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APUSH ID's 2009 AP U.S. History IDENTIFICATIONS TO KNOW FOR THE AP EXAM Contact Native Americans: Iroquois Confederacy-- Five Virginia Charter, significance Nations; Moundbuilders, Pueblo, Creeks Jamestown (1607)/Virginia Amerindian culture in North America Captain John Smith Columbus Powhatans, Pocahantas St. Augustine, 1565 John Rolfe, tobacco Samuel de Champlain (“Father of New France”) Africans arrive in 1619 Impact of European culture on North America House of Burgesses, 1619 Impact of Native Americans on European culture Charter revoked in 1624, James I Spanish relations with Native Americans Bacon’s Rebellion, 1676; Governor Berkeley New Mexico Maryland (1634) encomienda Lord Baltimore (Calvert) mestizo Act of Toleration (1649) mission system, Franciscans Headright system, indentured servants Pope’s Rebellion, Santa Fe Indian slave trade California—Father Junipero Serra Restoration colonies, Charles II French relations with Native Americans Carolinas 1670, split in 1712 Algonquins Charleston (Charles Town) beaver trade Impact of British West Indies, Barbados coureur de bois and voyageurs Middle Passage Jesuits Slave Codes British relations with Native Americans rice and indigo New England Stono Rebellion, 1739 Pilgrims and Wampanoags differences between North & South Carolina Pequot War, 1636 Georgia (1733): reasons, successes New England Confederation James Oglethorpe “praying towns” Southern class structure King Philip’s War, 1675 Anglican Church Iroquois Confederacy Pennsylvania Early New England -- Plymouth & MBC Quakers Protestant Reformation, Martin Luther Chesapeake John Calvin, Institutes of the Christian Religion Jamestown Predestination, the “elect,” “visible saints” Powhatans Church of England (Anglican Church) Pocahantas Pilgrims (Separatists) Anglo-Powhatan Wars Plymouth Colony, reasons for leaving Carolinas John Robinson Tuscaroras Separatists, Non-Separatists Yamasee Mayflower Compact Founding of 13 Original Colonies (know order) Thanksgiving, Massasoit William Bradford Southern Colonies (Plantation Colonies) Massachusettts Bay Colony (1629) common characteristics of southern colonies Puritans Chesapeake: Virginia, Maryland reasons for leaving: Charles I, Archbishop Laud joint-stock Company “Great Migration” -- 1630s Virginia Company: purpose, failures, successes impact of English Civil War -- interregnum APUSH ID's cont. Page 2 John Winthrop: Model of Christian Charity Peter Minuit, New Amsterdam (1626) covenant theology --“City on a hill” Peter Stuyvesant Puritan (Protestant) work ethic patroon system Congregational church 1664, English victory John Cotton Leisler’s Rebellion, NY (1691) townhall meetings, self-government Pennsylvania, 1681, William Penn -- voting granted to church members, 1631 “Holy Experiment” Cambridge Platform (1648) Quakers Religion in MBC “visible saints”, the “elect” Religion in the Colonies Jeremiad Congregational Church -- Puritanism Half-Way Covenant Anglican Church education: purpose MD, PA, RI -- founders, established churches Harvard founded, 1636 Maryland Act of Toleration, 1649 Massachusetts school of law, 1647 Great Awakening Dissent: Jonathan Edwards Anne Hutchinson, antinomianism George Whitefield Quakers Old Lights, New Lights Roger Williams -- “liberty of conscience” new educational institutions Salem Witch Trials, Cotton Mather Baptists Impact of Geography on New England Anglican Church becomes Episcopal Church 3 main contributions to the American character: College of William and Mary, 1693 democracy Presbyterian Church perfectability of society Protestant work ethic The Colonial Economy Regional differences: New England, Middle Other New England Colonies Colonies, Southern Colonies Connecticut Colony (1636) -- Thomas Hooker mercantilism New Haven, 1638 Navigation Acts Fundamental Orders (1639) Triangular Trade: know geography & products Roger Williams, Rhode Island (1644) Molasses Act, 1733 New England Politics -- 17th Century Colonial Society New England Confederation “Old Immigration”: 1600 - 1776 Pequot War (1636-37) royal, charter, proprietary colonies King Philip’s War, 1675; Metacom colonial political structure: Dominion of New England Council -- upper house Charles II Assemblies (lower houses) -- most important Mercantilism primogeniture, entail, women lack property Navigation Laws: 1 st in 1651 rights Sir Edmund Andros Benjamin Franklin, Poor Richard’s Almanack “Glorious Revolution” -- 1688 Phillis Wheatley English Bill of Rights Age of the Enlightenment “First American Revolution” Classical Liberalism Important Thinkers Middle Colonies John Locke: natural rights, right to rebel characteristics: crops, geography, immigrants Baron de Montesquieu: 3 branches New York deism 2 APUSH ID's cont. Page 3 Events that fostered the democratic ideal in Stamp Act, 1765 the English Colonies “No taxation w/o representation” House of Burgesses (1619) virtual representation vs. actual representation Mayflower Compact (1620) “internal” vs. “external” taxation New England Town Meeting (after 1629) Stamp Act Congress royal, charter, proprietary colonies non-importation colonial political structure: Sons of Liberty, Samuel Adams assemblies controlled spending repeal Fundamental Orders of Connecticut (1639) Declaratory Act, 1766 New England Confederation (1643) Townshend Acts, 1767; reaction Maryland Act of Toleration (1649) John Dickinson, “Letters from a PA Farmer” Bacon’s Rebellion (1676) Massachusetts Circular Letter “Glorious Revolution,” Bill of Rights (1689) Boston Massacre, 1770 Failure of Dominion of New England Committees of Correspondence Leisler’s Rebellion (1691) Tea Act (1773), British East India Co. “Salutary Neglect” (begins in 1713) Boston Tea Party impact on colonial government (assemblies), Intolerable Acts (Coercive Acts); 1774 the economy, and religion Quebec Act; 1774 Whig ideology First Continental Congress, 1774 Impact of the Englightenment The Association Zenger Case (1734) Lexington and Concord, April 19, 1775 Albany Congress (1754) British vs. American strengths and weaknesses Paxton Boys (1764) Second Continental Congress, 1775 Regulator Movement (1771) George Washington, Continental Army (see “Road to Independence” below) Declaration of the Causes & Necessity of Taking Up Arms Great Britain vs. France Olive Branch Petition Dispute over the Ohio Valley Battle of Bunker Hill, significance Compare French and British colonization Hessians Iroquois vs. Hurons, significance Thomas Paine, Common Sense; 1776 Seven Years' War (French & Indian War) King George III Washington’s Ohio Mission, Ft. Duquesne Richard Henry Lee’s resolution of June 7, 1776 Albany Congress Declaration of Independence, 3 parts Albany Plan -- Benjamin Franklin, John Locke: natural rights philosopy William Pitt Battle of Quebec Revolutionary War Treaty of Paris, 1763 -- significance Patriots vs. Tories + Loyalists Battle of Trenton, 1776 Road to Independence Battle of Saratoga, 1777 “salutary neglect” Valley Forge, Baron von Steuben Whig ideology Articles of Confederation, 1777 writs of assistance, James Otis Franco-American Alliance, 1778 George Grenville, end of “salutary neglect” Yorktown, Lord Cornwallis Pontiac’s Rebellion, significance Treaty of Paris (1783) Proclamation of 1763 social impact of the war Currency Act, 1764 African Americans in the war Sugar Act, 1764 Women in the war, Abigail Adams Quartering Act, 1765 new state constitutions 3 APUSH ID's cont. Page 4 Articles of Confederation (“Critical Period”) Politics in the 1790s Societal changes after the revolution Bill of Rights adopted, 1791; know all 10! end to primogeniture, entail Judiciary Act, 1789 protests over Cincinnati Society President Washington disestablishment, Virginia Statute of Religious Vice-president Adams Freedom (1786) – Jefferson Cabinet, precedents Quaker abolitionism; Quock Walker case Hamilton vs. Jefferson in political philsophy Native Americans Hamilton's Financial Plan: (BE FAT) Republican Motherhood Assumption, Funding at Par, excise taxes, sovereignty, republicanism tariffs, BUS, arguments for & against features of state constitutions implied powers, elastic clause (“necessary and Maryland, cession of western land claims proper” clause) powers, strengths and weaknesses of Articles of loose construction, strict construction Confederation location of capital: logrolling, Dist. of Columbia Dey of Algiers Whiskey Rebellion, 1794 Pennsylvania militia routs Congress, 1783 Washington’s Farewell Address, significance Newburgh Conspiracy, 1783 election of 1796: Adams pres., Jefferson v.p. Land Ordinance of 1785 Two-party system Northwest Ordinance of 1787 Federlists vs. Democratic-Republicans proposed Jay-Gardoqui Treaty, 1785 party leaders and supporters Shays’ Rebellion, 1787 -- significance programs & philosophies Annapolis Conference: principle purpose, result views of foreign affairs 1780s depression “Mad” Anthony Wayne, Battle of Fallen Timbers Treaty of Greenville, 1795 Constitution Philadelphia Convention, 1787 Foreign Affairs in the 1790s Madison, “Father of the Constitution” French Revolution, “Reign of Terror” Virginia Plan, “Large State Plan” Neutrality Proclamation of 1793 New Jersey Plan, “Small State Plan” Citizen Genet Great Compromise (Connecticut Compromise) Jay Treaty of 1794, result 3/5's Compromise Pinckney Treaty (1795) end of slave trade in 1808 XYZ Affair, Talleyrand checks and balances, Montesquieu “Quasi-War”: undeclared naval w ar with Commerce Compromise France; Convention of 1800 Conservative safeguards, electoral college, Alien and Sedition Acts, 1798 election of Senators, appointments
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