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Border and Mobility – Kerr Et Al Urban Studies: Border and Mobility – Kerr et al. (Eds) © 2019 Taylor & Francis Group, London, ISBN 978-1-138-58034-3 Interagency collaborative team in broadcasting management at the border area of Sintang Regency, Indonesia L.H. Kurnia, I.W. Midhio & T.B. Prasetyo Indonesia Defense University, Bogor, West Java, Indonesia ABSTRACT: Sintang is one of the five border regencies in West Kalimantan. Its remote location makes this area to have limited access to information and communication. The Min- istry of Communication and Informatics of Indonesia as the leading sector in the develop- ment of access to information and communication has launched a program to solve this problem. However, the implementation of this program has not achieved the expected results due to weak coordination and program planning. Therefore, this study was conducted to formulate an integrated team and a special coordination channel in terms of broadcasting management on the border area. In this study, we use qualitative approach with field obser- vation, in-depth interview, and literature study to collect the research data. The result of this study formulated an Interagency Collaborative Team led by the Directorate General of PPI Kemenkominfo, which consists of broadcasting stakeholders. Keywords: information, communication, Sintang, broadcasting management 1 INTRODUCTION Sintang is one of the five border districts in West Kalimantan. The geographical structure of Sintang Regency, especially in the border area, includes hills and is dominated by production and protected forests (BPP Sintang, 2015: 2). This geographical structure is one of the obsta- cles to develop Sintang’s border area in the fields of access to transportation, health, educa- tion, and information communication. Therefore, National Agency of Border Management (BNPP) categorized Central Ketungau and Ketungau Hulu Sub-District in the development of priority locations for two periods, 2010–2014 and 2015–2019 (bnpp.go.id, 2016). From the perspective of strengthening the values of Indonesia and improving the national identity of the community on the border of Sintang Regency, the presence of Public Service Broadcasting (LPP) embedded with vision and mission is crucial. LPP TVRI and RRI as Public Service Broadcasting centers have special principles and functions in disseminating Indonesian values, reflecting diversity and national identity, being a flag carrier, unifying the nation, and providing access to all citizens (rri.co.id, 2016). These functions are in line with the statement of McQuail et al. (1992: 9) about Public Service Broadcasting that was designed to “serve the audience and social institutions within the national territory, center- peripheral in form of organization, expected to protect national language and culture and (however implicitly) to represent the national interest. As an aspect of their national charac- ter, broadcasting institutions were also usually monopolistic or quasi-monopolistic in their form of control”. In terms of establishment and maintenance of such a national identity, Public Service Broadcasting plays a vital role. Public Service Broadcasting Television has functions to contribute, formulate, and spread national culture in national integration, as well as to make the country a united nation, “making the nation as one man” (Reith, cited in Scannelll, 1990:23, cited in Bulck and Poecke, 1996: 224). The presence of LPP in Sintang Regency is represented by RRI Sintang that has been built since 2002 and relay station of TVRI. Unfortunately, the transmitter signal of the TVRI or 333 RRI Sintang tower has difficulty reaching all Sintang border societies due to obstruction by hilly land contours. To overcome this, the Ministry of Communication and Informat- ics of Indonesia (Kemenkominfo) in 2011 through Minister Instruction No. 01/INST/M. KOMINFO/03/2011 initiated a community radio program to reach areas that have diffi- culties in accessing information and network of TVRI and RRI. In its implementation, Kemenkominfo through Universal Service Obligation (KPU/USO) program designed nine programs to improve access to information and communication in the border area. However, these programs encountered several problems and constraints so that their main purposes have not been achieved. On the basis of previous research, Kurnia (2018) describes the complexity of broadcasting management problem in Sintang Regency, West Kalimantan. This study divides the factors hampering the development of information access through broadcast media into five key result areas that must be addressed for the achievement of information dissemination in the border region. These key result areas are planning, coor- dinating, implementation and monitoring programs, maximizing of broadcaster agencies, and regulation. On the basis of these key result areas, Kemenkominfo’s program determines the success of the implementation of the program in border areas. This study recommends setting up a special team and coordination line consisting of broadcasting stakeholders. Therefore, this paper aims to further elaborate this recommendation by using the interagency collaborative team concept on broadcasting management in Sintang Regency. 2 METHODOLOGY AND ANALYSIS TOOL In this study, we use qualitative research method by field observation, in-depth interview, and literature study to collect the research data. To analyze and process the results of field data, we use the concept of integrated collaborative team to analyze and provide input in the man- agement of broadcasting on the border so that dissemination of information can be accessed by all border communities, especially in Sintang Regency, West Kalimantan. The concept of integrated collaborative team “The ICT model is designed to enable organizations to work together in ways that generate the structural and process supports associated with successful implemen- tation and sustainment of innovations” (Hurlburt, et.al, 2014: 161). Interagency collaborative team (ICT) is a model designed to formulate multiple organizations or institutions to work together in a structural system that can support successful implementation and sustainability of the program. On the basis of the results of field research, it is necessary to have a team that integrates and collaborates stake- holders in the management of broadcasting on the border area. The formation of this team is aimed to make stakeholders, who previously did not coordinate well and talk, work together in accordance with the authority and responsibility. The main barriers to successful interagency collaboration are cultural barriers, procedural/ regulatory barriers, and personal barriers (Barnett, 1995: 74). Therefore, in order to achieve successful interagency collaboration, a special approach is needed, such as interagency collaborative team, as a means to communicate the strategic planning and collective visioning. 3 DISCUSSION As will be discussed in this paper, broadcasters include television and radio, which directly touch the border point of Sintang Regency and have a goal to channel the information needed by local residents as well as to distribute the Indonesian cultural values and national identity of Indonesia. These broadcasters are LPP RRI Sintang, Community Radio, which operated in Senaning-Ketungau Hulu, and LPP TVRI Pontianak Station. 334 3.1 RRI Sintang RRI Sintang, located in Oevang Oeray Road, Baning, Sintang, Indonesia, was established in 2002 with the aim to occupy the blank spot area that is not covered by RRI Central broad- cast. RRI Sintang is the first RRI established on the border of West Kalimantan, even long before RRI Entikong. Sintang is chosen because it is considered as a strategic location in the middle of West Kalimantan and directly adjacent to Sarawak, Malaysia. RRI Sintang is expected to foster a sense of nationality of the people in the border area by broadcasting data about Indonesia’s programs, information, and development (Ngatno, Head of RRI Sintang, 2016). RRI Sintang’s coverage is highly dependent on the size and power of the transmit- ter. The constraint currently facing RRI Sintang is strengthening of the RRI transmitter, which takes two times greater electric power than the power of the transmitter. On the basis of interviews with Head of RRI Sintang in February 2016, there has been no coordination with Kemenkominfo for the development and strengthening of RRI Sintang. The distance from Sintang to the border of Ketungau Hulu and Ketungau Tengah is an obstacle for RRI Sintang reporters to be able to present at the border. In addition to long distances, the risks are also a constraint. 3.2 TVRI station of Pontianak TVRI Station of Pontianak is a public broadcasting institution serving in the West Kaliman- tan area that covers the inland areas and border of Kalimantan. Currently, TVRI Station of Pontianak broadcasts terrestrially with relay transmitter station in more than 19 loca- tions in West Kalimantan. Until 2014, TVRI Pontianak Station could reach the border area only through satellite broadcasting. However, due to corruption cases conducted by West Kalimantan provincial officials related to the leasing of satellite transponders to expand the coverage of TVRI (Antaranews, 2014), TVRI Pontianak Station no longer receives the help of the West Kalimantan Provincial Government and can only broadcast terrestrially in the city of Pontianak with the duration of broadcast of only 4 hours per day. The cessation of satellite TVRI broadcasts in West Kalimantan
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