panty portion of support pantyhose. Future development HFP of Heberlein Maschinenfabrik AG had been develop- of air covering machine might be focused on the improve- ed as an interlacer and has been put to practical use. Since ment of nozzle in order to get even entanglement appro- it is effective for air covering, it has been supplied to air priate strength and less air consumption. covering machines of ICBT International land Guidici. In addition, a new type nozzle, called "BCF-JET", used for 7. Other Related Machineries and Equipments thick carpet yarn of 1,000 - 12,000 dtex was also ex- hibited. The shape of a slit of V-Jet exhibited by Fiber- An exhibition of machinery and equipments related to guide Limited is featured by easy processing of yarn, and manufacturing machine for chemical and synthetic fiber less accumulation of dirt. It has been put to practical use varied widely from spinnerets to measuring instrument. for air covering as well as non-sizing texturing and air Such as suction guns, false-twisting friction disk unit, mixing texturing. magnet spindles, air jet nozzles, yarn guides, rubber apron/roller etc. and measuring instruments. (3) Measuring Instruments for Filament Yarn Some exhibits are briefly summarized as follows: There were many other exhibits from manufacturers of testing instruments introducing a variety of measuring (1) Suction Guns instruments, on-line measurements, quality control An air sucker is generally used for yarn suction in systems according to the importance of quality control package mounting onto take-up winders and other similar complying with diversity of end-uses and high quality. winders. However, as the winder speed-up has been Only main instruments and their manufactureres are listed increased the suctioning ability of an air sucker has come below: to be insufficient. A water suction gun has recently been © Measuring instruments for entanglement: by Enka put to practice in place of an air suction gun. At OTEMAS, Tecnica, Rothschild Messinstrumente, Kanebo Engineer- a water suction gun has been exhibited by Toray Precision ing, Ltd., etc. Co., Ltd., which can mount yarn package at a level of 22 Measuring instruments for yarn hairiness: by 6,000 m/min. Shirley Developments Limited, Daiko Co., Ltd., Toray Engineering Co., Ltd., etc. (2) Air Jet Nozzle © Measuring instruments for yarn irregularity: by Air jet nozzles are generally classified into the following Zellweger Uster Co., Ltd., and Keisokki Kogyo Co., Ltd. two types: one is an air texturing nozzle of Taslan type to ® Measuring instruments for yarn twists: by Zweigle form loops and to provide yarn entanglement which is GmbH & Co., KG., and Calderara Bossi S.p.A. regarded as similar to yarn twists effect. © Synthetic Filament Counter and frictional electro- static charge voltage measuring system : by Kanebo Engineering Ltd. © Yarn thermal analyzing system: by Toray Engineering Co., Ltd. References [1] Osamu Yaida; J. Text. Mach. Soc. Japan, 39, No. 1 (1986) [2] Akira Kamiya; J. Text. Mach. Soc. Japan, 41, No.l (1988) [3] Survey Report on ITMA'87 and Situation of Textile Industry in Europe (in Japanse), edited by Japan Chemical Fibers Association (1987)

Fig. 13 Hema Jet, Jet Cores of Heberlein Maschinen- fabrik AG Spinning Machinery

Hema Jet Series T (Fig. 13) was exhibited by Heberlein Jyuzo Hosokawa Maschinenfabrik AG as an air texturing nozzle. Among Faculty of Education, Shiga University the series, T312 is a new type for texturing extremely fine denier yarn at a high speed. It has reportedly been put to I. Introduction practical use already, for example, in texturing peach skin material. 4 years have passed since the 3rd OTEMAS was held in Next, interlace nozzles were exhibited by Heberlein 1985. At the 4th OTEMAS, a great number of machine Maschinenfabrik AG and Fiberguide Limited. The Clip Jet makers exhibited so many kinds of machines and their

8 Journal of the Textile Machiner Society of Japan accessories belonging to the spinning process. As far as width 3,100 mm) which simplifies the blending of many the spinning process is concerned, new technologies have bales at the same time. Marzoli exhibited its latest model been developed toward higher productivity, higher quality of the opening-line consisting of its automatic bale and more automation to satisfy the market needs. These plucker, B 12/E pivoting Automatic Bale Plucker, Auto- require deversified small-lot producing machines and a few mixer B142 and Two Finer Openers B34. The outstanding large-lot producing machines. Utilizing the accumulated features of this line consist of its continuous run. Each technology and the latest electronics, a lot of integrated machine controls the production rate of the machine spinning machinery manufacturers in the world have placed upstream so as to achieve the best opening and produced complete lines of machines for all processes cleaning effects. Rieter showed opening, cleaning and from bales to yarns. It is quite significant that the latest Blending Machines (full line) as the first part of the technologies widely acknowledged are introduced in such Rieter Spinning System from bale to yarn. Temafa ex- a grand scale as mentioned above for the purpose of hibited Bale Opener, Carding Willow, Fine Opener FFO chasing additional high product values created by and Clean Star. Bale Opener is designed to open bales of deversification, speeding-up, super precision and energy natural and man-made fibers. Carding Willow is designed conservation. for opening and blending. Fine Opener FFO is specially Main machines and their accessories in relation to the designed to open fiber materials of fine denier up to 6 spinning process will be described as follows. deniers. Clean Star is specially designed for opening and cleaning of wastes production in blower rooms and card 2. Preparation of Spinning rooms. Besides, as an auxiliary equipment in the blowing 2.1 Blowing-room process room process, Tatsumi Air Engineering/Nakagawa Electric Industrial Co., Ltd, exhibited Colored Foreign Matter For the blowing-room process in the cotton spinning Detector and Elimination System Type F-IV which system, 6 kinds of blowing-room machineries were ex- distinguished and eliminates colored foreign matters from hibited by Ohara Iron Works Ltd., Ohtorikiko-Trutzchler, raw cottons in the blow room line. Nihon Spindle Mfg. Co., Ltd., Hergeth Hollingsworth GmbH, Marzoli S.p.A. and Rieter Machine Works Ltd. In 2.2 Carding process addition to those mentioned above, a bale opener design- ed to open bales of natural and man-made fibers, was Most cards are connected to the blowing machineries displayed by Temafa Textilmaschinenfabrik GmbH with automatic feeding devices. Flat cards were displayed through Rudolf Shokai Co., Ltd. by Ohtori-Trutzchler GmbH & Co., Ltd., China Textile One of the main features of Ohara is that it employs Machinery & Technology Import & Export Corp., Nitto conveyer spiked cylinders instead of the conventional Engineering Inc., Nihon Spindle Mfg., Co. , Ltd., Japan types of the spiked lattice and the bottom lattice both Cotton Technical and Economic Research Institute, Howa i.norl IA 'U .cr;r~olcrYYIUVly111;r 3b. L1J yUL.v.nn+ A n L!'+b. rnnii1+ +hn-%' mnln+OV1n11n~&a AL' a!'-..' of V1Q111111V1y LLU.,T +A !1[J1Aifo;t-. lJL.QC,-. \ v,, L~\A,,T +r1 Prnornl 1VJ1V1 JJ~u.,T +1 J1v1f,Vfl ,n V11h 1 the line is now extremely easy. Each unit is equipped with Hollingsworth GmbH, Marzoli S.p.A, and Rieter Machine a unique dust removal system. Particularly, Micro Fine Works Ltd, A roller card was exhibited by Nihon Sanmo Cleaner can open fibers without fiber damages. Ohtori- Dyeing Co., Ltd. Besides, a specially designed model card Trutzchler Blendmat BDT-019 has the new design with for experiment was displayed by Kanai Juyo Kogyo Co., expanded features, based on good reputed BDT-018 to Ltd, meet the customer demands. This opener is a fully auto- Ohtori-Trutzchler exhibited Exacta Card DK740 (High matic bale opener controlled by a micro computer. It Production Card) with Exactafeed FBK 533, Exacta Card satisfies all requirements in practical operation and offers DK740 with M/S Tritzchler's electronics has already been following advantages. (1) High productivity and easier acknowledged by its precise control and statistic func- operation by picking tufts in both directions. (2) Small tions, as well as high productivity up to 300 m/min with and natural opening. (3) Constant and well-controlled high reliability. Nitto Unicard CH-W Type 700 showed by picking. (4) High quality blending action. (5) Variety of Nitto Engineering is an innovative Tandem Card, capable production. (6) Lots of bale stock. Bale Opener NS-BOl1S of producing the highest quality sliver in a most econo- from Nihon Spindle is designed for stable quality and mical way. Since the machine is originally designed and labor saving in opening and blowing processes. This each device is built by a unit system, the maintenance is opener is compact, occupying less floor space and allow- as easy as a single card. Nihon Spindle exhibited a card ing finer and move uniform tuft making which improves with HBF (High-grade Branch Feeder, the latest type of the quality of product. NCF) and NS-Auto Leveller (Card Sliver Controlling Having more opener rollers than other systems, the System) which is suitable for chute feeders, but is under bale opener allows a versatile manufacturing system, such development for the time being. Japan Cotton Technical as wide varieties in medium or small lot production. and Economic Research Institute displayed a newly Automatic bale opener "Optomix" made by Hergeth designed special card equipped with the device for re- Hollingsworth introduced a new wide head (working moving short fibers and orienting long fibers by utilizing

Vol. 36, No.l 9 static electricity. This machine is based on the new idea apparatus. High Speed Comber, Model VC-250 about carding, but further investigation for one or two "CHERRY" by Harashokki has highly efficient perfor- years is necessary for practical application. Model CMH mance, and its number of nips is up to 250 per min. made by Howa Machinery is a high production card with Features of High Speed Comber, Model HZ by Howa special auto-levellers which are designed to control the Machinery are as follows: (1) Camless deteching motion, long and short term variations on carded slivers by using (2) Nipper drive motion by slide bars, (3) Short fiber computers with high accuracy. New TM-8SL and TM8SD control by auxiliary nippers, (4) Individual drive of top by Meikin & Co., Ltd, have following features: (1) An comb motion, (5) 152 mm dia. high-comb cylinder, (6) upper feed system is employed for improving fiber- Oil bath with automatic lubrication, (7) A waste collecting opening efficiency, (2) The speed of revolving flat is rotary cage, and (8) A automatic can changing device. synchronized with the doffer speed for better fiber Specifications of this machine are 8 heads 8 doublings, opening, (3) Roller doffing for more stable web condition, single cam coiler motion, max. 360 nip/min and feed lap (4) Full considerations for dust collection and fleece max. 300 mm width X 600 mm dia. PX 1 High Speed handling and (5) A new covering system for eacy mainte- Comber made by Marzoli S.p.A. can produce the top nance. Crosrol Ltd, exhibited Mark 4 which has the quality sliver at 330 nip/min. Rieter Machine Works following main features: (1) Modular construction in- exhibited Coming Machine E 7/6 in a complete Rieter corporating a unique card frame system, (2) Ball bearings Spinning System. for revolving flats, (3) Integral dust extraction, (4) A For the rectilinear combing process, two makers ex- driving system incorporating standard ISO electric motors hibited their products; one is a combing machine Model and clutchless transmission, (5) High quality output and HCE-4 with positive mechanism by which is obtained high high production rate and (6) Short installation time. Card production with 210 nip/min in operating speed, made by Type 2000 by Hergeth Hollingsworth GmbH is a high Osaka Kiko. The other is Type P-90 made by Sant' speed carding machine which features (1) saving the Andrea Novara S.p.A. for worsted combing with 210 electric power consumption, (2) uniforming the tuft- nip/min. blend, and (3) fully integrated waste removal and dust collection which ensures clean carding environment. 2.4 Drawing process CX300 Card by Marzoli S.p.A, is the latest development in carding, its max. delivery speed is 300 m/min. It has In the cotton system, drawing frames were exhibited the built-in ST4 long/short term autoleveller. Rieter by Hara Shokki Seisakusho, Ltd., Howa Machinery, Ltd., Machine Works displayed carding machine C4/C4-1 in Vouk Macchine Tessili S.p.A., Schubert & Salzer, Zinser the Rieter complete spinning processes. Textilmaschinen GmbH, China Textile Machinery & In the field of roller carding, Nihon Sanmo Dyeing Co., Technology Import & Export Corp. and Rieter Machine Ltd, displayed a roller carding machine with a static- Works Ltd. eliminator. Kanai Juyo Kogyo, which is not a carding DX-500 E2C High Speed Drawing Frame by Hara machine maker but is a chief maker of carding wire, dis- Shokki has the draft part by a 5 over 4 system with a played a miniature card scaled down to 1/2.5 of the actual pressure bar. The drafting part is completely purified with flat carding machine. Its each part is made of trasparent the automatic cleaning apparatus. The max, delivery speed plastic material, enabling to visualize the movement and of the sliver is up to 500 m/min. In case of High Speed shapes of fibers by utilizing a stroboscope and a video- Frame DFH by Howa Machinery, the max. sliver delivery camera. This trial is of technical interest to investigate the speed is said to be 800 m/min as the results of improving fiber movement in the carding process. each mechanical part. Twin Delivery Autolevelled Draw In regard to accessories of carding machines, sliver cans Frame Model SH2/D-E-DCC made by Vouk Macchine were displayed by Tateishi Industry Co., Ltd. Card flat Tessili was displayed as one of the most complete and chains, card flat screw bolts and card flexible bends were reliable high production automatic draw frames. In this displayed by Miyoshi Spinning Machine Mfg., Co., Ltd., frame, the autoleveller can control any irregularity in metallic and flexible card clothings by Ashworth Bros. medium and short terms depending on the materials used. Inc., metallic card clothings by AB Kardbeslagand others. Draw Frame RSB51 by Schubert & Salzer is an auto- levelling system and the sliver monitor. The max. delivery 2.3 Combing process speed of the sliver is 600 m/min. High-speed Drawing Frame 730 with Servo Draft (autoleveller) by Zinser Combers for cotton were exhibited by Hara Shokki Textilmaschinen has a specially designed drafting system Seisakusho Ltd., Howa Machinery, Ltd., Marzoli S.p.A. which uses a 4 over 3 system with a pressure bar, and and Rieter Machine Works Ltd., and rectilinier combers adopts the automatic canchaning system. The max. for wool by Osaka Kiko Co., Ltd. and Sant' Andrea delivery speed of the sliver is up to 1,000 m/min. FA 302 Novara S.p.A. Drawing Frame by China Textile Machinery & Technolo- Two preparatory machines for cotton comber by Hara gy Import & Export Corp, was exhibited. High- Shokki, HL-85A (Hailap Model) and SL-35A (Superlap performance Drawing Frame Dl showed by Rieter Model), are equipped with the automatic grain-regulating Machine Works is suitable for quick and precise compli-

10 Journal of the Textile Machiner Society of Japan ance to various staple lengths, and yields excellent CV% exhibited by N. Schlumberger & Cie group are particularly even at the delivery speed up to 800 m/min. made for worsted spinning to produce very fine yarns. Besides, as related accessories to the drawing frame, GV10 Vertical Drafter, to be used as the last passage of were displayed "Sensostop" - an electric stop motion drawing, and BM 14 Flyer Rover (Fig. 2) are two best for the drawing frame - made by Otto Stiiber GmbH & Co., K.G., and sliver cans for drawing frames by Tateishi Industry Co., Ltd.

2,5 Gilling process and bobbiners

In the gilling process, Osaka Kiko Co., Ltd., Chubu Seiko Co., Ltd., Yasuda Instrument Company Ltd., N. Schlumberger & Cie Group and Sant' Andrea Novara S.p.A, displayed their products. In Gill-frames (Autolevellizer) HLE-6 made by Osaka Kiko (Fig. 1), the 2-motor control system is applied for

Fig. 2 Flyer Rover BM 14 (N. Schlumberger)

adapted machines to reach the target with optimum qualitative and productivity levels. Rubs Apron Roving Frame, Model RF 2/a (Bobbiner) displayed by Sant' Andrea Novara S.p.A. is particularly suitable for fine and extra fine counts Nm 90 - 100. This machine is modular- ly constructed for 12-16-20-24 bobbins, and has a modular double rubbing apron system which has a bottom Fig. 1 Autolevellizer HLE-6 (Osaka Kiko) apron and double top balloon rollers. The maximum number of strokes per minute is up to 1,800. Roving feed speed change. An AC servo motor is set at the feed counts used for this bobiner are from Nm 2 to 6. side, and an inverter motor is fixed at the delivery side. Sliver irregularity control is performed by this computer- 2.6 Roving process aided 2-motor control. Comparing with similar machines, this system features greatly improved controllability, and Howa Machinery, Ltd., Toyoda Automatic Loom its maintenance and repair are simple since it has no Works, Ltd., Zinser Textilmaschinen GmbH and Rieter complicated mechanism. For ease of use, spinning condi- Machine Works Ltd, exhibited their products belonging tions are set with a ten-key board on the control panel, to the roving process. with which even trouble can be monitored. Super Speed By High Speed Simplex Fly Frame, Model R.M.H, by Tanden Leveller, SDL 90-2 made by Chubu Seiko has Howa Machinery, the high quality roving can be produced realized drastic increase of productivity by 32 times in by a roving building without a cone drum, enabling total draft and good opening of fibers assisted by both maintenance-free operation and much easier adjustment the gill zone in which two gill heads are installed in than the conventional mechanical system. Roving Frame, tandem and the three-motor synchronous-driving system Model FL 16 made by Toyoda Automatic Loom Works is newly developed. Features of this machine are as follows: improved in further automation and remarkable energy (1) Draft ratio can be changed in accordance with the saving by combining it with automatic roving transfer materials, (2) Levelling function is controlled by a systems which consist of a wagon doffer for Fly Frame computer and (3) Center control is available based on the Model TRD, Roving Transfer Machine Model TRT and interlocked host computer. Performances of this machine Roving Changer Model TRC. In case of Roving Frame 660 are as follows: infeed capacity; 400 g/m, max. draft by Zinser Textilmaschinen, machine efficiencies are im- ratio; 32 times and max, delivery speed; 350 m/min. proved by the adoption of Automated Doffer 691, PD80E-SDN Super Drafter as a drawing frame for long capable of doffing 6 spindles in each cycle. Rieter staple fibers made by Yasuda Instrument Company has Machine Works showed Roving Frame F 4/1 + F 1/1 in the following features: (1) The faller in the draft section is the Rieter spinning system. driven by a rotary mechanism, (2) The draft is set through Besides, as accessories for fly frames Kureha Rubber push-button operation so that a draft change gear is not Industry Co., Ltd. exhibited rollers and aprons. Sanyu required, (3) Installation of various types of automatic Boki Co., Ltd, displayed flyers for speed frames and flyer and labor-saving equipment is possible and (4) High cleaners. Sanyu SS Flyer (inserted-type stainless-steel productivity, low-level noise and easy maintenance can be pipe) is a new one characterized by the following features. realized. CV 10 Vertical Gill and BM14 Flyer Rover (1) High radidity and perfect dynamic-balance. (2) Since

Vol. 36, No. 1 11 the presser is suitably designed for roving thickness, fluff ring spinning frames. In Model UA33G, high speed can be reduced to the minimum. (3) The inner face of the running can be realized by adopting the oil bath system stainless-steelpipe is ultraprecisely finished, so roving can at both gearing end and off end parts. In Model UA33A pass through it smoothly. as an improved type of UA33G, 12 spindles are driven in a group, resulting low vibration and low noise with less 3. Spinning electric power comsumption on high speed running. Since the cleaning device is adopted for suctioning the 3.1 Ring spinning process roller part and its nearby, the amount of scattered fibers is greately reduced. Officine Gaudino showed a woolen Spinning frames were displayed by Ishikawa Seisaku- ring spinning frame Model FB. This frame is suitable for sho, Ltd., 0-M Ltd., Toyoda Automatic Loom Works, fine and high quality spinning, and has 3 kinds of specifi- Ltd., SKF Japan Ltd., Howa Machinery Ltd,, Officine cations. (1) Ring size: 75, 90 and 110 mm. (2) Number of Gaudino, Zinser Textilmaschinen GmbH, China Textile spindles: 300, 250 and 200. (3) Max. spindle speed: Machinery & Technology Import & Export Corp., S. 10,000, 8,500 and 8,000 rpm. (4) Count range: Nm 5 - Bigagli & C.S.p.A., Rieter Machine Works Ltd, and Kanai 28, Nm 3 - 12 and Nm 2 - 8. This machine can be Juyo Kogyo Co., Ltd. equipped with an automatic doffing device, an automatic Ishikawa Seisakusho exhibited PSF-SD, a ring spinning loader and a transporter of condenser bobbins and an frame with an auto-doffer, which has 180 spindle/frame automatic clearer with an automatic piecer of slubbings. and adopts the single-drive system for each spindle. This High Speed Ring Spinning Frame 330 HS Type with frame is made for long staple spinning system. The yarn CO-WE-MAT Lazer made by Zinser Textilmaschinen quality produced on it is improved and ends down are can be linked with Autoconer 238. Max. spindle speed of remarkably reduced by investigating the angles of roller this frame is 25,000 rpm. Full bobbins can be checked stands and the lappet angles (angles of fleeces). After by the laser beam. China Textile Machinery & Technology passing through this spinning frame, the yarn is quite Import & Export Corp. exhibited ring spinning frames, troublefree on the next processes. Spinace-V: a worsted FA506 and FA509. These frames are said to have the ring spinning frame with a stationary auto doffer made latest design in China and are used for processing cotton, by O-M Ltd. is a 4-roller, single spindle cradle type spin- synthetic fibers or their blends. But, no distinctive feature ning frame. Its design is forcused on such important has been found to be discussed on them. Rieter Machine points as a roller part, fleece angles and yarn stretch Works displayed Ring Spinning Frames G5/ l + G5/2 with characteristics for spinning high quality worsted yarns. Auto-Doffer. S. Bigagli& C. S.p.A, showed Ring Spinning The auto doffer has a pneumatic bobbin catcher equipped Frames with an electric control device for woolen yarn with an automatic self-cleaning mechanism and features a spinning or semi-worsted spinning. Auto-doffer can also curved path motion which permits bobbins to be pulled be equipped with these frames. Kanai Juyo Kogyo, one up in the shortest-route, thus preventing broken spindles of the largest makers of textile machine components and achieving decreased end breakage through reduced in Japan, made a trial run of ultra-high speed spinning yarn stretch. Toyoda Automatic Loom Works displayed a test at the spindle speed up to 35,000 rpm by using a high speed ring spinning frame, Model RX 100 by combin- special spintester which consists of one spindle driven by ing a stationary auto-doffer Model SAD and winders with a single-driving system. The limit of the traveller speed Peg Tray Bobbin Transfer. Features of this frame can be on the ring seems to be in the order of 50 m/sec in the pointed out: (1) The maximum speed of 25,000 rpm has usual way. In order to spin a yarn at such a ultra-high been realized with High Speed Ring, Travellers, High speed as 35,000 rpm which is corresponding to 65 m/sec Speed Spindle and uniform bobbin formation by the of the traveller speed on the ring, the special attention Screw-Shaft-type Lifting Mechanism. (2) Clean yarn and must be paid to the material used and the treatment clean environment: Dust collector with a cross flow fan applied for rings and travellers. This ultra-high speed re-collects 70% of fly wastes. (3) Easy operation and spinning has been secessfully realized even though ex- maintenance due to oil-bath-lubricated gearing and perimentally. Kanai showed another high speed spinning operation settings through a key-board. SKF Japan test at the spindle speeds of 20,000 - 23,000 rpm which exhibited high-seed spinning frames with the Individual- is corresponding to about 45 m/sec of traveller speeds by Motor Drive System (1 MDS). This 1 MDS system is using an individual driving high speed spinning machine composed of the following components: SKF bearing equipped with 6 spindles for testing. This spindle speed unit with a integrated special motor, Wiring system and can be applied in practical spinning process. microprocessor-controlled frequency-conversion system. As accessories of ring spinning frames, many makers It can achieve energy saving, noize reduction, improve- exhibited their products. Kanai Juyo Kogyo showed ment in yarn quality and extensive automation possi- MEGA traveller, PRIMAT Ring and others. Under the bilities. Howa Machinery displayed high speed ring spin- high speed spinning condition, MEGA traveller ensures ning frames, Model UA33G and UA33H for spinning high remarkable extension of its service life and can maintain quality yarns and their roving transporting device, Model stable spinning condition. By using new materials and RT-1 for handling all works between roving frames and surface treatment, PRIMAT Ring enables high speed

12 Journal of the Textile Machiner Society of Japan operation, improvement of wear resistance and extension is a newly designed direct spinning machine from slivers of traveller life with better quality of yarns. Kanpatzu to cheese-packaged yarns. Combination of AYTD (Auto- Kogyo Co., Ltd, displayed KS Echo-7 which is End Break matic Yarn Tyeing and Doffing Device), and a yarn length Detecting Device for ring spinning frames. It consists of measuring system together with Starter winder installed (1) a touch system sensor which is individually fixed to in the control end enables fully automatic operation. The every spinning position, (2) an electric transmission unit max, delivery speed is 250 m/min. Murata Machinery ex- with a scanning system and (3) a control box with display hibited Air Jet Spinner, No.802 Murata Jet Spinner windows and a built-in printer for setting the instruction (Fig. 4) and No.881 Murata Twin Spinner. Among these, and processing data. SKF Japan Ltd, exhibited SKF Roving Stop Motion with IMDS (Individual Motor Drive System). Daiko Co., Ltd. and Perfect Co., Ltd. displayed their own electric yarn breakage sensors, respectively. Mori Koruku Co., Ltd, showed collector of spinning machine (products of plastic) -2SP type. Zinser Textil- maschinen GmbH showed ROVING-GUARD (individual yarn monitor) and FILA-MAT (automatic yarn piecing device).

3.2 Rotor open-end spinning process Fig. 4 MJS802 (Murata Machinery) Toyoda Automatic Loom Works, Ltd., Schubert & Salzer, W. Schlafhorst & Co, and China Textile Machinery No.881 Murata Twin Spinner is a newly developed air jet & Technology Import & Export Corp. exhibited and spinner for ply-yarn manufacturing. This new No.881 illustrated the handling method of their machines. Twin Spinner is designed on the basis of the conventional Open-End Spinning Machine: Model AR 300 by Air Jet Spinner No.802, and is able to spin ply yarns from Toyoda Loom Works is said to be able to spin cotton or long staple of wool or wool/polyester. It can produce synthetic yarns from the fiber length up to 60 mm at the stable and high quality yarns by applying 5-line drafting rotor speed of 130,000 rpm. RU-14 SPINCOMAT, full- systems and Twin splicing systems. Linking No. 881 automatic rotor-spinning machine made by Schubert & Twin Spinner with No. 377 Two-for One Twister (Fig. 5) Salzer has as many as 240 spinning positions (section of 24). It can spin superior yarns ranging Nm 6 - 70. Delivery speed up to 200 m/min and rotor revolutions up to 100,000 rpm can be realized. Auto Coro-Automatic Rotor spinning and winding machines made by W. Schlaf- horst is equipped with a New Spin Box SE-9 and Optical monitoring system Corolab. By adopting the inverter system for rotor driving, max. speed of rotor can be achieved at 130,000 rpm which is corresponding to 200 m/min of yarn delivery speed. China Textile Machinery & Technology Import & Export Corp. displayed FA601 B Rotor type open-end spinning frame. Fig. 5 Linking No.881 Twinspinner with No.377 Two- for-one Twister (Murata Machinery) 3.3 Air jet open-end spinning frame makes it possible to automate the following 5 processes Toray Engineering Co., Ltd., Murata Machinery, Ltd., perfectly: Roving, Fine spinning, Winding, Doubling and and Spindelfabrik Suessen put their products on display. Twisting. Spindelfabrik Suessen displayed Spin Assembly Air Jet Spinner, Model AJS-102 (Fig. 3) by Toray Eng. Winder, PKYfi1 1000/2000. It allows to produce a two-ply yarn from slivers in two steps only. This PLYfiI technolo- gy is suitable both for short and long staple fibers. It is designed in two variant: - PLYfiI 100 for cotton, man-made fibers and blends in the cotton spinning area, - PLYfiI 200 for wool, wool blends and long staple synthetics in worsted spinning.

3.4 Other spinning machines

wr; .,w Textilmaschinenfabrik Dr. Ernest Fehrer AG exhibited Fig. 3 Air Jet Spinner AJS (Toray Eng.) Friction Spinning Machine Type: DREF 3 12E12 as a

Vol. 36, No.l 13 friction open-end spinning frame. Ozeki Niboru Co., Ltd. S.p.A. is available both in fully automated version, and in displayed ON-1000 TRI SPIN. This is a spinning/twisting manual version only for automatic full package doffing. frame which has been developed in order to meet new Moreover, in the super automatic version, automatic pre- demands of compound area of the textile industry. oriented cone feeding of POY and automatic full package Various types of yarns from uniform straight yarns to doffing can be realized. W. Schlafhorst exhibited Auto- complicated fancy yarns can be produced on the same matic Cone and Cheese Winding Machine AUTOCONER model. S. Bigagli & C. S.p.A, displayed Selfacting Mule 238. SSM Scharer Schweiter Mettler displayed Yarn Stand-spinner Model "Robospin-B6". In this frame, Singeing Machine, GSX. This machine adopts the random useful yarn path of 3 m long can be obtained with fixed winding system with Mettler grooved drums (long life) spindle carriages and mobile feeding carriages. D.C. variable and pattern breaking. Speeds of this machine are 300 - speed motors drive the spindle-carriages and the winding 1,200 m/min and are steplessly controllable. Yarn range stage. Brushless variable speed motors drive the feeding is for cotton yarns up to finest counts (Nm 236/2), as carriages and winding stage during the working cycle and well as for other staple fiber and blend yarns. the operations at the doffing stage. Electrical control Besides, as accessories for winders, Mashintex, Ltd. cabinet containing electromechanical and electronic exhibited MESDAN ATS (Air Track Supply), a hand devices for motors can be operated with a built-in push operated JOINTAIR Splicer, designed to accomodate on button board. Terminal with VIDEO allows for reading all kinds of textile machinery where tyeing is necessary. and controlling the different working stages. Murao Booki Kaisha, Ltd. showed Auto Cop Feeder.

4. Automatic Winding Process 5. Automation System

Exhibited on display were Kamitsu Seisakusho Ltd., As the automatic connecting systems among spinning Koike Iron Works Co., Ltd., Toyoda Automatic Loom processes and among spinning and winding processes, Works, Ltd., Murata Machinery, Ltd., Savio S.p.A., W. Toyoda Automatic Loom Works displayed Automatic Schlafhorst & Co, and Scharer Schweiter Mettler Ltd. Roving Transfer System: Wagon Doffer for Fly Frame Kamitsu Seisakusho showed ET-E Take-Up Winder. Model TRD, Roving Transfer Machine Model TRT and This machine is to take-up the yarn delivered at a constant Roving Changer Model TRC, and also displayed Auto- speed to coincide with the delivered speed from spinning. mation system for winder linkage with Peg Tray Bobbin It consisits of winding unit, driving motor and control Transfer. Howa Machinery exhibited Roving Transporta- device. The spindle type of this winder is arranged to build tion system Model RT-1 developed as the total system a single or multi-spindles according to the requirements. for handling all works among roving frames and spinning Shape of package is available either in square-end or frames, that is to say, roving doffing, roving transpor- taper-end cheese, and close wind, open wind or honey- tation, roving change and roving stripping. Murata Machi- comb wind. Koike Iron Works displayed ZW-614, Large nery intends to innovate the textile mill by Factory Package Winder. This frame adopts a photo-sensor system Automation and Computer Integrated Manufacturing by using an optical sensor for checking yarn breakage System. Murata showed No. 377 Two-for-One Twister without touching the yarn. Smooth and slow starting connected with MTS as a "Murata Linkage System", does not damage the running yarn, so high-speed winding and No. 7 Machi Coner with 3 spinning frames as a "Group Linkage" is possible. Control Circuit with IC as well as working . Rieter Machine Works exhibited circuit with non-contact system ensures long service life. Automatic Roving Transporting System F 1/1, and W. Few deflected yarn passage prevents lint collection result- Schlafhorst exhibited transport, handling and packaging ing in high-quality packages. High-speed electric ribbon equipments for the automation system. breaker installed on each spindle prevents ribbon winding. Toyoda Automatic Loom Works displayed their own 6. Testing Instruments spinning frame connected with the autowinder by Murata Machinery. The Automatic Winder, No. 7.11 Mach Coner As testing instruments related to the spinning machines, made by Murata Machinery is a developed type for small- Keisokki Kogyo Co., Ltd., Textechno Herbert Stein lot and multi-yarn production, and links 3 units of spin- GmbH & Co., KG, Zellweger Uster K.K., Peyer AG and ning frames having different types of yarns with 1 winder British Textile Technology Group Ltd. (WIRA) exhibited by "tray to tray system". Features of "tray to tray their own products. system" are as follows. (1) propretary system of Murata. Keisokki Kogyo exhibited Classifault Model CFT-II full bobbins and empty bobbins are carried as they are which incorporates microcomputers into the system for inserted onto each tray and in 1 direction to enable high classification and analysis of yarn faults, and Evenness quality production with no damage to yarns. (2) linking Testers Model KET-80B for spun yarns and Model-80C is possible even if the spinning room and the winding for filament yarns. Textechno Herbert Stein displayed room are separated or located on different floors. (3) two Statimat M can be equipped wit the fully automatic or more ring spinning frames can be linked as a group with yarn count testing system. Continuous testing up to 50 1 automatic winder. Savio Smartconer made by Savio packages can be performed. Zellweger Uster showed a

14 Journal of the Textile Machiner Society of Japan new testing instrument UT3/H for measuring hairiness of Table 1 Number of the looms at the 4th OTEMAS yarns which can be used with Uster Tester 3 ; Automatic Evenness Testing Installation. Opt IQS by Peyer AG is a computer-controlled quality assurance system, and can carry out the on-line yarn fault classification assisted by P550 yarn clearance system with optical sensor. WIRA Automatic Fiber Diagram Machine can measure the mean fiber length and record the fiber length diagram by computer-control within a few minutes.

7. Conclusion

At the 4th OTEMAS, a large number of makers ex- hibited a great many kinds of their products and their accessories as far as spinning and winding processes concerned, and the number of exhibits exceeded beyond expectation. The outstanding features at this show are rapid developments in automatization, energy conservation, flexible automation and flexible manufacturing system. These developments will contribute to international understanding and technological progress in textile industry. Table 2 Comparison with the previous OTEMAS Through the 4th OTEMAS, machine makers con- cerned in spinning and winding processes are believed to exert all their powers to develop new porudcts to meet user's needs by introducing the most advanced technology and improved engineering.

Weaving Machinery and its Related Machinery 2. Versatility of AJL and RL

Teruo Ishida and Kazuhide Chikaoka It was said that the feature of jet looms is high pro- Industrial Research Institute of Ishikawa ductivity and that of rapier looms is wide versatility. These features are more developed in recent years by the 1. Outline of the Weaving Machines Exhibited loom makers, e.g, at the 4th OTEMAS, a super high-speed jet loom for limited application range or a rapier loom for The weaving machines exhibited at the 4th OTEMAS sophisticated fabrics were noticed. were as shown in Table 1, i.e. 81 looms from 18 loom Table 3 shows some technical data of the looms ex- makers. Table 2 shows a comparison of the exhibits with hibited at the 4th OTEMAS. the previous OTEMAS. From this, it is found that the About 40% of the AJLs exhibited were with lobbies features of the 4th OTEMAS are 1) the number of air jet or jacquareds, however more than 80% of the RLs there looms (AJL) and AJL makers participated increased were with those shedding devices to show the wider remarkably, 2) the number of rigid rapier looms (RRL) versatility of RLs. decreased, 3) at last there is no shuttle loom (SL) , and There were many Computer Aided Design (CAD) 4) the gripper looms (GL) exhibited are monopolized by systems for fabric design at the 4th OTEMAS, e.g, these one maker as usual. of Kayaba, Sawa, Takemura, etc. The possible number of Most of the looms exhibited were moved automatically weft yarns (color selection) for the AJLs was up to six and systematically by using electronics. Hence it was colors. seen that the technical development of looms in the The first AJLs disclosed by Iwama and Hiraiwa at the future will be for Factory Automation (FA) or Computer 4th OTEMAS were weaving towels. It may be a trial to Integrated Manufacturing (CIM). Even so, the speed race develop the new market for the new comers. According between loom makers was still continued for the demon- to the 1998 Textile Yearbook (Sen-i Nenkan), the number stration of high speed possibility. of towel looms placed in Japan was about 18,600.

Vol. 36, No.l 15