AP U.S. History

IDENTIFICATIONS TO KNOW FOR THE AP EXAM Contact Native Americans: Iroquois Confederacy-- Five Virginia Charter, significance Nations; Moundbuilders, Pueblo, Creeks Jamestown (1607)/Virginia Amerindian culture in North America Captain John Smith Columbus Powhatans, Pocahantas St. Augustine, 1565 John Rolfe, tobacco Samuel de Champlain (“Father of New France”) Africans arrive in 1619 Impact of European culture on North America House of Burgesses, 1619 Impact of Native Americans on European culture Charter revoked in 1624, James I Spanish relations with Native Americans Bacon’s Rebellion, 1676; Governor Berkeley New Mexico Maryland (1634) encomienda Lord Baltimore (Calvert) mestizo Act of Toleration (1649) mission system, Franciscans Headright system, indentured servants Pope’s Rebellion, Santa Fe Indian slave trade California—Father Junipero Serra Restoration colonies, Charles II French relations with Native Americans Carolinas 1670, split in 1712 Algonquins Charleston (Charles Town) beaver trade Impact of British West Indies, Barbados coureur de bois and voyageurs Middle Passage Jesuits Slave Codes British relations with Native Americans rice and indigo New England Stono Rebellion, 1739 Pilgrims and Wampanoags differences between North & South Carolina Pequot War, 1636 Georgia (1733): reasons, successes New England Confederation James Oglethorpe “praying towns” Southern class structure King Philip’s War, 1675 Anglican Church Iroquois Confederacy Pennsylvania Early New England -- Plymouth & MBC Quakers Protestant Reformation, Martin Luther Chesapeake John Calvin, Institutes of the Christian Religion Jamestown Predestination, the “elect,” “visible saints” Powhatans Church of England (Anglican Church) Pocahantas Pilgrims (Separatists) Anglo-Powhatan Wars Plymouth Colony, reasons for leaving Carolinas John Robinson Tuscaroras Separatists, Non-Separatists Yamasee Mayflower Compact Founding of 13 Original Colonies (know order) Thanksgiving, Massasoit William Bradford Southern Colonies (Plantation Colonies) Massachusettts Bay Colony (1629) common characteristics of southern colonies Puritans Chesapeake: Virginia, Maryland reasons for leaving: Charles I, Archbishop Laud joint-stock Company “Great Migration” -- 1630s Virginia Company: purpose, failures, successes impact of English Civil War -- interregnum APUSH ID's cont. Page 2 John Winthrop: Model of Christian Charity Peter Minuit, New Amsterdam (1626) covenant theology --“City on a hill” Peter Stuyvesant Puritan (Protestant) work ethic patroon system Congregational church 1664, English victory John Cotton Leisler’s Rebellion, NY (1691) townhall meetings, self-government Pennsylvania, 1681, William Penn -- voting granted to church members, 1631 “Holy Experiment” Cambridge Platform (1648) Quakers Religion in MBC “visible saints”, the “elect” Religion in the Colonies Jeremiad Congregational Church -- Puritanism Half-Way Covenant Anglican Church education: purpose MD, PA, RI -- founders, established churches Harvard founded, 1636 Maryland Act of Toleration, 1649 Massachusetts school of law, 1647 Great Awakening Dissent: Jonathan Edwards Anne Hutchinson, antinomianism George Whitefield Quakers Old Lights, New Lights Roger Williams -- “liberty of conscience” new educational institutions Salem Witch Trials, Cotton Mather Baptists Impact of Geography on New England Anglican Church becomes Episcopal Church 3 main contributions to the American character: College of William and Mary, 1693 democracy Presbyterian Church perfectability of society Protestant work ethic The Colonial Economy Regional differences: New England, Middle Other New England Colonies Colonies, Southern Colonies Connecticut Colony (1636) -- Thomas Hooker mercantilism New Haven, 1638 Navigation Acts Fundamental Orders (1639) Triangular Trade: know geography & products Roger Williams, Rhode Island (1644) Molasses Act, 1733

New England Politics -- 17th Century Colonial Society New England Confederation “Old Immigration”: 1600 - 1776 Pequot War (1636-37) royal, charter, proprietary colonies King Philip’s War, 1675; Metacom colonial political structure: Dominion of New England Council -- upper house Charles II Assemblies (lower houses) -- most important Mercantilism primogeniture, entail, women lack property Navigation Laws: 1 st in 1651 rights Sir Edmund Andros Benjamin Franklin, Poor Richard’s Almanack “Glorious Revolution” -- 1688 Phillis Wheatley English Bill of Rights Age of the Enlightenment “First American Revolution” Classical Liberalism Important Thinkers Middle Colonies John Locke: natural rights, right to rebel characteristics: crops, geography, immigrants Baron de Montesquieu: 3 branches New York deism 2 APUSH ID's cont. Page 3 Events that fostered the democratic ideal in Stamp Act, 1765 the English Colonies “No taxation w/o representation” House of Burgesses (1619) virtual representation vs. actual representation Mayflower Compact (1620) “internal” vs. “external” taxation New England Town Meeting (after 1629) Stamp Act Congress royal, charter, proprietary colonies non-importation colonial political structure: Sons of Liberty, Samuel Adams assemblies controlled spending repeal Fundamental Orders of Connecticut (1639) Declaratory Act, 1766 New England Confederation (1643) Townshend Acts, 1767; reaction Maryland Act of Toleration (1649) John Dickinson, “Letters from a PA Farmer” Bacon’s Rebellion (1676) Massachusetts Circular Letter “Glorious Revolution,” Bill of Rights (1689) Boston Massacre, 1770 Failure of Dominion of New England Committees of Correspondence Leisler’s Rebellion (1691) Tea Act (1773), British East India Co. “Salutary Neglect” (begins in 1713) Boston Tea Party impact on colonial government (assemblies), Intolerable Acts (Coercive Acts); 1774 the economy, and religion Quebec Act; 1774 Whig ideology First Continental Congress, 1774 Impact of the Englightenment The Association Zenger Case (1734) Lexington and Concord, April 19, 1775 Albany Congress (1754) British vs. American strengths and weaknesses Paxton Boys (1764) Second Continental Congress, 1775 Regulator Movement (1771) George Washington, Continental Army (see “Road to Independence” below) Declaration of the Causes & Necessity of Taking Up Arms Great Britain vs. France Olive Branch Petition Dispute over the Ohio Valley Battle of Bunker Hill, significance Compare French and British colonization Hessians Iroquois vs. Hurons, significance Thomas Paine, Common Sense; 1776 Seven Years' War (French & Indian War) King George III Washington’s Ohio Mission, Ft. Duquesne Richard Henry Lee’s resolution of June 7, 1776 Albany Congress Declaration of Independence, 3 parts Albany Plan -- Benjamin Franklin, John Locke: natural rights philosopy William Pitt Battle of Quebec Revolutionary War Treaty of Paris, 1763 -- significance Patriots vs. Tories + Loyalists Battle of Trenton, 1776 Road to Independence Battle of Saratoga, 1777 “salutary neglect” Valley Forge, Baron von Steuben Whig ideology Articles of Confederation, 1777 writs of assistance, James Otis Franco-American Alliance, 1778 George Grenville, end of “salutary neglect” Yorktown, Lord Cornwallis Pontiac’s Rebellion, significance Treaty of Paris (1783) Proclamation of 1763 social impact of the war Currency Act, 1764 African Americans in the war Sugar Act, 1764 Women in the war, Abigail Adams Quartering Act, 1765 new state constitutions 3 APUSH ID's cont. Page 4 Articles of Confederation (“Critical Period”) Politics in the 1790s Societal changes after the revolution Bill of Rights adopted, 1791; know all 10! end to primogeniture, entail Judiciary Act, 1789 protests over Cincinnati Society President Washington disestablishment, Virginia Statute of Religious Vice-president Adams Freedom (1786) – Jefferson Cabinet, precedents Quaker abolitionism; Quock Walker case Hamilton vs. Jefferson in political philsophy Native Americans Hamilton's Financial Plan: (BE FAT) Republican Motherhood Assumption, Funding at Par, excise taxes, sovereignty, republicanism tariffs, BUS, arguments for & against features of state constitutions implied powers, elastic clause (“necessary and Maryland, cession of western land claims proper” clause) powers, strengths and weaknesses of Articles of loose construction, strict construction Confederation location of capital: logrolling, Dist. of Columbia Dey of Algiers Whiskey Rebellion, 1794 Pennsylvania militia routs Congress, 1783 Washington’s Farewell Address, significance Newburgh Conspiracy, 1783 election of 1796: Adams pres., Jefferson v.p. Land Ordinance of 1785 Two-party system Northwest Ordinance of 1787 Federlists vs. Democratic-Republicans proposed Jay-Gardoqui Treaty, 1785 party leaders and supporters Shays’ Rebellion, 1787 -- significance programs & philosophies Annapolis Conference: principle purpose, result views of foreign affairs 1780s depression “Mad” Anthony Wayne, Battle of Fallen Timbers Treaty of Greenville, 1795 Constitution Philadelphia Convention, 1787 Foreign Affairs in the 1790s Madison, “Father of the Constitution” French Revolution, “Reign of Terror” Virginia Plan, “Large State Plan” Neutrality Proclamation of 1793 New Jersey Plan, “Small State Plan” Citizen Genet Great Compromise (Connecticut Compromise) Jay Treaty of 1794, result 3/5's Compromise Pinckney Treaty (1795) end of slave trade in 1808 XYZ Affair, Talleyrand checks and balances, Montesquieu “Quasi-War”: undeclared naval w ar with Commerce Compromise France; Convention of 1800 Conservative safeguards, electoral college, Alien and Sedition Acts, 1798 election of Senators, appointments Virginia & Kentucky Resolutions, nullification, procedures for amendments compact theory of gov’t, 1799 Preamble: “We the people” “High Federalists” Federalists and Antifederalists George Mason, Bill of Rights Jeffersonian Democracy (1800-1824) ratification in states, esp. Mass. NY, & VA election of 1800, Jefferson & Burr tie Federalist Papers , Jay, Hamilton, Madison “Revolution of 1800” Federalist 10 : thesis 12 th Amendment government for the people “We are all Federalists, we are all Republicans” Sec. of Treasury Albert Gallatin maintenance of many Federalist policies reversal of certain Federalist policies 4 APUSH ID's cont. Page 5 Judiciary Act, 1801, “midnight judges” Cohens v. Virginia, John Marshall Gibbons v. Ogden, 1824 Marbury v. Madison, 1803 , Judicial Review Fletcher v. Peck, 1810 Justice Samuel Chase, impeachment Dartmouth v. Woodward, 1819 Tripolitan War, Pasha of Tripoli, Daniel Webster “Mosquito Fleet” Tallmadge Amendment Haitian slave revolt,Toussaint L’Ouverture, 1803 Missouri Compromise of 1820: provisions Louisiana Purchase: reasons, loose construction FOREIGN POLICY: Lewis and Clark expedition, Sacajawea Sec.of State John Quincy Adams Burr Conspiracy/Essex Junto, 1804, Rush-Bagot Treaty (1817), Great Lakes Hamilton-Burr duel Convention of 1818, US-Canadian border est. Burr expedition in West, treason trial Adams-Onis Treaty (1819) (FL Purchase Treaty) Events leading to War of 1812: Monroe Doctrine, 1823 Order in Council impressments, Chesapeake-Leopard Affair JACKSONIAN DEMOCRACY Embargo Act of 1807, oppositon The “New Democracy,” characteristics, causes Nonintercourse Act, 1809 Election of 1824: popular vote, electoral vote, President Madison “corrupt bargain” Macon's Bill #2, 1810 Election of 1828 (Jacksonian revolution) War Hawks, Henry Clay, John C. Calhoun President Andrew Jackson Shawnee: Tecumseh, The Prophet age of common man, gov’t by the people Battle of Tippecanoe strong executive, King Andrew I, vetoes General William H. Harrison Jacksonian Democracy : characteristics War of 1812: franchise extended Why war against Britain rather than France? spoils system Francis Scott Key, Ft. McHenry, “Star end of caucus system, nat’l nominating Spangled Banner” conventions Battle of New Orleans, Andrew Jackson more states’ rights: Charles River Bridge case, Hartford Convention (1814), significance veto internal improvements (Maysville Rd) Treaty of Ghent (1815), provisions Cabinet Crisis John C. Calhoun, South Carolina Nationalism and Sectionalism to 1828 Exposition and Protest , nullification President Monroe Webster-Hayne Debate (1830) Sec. of State John Quincy Adams Jefferson Day toast DOMESTIC POLICY “Kitchen Cabinet” “Era of Good Feelings” (appropriate term?) Peggy Eaton Affair nationalism, economic independence resignation of vice president Calhoun single party rule Nullification Crisis of 1832 Henry Clay’s American System (BIT) “Tariff of Abominations,” 1828 2nd Bank of U.S., reversal of Jefferson’s ideas Tariff of 1832 Tariff of 1816, protective South Carolina, nullification internal improvements, Bonus Bill veto Clay: Tariff of 1833 Panic of 1819 Election of 1832 land legislation: new trends in acreage and price Jackson (Democrat) John Marshall, Federalist: decisions Clay (National Republican) Marbury v. Madison, 1803 Anti-Masonic Party (1st 3rd party) Martin v. Hunter’s Lessee , 1816 nat’l nominating conventions, platforms McCulloch v. Maryland, 1819 end of the caucus system 5 APUSH ID's cont. Page 6 Jacksonian Economics: Wilmot Proviso, 1848 BUS Gadsden Purchase (1853) Clay, bank recharter bill, Nicholas Biddle Jackson’s removal of deposits, Roger B. RISE OF NATIONAL ECONOMY Taney, Pet banks Sectional differences: East, West, South Specie Circular, 1836, impact Industrial Revolution, impact Charles River Bridge case, 1837 Samuel Slater, “father of factory system” States’ rights: Maysville Road Veto Boston Associates, Lowell, Mass. Indian Removal Lowell girls Indian Removal Act, 1830 general incorporation laws, limited liability Black Hawk War, 1832 northern “wage slaves” Seminoles (war 1835-1842) “Transportation Revolution”: turnpikes, canals, Cherokee Nation v. Georgia , 1831 rivers, railroads Worcester v. Georgia 1832 National Road, Lancaster Turnpike Trail of Tears growth of cities Recognition of Texas, 1837 Robert Fulton, steamboat ( Clermont ) 1807 Stephen Austin, Sam Houston Erie Canal, 1826 -- Gov. DeWitt Clinton Santa Anna federal gov’t land policy trend: smaller parcels Alamo Charles River Bridge Co. v. Warren Bridge Co. San Jacinto rise of labor leaders, 10-hour movement Election of 1836 Commonwealth v. Hunt, (Mass.) Whigs: origins, policies Inventions: Martin Van Buren Eli Whitney, cotton gin, interchangeable parts Panic of 1837 Elias Howe, 1846; Isaac Singer, sewing machine Independent Treasury Plan, “Divorce Bill” John Deere, steel plow Election of 1840: candidates, characteristics Cyrus McCormick, mechanical reaper Liberty Party Samuel Morse, telegraph rise of second party system: Democrats v. Whigs death of Harrison, Tyler becomes president SOCIAL REFORM Religion: MANIFEST DESTINY Second Great Awakening : impact, reaction to “Manifiest Destiny” deism, unitarianism, liberalism, social ills Annexation of Texas, 1844 Charles Grandison Finney, Peter Cartwright, joint resolution under Pres. Tyler “circuit riders” Election of 1844: candidates, issues camp meetings, revivalism, perfectionism Polk’s 4-Point Plan: (COIL) -- OR, CA, influence of 2nd G.A. on frontier WalkerTariff, Independent Treasury System “the burned-over district” Oregon Territory millenialism, Millerites (Adventists) Oregon Trail, “Oregon Fever” Mormons Oregon Treaty, 1846, 49th parallel Joseph Smith, Brigham Young, Utah wilderness utopias: Brook Farm, New Harmony, Mexican War: (know causes, results) Oneida Community, Shakers, Amana Slidell’s mission to Mexico. Why? Community Rio Grande, Nueces River, disputed territory Abolitionism: see “slavery” below” Gen. Zachary Taylor Temperance: “spot resolutions,” Lincoln American Temperance Union Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo , 1848 Maine law, 1851, Neal S. Dow election of 1848: Cass (pop. sov.) & Taylor 6 APUSH ID's cont. Page 7 Women’s Rights: Nat Turner revolt, 1831, Virginia Seneca Falls, 1848 mountain whites Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Lucretia Mott, Missouri Compromise of 1820 Susan B. Anthony Liberty Party, election of 1844 Sarah & Angelina Grimke, Lucy Stone, banning of abolitionist literature in southern Sojourner Truth mails, 1830s “Republican Motherhood,” Catharine Beecher “gag rule,” 1836, House of Reps “Cult of Domesticity” American Colonization Society Godey’s Ladybook Abolitionists: Impact of Industrial Revolution on gender roles William Lloyd Garrison, The Liberator, 1831 Education: Elijah Lovejoy Noah Webster, William McGuffey American Antislavery Society public education, Horace Mann Theodore Weld, American slavery as it is Catharine Beecher Wendell Phillips, “Golden Trumpet” Other Reformers: Sarah and Angelina Grimke Dorthea Dix, treatment of the insane Sojourner Truth American Peace Society Frederick Douglass prison reform, Auburn system, Penn. system underground railroad: Harriet Tubman Nativism: Prigg v. Pennsylvania , 1842 “Old Immigration” “personal liberty laws” Irish, German immigration, nativism, “Know Nothings” The 1850s Literature: Election of 1848, Taylor vs. Cass Transcendentalists: Free Soil Party, Van Buren Romanticism Wilmot Proviso, 1848 Ralph Waldo Emerson California application for statehood, gold rush Henry David Thoreau, Walden , “On Civil Webster’s 7th of March Speech Disobedience” William H. Seward (“Higher Law”) Walt Whitman, Leaves of Grass Compromise of 1850 : PopFACT Knickerbocker group Henry Clay James Fenimore Cooper Fugitive Slave Law Washington Irving Nashville convention, failure Henry Wadsworth Longfellow Harriet Beecher Stowe: Uncle Tom’s Cabin Hudson River School of Art, landscapes Hinton Helper, The Impending Crisis of the South Gilbert Stuart, Charles Willson Peale Southern defense of slavery: Bible, Aristotle, Alexis de Toqueville, Democracy in America George Fitzhugh election of 1852; end of Whig Party Slavery and the South President Pierce: “Young America” “King Cotton” Commodore Matthew Perry goes to Japan cotton gin, Eli Whitney Ostend Manifesto -- Cuba plantation slavery, slave culture Gadsden Purchase (1853) sectionalism: the 3 Souths Stephen A. Douglas (pop. sovereignty) Border South: DE, MD, KY, MO Kansas-Nebraska Act, 1854 Middle South: VA, NC TN, AK birth of Republican Party; end of Whigs Lower South: SC, FL, GA AL, MS, LA TX “bleeding Kansas” Slave revolts: New England Emigrant aid Company Gabriel Prosser, 1800 revolt “Beecher’s Bibles” Denmark Vesey Conspiracy, 1822, S. Carolina raid on Lawrence 7 APUSH ID's cont. Page 8 Sumner-Brooks affair Emancipation Proclamation, 1863 John Brown: Pottawatomie massacre suspension of civil liberties: abeas corpus, Lecompton Constitution Ex parte Merryman,, 1st Amendment issues election of 1856: Republican Party (Fremont), Lincoln’s usurpation of Congressional powers Know-Nothing Party (Fillmore) Copperheads, Clement L. Vallandigham President Buchanan (Democrat) Republican legislation passed in Congress after Dred Scott decision, 1857 secession: National Bank, tariff, Homestead Act, Chief Justice Roger B. Taney transcontinental railroad, land grant act Panic of 1857 Great Britain: Trent, Alabama, Laird rams, Lincoln’s “house divided” speech France: Emperor Napolean III Lincoln-Douglas debates of 1858 (Illinois) Election of 1864: candidates, parties Freeport Doctrine Lincoln’s 2nd Inaugural Speech: “With malice John Brown, Harpers Ferry raid, 1859 toward none, with charity for all” Election of 1860: candidates, parties, issues John Wilkes Booth John Bell, Constitutional Union Party John Breckenridge, Southern Democratic Party Reconstruction Stephen Douglas, Northern Democratic Party Lincoln’s ten percent plan Republican Party: 1860 platform, supporters 13th Amendment, 1865 Buchanan and the secession crisis Ex Parte Milligan Crittenden Compromise proposal Radical Republicans: Charles Sumner, Thaddeus Stevens Civil War Wade-Davis bill (50% plan), veto Lincoln’s Inaugural Speech: purpose Andrew Johnson and presidential reconstruction Cabinet: Sec.of State William H. Seward, Sec. of Freedmen’s Bureau, General Oliver O. Howard Treas. Salmon P. Chase, Sec. of War Edwin St Black Codes Stanton 1866 elections: significance Border States: MD, KY, DE, MO Civil Rights Act, 1866 seceding states (first seven) Military Reconstruction Act, 1867 Jefferson Davis, Alexander Stephens 14th Amendment, 1867, provisions Confederate States of America 15th Amendment, 1870 South’s advantages in the war impeachmentm of Johnson North’s advantages in the war “scalawags” and “carpetbaggers” Fort Sumter: Lincoln’s dilemna and decision purchase of Alaska, 1867, Sec. of State Seward volunteers and conscription, draft riots President Ulysses S. Grant four other states secede. Why? Compromise of 1877, provisions Northern blockade (Anaconda Plan) Hiram R. Revels & Blanche K. Bruce Bull Run (Manassas) Redeemers (or Bourbons), Solid South General George McClellan, Peninsula Campaign Ku Klux Klan, Force Acts, 1871 Robert E. Lee, “Stonewall” Jackson Antietam, significance of battle Fredericksburg, Dec. 1862 Chancellorsville, May, 1863 Gettysburg, July 1863, significance Vicksburg, July 4, 1863 significance Atlanta and march through Georgia -- Sherman Grant’s Virginia campaign, 1864-65 Appomattox Court House Emancipation Acts, 1862, 1863 8 APUSH ID's cont. Page 9 Post-Reconstruction African American Issues Industrialism shortcomings of Reconstruction: laissez-faire sharecropping, “Robber Barons” disenfranchisement: poll taxes, literacy tests, Transcontinental Railroad “grandfather” clauses, gerrymandering Union Pacific Railroad, “Jim Crow” -- segregation (1890s) Central Pacific Railroad Booker T. Washington, accommodation Leland Stanford “Atlanta Compromise,” 1895 government subsidies to railroads Plessy vs. Ferguson, 1896 -- “separate but equal” workers: “paddies,” “coolies” W.E.B. DuBois Cornelius Vanderbilt, NY Central Railroad “talented tenth” corrupt railroad practices: stock watering, Niagara Movement, 1905 pools, rebates, short haul/long haul NAACP John D. Rockefeller, Standard Oil horizontal integration Gilded Age: 1865-1900 Andrew Carnegie, vertical integration Corruption in the Grant administration Bessemer process Tweed Ring, Boss Tweed J. P. Morgan, interlocking directorates Thomas Nast U.S. Steel Corporation Panic of 1873 and the silver issue Mechanization Greenback-Labor Party Thomas Edison 1876 election: candidates, electoral commission Alexander Graham Bell Compromise of 1877 The “New South” assassination of President Garfield trusts, holding companies President Grover Cleveland Tariff issue (big in the 1880s) Government Regulation and Court Cases Populism: (People’s Party) Interstate Commerce Commission, 1887 free silver, 16:1 Sherman Antitrust Act, 1890 Granger laws Supreme Court Cases: Munn v. Illinois Munn v. Illinois, 1877 Wabash Case , 1886 Wabash case, 1886 Farmers’ Alliances Election of 1892: Cleveland, Harrison, Weaver Labor Populist Party, Omaha Platform, 1892 National Labor Union, William Sylvis Cleveland’s 2nd term: Great Railroad strike, 1877 Panic of 1893 Knights of Labor: Terence Powderly Coxey’s Army, 1893 Haymarket Square riot, 1886 Pullman Strike, 1894 American Federation of Labor (AFL) Morgan Bond Transaction, 1895 Samuel Gompers Election of 1896: candidates, issues collective bargaining William McKinley, Marcus Hanna strikes, boycotts, closed shop William Jennings Bryan company unions “Cross of Gold” speech Homestead strike, 1890 Pullman strike, 1894, Eugene V. Debs Lockner v. New York , 1906 Muller v. Oregon, 1908 Clayton Antitrust Act, 1914

9 APUSH ID's cont. Page 10 Urbanization EXPANSION & IMPERIALISM John A. Roebling, Brooklyn Bridge France out of Mexico, Maximilian, 1867 Louis Sullivan, skyscrapers Monroe Doctrine lure of industrial jobs James G. Blaine, Pan-Americanism streetcar suburbs Venezuelan boundary dispute, 1895 tenements “yellow journalism,” Hearst & Pulitzer Jane Addams, Hull House Josiah Strong, Our Country Florence Kelley Alfred Thayer Mahan, Political Machines Influence of Sea Power on History Boss Tweed Grover Cleveland and Hawaii Tammany Hall Queen Liluokalani George Washington Plunkitt, “honest graft” Samoan Crisis, Pago Pago “New Immigration”, Ellis Island U.S. Conflict with Spain over Cuba Chinese Exclusion Act, 1882; “coolies” explosion of Maine Victorian values (among middle class) Spanish-American War, 1898 Comstock Law, 1873; “New Morality” Commodore Dewey, Manila Bay Theodore Roosevelt, Asst. Sec. of Navy Social and Intellectual Movements and Ideas Rough Riders, San Juan Hill (Kettle Hill) Social Darwinism Philippines, Guam, Puerto Rico Andrew Carnegie, The Gospel of Wealth annexation of Hawaii Fundamentalism Treaty of Paris, 1898 Social Gospel American Anti-Imperialist League Salvation Army, YMCA U.S. policy toward Cuba Red Cross, Clara Barton Insular Cases Edward Bellamy, Looking Backward, 2000-1887 Teller Amendment Henry George, Progress and Poverty , single tax Platt Amendment Horatio Alger’s books for youth (rags to riches) Guantanamo Bay Naval Base Women’s Christian Temperance Union (WCTU) U.S. policy toward Philippines Francis Willard protectorate Carrie Nation Aguinaldo, Philippine insurrection U.S. policy toward China The West Sec. of State John Hay, Open Door Note 3 frontiers of the west: spheres of influence mining, Comstock Lode Boxer Rebellion cattle raising, long drive, cowboys election of 1900: candidates, issues barbed wire, Joseph Glidden Roosevelt’s Big Stick diplomacy farming, Homestead Act, 1862 Panama Plains Indians: Sioux Hay-Pauncefote Treaty, 1903 Little Big Horn: George Custer, Crazy Horse Hay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty, 1903 Chief Joseph, Nez Perce Panama revolution Apache, Geronimo Panama Canal Wounded Knee, 1892 Venezuelan crisis, 1902 Helen Hunt Jackson, A Century of Dishonor Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine Dawes Severalty Act, 1887 “Colossus of the North” Oklahoma Land Rush, 1889 & 1892 Dominican Republic 1890 Census report: no discernible frontier U.S. policy toward Asia Frederick Jackson Turner, frontier thesis Russo-Japanese War, Treaty of Portsmouth San Francisco School Board incident 10 APUSH ID's cont. Page 11 Gentleman's Agreement, 1908 Prohibition of Alcohol “Great White Fleet,” 1907 Women’s Christian Temperance Union, William H. Taft, “dollar diplomacy” Francis Willard Wilson, “Moral Diplomacy” Anti-Saloon League invasion of Mexico 18th Amendment (1919) Pancho Villa Volstead Act (1919) General John “Black Jack” Pershing Presidents Roosevelt & Taft as Progressives Progressivism Theodore Roosevelt Populist ideas that carry forward Square Deal, “three C’s” “muckrakers” Control of Corporations Progressive agenda: anti-trust, anti-political anthracite coal strike, 1902 machines, improved living conditions Dept. of Commerce & Labor, 1903 democracy, efficiency, social justice Northern Securities Co. case, holding co. Pre-1900 critics (of the Gilded Age) “trust buster” Jacob Riis, How the Other Half Lives Hepburn Act, 1906 socialists consumer protection Lester Frank Ward Meat Inspection Act (1906) Richard Ely Pure Food and Drug Act (1906) muckrakers conservation Lincoln Steffens, The Shame of the Cities Newlands Reclamation Act, 1902 Ida Tarbell, History of the Standard Oil Co. national parks John Spargo, The Btiter Cry of the Children Panic of 1907 Upton Sinclair, The Jungle William Howard Taft Progressive Activists break up of Standard Oil Jane Addams Split in Republican party Florence Kelley Payne-Aldrich Tariff, 1909 Political Reforms Ballinger-Pinchot controversy Robert LaFollette, “Wisconsin Experiment” Uncle Joe Cannon, Old Guard Republicans initiative, referendum, recall Roosevelt’s Osawatomie, Kansas speech direct primary, direct election of Senators Taft-Roosevelt split state income tax Bull Moose Party, campaign Hiram Johnson, California election of 1912: Charles Evans Hughes, NY Woodrow Wilson, New Freedom Australian ballot (secret ballot) Theodore Roosevelt, New Nationalism Galveston Texas, commission system Eugene V. Debs, Socialist Party city manager system 16th, 17th, 18th, & 19th Amendments President Woodrow Wilson as a Progressive improved conditions for workers Underwood Tariff (1913), income tax Triangle Shirtwaist Co. fire, 1911 Federal Reserve Act (1913) Muller v. Oregon, 1908 Federal TradeCommission, cease & desist orders Women’s suffrage Clayton Antiturst Act, labor’s “Magna Carta” National American Woman Suffrage Asso. Federal Highways Act, 1916 Carrie Chapman Catt, “Winning Plan” Warehouse Act, 1916 Alice Paul, militant tactics, ERA Child Labor Act, 1916 19th Amendment Adamson Act, 1916

11 APUSH ID's cont. Page 12 Supreme Court rolls back progressive reforms Teapot Dome scandal Lochner v. U.S., 1905 Conservative political agenda death of Child Labor Act Fordney-McCumber Tariff, 1922 Schenck v. U.S., 1919 Andrew Mellon, tax cuts (“trickle down”) Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes, Jr. Sec. of Commerce Herbert Hoover, trade Adkins v. Childrens Hospital, 1923 associations McNary-Haugen Bill, vetoes First World War election of 1928: Hoover vs. Smith Triple Entente: Allies Bruce Barton, The Man Nobody Knows, 1925 Triple Alliance: Central Powers “The Lost Generation” Lusitania , Arabic pledge, Sussex pledge F. Scott Fitzgerald, The Great Gatsby election of 1916: Hughes, Wilson, issues Sinclair Lewis, Main Street, Babbitt unrestricted submarine warfare Theodore Dreisler, An American Tragedy Zimmerman Note Ernest Hemingway, A Farewell to Arms Russian Revolution, 1917, March and Bolshevik T.S. Eliot, The Waste Land U.S. declares war, April 1917 Prohibition, Volstead Act, Al Capone Creel Committee “Americanism” “Make the world safe for democracy” KKK “War to end all wars” fundamentalists, Billy Sunday bond drives, Liberty Loans Immigration Act of 1921 War Industries Board, Bernard Baruch National Origins Act of 1924 Herbert Hoover, Food Administration Sacco and Vanzetti case Espionage Act, 1917; Sedition Act, 1918 Scopes trial, Darrow, Bryan Eugene Debs imprisoned Consumerism: automobile, radio, movies IWW, “Wobblies” Henry Ford, the Model T, assembly line 1913 selective service (conscription) Movies: The Jazz Singer (1927), Rudolph black migration to Northern cities Valentino, Charlie Chaplin General John J. (“Black Jack”) Pershing KDKA, Pittsburgh Argonne-Meuse offensive new woman, flappers Wilson’s Fourteen Points Margaret Sanger, birth control Versailles Conference, Versailles Treaty impact of Sigmund Freud’s theories Big Four: Wilson, George, Clemenceau, Orlando The “Jazz Age”: Louis Armstrong League of Nations Article X of Versailles Treaty Harlem Renaissance: Langston Hughes, Claude collective security McKay, Nora Zeale Hurston, Countee Cullen, new nations, self-determination Duke Ellington Article 231, reparations Marcus Garvey, Universal Negro Improvement Lodge Reservations, Henry Cabot Lodge Association “irreconcilables”: Borah, Johnson, La Follette Charles Lindbergh, Spirit of St. Louis election of 1920: Candidates, issues Babe Ruth, Jack Dempsey Red Scare, Palmer raids strikes: 1919, coal, steel, Boston Police, FOREIGN POLICY Seattle General Strike Versailles Treaty inflation during World War I Washington Disarmament Conference Five Power Treaty The 1920s Dawes Plan, 1924 election of 1920: candidates, issues Kellogg-Briand Treaty, 1928 Warren Harding, “Normalcy” Clark Memorandum, 1928 brief recession, 1920-1921 Hoover-Stimson Doctrine, 1931 12 APUSH ID's cont. Page 13 HOOVER ADMINISTRATION Social Security Act, 1935 Bull market, Bear market 2nd AAA, 1938 Agricultural Marketing Act, 1929, Farm Board Fair Labor Standards Act: maximum hours and Wall Street Crash, Oct 1929 minimum wage causes of the Depression Congress of Industrial Organizations (CIO), impact of the Depression John L. Lewis depression as an international event sit down strikes Hawley-Smoot Tariff, 1930 Dust Bowl, Okies; Steinbeck, Grapes of Wrath Hoover’s moratorium on international debt New Democratic party coalition: blacks, unions, Reconstruction Finance Corporation, RFC intellectuals, city machines, Southern whites Bonus Army, 1932 American Liberty League “Hoovervilles” Huey Long, “Share the Wealth” deportation of Mexicans Father Charles Coughlin Dr. Francis Townsend ROOSEVELT AND THE NEW DEAL Schechter Poultry Corp. v. U.S., 1935 election of 1932: candidates, issues U.S. v. Butler, 1936 Twenty-first Amendment “court packing” proposal (Judiciary Act of 1937) Brain Trust “conservative coalition” in Congress Frances Perkins, Sec. of Labor Recession of 1937-38 Eleanor Roosevelt Keynesian economics, deficit spending

First New Deal World War II “relief, recovery, and reform” Good Neighbor Policy: “Hundred Days” Montevideo Conference “bank holiday” Buenos Aires Conference Emergency Banking Relief Act, 3/33 Nye Committee, “merchants of death” Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC), 3/33 Neutrality Acts: 1935, 1936, 1937 Federal Emergency Relief Admin (FERA), 5/33 totalitarianism, fascism, communism [Civil Works Administration (CWA), 11/33] Hitler, Mussolini Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA), 5/33 Spanish Civil War, 1936, Francisco Franco Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) Japan attacks China, 1937 Chiang Kai-shek National Industry Recovery Act (NIRA), 6/33 Panay incident National Recovery Admin. (NRA) “Quarantine speech”, 1937 “Blue Eagle,” Section 7a Munich Conference, 1938, appeasement, Public Works Administration (PWA) Neville Chamberlain Glass-Steagall Banking Reform Act, 6/33 pacifism, Britain, France Federal Deposit Insurance Corp. (FDIC) Austria annexed, 1938 Securities & Exchange Commission (SEC), 6/34 Czechoslovakia invaded, Sudetenland, 1938-39 Federal Housing Authority (FHA), 1934 Nazi-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact, 1939 Indian Reorganization Act, 1934 invasion of Poland, blitzkrieg, 1939 Second New Dea Axis powers Works Progress Administration Grand Alliance Federal Arts Project, May 1935 Neutrality Act of 1939:“cash-and-carry” revision National Youth Administration (WPA), 1935 fall of France, 1940 Rural Electrification Admi (REA), 1935 Battle of Britain, 1940 Wagner Act , 1935 America First Committee, Charles Lindbergh National Labor Relations Board (NLRB) Committee to Defend America by Aiding the Revenue Act, 1935 (“soak the rich” tax) Allies 13 APUSH ID's cont. Page 14 Smith-Connolly Antistrike Act, John L. Lewis, Soviet A-bomb, 1949 A. Philip Randolph NATO, 1949; collective security Destroyer-Bases Deal, 1940 Warsaw Pact, 1955 “Arsenal of Democracy” speech NSC-68 Lend LeaseAct, March 1941 Korean War, Inchon, limited war German undeclared naval warfare Truman fires MacArthur Atlantic Charter, August 1941 Hydrogen bomb: U.S. & U.S.S.R., superpowers German invasion of Soviet Union Southeast Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO) Pearl Harbor, Dec. 7, 1941 Japanese internment, Executive Order 9066 Cold War: Eisenhower Zoot Suit riots, 1943 End to Korean War Midway CIA in Iran, 1953 island-hopping John Foster Dulles, “massive retaliation,” El Alamein, “Operation Torch” brinksmanship War Production Board mutual assured destruction (MAD) Office of Price Administration (OPA) Khrushchev, 1955 Geneva Summit War Labor Board “peaceful coexistence” General Eisenhower, General MacArthur Hungarian uprising, 1956 second front Suez Canal crisis, 1956 D-Day, June 6, 1944 Sputnik, 1957 Stalingrad, 1942-43 NASA “Big Three” National Education Act (+ AP program!) Tehran Conference, 1943 Lebanon, 1958 Yalta Conference, 1945 Eisenhower Doctrine Potsdam Conference, 1945 Organization of American States (OAS) “unconditional surrender” Fidel Castro’s revolution, 1959 Iwo Jima and Okinawa U-2 incident Manhattan Project, J. Robert Oppenheimer Eisenhower’s farewell speech, “military- Hiroshima, Nagasaki, Enola Gay industrial-complex” decisions to use of the A-bomb genocide, “Final Solution” Cold War at Home: Truman & Eisenhower Nuremburg trials Smith Act, 1940 United Nations Loyalty Review Board (Truman) Bretton Woods Conference, International House Un-American Committee (HUAC) Monetary Fund (IMF) Alger Hiss case, Richard Nixon, 1948 McCarran Internal Security Bill, 1950 COLD WAR: Truman Rosenbergs Yalta Conference blacklisting, “Hollywood Ten” Partitioning of Germany & Korea McCarthyism Winston Churchill, “Iron Curtain” speech communist satellites (Eastern Europe) Cold War: Kennedy National Security Act, Dept. of Defense, 1947 “flexible response” containment, George F. Kennan Berlin Wall, 1961 Truman Doctrine, 1947 Bay of Pigs, 1961 Marshall Plan, Sec. of State George C. Marshall Cuban missile crisis, 1962 Berlin blockade, Berlin airlift, 1948-49 Alliance for Progress fall of China, 1949 Mao Tse-tung Peace Corps Chiang Kai-shek, Formosa (Taiwan) Nuclear Test Ban Treaty (1963) 14 APUSH ID's cont. Page 15 Vietnam: Eisenhower, JFK, LBJ, & Nixon desegregation in federal jobs Dien Bien Phu, 1954 Election of 1948: “Dixiecrats” Ho Chi Minh, Vietminh “Fair Deal” domino theory Presidential Succession Act of 1947 Viet Cong, National Liberation Front (NLF) 22nd Amendment Ngo Dinh Diem Kennedy -- increase of military advisors Dwight D. Eisenhower: President Johnson -- escalation “dynamic conservatism” Gulf of Tonkin Resolution, 1964 Interstate Highway System, 1956 Tet offensive, 1968 maintenance of New Deal programs: Department Kent State incident, Jackson State incident of Health, Education and Welfare Daniel Ellsberg, Pentagon Papers AFL-CIO merger, 1955 My Lai massacre, Lt. Calley Jimmy Hoffa, Teamsters President Nixon & Sec. of State Henry Kissinger Landrum-Griffen Act of 1959 bombing of Laos and Cambodia Brown v. Board of Education, 1954 Vietnamization Little Rock crisis, 1957 Paris Accords, 1973 Civil Rights Acts of 1957 & 1960 fall of Saigon, 1975 Society Cold War: Nixon “Affluent Society”: 1950-1070 détente baby boom SALT I Agreement growing middle class Henry Kissinger cult of domesticity re-emerges China visit, 1972 Rock’ n’ Roll, Elvis Presley Moscow visit, 1972 Dr. Benjamin Spock, The Commonsense Book of War Powers Act, 1973 Baby and Child Care suburbia Cold War & Foreign Policy: Carter conformity Soviet invasion of Aftghanistan, 1979 David Reisman Olympic boycott, 1980 beatniks, the Beat Generation “Humanitarian diplomacy” Jack Kerouac, On The Road Panama Canal Treaty, 1977 Jackson Pollock, abstract expressionism Camp David Accords, Sadat and Begin Iran Hostage crisis, Ayatollah Khomeini Domestic Issues -- 1960s Election of 1960: Kennedy vs. Nixon, TV Cold War & Foreign Policy: Reagan/Bush “New Frontier” “Star Wars,” SDI, Strategic Defense Initiative eventual support for civil rights Mikhail Gorbachev, glasnost, perestroika Assassination of JFK, Lee Harvey Oswald, INF Treaty, 1987 Warren Commission “Revolutions of 1989”: Berlin Wall falls The Great Society fall of Soviet Union, 1991 Civil Rights Act of 1964 Voting Rights Act of 1965 Domestic Issues & Culture: 1940s and 1950s election of 1964: LBJ, Goldwater Harry Truman: Michael Harrington: The Other Side of America G.I. Bill, 1944 Office of Econ. Opportunity, “War on Poverty” Taft-Hartley Act, 1947 Elementary and Secondary Act, Head Start “right to work laws” Medicare desegregation of armed forces, 1947 Immigration Act of 1965 15 APUSH ID's cont. Page 16 Dept. of Housing and Urban Development Domestic Issues: Reagan election of 1968: candidates, issues “Reaganomics”: tax cut & massive increase in 1968: “The Year of Shocks” – Tet Offensive military spending Chicago, Democratic Party Convention riot supply side economics assassinations of Robert Kennedy & MLK Sandra Day O’Connor Richard Nixon’s “Southern strategy” deregulation: AT&T, airlines, trucking, savings Governor George Wallace & loan moon race, Neil Armstrong Air traffic controllers strike Sunbelt vs. Frost belt (or Rustbelt) election of 1984: candidates, issues Earl Warren, Warren Court Iran-Contra affair, Col. Oliver North Miranda decision, Escobedo decision Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986 Gideon v. Wainwright culture war Rachel Carson, Silent Spring “Religious Right” Students for a Democratic Society (SDS) defeat of the ERA, 1982; Phyllis Schlafly Betty Friedan, The Feminine Mystique National Organization for Women (NOW) George H.W. Bush: 1989-1993 Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) Panama invasion, General Noriega Counterculture, “Hippies,” Woodstock Clear Air Act, 1990 (also one in 1970) sexual revolution, birth control pill The Gulf War, 1991 “Desert Storm” Andy Warhol, Pop Art Saddam Hussein death of Soviet Union Domestic Issues: 1970s recession in early 1990s Nixon, “New Federalism”, “revenue sharing” election of 1992: Clinton, Bush, Perot Spiro T. Agnew, resignation wage and price controls Bill Clinton: 1993-2001 impounding, Nixon vs. Congress NAFTA Environmental issues Monica Lewinsky scandal, impeachment Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), gains in environmental protection George W. Bush: 2001-2009 Three Mile Island, 1979 election of 2000: Bush vs. Gore election of 1972: Nixon vs. McGovern 9/11 terrorist attacks, Osama bin Laden Watergate scandal, Nixon’s resignation invasion of Afghanistan, 2001 Arab oil Embargo, OPEC invasion of Iraq, 2003 President Gerald Ford, Nixon pardon financial meltdown, 2008 “stagflation” Cesar Chavez, United Farm Workers Barack Obama: 2009- Roe v. Wade, 1973 deep recession, 2009 American Indian Movement (AIM), health care debate Wounded Knee Black History Jimmy Carter Slavery amnesty for Vietnam draft dodgers Reconstruction: 13th, 14th, 15th Amendments deregulation of airline industry Post-Reconstruction: Sharecropping, “Jim Crow” election of 1980: candidates, issues Booker T. Washington, “Atlanta Compromise” “Moral Majority,” Jerry Falwell Plessy v. Ferguson , 1896, “separate but equal” W.E.B. Du Bois, NAACP great migration northward during WWI “Red Summer,”1919 16 APUSH ID's cont. Page 17

Marcus Garvey A. Philip Randolph, MOWM WWII migration to urban areas in North & West desegregation of the armed forces, 1948 Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, 1954 Rosa Parks, Montgomery bus boycott, 1955 Rev. Martin Luther King, Jr. (SCLC) Little Rock, 1957 Congress of Racial Equality (CORE) Student Nonviolent Coord. Committee (SNCC) Greensboro sit-in, 1960 Freedom Riders University of Mississippi, James Meredith March on Washington, 1963, “I have a dream” Civil Rights Act of 1964, Title VII Voting Rights Act, 1965; 24 th Amendment Malcolm X, Black Muslims, Elijah Muhammad black power: Stokely Carmichael Black Panthers: H. Rap Brown Watts Riots, LA, 1965 Thurgood Marshall, associate justice affirmative action

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