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UKRAINIAN REVIEW a Quarterly Magazine Devoted to the Study of Ukraine °M (L и і ч т і т т Review і t * і ** Î) «ВДІДІВІІДК СМІЧЗЯМ ДНОМ SEP¥ i t t THE UKRAINIAN REVIEW A Quarterly Magazine devoted to the study of Ukraine. EDITORIAL BOARD Professor Dr. Vasyl Oreleckyj Chairman of the Board Mrs. Slava Stetzko, M.A. Volodymyr Bohdaniuk, B.A., B. Lift. Editor Associate Editor Professor Nicholas Chirovsky Anatol Bedriy, M.A. Associate Editor Associate Editor Professor Lew Shankowsky Oleh S. Romanyshyn, M.A. Associate Editor Associate Editor Bernardine Bailey B.A., M.A. Associate Editor Price: 50p or $1.75 a single copy Annual Subscription: £2.00 or $7.00 Editorial correspondence should be sent to: The Editors, “The Ukrainian Review” 200 Liverpool Road, London, N1 ILF. Subscriptions should be sent to: “The Ukrainian Review” (Administration). c/o Associatioe of Ukrainian in Great Britain, Ltd. 49 Linden Gardens, London, W2 4HG. Overseas representatives: USA: Organization for Defense of Four Freedoms for Ukraine, Inc. P.O. Box 304, Cooper Station, New York, N.Y. 10003. Caeada: Canadian League for Ukraine’s Liberation, 140 Bathurst Street, Tcronto 2B, Ont. Printed in Great Britain by the Ukrainian Publishers Limited 200 Liverpool Road, N1 ILF Tel.: 01-607-6266/7 THE UKRAINIAN REVIEW Vol. XXI No. 1 Spring 1974 A Quarterly Magazine lJ WE APPEAL TO THE CONSCIENCE OF ALL MEN OF GOOD ^ l WILL IN THE WORLD TO HELP SECURE THE RELEASE (f J FROM SOVIET RUSSIAN PRISONS AND CONCENTRATION 1 J CAMPS OF ALL UKRAINIANS — FORMER RED CROSS j ^ PERSONNEL, POLITICAL PRISONERS AND ALL THOSE (f J PUNISHED FOR DEMANDING HUMAN RIGHTS AND T! I NATIONAL INDEPENDENCE. J For information please write to us or to any | Ukrainian Organization in the Free World. ^ J ^=to=£^; Published by The Association of Ukrainians in Great Britain, Ltd. in cooperation with Organization for Defense of Four Freedoms for Ukraine, Inc. (U.S.A) and Canadian League for Ukraine’s Liberation. 2 THE UKRAINIAN REVIEW CONTENTS Zenon Karbovych: THE PRESENT STAGE OF THE NATIONAL LIBERA­ TION STRUGGLE OF THE SUBJUGATED N ATIO N S......................... 3 Yaroslav Stetsko: A POLICY OF DETENTE LEADS TO WAR — A LIBERATION POLICY LEADS TO PEACE .............................................. 19 Slava Stetsko: NATIONALISM — AN UNCONQUERABLE F O R C E .......... 24 Statement of E.F.C.: DANGERS IMPLIED BY INTERNATIONAL SO- CALLED SECURITY & DISARMAMENT CONFERENCES AND TREATIES WITH THE USSR .................................................................... 34 A.B.N.: AN APPEAL TO THE CONSCIENCES OF FREE M E N ................. 36 Anatole W. Bedriy, Ph.D.: MAJOR ASPECTS OF RUSSIAN IMPER­ IALISM TOWARDS UKRAINE (Cont. 4 ) ...................................................... 40 W. Mykula.: SOVIET NATIONALITIES POLICY IN UKRAINE, 1920-1930 (Cont. 9) 46 Y. Vilshenko: TOTAL NEO-STALINIST ATTACK OF RUSSIAN IMPER­ IALIST CHAUVINISM UPON THE UKRAINIAN NATION ................. 53 From publication in Ukraine: ANATOLIY LUPYNIS AND OTHERS .............................................. 71 MYKHAYLO SOROKA’S LETTER ...................................................... 81 STATEMENT OF POET MYKOLA KHOLODNYY......................... 88 THE CHASTISEMENT OF “HOMIN’’ .............................................. 89 In English translation § REVOLUTIONARY VOICES [ UKRAINIAN POLITICAL PRISONERS ° CONDEMN RUSSIAN COLONIALISM Texts of Original Protest Writings by young Ukrainian | intellectuals. Published by Press Bureau of the Anti-Bolshevik § Bloc of Nations (ABN), Munich, 1969. Revised edition, 1971. Order from: ABN, 8 München 8 Zeppelinstr. 67; 1 or UIS, 200 Liverpool Rd., London, N1 ILF. § Illustrations, 270 p. Price: soft cover $5.00, hard cover $6.00. 3 THE PRESENT STAGE OF TIE NATIONAL LIBERATION STRUGGLE OF THE SUBJUGATED NATIONS By Zenon KARBOVYCH The Nations Rise Stalin died on March 5, 1953. In the summer of 1953 the Russian empire was shaken by uprisings in the concentration camps of Vorkuta, Norylsk, and Karaganda. They were followed by uprisings and disturbances in Kingiri, Balkhash, and other places, which were crushed by the MVD-KGB troops in 1954. A leading role in the organization of these uprisings was played by the Ukrainian na­ tionalists (Bandera followers), as well as Lithuanians and prisoners of other nationalities. On June 17, 1953, the Germans revolted, while in Magdeburg the Chekists shot 18 soldiers of the Soviet Army who helped the rising workers. In 1956, there took place a revolution in Hungary and the disturb­ ances in Poland. Ukrainian, Turkestani, Byelorussian, and other soldiers sided with the Hungarian freedom fighters, turning their tanks against Russian aggressors. On the foundation of the nation­ wide uprising in Ukraine (1942-1953) and Lithuania — for both of these nations waged guerrilla-type warfare on two fronts, against Soviet Russia and Nazi Germany — in line with the traditions of armed struggle of the UPA (Ukrainian Insurgent Army) and OUN (Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists, Bandera Followers), on the foundation of the struggle in concentration camps and the uprisings in 1953-1959 of prisoners, the revolutionary liberation movements increased in strength in the subjugated countries. At the 20th Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU, February, 1956), Khrushchev was forced to “dethrone” Stalin, while on June 30th, the Central Committee of the CPSU adopted a resolution “ on the combating of the personality cult and its consequences.” So as to save the empire from an erupting volcano, he also began to reorganize the concentration camps, fearing a chain reaction of uprisings of 17 million prisoners. The young generation of the subjugated nations, hand in hand with the unyielding older generation, launched the struggle on a broad front. 4 THE UKRAINIAN REVIEW The Fear Has Been Overcome. The possibility of an uprising, ever inside a totalitarian empire, has been documented by facts. Only a lack of synchronization, coordination, and their extension to more subjugated countries prevented the downfall of the empire and the system. A realistic guidepost, however, has remained: simultaneous and not separate, isolated revolutionary uprisings of the subjugated peoples are the surest road to liberation. The occupational regime will be powerless when confronted with such uprisings for it will not be able to use nuclear arms, which would be self-destructive (also because of radioactive fallout). Moreover, the administrative machinery itself is infiltrated by anti-imperial and anti-Communist elements. The Soviet Army is composed not only of Russians but also of soldiers from the subjugated countries, while the satellite armies — as shown by the Hungarian revolution, the disturbances in Poland, and the events in Czechia and Slovakia — will not take a stand against their own rebelling compatriots, but on the contrary will themselves rise against the occupant. What is more, the soldiers of the Soviet Army, which is based on universal, compulsory military service, are tightly bound with their nations, living by the same ideals as their fathers and mothers. It is not an isolated incident that three years ago, on August 31, 1970, in a military court of the Baltic Military District there ended a trial of an underground organization inside the Army which had its branches in Poland, Azerbaijan, and other places. The resonance of the national liberation struggle of the subjugated nations will be heard in the Armed Forces. Neither the KGB nor the party will be able to protect it against this, since the soldiers of the Soviet Army are an inseparable part of the nations from which they come. It was not a chance occurrence that in the first half of 1973 over 15,000 young Ukrainians of military age were thrown into punitive detachments along the Sino-Soviet border. It is worth recalling that the March, 1917, revolution, which toppled tsarism, was effected in Petersburg by three regiments composed of Ukrainians (the Volhynia, the Izmailiv, and the Preobrazhensk). The present-day Army with its technology and modern weaponry, with the concentration of material and fire power in individual strate­ gically important locations, but primarily because of its multi­ national, heterogeneous human component, the majority of whom are from the subjugated nations, has its special role and significance. In addition, the Army is particularly important because it provides a meeting ground for the young people of various strata, including the professional intelligentsia, the workers, the collective farmers, and so on. The fact that the highest-ranking spokesman of the Armed Forces Command, Marshal Grechko, the KGB chief Andropov, and the administration chief Kosygin are in the New Politburo of the CC CPSU speaks for itself. All elements of violence have been united in the center of the tyrants. _________________ THE PRESENT STAGE OF THE STRUGGLE________________ 5 A characteristic of the national liberation struggle of the sub­ jugated nations is its nationwide scope. The struggle is not limited to a narrow circle of intellectuals. A massive counteroffensive is being waged against the occupant’s total offensive upon the entire content and way of life of the subjugated nations. This means that there is in progress a struggle for a farmer’s right to the private ownership of land, at least for an increase in the size of so-called private plots of land, versus the collective system imposed by force and terror. There is a return to the national traditions, to the individual sources of spirituality of each nation; in opposition to militant atheism there comes the
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