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Home , Pyin Oo Lwin, Salin Township, Wundwin, Yamethin Township

CURRENT FMD LABORATORY ACTIVITIES IN []

SEACFMD Labnet Meeting Pakchong, Thailand November 4-5, 2019 OUTLINE results

Constraints Constraints and possible solution Future Plans Quality Quality assurance FMD research activities and achievements Post vaccination monitoring activities and FMD diagnosis, laboratory including virus serotyping and genotyping report FMD FMD situation

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▪ OUTLINE CURRENT FMD SITUATION FMD CURRENT FMD Situation

Myanmar is FMD endemic country. • Serotype O (Mya98): Predominant Strain - O/Ind-2001d: in 2015 in Maung Taw township, Rakhine State and widely spread in 2017 • Serotype A/SEA-97 - in 1999 in Tanintharyi Region - in 2010 in Rakhine State - in 2015 in Region • Serotype Asia1 - in 2005 in Kayah State and - in 2017 in Rakhine State CURRENT FMD SITUATION “O” “O” “O” “O” “O” “O” “O” “O” “O” Result - Untyped Untyped Untyped Type Type Type Type Type Type Type Type Type Myanmar Lab Lab 1 1 4 8 1 4 2 1 1 1 2 47 21 Villages Affected Affected 2018) Lwin bin Oo Townships 12 NyaungU Yamethin Kawa YeU Yinmar Ramree Pyin Nyaunglebin Muse Thazi Kyauktaw States/ Regions 6 Magway Bago Sagaing Mandalay Mandalay Bago Shan Rakhine

Month Nov 18 Nov Oct 18 Oct Sept 18 Sept May 18 May FMD SITUATION SITUATION FMD ( CURRENT FMD SITUATION “O” “O” “O” “O” “O” “O” “O” “O” Result – Type Type Type Type Type Type Type Type Myanmar Lab Lab 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 4 12 Villages Affected Affected 2019) U - U Townships - Khin Ye Magway 8 Kanbalu Myitkyina Salin Wuntho States/ Regions Total Sagaing Magway Sagaing Sagaing Kachin Magway Magway Sagaing

2019 Month

Oct Oct 2019 Oct Oct 2019 Oct 2019 Oct Sept 2019 Sept July 2019 July July 2019 July Jan 2019 Jan FMD SITUATION SITUATION FMD ( LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS 3 24 12 No virus detected - - 4 Asia 1 Asia No. of No. serotype - - - poor quality of quality poor – No. of No. viruses serotype A serotype 36 20 26 No. of No. viruses serotype O serotype 43 44 38 lab submitted submitted to national No. samples samples No. sample No virus detected samples virus detected No •

Year

2019 2018

2017 FMD Virus characterization genotyping) and (serotyping characterization Virus FMD LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS - 1 Asia 1 Asia - - 97 - A/ SEA 6 1 * * 11 O/Ind2001e O/Ind2001d * - - O/ Cathay - - / O PanAsia 1 3 4 98 - O/ Mya 15 32 20

APQA)

to (Japan/ No. of No. samples samples RRL/WRL submitted submitted

FMD Virus characterization genotyping) and (serotyping characterization Virus FMD

Year 2019

2018 2017 Outbreak Investigation (2018)

FMD Outbreak Investigations in 2018 1. Township 2.Nyaung U Township 3. 4.YeU Township

❖ FMD outbreaks occurred in 12 townships, Affecting 2959 animals in Bago, Magway, Mandalay, Rakhine, Sagaing and Shan Regions Outbreak Investigation (2019)

1.Kantnalu 2.Khin U 3.Wet let 4.Ye U Township 5.Salin Township

❖ FMD outbreaks occurred in 8 townships, in Magway, Sagaing Regions and Kachin State. POST VACCINATION MONITORING Vaccinated animal 1) - 338,000 R4(May 2018) campaign was was campaign 365913 : R3(November 2017) Vaccination Round Vaccination 273,649 R2(June 2017) Myanmar Vaccination Campaign Vaccination Myanmar round vaccination round 4 323,873 R1(May 2017) townships 0 2018, 2018, 50,000 - 350,000 300,000 250,000 200,000 150,000 100,000 400,000

in the 24 the 24 in

LBVD FMD Myanmar Control Project LBVD Control FMD Myanmar PVM was conducted in August 2018 (Type O, A and Asia and O, (Type A 2018 August in conducted was PVM

-

PVM was conducted in 2017 (Type O and A) (Type O and 2017 in PVM conducted was

completed

nd

st PVM activities findings and

2 1

Between May 2017 OIE POST VACCINATION MONITORING target areas areas target

target villages villages target - the level of immunityherd the level

monitor the occurrence of FMD and and FMD of occurrence the monitor

6 townships in Mandalay in 6 townships 4 townships in Sagaing region Sagaing in 4 townships

To confirm the vaccines are effective are the vaccines confirm To village and township level in level township and village the targeted villages villages targeted the coverage of vaccination evaluate To achieved through annual vaccination in in vaccination annual through achieved target and non and target measure To evidence of circulating field virus in virus field of circulating evidence To PVM activities findings and

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Study Study Area:

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❖ Purpose of Study: Purpose POST VACCINATION MONITORING - of exposure) of of exposure) of yrs yr

36 months (~ 2 months 36

- 18 months (~ 1 months 18

-

1 19 months > 36

• • •

3 villages 3 villages (vaccinated) and 3 villages (non Methodology

categories: Sampling across 3 age age 3 across Sampling blood samples = 900 blood 10 townships x 6 villages x 15 x 15 villages x 6 townships 10 15 blood samples/village 10 were townships selected among 24 townships

PVM activities findings and

- -

vaccinated)/township 1. Random 1. Random Sampling POST VACCINATION MONITORING 1 of 1 - positive) – positive) - 1.9 ≥ 50% titre titre vaccinated) were tested by NSP NSP by were tested vaccinated) - results: Log10 results: interpretation of interpretation

450 samples (vaccinated) were tested by LPB ELISA (Type O, A andO, LPBwere ELISA (Type by tested (vaccinated) samples 450 Total of 900 samples (vaccinated & non samples (vaccinated 900of Total

Village/Township Level at 95% ConfidenceInterval 95% Level at Village/Township Measure the NSP antibody level by age age categories by level antibody NSP Measure the Asia A and O, of Serotype Immunity Protective Measure the Calculation of Vaccination Coverage Coverage >90%)(Expected: of Vaccination Calculation

Asia1) (The Asia1) ELISA (The interpretation of results: Pl value ≥ value Pl of results: interpretation ELISA (The

PVM activities findings and ❖ ❖ ❖ 3. Data Analysis 3.

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2. Laboratory Testing Laboratory 2. Methodology Summary of PVM 2018 outcomes

Indicator Target Myanmar Vaccinated Non- Vaccinated Number of villages sampled 30 30 30 Number of animals sampled 450 450 450 Age 1-18 months 150 113 104 Age 19-36 months 150 168 178 Age >36 months 150 169 168 Vaccination coverage (% animals) >90% 96% - 2018 NSP prevalence 25% 22% Age 1-18 months <10% 13% 14% Age 19-36 months <20% 23% 16% Age >36 months <40% 35% 34% POST VACCINATION MONITORING VACCINATION POST Measure of NSP Antibody Level in Vaccinated Villages (High Risk), Non-Vaccinated Villages (Low Risk) and BaseLlne Survey

NSP Prevalence • 25% (112/450) Sera 40% positive in 35% 35% 34% Vaccinated villages 32.30% (High risk) 30% 26.50%

25% 23% • 22% (100/450) Sera 21.30% Vaccinated (High risk) positive in Non- 20% Non-vaccinated (Low risk) vaccinated villages 16% 14% Baseline survey (Low risk) 15% 13%

10% • 29% (1162/4075) sera positive in 5%

Baseline survey 0% 1-18 monts 19-36 months >36 months Summary of PVM 2018 outcomes (Con;)

Indicator Myanmar

Serotype Serotype Serotype O A Asia1

Protective prevalence LPB ELISA 67% 71% 81% One time-vaccinated/NSP-negative 30% 40% 53% One time-vaccinated/NSP-positive 67% 67% 100% Two time-vaccinated/NSP-negative 65% 70% 81% Two time-vaccinated/NSP-positive 87% 87% 93% Protective Immunity Level of Serotype O, A and Asia-1 MONITORING VACCINATION POST

Protective Immunity 90% 81% 80% 71% 70% 67% 60% 50% Serotype O 40% Serotype A 30% Serotype Asia1 20% 10% 0% Serotype O Serotype A Serotype Asia1 Comparison of Protective Immunity Level in One time and Two time vaccination

Protective Immunity of One Time and Two Time Vaccination

90% 84%

80% 74% 71% 70% 59% 60%

50% 41% 2018 Vaccination Only 40% 2017 and 2018 Vaccination 30% 30%

20%

10%

0% Serotype O Serotype A Aerotype Asia1 Summary of PVM 2018 outcomes (Con;)

Indicator Myanmar

Serotype Serotype Serotype O A Asia1

non-vaccinated/NSP-negative 38% 50% 50% non-vaccinated/NSP-positive 50% 50% 50% *vaccinated/NSP-negative 62% 67% 78% *vaccinated/NSP-positive 86% 86% 93% * Vaccinated at least once Township level Protective Immunity of Serotype MONITORING VACCINATION POST O,A and Asia-1 (95% C.I)

120%

100%

80%

%O 60% %A %Asia1

40%

20%

0% TadaU Ngazun Ayadaw Sagaing Nyaung U Monywa Wetlet Village level Protective Immunity of Serotype O,A MONITORING VACCINATION POST and Asia-1 (95% C.I)

120%

100%

80%

60% O% A% 40% Asia1%

20%

0%

Lae Thar Lae

KyeePin

ThinPyo

Lin Ta Lu

DwayHla

Pyawbwe

KanChaw

LeikKhwe

KanPaunt

DaungMa BokeKone

-20% NgweTwin

Lel GyiLel Thar

TeGyi Kone

Ta DarTaU Lay

MaGyi Kone

PyiTaw Thar

WetLet Ywei

Tha Tha LonPhyu

Tha Tha PyayTaw

AhHtet Nyint

Tha Tha HpanKan

Tha Tha PyayThar

YwarThit Kone

NyaungPin Tae

TaungHpet Tan

NaungPinKone

TaungYeik Thar

ShwePan Kone HnawPin (South) Conclusion MONITORING VACCINATION POST ❖ Vaccination Coverage was 96% (Target:> 90%) ❖ NSP Prevalence in Vaccinated villages (High risk) is slightly higher than the Non-vaccinated villages (Low risk) ❖ Endemic level after vaccination (13% Vac, 14% non-vac) less than before vaccination (observed in <18 M calves) ❖ Vaccine derived antibody was higher than natural exposure (O:38% vs62% , A: 50 vs 67%, Asia1: 50% vs 78%) ❖ Protective immunity of O, A and Asia1 in two time vaccination is significantly higher than the one time vaccination ❖ Target herd immunity for both O, A and Asia-1 was achieved by almost 80% of vaccinated villages QUALITY ASSURANCE conducted by RRL by conducted PCR, Antigen, NSP , Virus , Virus NSP Antigen, PCR, - ) ) ( Supervised ( ) Quality Control (IQC Control Quality

uarantineSouthfrom Agency Korea. 2013,2015,2017) Equipment maintenanceand Calibration QC chart for ELISA (Control ) for (ControlELISA chart QC Excelsheetsand progressive for monitoring

( Participation in proficiency testing in proficiency Participation

External Quality Control (EQC Control Quality External Internal Isolation and LP ELISA by Experts from Animal and Plant and Plant Animal from by Experts ELISA LP and Isolation Q Development of SOP ( V2) for RT for V2) ( SOP Development of - calculating for all tests for all calculating - - by MPI)

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❖ Quality Quality assurance CONSTRAINS AND SOLUTIONS to support veterinarian veterinarian to reporting reporting system molecular molecular methods and surveillance Request to government more budget Request to Developing partners Meeting with local collect more FMD outbreak samples and submit National FMD to Lab Improve staffskill Apply Strengthen official Possible solutions Possible • • • • • • of FMD of FMD Sample submission

Reporting Reporting and Sharing information Poor Quality Poor Sample Reagents and chemicals activities Constrains in FMD Lab/Research Lab/Research in FMD Constrains Constrains Constrains and solutions FUTURE PLANS , National National FMD areas BSL2 FMD diagnostic Laboratory Laboratory 2024) - Naypyitaw : The Project for Improvement of Foot and FMD Laboratory, system for FMD epidemics is strengthened in

LBVD Project LBVD -

pilot sites pilot & Networking among the institutions Output 3: Output Strengthened Vet Services the in survey Output 2: Rapid diagnosis & Epidemiological & 2: Epidemiological diagnosis Output Rapid Output 1 : Mass Production 1 : Production Mass Output of FMD Vaccine Regional Veterinary Regional Veterinary Diagnostic Yangon Yangon Project Project sites: Laboratory Laboratory in the in Project pilot sites Yangon and in Control Control Project Project Purpose : Mouth Disease Disease Mouth Control (2019 JICA Future Future research plans FUTURE PLANS FUTURE Future research plans

FMD Active Surveillance and Questionnaire activities Objectives: To understand FMD prevalence, distribution, risk and economic impact at target townships Study Area : Magway Naypyitaw Sagaing Rakhine Tanintharyi Kayin FUTURE PLANS 2020) - SURVEILLANCE SURVEILLANCE Training Project (2016 Project by LPB ELISA LPB by round Vaccination Campaign round Vaccination

LBVD Myanmar FMD Control LBVD Control Myanmar FMD

PVM study testing testing study PVM - Farmer/Trader FMD Awareness FMD Farmer/Trader 7th

• • • virus circulation virus Increase follow up outbreak investigation to understand to understand investigation outbreak up Increase follow AND DIAGNOSIS DEVELOPMENT OF FOOT AND MOUTH DISEASE DISEASE IN MOUTH AND FOOT OF DEVELOPMENT DIAGNOSIS AND MYANMAR) Cooperate with KOICA for technical exchange ( for technical KOICA Cooperate with Mouth Control Myanmar with OIE and LBVD OIE and with MyanmarControl Mouth Revising the National Strategy Framework on Foot and and Foot on Frameworkthe Strategy National Revising

OIE

Future Future research plans

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❖ ❖ Thank you for your Attention!