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Xerox University Microfilms 300 North Zeeb Road Ann Arbor, Michigan 48106 76 - 17,985 GQMBERT, Dennis N., 1945- ARMS TRANSFER DECISIONS. The Ohio State University, Ph.D., 1976 Political Science, international law and relations Xerox University Microfilms,Ann Arbor, Michigan 48106 © Copyright by Dennis N. Gombert .. 1976 ARMS TRANSFER DECISIONS DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Dennis N. Gombert, B.S,, M,A. ***** The Ohio State University 1976 Reading Committee: Approved By Charles F. Hermann James E. Harf Randall B. Ripley Advlirer Department of Political Science To Helen ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to acknowledge the numerous individuals that have contributed to this study as well as my development as a political scientist. My initial interest in the field of international politics was stimulated by Mohamed El-Behairy who also received his graduate degree from The Ohio State University. Arthur E. Dowell furthered my interest in American foreign policy, and patiently supervised my first scholarly undertaking. I am indebted to both of these individuals for their time and understanding at a very early stage in my professional development. Philip M. Burgess, my adviser throughout most of my graduate work at Ohio State, has had a profound impact on my development as a student of international politics and as a professional political scientist. The scope of this study was initially his suggestion, and he was a guiding force in getting it off the ground. I grate­ fully acknowledge the time and efforts that Phil Burgess has made on my behalf since I came to this University. I am most indebted to Charles F. Hermann for the contribution he has made to my professional development and the completion of this study. As my dissertation adviser, he has given more of himself than I can ever repay. Without his willingness to contri­ bute a substantial amount of time, patience, constructive criticism, and encouragement, this study would not have been completed. I will always value the commitment he made to me at a most critical time in my career. Professors James E. Harf and Randall B. Ripley have been most helpful in their capacity as members of my dissertation committee. Their comments and suggestions assisted in clarifying issues and increased the quality of this study. Moreover, both Professor Harf and Professor Ripley have always given freely of their time to discuss problems that I encountered during my course of study at Ohio State. I have definitely benefited from having the opportunity to associate and work with both of them. Numerous individuals have assisted in a variety of ways through­ out this study. The librarian staffs of The Ohio State University, Columbus Public Library, and the Library of Congress effectively responded to all my requests. Ms. Betsy A. White and Mr. Stanley Stack were most helpful in servicing my requests to the Defense Security Assistance Agency. Mr. Edward Feingold and Mr. Richard Wilcox at the Arms Control and Disarmament Agency graciously took time from their busy schedules to discuss arms transfer issues and current Government policy. Likewise, Colonel Max Nunnekamp and Colonel James Naled assisted in clarifying my perspective for comparing various aircraft weapon systems. My colleagues at Ohio State have provided numerous suggestions throughout this study and were readily available to discuss the various dimensions of arms transfers. Also, I wish to acknowledge the continual contributions that Mr. James Ludwig has made to my research efforts at Ohio State. Jim Ludwig has been an invaluable source of knowledge in the field of computer programming and applications to research problems. His assistance and friendship will always be appreciated by me and others that he has assisted in the Department of Political Science. Sandy Wood has patiently and skillfully typed the final draft of this study. Too often secretaries are not given full credit for the essential services that they provide in the academic community. Sandy's skill as a typist and her knowledge of University require­ ments have made the preparation of this study a less painful process. Her contribution will always be deeply appreciated. I am most grateful for the financial support that the Depart­ ment of Political Science has provided me during my course of study at Ohio State. The Polimetrics Laboratory provided a substantial amount of support in preparing my data for analysis, and the Instruction and Research Computer Center provided the facilities and computer time for analyzing the data. Without such support, this study could not have been completed. I have also greatly benefited from having the opportunity to associate with the faculty of the Department of Political Science. v In each individual's way, they have contributed to my overall development. My thanks to them as a whole for always being avail- able when it counted. A special acknowledgement is in order for Dr. C. Richard Hofstetter who has been both an adviser and a good friend at Ohio State. I am most fortunate to have had the opportunity to work for and with Dick Hofstetter. Finally, I wish to thank my wife Helen for her love, patience, sacrifices, and strength during our years together. I am exception­ ally fortunate to have such a wonderful person to share my life with, and it is to her that I dedicate this study. Of course, only I alone am responsible for the content of this study and its conclusions. VITA August 19, 1945 Born - North Tonawanda, New York 1967 B.S., State University of New York, College at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 1967-1969 Research Assistant, Indiana State University, Terre Haute, Indiana 1969 M.A., Indiana State University, Terre Haute, Indiana 1969-1972 Archivist, Polimetrics Laboratory The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 1972 M.A., The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 1972-1973 Teaching Assistant, Department of Political Science, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 1973-1974 Lecturer, Department of Political Science, The Ohio State University Newark, Ohio Columbus, Ohio Marion, Ohio Research Associate, American Political Science Association Education Project, Mershon Center, The Ohio State Univer­ sity, Columbus, Ohio 1974-1975 Consultant, Survey Research Service, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 1975- Foreign Affairs Specialist, United States Information Agency, Washington, D.C. vii FIELDS OF STUDY Major Field: International Relations Comparative Foreign Policy. Professor Philip M. Burgess and Professor James N. Roseau International Systems and Processes. Professor James E. Harf Cross-National Topic - Elites. Professor Giacomo Sani Area Speciality - Japan. Professor Bradley M. Richardson viii TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ........................................ iii VITA ..................................................... vii LIST OF T A B L E S ......................... xi LIST OF FIGURES........................................... xiv Chapter I. INTRODUCTION..................................... 1 Role of Congress................................ 4 Assessment...................................... 8 Framework for the Model ........................ 14 Units of Analysis.............................. 22 Summation...................................... 28 II. THE TRANSFER OF WEAPON SYSTEMS.................... 37 Introduction.................................... 37 Arms Control and Weapons Transfers............... 45 Air Weapon System Suppliers ..................... 50 Extent of United States Aircraft Sales..........

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