DOCSLIB.ORG

International Review of the Red Cross, May

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
International Review of the Red Cross, May MAY-JUNE 1996 THIRTY·SIXTH YEAR No. 312 Pfl{)PERTY OF U.S. ARMY RAl'S SCHOOL n£JUDGE ADVOCATE GENE LEMAY INTERNATIONAL • OF THE RED CROSS +c Published every two months by the International Committee of the Red Cross for the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement INTERNATIONAL COMMITTEE OF THE RED CROSS Mr. CORNELIO SOMMARUGA, Doctor of Laws of the University of Zurich, Doctor h.c. of Fribourg University (Switzerland), Minho University, Braga (Portugal), Bologna University (Italy), Nice-Sophia Antipolis University (France), and Seoul National University (Republic of Korea), Presidellt (member since 1986) Mr. PIERRE KELLER, Doctor of Philosophy in International Relations (Yale), banker, Vice-President (1984) . Mr. ERIC ROETHLISBERGER, Doctorate of Political Science from the Graduate Institute of International Studies in Geneva, Vice-President (1994) Mr. ULRICH GAUDENZ MIDDENDORP, Doctor of Medicine, lecturer at the Faculty of Medicine of Zuric\! University, former head of the surgical department of the Cantonal Hospital, Winterthur (1973) Mrs. RENEE GUISAN, General Secretary of the international Jnstitut de la Vie, head of medico-social institutions in the Canton of Vaud, member of the International Association for Volunteer Effort (1986) Mrs. ANNE PETITPIERRE, Doctor of Laws, Barrister, Professor at the Law Faculty of the University of Geneva (1987) Mr. PAOLO BERNASCONI, Barrister, LL. L., lecturer in fiscal law and economic climinal law at the Universities of SI. Gallen, Zurich and Milan.(Bocconi), former Public Prosecutor at Lugano Mrs. LISELOTTE KRAUS-GURNY, Doctor of Laws of the University of Zurich (1988) Mrs. SUSY BRUSCHWEILER, nurse, former Director of the Swiss Red Cross College of Nursing in Aarau, Chairwoman, SV-Service, Contract Catering (1988) Mr. JACQUES FORSTER, Doctor of Economics, Professor at the Graduate Institute of Development Studies in Geneva (1988) Mr. JACQUES MOREILLON, Bachelor of Laws, Doctor of Political Science, Secretary General of the World Organization of the Scout Movement, former Director General at the ICRC (1988) Mr. MAX DAETWYLER, graduate in Economics and Social Sciences of the University of Geneva, Scholar in Residence of the International Management Institute (lMI) of Geneva (1989) Mr. RODOLPHE DE HALLER, M. D., lecturer at the Faculty of Medicine of the. University of Geneva, President of the Swiss Association Against Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (1991) Mr. DANIEL THURER, LL. D., LL. M. (Cambridge), Professor at the University of Zurich (1991) Mrs. FRANCESCA POMETTA, Bachelor of Arts, former Swiss Ambassador (1991) Mr. JEAN-FRAN<;OIS AUBERT, LL. D., Professor at the University of Neuchiltel, former member of the Swiss National Council and Council of States (1993) Mr. JOSEF FELDMANN, Ph.D., tenured professor at the University of SI. Gallen, Corps Commander (Rtd.) of the Swiss army (1993) Mrs. LILIAN UCHTENHAGEN, Doctor of Economics of the University of Basel, former member of the Swiss National Council (1993) Mr. GEORGES-ANDRE CUENDET, Bachelor of Laws of the University of Geneva, graduate of the Institute of Political Studies of the University of Paris, M.A. from Stanford University (USA), member of the Administrative Council of Cologny, Geneva (1993) Mr. ERNST A. BRUGGER, Doctor in economic geography, general manager of FUNDES, Private Foundation for Sustainable Development, consultant for economic development issues, professor at Zurich University (1995) EXECUTIVE BOARD Mr. CORNELIO SOMMARUGA, President Mr. ERIC ROETHLISBERGER, permanent Mr. JEAN DE COURTEN, Director of Vice-President Operations Mr. JACQUES FORSTER, member ofthe JCRC Mr. PETER FUCHS, Director General Mrs. ANNE PETITPIERRE, member ofthe JCRC Mr. YVES SANDOZ, Directorfor Principles, Law and Relations with the Movement The International Committee ofthe Red Cross (ICRC) and the International Federation ofRed Cross and Red Crescent Societies, together with the National Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies, form the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement. The ICRC, which gave rise to the Movement, is an independent humanitarian institution. As a neutral intermediary in the event of armed conflict or unrest it endeavours, on its own initiative or on the basis of the Geneva Conventions, to bring protection and assistance to the victims of international and non-inter­ national armed conflict and internal disturbances and tension. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF THE RED CROSS MAY-JUNE 1996 CONTENTS No. 312 A note from the Editor 271 New Protocol on Blinding Laser Weapons by Louise Doswald-Beck 272 Fyodor Fyodorovich Martens (1845-1909) ­ a humanist of modern times by Vladimir Pustogarov 300 The Esperantist Movement's humanitarian activities in the two World Wars and its relationship with the International Red Cross by Jose Marfa Rodrfguez Hernandez 315 INTERNATIONAL COMMITTEE OF THE RED CROSS Three ICRC delegates killed in Burundi 323 Faced with today's and tomorrow's challenges, should the International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement rethink its code of ethics? by Eric Roethlisberger 326 The regional delegations of the International Committee of the Red Cross by Jean-Luc Blondel 331 The ICRC's Advisory Service on International Humanitarian Law: the challenge of national implementation by Paul Berman 338 National workshop on the implementation of international humanitarian law in Namibia (MidgardResort, 21-23 February 1996) 348 Now back in Liberia, ICRC calls for fundamental reappraisal JCRC Press Release of 22 April J996.............................................. 351 269 Liberia: humanitarian logistics in question by Jean-Daniel Tauxe 352 JCRC appeals for respect for civilian population in Lebanon and northern Israel JCRC Press Release of J6 April 1996 355 IN THE RED CROSS AND RED CRESCENT WORW A look at the Red Cross of Viet Nam by Dr Nguyen Van Noi 357 Mali: women and war 360 REPORTS AND DOCUMENTS Third Session of the Review Conference of States Parties to the 1980 United Nations Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons (CCW) - Geneva, 22 April-3 May 1996 by Peter Herby 361 Protocol on Prohibitions or Restrictions on the Use of Mines, Booby­ Traps and Other Devices as Amended on 3 May 1996 (Proto­ col II as amended on 3 May 1996) 369 Bosnia and Herzegovina: tracing missing persons by Christophe Girod 387 Accession to the Protocols by the Commonwealth of Dominica 392 Colombia: Declaration in accordance with Article 90 of Protocol I 392 BOOKS AND REVIEWS Claude Emanuelli, Les actions militaires de l'ONU et le droit interna­ tional humanitaire by Georges P. Politakis 393 A.P.V. Rogers, Laws on the Battlefied by Bruno Doppler 397 Rony Brauman, Le dilemme humanitaire. Entretien avec Philippe Petit by Jean-Franrois Berger 399 Recent publications 402 MISCELLANEOUS The Paul Reuter Prize 406 IHL CD-ROM 408 270 A note from the Editor Last year, international humanitarian law experts gave special thought to Fyodor Fyodorovich Martens (1845-J909) on the J50th an­ niversary of his birth. The Review is pleased to include in this issue an article about that renowned authority on international law. Jt is written by Professor Vladimir Pustogarov, a well-known Russian scholar whose works include a biography ofMartens (as yet available only in Russian). The Review also hopes that publication ofhis article will pave the way for a further extension of its relations with the Russian-speaking world. The Review Conference ofthe J980 United Nations Weapons Conven­ tion, which ended on 3 May last. produced two specific results. Louise Doswald-Beck reports on the development and scope of the new Protocol N prohibiting the use ofblinding laser weapons in war, a very commendable achievement. The other, less commendable, result of the Review Conference is dealt with by Peter Herby in his report on the revision of Protocol II on mines, and the failure of the representatives of the States party to the Convention to agree on a satisfactory text. As a result oftheir failure, the law still provides civilians in particular with no effective protection against the scourge of those cruel devices. In his article, Paul Berman describes the organization and work of the JCRC's new Advisory Service on international humanitarian law, set up to help implement the recommendations of the J993 Conference for tlu Protection of War Victims and thereby promote greater compliance with the Geneva Conventions in all armed conflicts. Finally, it is the Review's sad duty to report the killing ofthree JCRC delegates on 4 June last in Burundi, when an JCRC convoy came under fire. Three young men who sought to bring some small measure of hu­ manity to that tormented country paidfor their dedication with their lives. The JCRC has had to suspend its work in Burundi, as the red cross emblem obviously no longer provides the guarantee ofprotection essential for its delegates' activities. A lamentable fact in a lamentable situation. The Review 271 New Prot<;>col on Blinding Laser Weapons by Louise Doswald-Beck Introduction On 13 October 1995, the first Review Conference of the 1980 Con­ vention on Certain Conventional Weaponsl (CCW) adopted during its first session in Vienna2 a new fourth Protocol entitled "Protocol on Blinding Laser Weapons".3 The 1980 Convention comprises a framework Conven­ tion (containing technical provisions such as applicability, entry into force and amendment) and annexed Protocols containing the substantive rules relating to certain weapons.4 Although many weapons had been discussed during the preparatory stages of this Convention,
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Numero 8, Junio–Julio 2018 Al La Tuta
    Numero 8, Junio–Julio 2018 Al la tuta mondo: Bonvenon al la verda Gotenburgo ! Bonvolu viziti nian retpaĝon: www.esperanto-gbg.org Enhavo Paĝo 2. Enhavo. 17. Senlime en Kungahälla. Pri Ora Ĵurnalo. Kungahälla. 3. Espeporko informas. Oriente ĉe la rivero. Sommardagar i Göteborg – pröva en 18. Klosterkullen. intensivkurs i Esperanto 2018. ”Konungahælla Ytri”. 4. Esperanto ĉe la Roskilde-festivalo. 19. Ragnhildsholmen. Esperantofestival den 13–19 juli på La trireĝa renkontiĝo. Esperanto-Gården och Folkets Hus i 20. Upupo. Lesjöfors, Värmland. Vortludo de Monica Eissing. Somera programo en Grésillon. Anekdoto (el 1904). 5. Valdemar Langlet – forgesita heroo. 21. Pentekosto en la preĝejo de Angered. 6. Paret Langlet. 22. En vänlig grönskas rika dräkt. Ps. 201. 7. Skandinava Esperanto-kongreso memore 23. La 100-jara jubileo de la unua landa al la unua Skandinava kongreso, kiu kunveno de la sameoj. okazis 1918 en Gotenburgo. 24. Svenska teckenspråkets dag – La tago de 8. La jarkunsido de SEF sur la ŝipo Pearl la sveda signolingvo, 14 majo. Seaways, la 11an de majo. 25. Gejunuloj el Ukrainio vizitis Goteburgon. 9. Ana Cumbelic Rössum – interparolo sur 26. ”Esperanto – ett påhitt”. la ŝipo. Vad säger de om esperanto på Twitter? 10. Pliaj renkontoj sur la ŝipo. 27. Kia estas averaĝa Esperantisto? 11. Jens Larsen – ĉiĉeronis nin en 28. Kresko – Ora Ĵurnalos motsvarighet i Kopenhago. Kroatien. El ”Finaj vortoj” de Jens Larsen post la Recenzo de ”Adam Smith – vivo kaj ĉiĉeronado. verko” de Bo Sandelin. 13. Tri interesaj prelegantoj el Norvegio. 29. Miljöpartiet och esperanto. 14. En la katedralo Karl Johan en Oslo. Esperantista verkisto kiel kandidato por Debato en la revuo NU (liberala) 24an de la Nobel-Premio pri literaturo? majo 2018.
    [Show full text]
  • Harmony of Babel Harmony of Babel Profiles of Famous Polyglots of Europe
    In the late 1980s the distinguished interpreter Kató Lomb researched historical and contemporary lomb polyglots in an effort to understand their linguistic feats. Among her fellow polyglots she asked: “When can we say we know a language?” “Which is the most important language skill: grammar, vocabulary, or good pronunciation?” harmony “What method did you use to learn languages?” “Has it ever happened to you that you started learning a language, but could not cope with it?” of “What connection do you see between age and babel language learning?” “Are there ‘easy’ and ‘difficult,’ ‘rich’ and ‘poor,’ ‘beautiful’ and ‘less beautiful’ languages?” :Europe Polyglots of Famous of Profiles “What is multilingualism good for?” The answers Lomb collected from her interlocutors are singular and often profound. Grounded in real-world experience, they will be of interest to linguaphiles who are seeking to supplement their theoretical knowledge of language learning. kató lomb (1909–2003) was called “possibly HARMONY the most accomplished polyglot in the world” by linguist Stephen Krashen. One of the pioneers of simultaneous interpreting, Lomb worked in 16 languages in her native Hungary and abroad. She wrote several books on language and language of BABEL learning in the 1970s and 1980s. Profiles of Famous Polyglots of Europe http://tesl-ej.org KATÓ LOMB berkeley · kyoto HARMONY of BABEL HARMONY of BABEL profiles of famous polyglots of europe KATÓ LOMB Translated from the Hungarian by Ádám Szegi Edited by Scott Alkire tesl-ej Publications Berkeley, California & Kyoto, Japan Originally published in Hungary as Bábeli harmónia (Interjúk Európa híres soknyelvű embereivel) by Gondolat, Budapest, in 1988.
    [Show full text]
  • Esperanto, Civility, and the Politics of Fellowship: A
    ESPERANTO, CIVILITY, AND THE POLITICS OF FELLOWSHIP: A COSMOPOLITAN MOVEMENT FROM THE EASTERN EUROPEAN PERIPHERY A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate School of the University of Notre Dame in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy by Ana Velitchkova Omar Lizardo, Director Graduate Program in Peace Studies and Sociology Notre Dame, Indiana July 2014 © Copyright by ANA MILENOVA VELITCHKOVA 2014 All rights reserved ESPERANTO, CIVILITY, AND THE POLITICS OF FELLOWSHIP: A COSMOPOLITAN MOVEMENT FROM THE EASTERN EUROPEAN PERIPHERY Abstract by Ana Velitchkova This dissertation examines global, regional, state-, group-, and person-level processes involved in the growth of the movement formed around the constructed international language Esperanto. The Esperanto movement emerged in the global arena in the late nineteenth century as a response to inequalities in the nation-state field. In the course of several decades, the movement established a new global field based on the logic of equal communication through Esperanto and on the accumulation of cultural capital. While the field gained autonomy from the nation-state field, it has not been recognized as its equal. Persons endowed with cultural capital but lacking political and economic capital have been particularly drawn to Esperanto. Ironically, while attempting to overcome established unfair distinctions based on differential accumulation of political and economic capital, the Esperanto movement creates and maintains new distinctions and inequalities based on cultural capital accumulation. Ana Velitchkova At the regional level, the Esperanto movement became prominent in state- socialist Eastern Europe in the second half of the twentieth century. The movement found unexpected allies among independent states in the Eastern European periphery.
    [Show full text]
  • Language Attitudes Among Esperanto Speakers Varia
    146 VARIA / MISCellANEOUS Język. Komunikacja. Informacja Ilona Koutny, Ida Stria (red./ed.) 12/2017: 146–158 Ida Stria Language attitudes among Esperanto speakers Abstrakt (Postawy językowe użytkowników esperanto). Esperanto jest planowym mię- dzynarodowym językiem pomocniczym, skonstruowanym przez L.L. Zamenhofa i wydanym w 1887 r. Mimo że został stworzony, aby ułatwić komunikację międzynarodową, stał się narzędziem samoidentyfikacji. Niniejszy artykuł ma na celu opisanie postaw językowych, które formują się w esperanckiej wspólnocie językowej oraz wykazanie, że te postawy kształtują tę społeczność. Abstract. Esperanto is a planned international auxiliary language, constructed by L.L. Za- menhof and published in 1887. Although created to facilitate international communication, it has become a tool of self-identification. This paper aims to describe language attitudes formed in the Esperanto speech community and to demonstrate that these attitudes shape the community. Introduction Esperanto is an international auxiliary language initiated in 1887. Over the years it has developed into a full-fledged language with a robust speech community (see Blanke 2001; Duličenko 2001; Stria 2015). Esperanto speakers use it not only as a simple mode of intercultural communication; they develop the language and form their identity through it. This paper deals with some aspects of this community, discussing language attitu- des and their consequences for the speakers. It is argued that Esperanto, in the begin- ning meant to serve as a language to ease international communication, is no longer primarily so used. Although Esperanto speakers very often boast knowledge of more than one native and various foreign languages, Esperanto itself is usually not counted among “foreign” languages, but rather as a means of self-identification.
    [Show full text]
  • 6 Raoul Wallenberg Arresteras
    6 Raoul Wallenberg arresteras 6.1 Pilkorsväldet oktober till december 1944 Svenska beskickningen i Budapest hårt ansatt December 1944 var en kritisk månad, inte bara för legationen i Moskva, utan desto mer för legationen i Budapest. Den humanitära aktionen för skydd av judarna hade intensifierats efter pilkorsarnas maktövertagande i mitten av oktober och kom under december månad att nå sin största omfattning. 15–20 000 judar innehade vid årsskiftet 1944–45 olika typer av skyddshandlingar utfärdade av den svenska legationen. Samtidigt försämrades emellertid legationens möjligheter att ge aktivt bistånd åt de judar som innehade svenska skyddspass. Pil- korsregeringen under Szálasi aviserade, kort efter kuppen den 15 oktober 1944, att man framgent inte ämnade respektera de tidi- gare ungerska regeringarnas utfästelser gällande de svenska skydds- dokumenten (HP 21 Eu, 18/10-1944). Wallenberg lyckades emellertid därefter i förhandlingar med pilkorsarnas utrikesminister baron Kémeny utverka att den nya regimen trots allt skulle respek- tera innehavarna av svenska skyddsdokument. Från pilkorsarnas sida var man dock angelägen om att få ett svenskt erkännande av den nya regimen (HP 21 Eu, 22/10-1944). Från UD:s sida hade man dock redan den 19 oktober 1944 avise- rat att något erkännande av den nya regimen ”givetvis [inte kunde] ställas i utsikt” (HP 21 Eu, 19/10-1944). Dagen efter, den 20 okto- ber, informerades Tjernysjev, som nämnts, av von Post att man från svensk sida vägrade erkänna pilkorsregimen. Den ungerska legationspersonalen i Stockholm anmodades kort härefter att utrymma sina beskickningslokaler. 171 Raoul Wallenberg arresteras SOU 2003:18 Kamp mot klockan De följande veckorna under det sista kvartalet 1944 präglades av en nervpåfrestande kamp mot klockan där det gällde att så långt möj- ligt förhala ett svenskt erkännande utan att respekten för de av beskickningen utfärdade skyddsdokumenten helt undergrävdes.
    [Show full text]
  • 11 1/ Kopenhago Invitas 37 (P. )
    Driemaandelijkstijdschrift Afgiftekantoor: AntwerpenX.ISSN1013-2031 Jarkolekto41 -trimonata 111/ Redaktakomitato: József Németh(red.) LuizaCarol Luigi aOberrauchMadella RobMoerbeek Kunlaborantoj delaaktualanumero: JosiasBarboza DetlevBlanke NeilBlonstein RenatoCorsetti MichelDucGoninaz AgnetaEmanuelsson RonaldGlossop Isikawa Tieko MałgosiaKomarnicka KatalinKováts StefanMacGill RadojicaPetrović Ileana Schrøder HumphreyTonkin Kopenhagoinvitas 37(p. ) ENHAVO Stefan MAC GILL : Novjaraj – mezmandataj – meditoj ..........................................3 Detlev BLANKE : Ĉu instrui nur la lingvon? ..........................................................7 Michel DUC GONINAZ : Pri la leksika sistemo de Esperanto ...............................14 Karaj KER-ekzamenoj (Fulmintervjuo kun Katalin KOVÁTS ).............................. 18 Renato CORSETTI : Instruado de Esperanto en lernejoj ........................................21 Stefan MAC GILL : Epokfara lernopaka ĵo (recenzo pri la libro de J. Barboza) ..... 24 Humphrey TONKIN : Lingva lojaleco kaj E-o: okazinta ĵo en Novjorko ................ 26 Ronald GLOSSOP : Raporto pri instrua voja ĝo al Ĉinio en 2010... ........................ 30 El la landoj kaj sekcioj (HU, JP, PL, SE) .......................................................... 33 44-a konferenco de ILEI, Kopenhago 2011 (pliaj informoj) (R. PETROVI Ć)......... 37 Informoj pri ILEI, adresaro de la Sekcioj kaj Reprezentantoj ..............................41 ESTRARO DE LA LIGO Prezidanto : Stefan MAC GILL , Pannónia u. 30.I.6, HU-1136
    [Show full text]
  • Hoofdblad IE 31 December 2020
    Nummer 53/20 31 december 2020 Nummer 53/20 2 31 december 2020 Inleiding Introduction Hoofdblad Patent Bulletin Het Blad de Industriële Eigendom verschijnt The Patent Bulletin appears on the 3rd working op de derde werkdag van een week. Indien day of each week. If the Netherlands Patent Office Octrooicentrum Nederland op deze dag is is closed to the public on the above mentioned gesloten, wordt de verschijningsdag van het blad day, the date of issue of the Bulletin is the first verschoven naar de eerstvolgende werkdag, working day thereafter, on which the Office is waarop Octrooicentrum Nederland is geopend. Het open. Each issue of the Bulletin consists of 14 blad verschijnt alleen in elektronische vorm. Elk headings. nummer van het blad bestaat uit 14 rubrieken. Bijblad Official Journal Verschijnt vier keer per jaar (januari, april, juli, Appears four times a year (January, April, July, oktober) in elektronische vorm via www.rvo.nl/ October) in electronic form on the www.rvo.nl/ octrooien. Het Bijblad bevat officiële mededelingen octrooien. The Official Journal contains en andere wetenswaardigheden waarmee announcements and other things worth knowing Octrooicentrum Nederland en zijn klanten te for the benefit of the Netherlands Patent Office and maken hebben. its customers. Abonnementsprijzen per (kalender)jaar: Subscription rates per calendar year: Hoofdblad en Bijblad: verschijnt gratis Patent Bulletin and Official Journal: free of in elektronische vorm op de website van charge in electronic form on the website of the Octrooicentrum
    [Show full text]
  • The Story of Ludwik Zamenhof and Esperanto
    Is It P ossible for A ll P eople to Speak th e Sam e Language? The Story of Ludw ik Zamenhof and Esperanto Federico Gobbo (Am sterdam / Torino) PO LIN Museum , 14 Decem ber ( ursday), 6 PM, free adm ission Abstract First, we will see the pillars of Zam enhof's thinking and why his linguistic project a$racted the Esperanto pioneers. Then, we will move on the contem porary days, looking to the m otivations of today’s speakers and their aspirations for the present and future of Esperanto. About the lecturer Lecture by Professor Federico Gobbo from University of Am sterdam . Federico Gobbo is Full Professor at the University of Amsterdam, holding the Special Chair in Interlinguistics and Esperanto, and teaching fellow in Language Planning and Planned Language at the University of Torino (Italy). He is a leading scholar in the analysis of the Esperanto phenom enon and language, including Zam enhof’s heritage in th e E s p e ra n to c o m m u n ity o f p ra c tic e . About the lecture Lecture delivered in English with simultaneous translation into Polish. The lecture is organized within the Global Education Outreach Program . The lecture was made possible thanks to the support of the Taube Foundation for Jew ish L ife & C u ltu re, th e W illia m K . B o w es, Jr. F o u n d a tio n , a n d th e A sso cia tio n o f th e Jew ish H isto rica l In stitu te of P o lan d .
    [Show full text]
  • What Happened in Cairo?1
    1 What happened in Cairo?1 C.G.McKay In 1982, Carl Ivan Danielsson, formerly Swedish Minister in Budapest during World War II , was named as one of the Righteous by Yad Vashem.2 Recognition of his work in assisting the Jews of Hungary came two years after that of his junior colleague Per Anger and considerably after that of Raoul Wallenberg (1963) and of Valdemar and Nina Langlet (1965). Although the decision process of the Yad Vashem committee remains secret, it is perhaps not too hard to discern a reason for these dates. Wallenberg and the Langlets had after all been much more actively involved in the rescue attempts and there were many Jews still alive due to their exertions who could testify to their work at “the sharp end”. By contrast, Danielsson had remained very much Head of Mission. Nonetheless Danielsson loyally supported the activities of his juniors Anger and Wallenberg and was noteworthy in personally signing many of the protective documents issued.3 Nor would it be true to say that his contribution lay simply in his signature. Danielsson was personally involved for example in the case of the Eismann sisters.4 Finally, instead of moving from Budapest at the suggestion of the Hungarian authorities, Danielsson chose to stay in the capital bis zum bittern Ende thus providing important moral support for Wallenberg and his activities. Despite these merits, there are still some puzzling features about the curious silence which surrounds Danielsson. The oddity has been well summed up by Göran Rydeberg: 1 © C.G.McKay, 2010 2 Lars Berg was made one of the Righteous the same year.
    [Show full text]
  • Psychological Reactions to Esperanto
    ISSN 0165-2575 PSYCHOLOGICAL REACTIONS TO ESPERANTO Esperanto Documents 42A Rotterdam 1994 Esperanto Documents describe the work, organization, culture and history of the movement for the adoption of the international language Esperanto as a second language for international use. They are published in Esperanto, English and French. The series replaces those documents of the Centre for Research and Documentation on the Language Problem which dealt with the Esperanto movement. Reproduction and translation of this document are permitted provided that the source is cited. Subscriptions (covering the next ten documents in the English series) are available for Hfl. 47,50 (postage included) from the publisher, Universal Esperanto Association, Nieuwe Binnenweg 176, 3015 BJ Rotterdam, Netherlands. Single issues cost Hfl. 4,80 each, plus 10% for shipping and, in the European Union, 6% for VAT. Special prices are available for bulk orders. Esperanto Documents, number 42A (1994) PSYCHOLOGICAL REACTIONS TO ESPERANTO Claude Piron 1. Differing reactions To a psychologist investigating reactions to the word “Esperanto” two facts are immediately apparent: a high percentage of those invited to give their opinion have a great deal to say about it; and they regard as self-evident, and in many cases cite without prompting, various statements which are contrary to verifiable reality, for example: “no one has ever written a novel straight into Esperanto”, “Esperanto is a language no one speaks”, “there are no children who have it as the mother tongue”, etc. Such convictions are well illustrated by a reader’s letter in Time magazine from Peter Wells of Singapore: Esperanto has no cultural history, no indigenous literature and no monolinguals or even first-language speakers.
    [Show full text]
  • Coolification and Language Vitality: the Case of Esperanto
    UvA-DARE (Digital Academic Repository) Coolification and Language Vitality: The Case of Esperanto Gobbo, F. DOI 10.3390/languages6020093 Publication date 2021 Document Version Final published version Published in Languages License CC BY Link to publication Citation for published version (APA): Gobbo, F. (2021). Coolification and Language Vitality: The Case of Esperanto. Languages, 6(2), [93]. https://doi.org/10.3390/languages6020093 General rights It is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), other than for strictly personal, individual use, unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons). Disclaimer/Complaints regulations If you believe that digital publication of certain material infringes any of your rights or (privacy) interests, please let the Library know, stating your reasons. In case of a legitimate complaint, the Library will make the material inaccessible and/or remove it from the website. Please Ask the Library: https://uba.uva.nl/en/contact, or a letter to: Library of the University of Amsterdam, Secretariat, Singel 425, 1012 WP Amsterdam, The Netherlands. You will be contacted as soon as possible. UvA-DARE is a service provided by the library of the University of Amsterdam (https://dare.uva.nl) Download date:27 Sep 2021 languages Article Coolification and Language Vitality: The Case of Esperanto Federico Gobbo Amsterdam Center for Language and Communication, University of Amsterdam, 1012 VB Amsterdam, The Netherlands; [email protected] Abstract: Despite experiencing a relatively positive revival in the digital age, Esperanto and the assessment of its language vitality is often problematic and prone to gross errors; therefore, a theoretical reflection is required.
    [Show full text]
  • Valdemar Langlet and the "Grateful" Budapest
    VALDEMAR LANGLET AND THE "GRATEFUL" BUDAPEST The Swede journalist Valdemar Langlet (1872-1960) lived with his wife Nina (1896-1988) in Budapest from 1932. Valdemar lectured in Swedish at the university. His wife, of Russian descent, gave piano lessons. They acquired a good grasp of Hungarian, had a wide circle of acquaintances, took part in society affairs and had outstanding connections within the "upper crust". The Langlets were Esperantists. Nina, a member of the esperantist Russian Borovko family, became famous with her connection to Zamenhof, Valdemar, on the other hand, was the first president of the Swedish Esperanto Society. He first came to Budapest in 1902, making contact with the newly-formed Hungarian Esperanto Society, then indulging his favourite pastime of horse-riding in the Hortobágy. He came to Hungary for the second time in 1931 to criss-cross the country during the course of a horse-riding tour. The book of his journey ("On Horseback Through Hungary") which appeared in Swedish and English, devoted much space to the "praiseworthy past" of the country, as well as acquainting the readers with 40 historical people. A special chapter dealt with Trianon, the "injustice inflicted on Greater Hungary". He identified with the feelings and irrational approach suggested by the irredentist propaganda. "It cannot be that so many hearts shed so much blood in vain…..No, no, never!" was the final sentence in an article he wrote for a Hungarian newspaper. ("1100 kilometres in the Saddle", in Pesti Hirlap Vasárnapja March 23, 1932) When he then realised that irredentism was leading to a policy of war, he confined his activities to fostering Swedish/Hungarian relations.
    [Show full text]