .uk Published in South Africa by Spearhead, a division of New Africa Books, PO Box 23408, Claremont 7735 This is a wholly revised, extended and updated edition of a book originally published under the title The CIA: A Forgotten History (Zed Books, 1986) Copyright © William Blum 2003 The right of William Blum to be identified as the author of this work has been asserted by him in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. Cover design by Andrew Corbett ISBN 1 84277 368 2 hb ISBN 1 84277 369 0 pb Spearhead ISBN 0 86486 560 0 pb 2 Contents PART I Introduction 6 1. China 1945 to 1960s: Was Mao Tse-tung just paranoid? 20 2. Italy 1947-1948: Free elections, Hollywood style 27 3. Greece 1947 to early 1950s: From cradle of democracy to client state 33 4. The Philippines 1940s and 1950s: America's oldest colony 38 5. Korea 1945-1953: Was it all that it appeared to be? 44 6. Albania 1949-1953: The proper English spy 54 7. Eastern Europe 1948-1956: Operation Splinter Factor 56 8. Germany 1950s: Everything from juvenile delinquency to terrorism 60 9. Iran 1953: Making it safe for the King of Kings 63 10. -
Speaking in Two Tongues: an Ethnographic Investigation of the Literacy Practices of English As a Foreign Language and Cambodian Young Adult Learners’ Identity
Speaking in Two Tongues: An Ethnographic Investigation of the Literacy Practices of English as a Foreign Language and Cambodian Young Adult Learners’ Identity Soth Sok Student Number: 3829801 College of Education, Victoria University Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Education February 2014 Speaking in Two Tongues: An ethnographic investigation of the literacy practices of English as a foreign language and Cambodian young adult learners’ identity Abstract This study focuses on how the literacy practices in English of young Cambodians shaped their individual and social perception as well as performance of identity. It examines the English language as an increasingly dominant cultural and linguistic presence in Cambodia and endeavours to fill the epistemic gap in what Gee (2008, p. 1) has identified as the ‘other stuff’ of language. This other stuff includes ‘social relations, cultural models, power and politics, perspectives on experience, values and attitudes, as well as things and places in the world’ that are introduced to the local culture through English literacy and practices. Merchant and Carrington (2009, p. 63) have suggested that ‘the very process of becoming literate involves taking up new positions and becoming a different sort of person’. Drawing on the life stories of five participants and my own-lived experiences, the investigation is in part auto-ethnographical. It considers how reading and writing behaviours in English became the ‘constitutive’ components of ‘identity and personhood’ (Street 1994, p. 40). I utilised semi-structured life history interviews with young adult Cambodian participants, who spoke about how their individual and social performance of identity was influenced by their participation in English literacy practices and events in Cambodia. -
Searching for the Truth Issues 17
Searching for the truth. Magazine of Documentation Center of Cambodia Number 17, May 2001 Table of Contents Letter: Memory Exploitation ..................................1 DOCUMENTATION Vann Piny ................................................................2 Genocide Sites in Kampong Cham ..........................7 Speech of Son Sen ..................................................9 Daily Notes of a Khmer Rouge Cadre ...................13 The Shady Role of the Chinese Embassy .............15 HISTORY Voices from S-21 ...................................................20 Victims and Perpetrators ......................................23 Thai Nationals Executed at S-21 ..........................26 Quantifying Crimes Against Humanity .................28 LEGAL Evidence in the Prospective Trials .......................30 Related Crimes, Defenses.......................................33 Crimes Covered by the Draft Law .........................34 Nhem En, a photographer at S-21 PUBLIC DEBATE Copyright © The Khmer Rouge and the Vietnamese .................36 Documentation Center of Cambodia The End of the Revolution ....................................39 50 All rights reserved. Romanticizing the Khmer Rouge Revolution ......41 Licensed by the Ministry of Information of 50 Draft Law on the Establishment of Extra-Ordinary the Royal Government of Cambodia, 50 Chambers ...............................................................44 Prakas No.0291 P.M99 50 August 2, 1999. 100 FAMILY TRACING Photographs by the Documentation Center of 100 An Old -
Sangkum Reastre Niyum of King Norodom Sihanouk 1955-1970
[email protected] The History of Cambodia from 1st Century to 20th Century [10] Sangkum Reastre Niyum of King Norodom Sihanouk 1955-1970 SLK 11/12/2008 Prince Norodom Sihanouk who built so many schools everywhere in Cambodia for his Khmer children to enjoy learning whatever they wanted to, but mostly they learnt only how to irrigate water into the fields. His Khmer children were not allowed to learn any political sciences…. However, his ordinary people seemed to enjoy their lives under his Sangkum Reastre Niyum Regime, even if his country was also completely under siege being already engulfed in wars with the two young-warmongering nations-Siam and Yuon again. And, his people seemed being kept in a dark pond like a frog that knew nothing what was happening during his reign of Sangkum Reastre Niyum? His ordinary Khmer people did not also really know much about any Vietnamese secret agents/Vietcong living in Cambodia during a little dictatorial Sangkum Niyum of his? Why did he become a little dictator who gave a drastic order to his secret police to secretly kill his own Khmer educated men? SLK v.2 [10] Sangkum Reastre Niyum of King Norodom Sihanouk 1955-1970 Absolute Monarchy ABSOLUTE monarchy is an idealized form of government, a monarchy where the ruler has the power to rule his or her country and citizens freely with no laws or legally-organized direct opposition telling him or her what to do, although some religious authority may be able to discourage the monarch from some acts and the sovereign is expected to act according to custom. -
Cambodia: the Politics of Survival (The Shaping of Cambodian Foreign Policy, 1954-1963)
Cambodia: the politics of survival (The shaping of Cambodian foreign policy, 1954-1963) Item Type text; Thesis-Reproduction (electronic) Authors Lasater, Martin L. Publisher The University of Arizona. Rights Copyright © is held by the author. Digital access to this material is made possible by the University Libraries, University of Arizona. Further transmission, reproduction or presentation (such as public display or performance) of protected items is prohibited except with permission of the author. Download date 28/09/2021 20:18:17 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/318561 CAMBODIA: THE POLITICS OF SURVIVAL (THE SHAPING OF CAMBODIAN FOREIGN POLICY, 1954-1963) by Martin L. Lasater A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of the . DEPARTMENT OF ORIENTAL STUDIES In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of MASTER OF ARTS In the Graduate College THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA 1 9 6 9 STATEMENT BY AUTHOR This thesis has been submitted in partial ful fillment of requirements for an advanced degree at The University of Arizona and is deposited in the University Library to be made available to borrowers under rules of the Library. Brief quotations from this thesis are allowable without special permission, provided that accurate ac knowledgment of source is made. Requests for permission for extended quotation from or reproduction of this manu script in whole or in part may be granted by the head of the major department or the Dean of the Graduate College when in his judgment the proposed use of the material is in the interests of scholarship. In all other instances, however, permission must be obtained from the author. -
A Short History of Cambodia.Pdf
Short History of Cambodia 10/3/06 1:57 PM Page i CAMBODIAA SHORT HISTORY OF Short History of Cambodia 10/3/06 1:57 PM Page ii Short History of Asia Series Other books in the series Short History of Bali, Robert Pringle Short History of China and Southeast Asia, Martin Stuart-Fox Short History of Indonesia, Colin Brown Short History of Japan, Curtis Andressen Short History of Laos, Grant Evans Short History of Malaysia, Virginia Matheson Hooker Series Editor Milton Osborne has had an association with the Asian region for over 40 years as an academic, public servant and independent writer. He is the author of many books on Asian topics, including Southeast Asia: An introductory history, first published in 1979 and now in its ninth edition, and The Mekong: Turbulent past, uncertain future, published in 2000. Short History of Cambodia 10/3/06 1:57 PM Page iii A SHORT HISTORY OF CAMBODIA FROM EMPIRE TO SURVIVAL By John Tully Short History of Cambodia 10/3/06 1:57 PM Page iv First published in 2005 by Allen & Unwin Copyright © John Tully 2005 Maps by Ian Faulkner All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or by any information storage and retrieval system, without prior permission in writing from the publisher. The Australian Copyright Act 1968 (the Act) allows a maximum of one chapter or 10 per cent of this book, whichever is the greater, to be photocopied by any educational institution for its educational purposes provided that the educational institution (or body that administers it) has given a remuneration notice to Copyright Agency Limited (CAL) under the Act. -
Considerations on the History of Cambodia Early Stage to the Period
ERN>00498220</ERN> ~~ 16 Considerations on the History of Cambodia From the Early Stage to the Period of Democratic Kampuchea By Khieu Samphan Chapter 5 Democratic Kampuchea As they always say now there are very many problems concerning the Khmer Rouge issue this also makes me very depressed and upset It is true that our country must now face the inheritance of serious grudges and fear as a result of a revolution that changed in unpredictable ways to become the most absolute of revolutions one that caused a profound upheaval of society the likes of which have never before been seen However we should also ponder whether a revolution like the Khmer Rouge revolution that had once broken the greedy ambitions of major and intermediate great powers could have been an act committed by a single person or a small group of people That certainly could not be true Many tens of thousands and hundreds of thousands of people followed this revolution and they did not hesitate to sacrifice their lives for the revolutionary cause So then probably there was something they had been lacking something for a long time something they needed very much in order to live So the question that arises is Why did this revolution occur like that and at that time To me the answer is obvious Revolutions occur after decisive historical events in reaction to historical problems They bring about killing but they arise from previous killing As for the previous killing when we just look at Samlaut we understand General opinion both Cambodian and international says “If it had -
Key Points on the Political History of Cambodia Before 1975
KEY POINTS ON THE POLITICAL HISTORY OF CAMBODIA BEFORE 1975 Donald Jameson, US Foreign Service Officer Retired Legacy of the Past Cambodia has a long tradition of authoritarian rule dating from the time of Angkor and before. In this system the king’s power was in theory absolute. Everything in the kingdom was his property and the word for govern also meant to eat or consume. There was no corresponding notion, as in the West or some other Asian countries, of the king acting as the servant of the people. Absolute power flowed downward onto a powerless population Khmer society under the monarchy was rigidly structured. The population was seen as a collection of subjects subservient to the king. It was divided between those who gave orders and those who paid homage. This was reinforced by the advent of Theravada Buddhism after the fall of Angkor. Buddhism held that those in power had their positions because of merit earned in previous lives. There were no legal restraints on those in power nor peaceful methods for replacing them. When a king died struggles for succession were often fierce and the losers were routinely killed. This reflected a winner take all mentality where compromise was absent and the idea of a loyal opposition did not exist. However, beneath the symbolic aura of absolute power the king’s authority was limited by the rivalry of quasi independent regional officials, high ranking courtiers and members of the royal family. Thus there was constant competition for influence among the king’s entourage, not unlike the behavior of Khmer politicians following independence. -
Huot Sambath
Searching for the truth. Magazine of Documentation Center of Cambodia Number 20, August 2001 Table of Contents Angkar’s Daughter Letter: The Historic Nature of the KR Trial Law ....1 DOCUMENTATION The Standing Committee Meeting ..........................2 Kampuchean Communist Youth League .................5 Statement of Nuon Chea .......................................6 Five Years of the Mapping Project .........................10 Master Genocide Site Data ....................................11 Huot Sambath ........................................................13 Sentimental Expression ..........................................17 HISTORY Voices from S-21....................................................19 Begrudgement, Reconciliation ...............................25 LEGAL Principle Crimes Under Pre-1975 Law ..................31 Evidence in the Prospective Trials ........................33 PUBLIC DEBATE The Khmer Rouge and the Vietnamese..................35 Copyright © Seven Candidates for Prosecution .........................38 Documentation Center of Cambodia 50 Bringing the Khmer Rouge to Justice ....................39 All rights reserved. Licensed by the Ministry of Information of 50 How the Khmer Rouge Tribunal Was Agreed .......42 the Royal Government of Cambodia, 50 Prakas No.0291 P.M99 50 FAMILY TRACING August 2, 1999. 100 Dream or Reality ...................................................47 Photographs by the Documentation Center of 100 Letter from Readers ..............................................48 Cambodia and Tuol -
Cambodia Under King Sihanouk, 1954-70
Russell R. Ross (1987): Cambodia: A Country Study The Library of Congress, Washington Text Only: Retrieved 17th July 2012 from: http://countrystudies.us/cambodia/ CAMBODIA UNDER KING SIHANOUK, 1954-70 Sihanouk continues to be one of the most controversial figures in Southeast Asia's turbulent, and often tragic, post-war history. Admirers view him as one of the country's great patriots, whose insistence on strict neutrality kept Cambodia out of the maelstrom of war and out of the revolution in neighbouring Vietnam for more than fifteen years before he was betrayed by his close associate, Lon Nol. Critics attack him for his vanity, eccentricities, and intolerance of any political views different from his own. One such critic, Michael Vickery, asserts that beneath the neutralist rhetoric Sihanouk presided over a regime that was oppressively reactionary and, in some instances, as violent in its suppression of political opposition as the Khmer Rouge. According to Vickery, the royal armed forces under Lon Nol slaughtered women and children in pro-Khmer Issarak regions of Battambang in 1954 using methods that were later to become routine under Pol Pot. Another critical observer, Milton E. Osborne, writing as an Australian expatriate in Phnom Penh during the late 1960s, describes the Sihanouk years in terms of unbridled greed and corruption, of a foreign policy inspired more by opportunism than by the desire to preserve national independence, of an economy and a political system that were rapidly coming apart, and of the prince's obsession with making outrageously mediocre films--one of which starred himself and his wife, Princess Monique. -
Politics and Power in Cambodia the Sihanouk Years by Milton Osborne (Z-Lib.Org).Pdf
L STUDIES IN CONTEMPORARY SOUTHEAST ASIA POLITICS AND POWER l i IN CAMBODIA The Sihanouk Years MILTON OSBORNE 'I act according to my conscience which is absolutely clear. Let those who disapprove of me come and take my place or do away with me.' 7 April 1967 Prince Norodom Sihanouk > > 1 LONGMAN Longman Australia Pty Limited Camberwell Victoria Australia Associated companies, branches, and representatives throughout the world. Copyright © 1973 Longman Australia This book is copyright. Apart from any.fair dealing for the purposes of private study, research, criticism, or review as permitted under the Copyright Act, no part may be reproduced by any process without written permission. Enquiries should be made to the publishers. First published 1973 ISBN 0 582 71040 5 (Cased) ISBN 0 582 71041 3 (Limp) Typeset by The Universities Press Pty .Ltd Printed in Hong Kong by Dai Nippon Printing Co., ( Hong Kong) Ltd .r _'- '51- 4_. _u . r | H 4 .'* .r - u | I CONTENTS Preface vii 1 The Problem 1 2 The Traditional Background 12 3 The Years of Colonial Calm 24 4 Sihanouk's Growth to Political Maturity 38 5 The Sangkum Solution 55 6 Portrait of a Prince 70 '7 From Hope to Stagnation, 1960 to 1966 82 8 Towards the Abyss 96 9 Exit a Prince 108 Bibliography 118 Index 119 THAILAND * .* -.I . I l 1 . l ,. I . l . |- 6uoy9w _F x~ '-*,;1 I '°.. I 3; ! ..#-.l A r- \_ l 4 . > \_ 4 1 M O ..11 nos "* U) 1'.. .. l*H**.l3*0 - PREFACE When Prince Norodom Sihanouk was turned out of office in March 1970 this largely unexpected event gave sudden emphasis to the need for further study of Cambodia's internal politics. -
Abstract Son Ngoc Thanh, the United States, and The
ABSTRACT SON NGOC THANH, THE UNITED STATES, AND THE TRANSFORMATION OF CAMBODIA Matthew Jagel, PhD Department of History Northern Illinois University, 2015 Kenton Clymer, Director The Khmer Rouge period of Cambodia’s history is one of the most scrutinized in studies of modern Southeast Asia. What has yet to be examined in sufficient detail is the period leading up to Democratic Kampuchea and the key players of that era, aside from Cambodia’s King (later Prince) Norodom Sihanouk. The story of Son Ngoc Thanh, one of Cambodia’s modern heroes, has yet to be told in detail, and will be a goal of this project. This is not a traditional biography, but instead a study of how Cambodian nationalism grew during the twilight of French colonialism and faced new geopolitical challenges during the Cold War. Throughout Son Ngoc Thanh is the centerpiece. Following a brief stint as Prime Minister under the Japanese, Son Ngoc Thanh’s influence pushed Sihanouk toward a hard-line stance with respect to independence from France, resulting in a free Cambodia by 1953. Throughout the 1950s and 1960s, Thanh and his group the Khmer Serei (Free Cambodia) exacerbated tensions between Cambodia and its Thai and South Vietnamese neighbors as he attempted to overthrow the Sihanouk government. Thanh also had connections to both American Special Forces and the CIA in South Vietnam. He was involved with the coup to unseat Sihanouk in 1970, and returned to the new Khmer Republic government later that year, only to be pushed out by 1972. NORTHERN ILLINOIS UNIVERSITY DEKALB, ILLINOIS MAY 2015 SON NGOC THANH, THE UNITED STATES, AND THE TRANSFORMATION OF CAMBODIA BY MATTHEW JAGEL ©2015 Matthew Jagel A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY Doctoral Director: Kenton Clymer ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS.