Sharing a Balanced Vision for SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT in Northern Quebec Photo : Valérie Courtois
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Hosted by The Boreal Leadership Council BOREAL LEADERSHIP COUNCIL Montréal,QC CONSEIL PRINCIPAL de la FORÊT Centre for Sustainable Development BORÉALE 27 October, 2014 sharing a balanced vision for SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT in northern Quebec photo : Valérie Courtois : Valérie photo Forum Plan Nord Report www.borealcouncil.ca | www.conseilforetboreale.ca BOREAL The Boreal Leadership Council LEADERSHIP COUNCIL The Boreal Leadership Council is comprised of leading Aboriginal organizations, resource companies, conservation CONSEIL PRINCIPAL groups and financial institutions, all of which are committed to a vision of a sustainable future forCanada’s Boreal de la FORÊT BORÉALE region. The BLC hosted this forum in Montreal to meet leaders from various sectors in Quebec and discuss the issues and opportunities for working together towards a balanced approach to conservation and development in Northern Quebec. About this report: This report outlines the objectives and agenda of the Plan Nord Forum and summarizes the presentations of the invited speakers by highlighting key points of each presentation and ensuing discussion. Links to full powerpoint presentations, or text of the respective talks, are included as available. Notes from the plenary discussion provide an overview of issues and concerns raised in the presentations. Concluding remarks by the Chair of the BLC, Bob Walker, point to key themes uncovered during the proceedings and the potential for positive exchange and respect moving forward. Contents Objectives of the Forum ........................................................................................................... 3 Agenda ................................................................................................................................... 3 Presenters: Environment ...................................................................................................................... 4 Aboriginal ......................................................................................................................... 6 Mining ............................................................................................................................... 7 Forestry............................................................................................................................. 8 Government ...................................................................................................................... 10 Plenary Discussion ................................................................................................................... 12 Concluding Remarks ................................................................................................................ 15 Courtois : Valérie photo At the Reception ...................................................................................................................... 17 ADDENDUM to the Report ....................................................................................................... 18 Photo Gallery .......................................................................................................................... 19 List of Registrants .................................................................................................................... 21 Forum Plan Nord – Sharing a Balanced Vision | 2 BOREAL LEADERSHIP Objectives of the Forum COUNCIL CONSEIL PRINCIPAL de la FORÊT • Raise awareness of the boreal forest and in the Boreal Forest Conservation BORÉALE Framework vision for balancing conservation and responsible development activities in the context of Aboriginal community participation • Facilitate a stakeholder conversation on challenges and opportunities for achieving this balanced vision through initiatives like Plan Nord • Advance support and innovation among the decision-makers related to Plan Nord (governments and industries) Agenda 13:15 The Ecology of the Boreal Forest and Benefits of Conservation 13:45 Approaches and Priorities for Land Use and Planning in Northern Quebec from the Perspective of the Quebec Aboriginal Community 14:15 Challenges and Benefits of Integrated Land Use Planning Initiatives like Plan Nord from the perspective of the Mining and Forestry Industries Break 15:15 Presentation from the Government of Quebec on their Vision of Balanced/ photos : Valérie Courtois Sustainable Development in the North 15:45 Plenary Discussion: Moderator Takes Written Questions and Questions from the Floor 16:30 Concluding Remarks: Summary and Key Findings Reception Forum Plan Nord – Sharing a Balanced Vision | 3 Environment Presentation on the ecology of the Canadian & International boreal forest and benefits of conservation Nikita Lopoukhine President Emeritus of the IUCN World Commission on Protected Areas [www.borealcouncil.ca/fpndocs/Global-Boreal-Forest-NL-ENG-small.pdf] [www.borealcouncil.ca/fpndocs/Global-Boreal-Forest-NL-FRE-Final-small.pdf] IUCN definition of a protected area: “A clearly defined geographical space, recognized, dedicated and managed, through legal or other effective means, to achieve the long term conservation of nature with associated ecosystem services and cultural values.” Recommendations • 50% of boreal must remain free of large-scale industrial disturbance – clarify what this means • Where industrial activities are permitted these should be carried out with the highest sustainability standards and emulating natural processes and patterns • Protected areas and industrial activities to proceed only with the free, prior, and informed consent of affected Aboriginal communities The circumpolar range of the boreal forest. From Hare and Ritchie (1972). (Map courtesy BOREAS project.) Forum Plan Nord – Sharing a Balanced Vision | 4 Environment (continued) ................................................................. Boreal Facts • 600+ First Nations communities in the Boreal • 14% of Canada’s population calls the Boreal home • Recreation-related activities valued at $4 billion • One in sixteen Canadians work in the forestry sector, which generates over $40 billion in exports annually • ½ of Canada’s annual wood harvest or $200M in annual government payments • 30+% North America’s bird population relies on the Boreal for breeding • 325 bird species depend on Boreal shelter during their lives • 26M ducks and waterfowl nest and breed each year • 30% covered by wetlands with some 1.5 million lakes – 80+% of world’s liquid freshwater • The largest terrestrial carbon “bank account” on the planet – 26 years’ of • Fire (fire cycle is getting longer – over 150 years) world’s GGE • Releases valuable nutrients stored in the litter on the forest floor • Ecosystem services are worth 2.5 times more than the value of extracting resources • Opens the forest canopy to sunlight • Only 10% of Canada’s Boreal is currently protected by governments; • Opens cones and frees seeds of jack pine only 6% is permanently protected • Insects • Woodland caribou, a good indicator of ecosystem’s health, is in • Release nutrients precipitous decline • Eliminate sick and aging trees • Climate Change is likely to cause major losses of habitat critical to the • Diseases speed up the mortality of weak and over-mature trees and caribou’s long-term survival break down dead plant material, recycling nutrients and organic matter • Natural disturbances are essential to the productivity and renewal of • Wind and ice storms forests in the boreal zone and increasing biodiversity • Natural disturbances have economic consequences for forest-dependent communities and the forest industry Forum Plan Nord – Sharing a Balanced Vision | 5 Aboriginal Presentation from Quebec First Nations on approaches and priorities for land use and planning in northern Quebec Jean-Charles Piétacho Chief of Ekuanitshit and member of the Council of the Innu Nation [www.borealcouncil.ca/fpndocs/Presentation-Chief-Pietacho-ENG.pdf] [www.borealcouncil.ca/fpndocs/Presentation-Chef-Pietacho-FRE.pdf] I think that one of the important points that was made earlier in the day is Highlights from the Chief’s Talk an issue that is fundamental to me in speaking about natural cycles versus For many years, the Innu Nation worked hard on the reunification of the economic ones. We’re going to have to reach a balance between economic Nation. And a young chief arrived not long ago at Uashat-Maliotenam and his opportunities and protection of our way of life, on Nitassinan*, because that is first action as leader was to propose a meeting of the Innu Nation, of the heads our approach to territorial planning. Often I have said, and I repeat: we are not of the nine communities in Quebec. Since then we have worked very hard with against development, but it is the way in which the development is done. other leaders so that we can once again stand together regarding the projects In relation to the Plan Nord, there is talk of co-management in the protection which are going to occur in our communities and close to our communities. of historical sites, heritage and sacred areas, and development of the area. I have real confidence with what we are doing now, with the present One of the major points here is the level of consultation and accommodation. leadership. I feel that there is trust and communication between us, which is And one of the sensitive points for all governments is the sharing of royalties. very important. It is historic. And there is another concern that strikes me. In the past we often spoke of It is very important that we first talk to the people