The Contribution of Students' Speaking Learning Strategies and Motivation Toward Their Speaking Skill at Stain Batusangkar
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1 THE CONTRIBUTION OF STUDENTS’ SPEAKING LEARNING STRATEGIES AND MOTIVATION TOWARD THEIR SPEAKING SKILL AT STAIN BATUSANGKAR THESIS By R I D I A N T O NIM: 19318 Submitted to Fulfill One of the Requirements to Get Master Degree in Education ENGLISH EDUCATION SECTION LANGUAGE EDUCATION PROGRAM GRADUATE PROGRAM STATE UNIVERSITY OF PADANG 2013 2 ABSTRAK Ridianto. 2012. Kontribusi Strategi Belajar Berbicara dan Motivasi Mahasiswa terhadap Keterampilan Berbicara di STAIN Batusangkar. Tesis. Program Pasca Sarjana Universitas Negeri Padang. Penelitian ini berawal dari minimnya aplikasi strategi belajar berbicara mahasiswa yang telah mereka pelajari dan rendahnya motivasi dalam berbicara bahasa Inggris. Hal ini terlihat dalam berbicara, sebahagian dari mahasiswa masih ada yang yang tidak mau berbicara bahasa Inggris. Mereka hanya berbicara jika ditanya saja. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sumbangan strategi belajar berbicara dan motivasi terhadap keterampilan berbicara pada mahasiswa Tadris Bahasa Inggris STAIN Batusangkar. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian korelasi. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa semester VI Jurusan Tarbiyah, Program Studi Tadris Bahasa Inggris (TBI) STAIN Batusangkar tahun akademik 2011/2012, yang berjumlah 80 orang. Sampel penelitian diambil sebanyak 62 orang mahasiswa dengan menggunakan teknik Stratified Proportional Random Sampling berdasarkan pendapat Isaac and Michael dalam buku Sugiyono. Data penelitian dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan angket untuk variabel strategi belajar berbicara dan motivasi, dan tes untuk variabel keterampilan berbicara. Seluruh data penelitian dianalisis dengan menggunakan program SPSS versi 16. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa:1) strategi belajar berbicara memberikan sumbagan sebesar 41.6 % terhadap keterampilan berbicara dan sumbangan efektif sebesar 45.66%, 2) motivasi berbicara memberikan sumbangan sebesar 19.9 % terhadap keterampilan berbicara dan sumbangan efektif sebesar 21.84%, dan 3) sumbangan strategi belajar berbicara dan motivasi secara bersama-sama memberikan sumbangan terhadap keterampilan berbicara bahasa Inggris sebesar 45.6% dan sumbangan efektif sebesar 67.5%. Ini berarti bahwa 54.4% keterampilan berbicara mereka dipengaruhi oleh faktor-faktor lain seperti sikap, percaya diri, IQ dan lain sebagainya Berdasarkan temuan diatas dapat disimpulkan bahwa strategi belajar berbicara dan motivasi mahasiswa memberikan sumbangan terhadap keterampilan berbicara bahasa Inggris pada mahasiswa semester VI STAIN Batusangkar. ii 3 ABSTRACT Ridianto, 2012. The Contribution of Students’ Speaking Learning Strategies and Motivation toward Their Speaking Skill at STAIN Batusangkar. Thesis. Graduated Program. State University of Padang. The research problem was lack of the application of students‘ speaking learning strategies that have learned and low of their motivation in speaking English. It can be shown in speaking, most of the students are unwilling to speak English, and they will speak up when they are asked to. This research was aimed to find and describe the contribution of students‘ speaking learning strategies and motivation toward their speaking skill of English Department of STAIN Batusangkar. This research was a correlational design. The populations of this research were 80 students at Semester VI of the English Department of STAIN Batusangkar registered in 2011/2012 academic year. The sample of this research was 62 students who were taken by using Stratified Proportional Random Sampling Technique based on the Isaac and Michael opinions in Sugiyono. The data were collected by using questionnaires for students‘ speaking learning strategies and motivation, and test for their speaking skill. All data were analyzed by using SPSS version 16.0 for windows. Research finding showed (1) the contribution of students‘ speaking learning strategies was 41.6% toward their speaking skill and effective contribution was 45.66%, (2) the contribution of students‘ speaking motivation toward their speaking skill was 19.9% and effective contribution was 21.84%, and (3) the contribution of both students‘ speaking learning strategies and motivation altogether toward their speaking skill were 45.6% and effective contribution were 67.5%. It means that 54.4% of students‘ speaking skills were affected by other factors such as attitude, self-confidence, IQ and many others Based on the finding of the research, it can be concluded that students‘ speaking learning strategies and motivation contributed significantly toward their speaking skill at semester VI of STAIN Batusangkar. iii 7 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to thank all of those who have contributed in different ways to my thesis. Therefore, in this occasion, I would like to sincerely thank my advisors, Prof. Drs. Zainil, M.A, Ph.D. and. Dr. Hamzah, M.A, M.M, who have given a great deal of continuous guidance, valuable advice, meaningful contributions, time and help in completing this thesis. I would also like to thank my contributors and examiners, Prof. Dr. Anas Yasin, Dr. Hj. Desmawati Radjab, M. Pd. and Dr. Ridwan, M.Sc, Ed, who provided comments, contribution, and constructive feedback for the betterment of this thesis. Then, I would like to thank Prof. Dr. Hasan Zaini, M.A, as the Rector of STAIN Batusangkar and all staffs who have permitted and facilitated me in conducting the research. I would also like to thank to the lecturers of Speaking V who kept in touch and contributed helpful effort in doing the research in their classrooms. Also, I would like to thank to all of the VI semester students of the English Department of STAIN Batusangkar. Finally, to all my friends, thank you for your understanding and encouragement in my many, many moments of crisis. Your friendship makes my life a wonderful experience. I cannot list all the names here, but you are always on my mind. Padang, Januari 2013 The Researcher vii 8 DEDICATION This thesis is dedicated to my dearly beloved mother (Marnis) and father (Syamsuli), who have always helped me with their precious time, big effort and uncounted, continuous prayers for me success in my study, my father-in-law (Adjis. R), my mother in law (Zahadar. S), all my brother and sister, all my brothers-and sisters-in-law who have sent their uncounted, continuous for my success in completing my study. Furthermore, to my dearly beloved wife (Leni Ayu Pebrian, SE) and daughter (Aqila Mufida Ramadhani) who have patiently supported, motivated and prayed, and sacrificed their time and effort for me so that I always have spirit, motivation, and energy to face any handicaps that can hinder me from the completion of the thesis. Finally, this thesis is dedicated to all those who believe in the richness of learning. viii 9 TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRAK .......................................................... ii ABSTARCT …………………………………….. iii PERSETUJUAN AKHIR TESIS …………………………………….. iv PERSETUJUAN KOMISI …………………………………….. v SURAT PERNYATAAN …………………………………….. vi ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ……………………………………. vii DEDICATION ……………………………………. viii TABLE OF CONTENTS ……………………………………. ix LIST OF TABLE ……………………………………. xiii LIST OF FIGURE ……………………………………. xv LIST OF APPENDICES ……………………………………. xvi CHAPTER I : INTRODUCTION A. Background of the Problem …………………… 1 B. Identification of the Problem …………………… 6 C. Limitation of the Problem …………………… 7 D. Formulation of the Problem …………………… 7 E. Purpose of the Research …………………… 8 F. Significance of the Research …………………… 8 G. Definition of the Key Terms …………………… 9 CHAPTER II : REVIEW OF THE RELATED LITERATURE A. Review of the Related Theories ……….. 11 1. Students‘ Learning Strategies ……….. 11 a. Definition ……….. 11 b. Learning Strategies for Speaking ……….. 14 c. Indicators of Students‘ Speaking Learning Strategies ……….. 20 2. Students‘ Speaking Motivation ……….. 22 a. Definition ……….. 22 b. Types of Motivation ……….. 24 ix 10 c. The Importance of Motivation in Learning English ……….. 27 d. Indicators of Students‘ Speaking Motivation ……….. 28 3. Students‘ Speaking Skill ……….. 30 a. Definition ……….. 30 b. Factors Affecting EFL Learners‘ Speaking Skill ……….. 32 c. Types of Speaking at English Department of STAIN Batusangkar ……….. 33 d. Indicators of Speaking Skill ……….. 34 e. Testing Speaking ……….. 36 1. Techniques of Testing Speaking ……….. 36 2. Scoring Criteria of Speaking Test ……….. 37 B. Review of the Related Findings ……….. 42 C. Conceptual Framework ……….. 44 D. Hypothesis ……….. 46 CHAPTER III : METHOD OF THE RESEARCH A. Design of the Research ……...... 48 B. Population and Sample ……….. 49 C. Procedure of the Research ……….. 50 D. Instrumentation ……….. 51 1. Types of Instrument ……….. 51 2. Indicators, Arrangement of Instruments, and Scoring ……….. 53 E. Trying Out Instruments ……….. 61 F. Technique of Collecting Data ……….. 64 G. Technique of Analyzing Data ……….. 65 CHAPTER IV : FINDING AND DISCUSSION A. Data Description ……...... 68 x 11 1. The Description of Students‘ Speaking Learning Strategies ……….. 69 2. The Description of Students‘ Speaking Motivation ……….. 71 3. The Description of Students‘ Speaking Skill ……….. 72 B. Testing of Requirement of Data Analysis ……….. 74 1. Inferential Statistic ……….. 74 a. Testing Normality ……….. 74 b. Testing Homogeneity ……….. 75 c. Testing Linearity ……….. 75 d. Testing Independency Variables ……….. 78 e. Testing Multicolinearity ……….. 78 f. Testing ANOVA ……….. 78 2. Calculating Coefficient Correlation ……….. 79 C. Hypothesis Testing ……….. 83 1. The Contribution of Students‘ Speaking Learning Strategies toward Their Speaking Skill ……….. 84 2. The Contribution of