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Influence of Process Parameters on the Properties of Friction-Spun Yarns
Indian Journal of Fibre & Textile Research Vol.18,March 1993,pp.14-l9 Influence of process parameters on the properties of friction-spun yarns A R Padmanabhan & N Ramakrishnan The South India Textile Research Association, Coimbatore 641 014, India Received 9 June 1992; revised received 23 October 1992; accepted 24 November 1992 The effects of spinning drum speed, yam delivery rate, core-wrapper ratio and number of wrapper slivers on the quality characteristics of yams spun on a laboratory model DREF-3 friction spinning ma- chine have been studied. It is observed that by and large, drum speed and per cent wrapper fibres deter- mine the yarn tenacity while the delivery rate and the per cent core fibre content influence the yam un- evenness. Keywords: Carding drum, Drum speed, Friction-spun yarn, Yarn tenacity, Unevenness, Wrapper fibres t Introduction drafting unit II with different core-to-wrapper ratios The quality of the yarn obtained from any spinn- and at different delivery rates. ing system depends on the quality of raw material In each count, 12 yarn samples, three for each of used as well as on the process parameters employed the four process variables, were produced by suit- during spinning. Friction spinning is no exception to ably altering the spinning parameters as listed in this. While many research workers have studied in Table 2. While varying the parameters, care was tak- detail the influence of process variables on yarn en to ensure that only one parameter was changed at quality in both ring and rotor spinning, such an in- a time, keeping the other three at the following opti- formation with regard to friction spinning appears mum level as suggested by the manufacturer. -
Start Spinning: Everything You Need to Know to Make Great Yarn Ebook
START SPINNING: EVERYTHING YOU NEED TO KNOW TO MAKE GREAT YARN PDF, EPUB, EBOOK Maggie Casey | 120 pages | 01 Apr 2008 | Interweave Press Inc | 9781596680654 | English | Loveland, CO, United States Start Spinning: Everything You Need to Know to Make Great Yarn PDF Book To make two-ply yarn, take two singles strands or both ends of the same strand , attach them both to your spindle, and twist them around each other in the opposite direction from how you originally spun them. When you spin, you put twist into fibres so that they hold together to form a continuous thread. Navajo Plying - Making a three-ply yarn 8. Designed to appeal to the beginning spinner, tips and hints are provided that illustrate how easy, enjoyable, and relaxing spinning can be. When I was in Kenya, women spun Romney wool chiefly "in the grease," but it often locked in large amounts of dirt in the process. Spin spin spin! Covers fiber characteristics, preparation and spinning, choosing a wheel, and crafting the finished yarn into useful and attractive pieces. I Made It! Leave the original loop of fiber anchored on the spindle hook. Description If you are a knitter or crocheter looking to take the step from just using manufactured yarn to making your own this is a great book to get you started. A bunch of loose fibers will fall apart if you pull on their ends. Launching a Patreon! First and foremost, you want a balanced drop spindle that spins true. Either one will do just fine to learn on. It is also much easier to learn to spin wool than silk, or cotton and other vegetable fibres. -
Framework Knitting and the Hosiery Trade
BELPER TOWN CENTRE FRAMEWORK KNITTING AND THE HOSIERY TRADE DERWENT VALLEY VISITOR CENTRE The partnership between Brettle and Ward was dissolved and George Brettles built his own factory Framework Knitting in 1834. These two firms were of considerable size. They made silk stockings for George III, George IV and Queen Victoria. and the Ward’s ceased trading in the 1930’s and Brettles in 1987. Many smaller hosiery firms provided work for local people and these were scattered around the Hosiery trade town. All these factories have closed except for Aristoc which now operates across the road in the West Mill. Circular knitting slowly superseded flatbed knitting, as it was more efficient. Today all hosiery is made this way. For more information visit Strutt’s North Mill, The Derwent Valley Visitor Centre Bridgefoot, Belper, Derbyshire, DE56 1YD Tel: 01773 880474 / 0845 5214347 BELPER NORTH MILL Email: [email protected] www.belpernorthmill.org.uk Local Interest Leaflet The existing part of Brettles factory, now De Bradelei Stores Leaflet design by Mayers Design Ltd · www.mayers-design.co.uk Number 3 Framework knitters earned a poor living, usually their on by hand. After a brief partnership with two Derby frames were hired from the hosier who was supplying hosiers, Jedediah formed a successful partnership with the yarn and selling the stockings. The framework Samuel Need, an older, experienced hosier from knitter would have to pay the rent for the frame Nottingham who was able to finance the venture. This even when there was no work. The machines were made Jedediah Strutt’s first fortune. -
Consumption on the Woolen System and Worsted Combing
CORE Metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk Provided by SNHU Academic Archive Consumption on the Woolen System and Worsted Combing: 2002 Issued June 2003 Summary MQ313D(02)-5 Current Industrial Reports Current data are released electronically on Internet and STAT-USA by subscription. The Internet for all individual surveys as they become avail- address is: www.stat-usa.gov/. Follow the able. Use: http://www.census.gov/mcd/. prompts to register. Also, you may call Individual reports can be accessed by choosing 202-482-1986 or 1-800-STAT-USA, for "Current Industrial Reports (CIR)," clicking on further information. "CIRs by Subsector;" then choose the survey of interest. Follow the menu to view the PDF file or For general CIR information, explanation of to download the worksheet file (WK format) to general terms and historical note, see the your personal computer. appendix. These data are also available on Internet through the U.S. Department of Commerce Address inquiries concerning these data to Consumer Goods Industries Branch, Manufacturing and Construction Division (MCD), Washington, DC 20233- 6900, or call Robert Lee, 301-763-4637. For mail or fax copies of this publication, please contact the Information Services Center, MCD, Washington, DC 20233-6900, or call 301-763-4673. U S C E N S U S B U R E A U U.S. Department of Commerce Economics and Statistics Administration Helping You Make Informed Decisions U.S. CENSUS BUREAU Table 1. Summary of Fibers Consumed in Woolen Spinning and Worsted Combing: 1998 to 2002 [Thousands -
Spinning Machinery
panty portion of support pantyhose. Future development HFP of Heberlein Maschinenfabrik AG had been develop- of air covering machine might be focused on the improve- ed as an interlacer and has been put to practical use. Since ment of nozzle in order to get even entanglement appro- it is effective for air covering, it has been supplied to air priate strength and less air consumption. covering machines of ICBT International land Guidici. In addition, a new type nozzle, called "BCF-JET", used for 7. Other Related Machineries and Equipments thick carpet yarn of 1,000 - 12,000 dtex was also ex- hibited. The shape of a slit of V-Jet exhibited by Fiber- An exhibition of machinery and equipments related to guide Limited is featured by easy processing of yarn, and manufacturing machine for chemical and synthetic fiber less accumulation of dirt. It has been put to practical use varied widely from spinnerets to measuring instrument. for air covering as well as non-sizing texturing and air Such as suction guns, false-twisting friction disk unit, mixing texturing. magnet spindles, air jet nozzles, yarn guides, rubber apron/roller etc. and measuring instruments. (3) Measuring Instruments for Filament Yarn Some exhibits are briefly summarized as follows: There were many other exhibits from manufacturers of testing instruments introducing a variety of measuring (1) Suction Guns instruments, on-line measurements, quality control An air sucker is generally used for yarn suction in systems according to the importance of quality control package mounting onto take-up winders and other similar complying with diversity of end-uses and high quality. -
Spininnovation
No. 24 07.2008 € INNOVATION 5,– SPIN THE MAGAZINE FOR SPINNING MILLS COREflex® – Core Yarn Attachment for Ring Spinning Machines ACP Quality Package Premium Parts – News HP-GX 5010 New Top Weighting Arms Mill Reports: – Nahar, India – Danmao, China Berkol – Part of Bräcker Wilhelm Stahlecker GmbH CONTENTS Editorial 3 COREflex® – Spinning Soft Core Yarn on Ring and Compact Spinning Machines 5 Yarn Quality Improved by ACP Quality Package 9 Premium Parts – News – Metal Washer for Magnetic Navals – CR-Coating for B 174 and B 20 SOLIDRINGS – ProFiL®Navels 15 The Theory of Compacting 19 BERKOL® – Becomes Part of Bräcker AG, Switzerland 21 NAHAR – A Saga from Farm to Fashion 23 Experience with EliTe® and EliTwist®CompactSet – A Practical Assessment , Nahar Industries, India 25 Manufacture of the SUESSEN Technology Components 27 Produce More and Better High Grade Worsted Fashion Fabric – Danmao Spinning Mills, China 31 HP-GX 5010 – The Top Weighting Arm for Worsted Spinning 36 Wilhelm Stahlecker GmbH (WST) – Centre for Research and Development 40 SUESSEN Customer Survey 2007 44 News 46 Advertisement: – Graf, Switzerland 47 – SUESSEN Product Range 48 Impressum No. 24 – July 2008 Published by Reprint of articles with reference Price : € 5.– Spindelfabrik Suessen GmbH permitted – Voucher copies desired Publication : once per year Dammstrasse 1, D-73079 Süssen, All rights reserved Information & Advertising Contact: Germany Spindelfabrik Suessen GmbH SPINNOVATION, Germany Editor in Chief : Peter Stahlecker fax + 49 (0) 71 62 15-367 Title registered® at German Patent Front Cover : e-mail: [email protected] Office EliCoreTwist® – EliTwist®CompactSet internet: www.suessen.com Copyright © 2008 with COREflex ® 2 SPINNOVATION No. -
This Is Why Iknit
INSIDE THIS ISSUE: THIS IS WHY I KNIT Meet Your Guild Members 2 2 Pattern Review of the cost. No mat- can sum up my On the Web 3 ter how much I ex- answer just with this plain that it isn’t photo. This is (was) a blan- History of Guilds 4 about the price, non- ket I knit four years ago for knitters just don’t a pregnant friend of my Our 30th Year 5 get it. daughter. The blanket is the most favorite item the Product Review 7 four year old boy has. He A lot of knitters have doesn’t go anywhere with- 7 an item that they Coming Attractions out his blanket. The always have on the mother just sent me the Improve your Knitting 8 needles. With many photo as a thank you for of my friends there is 9 making such a cherished Book Review always a pair of item. This is why I knit and socks or a preemie this is why I choose to Recipe 10 hat in a project bag keep knitting baby blan- ready to knit when 10 From the Editor there are a few min- kets. Retreats 11 utes of free time. Christine Hall With me, my item of choice I have often been told by 12 is a baby blanket. I hear DKG Retreat non-knitters that it makes Do you have a story about the argument that baby no sense to knit an item what motivates you to Guild Information 14 blankets are a lot of yarn because I can purchase it knit? Please share it with and take a lot of time. -
Premium Knitting & Crochet Tool Catalog
2015 PREMIUM KNITTING & CROCHET TOOL CATALOG Westing Bridge LLC designs, manufactures and wholesales the complete line of ChiaoGoo premium bamboo, wood, and stainless steel knitting and crochet tools. We are dedicated to offering high quality products with great overall value! ChiaoGoo bamboo needles are made of Moso bamboo, the largest and strongest bamboo in the world. Our craftsmanship is the result of over 100 years of experience passed down by generations of skilled craftsmen. Due to the quick, renewable nature of bamboo, we are proud that the products we offer are eco-friendly. Our stainless steel products are made of surgical-grade, stainless steel that is hypoallergenic and, in most cases, not reactive to sensitive skin. They have a nice smooth, satin sheen that won’t reflect any light making it hard to see your work. They are lightweight and strong! The needle is precisely machined resulting in perfect tips and joins. We take pride in providing excellent customer service to our customers in the United States and abroad. We have established a European Sales Office to assist those German and French speaking customers. Please refer to the back cover for contact information. We thank you for your interest in our ChiaoGoo products. SINGLE POINTS BAMBOO Our Patina and Natural Color Single Points have precisely tapered, hand-crafted tips. They are made of Moso bamboo which is the largest and strongest bamboo out of over 1,000 different species. The size is permanently laser imprinted on each needle and cap. The patina color is obtained with thermal heat. It is difficult to find bamboo large enough to produce needles larger than size US15 (10 mm). -
Results Vintage & Jewellery
Results Vintage & Jewellery, No. Item Hammer price 1 A brilliant cut diamond ring, 1.35 ct. 35 000 SEK 2 A pair of 12 mm cultured South sea pearl, pink sapphire, peridote and diamond earrings. Unsold 3 A cultured pearl and brilliant-cut diamond brooch. 8 000 SEK 4 A brilliant-cut diamond necklace. Unsold 5 A brilliant-cut diamond, 1.01 cts, ring. Quality F/ VVS1 according to HRD certificate. Unsold 6 A brilliant-cut diamond, circa 1.74 cts, solitaire ring. Quality H/VVS2. Unsold 7 A diamond, circa 1.00 ct, and sapphire ring. Flexible parts. Unsold 8 A pair of Tahiti pearl, 13 mm, and diamond, circa 0.36 ct, earrings. 13 000 SEK 9 A brilliant-cut diamond brooch. Total carat weight circa 2.00 cts. Unsold 10 A South Sea pearl, circa 14.8 x 12.8 mm, and diamond, ca total 0.08 ct, pendant. Unsold 11 A tourmaline, total carat weight 16.20 cts, and diamond, total carat weight 2.99 cts. Unsold 12 A pair of cultured South sea pearl and brilliant-cut diamond earrings. Unsold 13 A NECKLACE, south sea pearls 14.3-17.0 mm. Clasp with multicolor sapphires c. 7.50 Unsold cts. Length 42 cm. 14 A pink sapphire, circa 1.55 cts, and diamond, total circa 0.7 ct, ring. 12 000 SEK 15 A pair of pearl and diamond earring. 12 000 SEK 16 A brilliant-cut diamond ring. Total gem weight 2.48 cts. Unsold 17 A pair of amethyst and diamond, circa 0.60 ct, earrings. -
India's Textile and Apparel Industry
Staff Research Study 27 Office of Industries U.S. International Trade Commission India’s Textile and Apparel Industry: Growth Potential and Trade and Investment Opportunities March 2001 Publication 3401 The views expressed in this staff study are those of the Office of Industries, U.S. International Trade Commission. They are not necessarily the views of the U.S. International Trade Commission as a whole or any individual commissioner. U.S. International Trade Commission Vern Simpson Director, Office of Industries This report was principally prepared by Sundar A. Shetty Textiles and Apparel Branch Energy, Chemicals, and Textiles Division Address all communications to Secretary to the Commission United States International Trade Commission Washington, DC 20436 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Executive Summary . v Chapter 1. Introduction . 1-1 Purpose of study . 1-1 Data and scope . 1-1 Organization of study . 1-2 Overview of India’s economy . 1-2 Chapter 2. Structure of the textile and apparel industry . 2-1 Fiber production . 2-1 Textile sector . 2-1 Yarn production . 2-4 Fabric production . 2-4 Dyeing and finishing . 2-5 Apparel sector . 2-5 Structural problems . 2-5 Textile machinery . 2-7 Chapter 3. Government trade and nontrade policies . 3-1 Trade policies . 3-1 Tariff barriers . 3-1 Nontariff barriers . 3-3 Import licensing . 3-3 Customs procedures . 3-5 Marking, labeling, and packaging requirements . 3-5 Export-Import policy . 3-5 Duty entitlement passbook scheme . 3-5 Export promotion capital goods scheme . 3-5 Pre- and post-shipment financing . 3-6 Export processing and special economic zones . 3-6 Nontrade policies . -
7. Wool Combing
7. Wool Combing Errol Wood Learning objectives On completion of this topic you should be able to: • Outline the objectives of wool combing • Describe the design of a typical rectilinear comb • Explain the steps in rectilinear combing – feeding, initial combing, final combing and drawing off, and sliver formation • Discuss the means by which noils are removed, and the balance required in setting the amount to be removed • Explain the purpose of re-combing • Calculate: tear ratio, noil(%), romaine, regain and combing production • Discuss the factors that affect the combing quality of fine wools Key terms and concepts Combing (Nobel and rectilinear), nips per minute, doublings, noils, finisher gilling, packaging, re- combing, tear, noil(%), romaine, percent fibres less than 30 mm, combing production. Introduction to the topic Wool combing is a comprehensive term when used in its widest sense, and it embraces all the operations carried out in a topmaking plant. It includes the processes of raw wool scouring, drying, carding, backwashing and preparer gilling. Then follows the actual combing operation and the sequence of topmaking processes concludes with two gilling steps called top finishing (or finisher gilling). Combing is not included in the semiworsted or woollen processing routes. Wool combing, the single process, is indispensable in the manufacture of a worsted yarn. The card has disentangled the fibres in the mass of scoured wool and has mixed them in a roughly parallel formation. However, during the carding process many fibres will have been broken, and the card sliver will consist of a variety of fibre lengths. Some vegetable matter will have been removed but fragments remain. -
The Re-Imagining of Bradford's Collection As a Transcultural
conference papers academic and professional strands / negotiating artefacts cultural identity and the municipal gallery: the re-imagining of bradford’s collection as a transcultural representation of identity at cartwright hall 1904-2014 AUTHORS: Jemma Browne Nottingham Trent University (UK) Ana Souto Nottingham Trent University (UK) Abstract Museums have historically played an important role in the formation of cultural identities; they evolved in their current form in the late nineteenth century concurrent with the emergence of the bourgeois public sphere (Bennett, 1995). As cities have been spatially transformed through time by the layering of new and existing expressions of cultural identity, galleries and museums have struggled to retain their meaning as representational spaces. The municipal gallery at Cartwright Hall in Bradford presents a timely case study demonstrating how it ensured that its collection evolved to reflect the changing communities in the city and how, by re-imagining the idea of heritage, it has created a transcultural representation of identity. Keywords: cultural identity, collective memory, empire, transcultural space 51 conference papers academic and professional strands / negotiating artefacts cultural identity and the municipal gallery: the re-imagining of bradford’s collection as a transcultural representation of identity at cartwright hall 1904-2014 1. Identity formation: museums and the public sphere Museums and galleries are important cultural spaces within our cityscapes; they present unique opportunities to shape and represent multiple cultural identities, disseminating ideas and memory through both their exhibitions and the architectural form they take. This paper uses the example of Cartwright Hall to explore how museums have used multi-temporal strategies to communicate collective memory and represent cultural identities through time.