WSC Accelerate with IBM Storage: Introduction to Open Systems Tape 101

Carl Reasoner Reena Patel

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Also, check out the WSC YouTube Channel here: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLSdmGMn4Aud-gKUBCR8K0kscCiF6E6ZYD&disable_polymer=true 2018 Webinars: January 9 – DS8880 Easy Tier September 13 - DS8880 Technical Update January 17 – Start 2018 Fast! What's New for Spectrum Scale V5 and ESS September 20 - IBM/Broadcom SAN Extension February 8 - VersaStack - Solutions For Fast Deployments September 27 – Introduction to Open Systems Tape 101 February 16 - TS7700 R4.1 Phase 2 GUI with Live Demo October 2 - Copy Services Manager / Safeguarded Copy Update – February 22 - DS8880 Transparent Cloud Tiering Live Demo Register Here: March 7 - Spectrum Storage Management, Control, Insights, Foundation https://ibm.webex.com/ibm/onstage/g.php?MTID=e4eb89983163bbb0d7a9c7f March 15 - IBM FlashSystem A9000/R and SVC Configuration Best Practices 4b6ad1d220 March 27 - IBM FlashSystem A9000/R Technical Update October 11 – Storage Insights & Storage Insights PRO Use Cases at the April 12 - Introducing Spectrum NAS - The Newest Member in the Spectrum WSC – Register Here: Storage Family April 26 - TS7700 Grid Configuration Changes -- Joins, Merges and Removals https://ibm.webex.com/ibm/onstage/g.php?MTID=e8afacd0495ed7cb13cab34f May 8 - DS8880 Technical Update c6352e850 June 7 – Economic Value of Response Time October 18 – TS7700 usability enhancements in release 4.1.2 - Register June 21 – Deep Dive into Spectrum Scale AFM Here: June 28 - Open System Tape, What’s New https://ibm.webex.com/ibm/onstage/g.php?MTID=e43d9d0ee15a615bcf83799f July 19 - Copy Services Manager Version 6.2.2 Technical Update 157128e44 August 2 - Back to Basics - TS7700 Concepts and Operations August 7 - IBM/Broadcom: Why NVMe-Over Fiber should be on your radar! August 30 - Transforming Traditional IT to a Multi-Cloud strategy leveraging IBM Storage © Copyright IBM Corporation 2018 Accelerate with IBM Storage. Washington Systems Center - Storage

General description of Tape

• Tape is still alive!! It will be alive for many years to come!! • Why? • Lowest cost tier of storage, how can I prove it? • What are the costs? • TCO • TCA • Longevity • Future of tape • Roadmap • Other advantages of tape • Why do some people not like tape? How to overcome the • Who is using tape? • What is available today?

If you care about cost, the answer is YES!

TCO comparison Tape vs Disk

https://www.lto.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/ESG-Economic-Validation-Summary.pdf

TCO comparison Tape vs Cloud

https://www.lto.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/ESG-Economic-Validation-Summary.pdf

Cost metrics

• TCA is the total acquisition price • $ per GB ($0.02 / GB = 2 cents/GB) (TCA)

• TCO Total cost of ownerhip - is total over time • Total Cost for 10 years • $ per GB/month ($0.0005 / GB/Month = 1/20th of a cent/GB/Month) ( TCO vs managed or Cloud)

• Incremental Cost ($ 0.012 /GB) Street price media cost – purchase price

Cost

• TCO • Acquisition price (day 1) TCA • Capacity • Drive and Media type TS1155 JD Media 15 TB native • Library – slots • Performance • Number of drives TS1155 360 MB/sec native

• Time how long is your TCO • Capacity increase over time (data growth rate) • Performance increase requirements over time • Improvements in new drive and media over TCO time • Retention Policy (effects media costs and library growth) • Power costs over time (KWh) • Upgrade Costs

• Other costs can be considered • Floor space • Operational costs

Longevity

• Tape library Life • IBM Media warranty is for 10 years • Generally tapes can be read for the following 2 generations of tape drives. • Long service time for Tape drives & media Example: • TS1120 General Availability 2005 • TS1120 End of Service will be June 30, 2019 • 13+ years of service for the TS1120 • Cartridges written by the TS1120 can still be read by the TS1140 drive ( no EOS has been announced)

Over 65 years of tape innovations

2012 2013 In tape drive technology and software 2011 2012 LTO LTFS EE Gen6 2010 LTFS LTFS 1952 1964 LTFS SM 2002 2004 2010 LE 2017 IBM 726 IBM 2104 1995 2000 2007 SDE 2015 st st LTO Gen2 LTO Gen3 LTO-5 LTO-8 1 magnetic tape drive 1 read/back drive IBM 3590 LTO Gen1 LTO-4 LTO-7

1959 1984 1999 2005 2008 2011 2003 IBM 729 IBM 3480 IBM 3590E TS1120 TS1130 TS1140 2014 2017 st st 3592 Gen1 TS1155 1 read/write drive 1 cartridge drive (3592 G2) (3592 G3) (3592 G4) TS1150 (3592 G5) (3592 55F)

In tape automation and virtualization 1992 2008 2016 2011 IBM 3495 TS2900 TS7760 1962 2005 TS3500 2017 1994 2000 TS3200 2007 TS3500 Connector 2011 TS4300 IBM Tractor System & shuttle LTFS LE IBM 3494 TS3500 TS3300 TS3400 High Density

2008 1997 1999 2001 2006 1974 TS7720 2010 2011 VTS G1 VTS G2 VTS G3 TS7740 TS7740 3850 MSS TS7610 TS7720 2014 (VTS TS7680 TS4500 Gen 4) 2009 2005 2007 2007 2008 TS7650 3584 Gen 4 TS7510 VTL TS7520 TS7530 TS7650G Appliance

IBM has Demonstrated a Tape Technology Pipeline

https://www.theverge.com/2017/8/2/16074568/ibm-330-terabytes-record-uncompressed-data-cartridge-cartridge-tape

IBM-FujiFilm demonstration of 201 Gb/in2 on Sputtered Media 2015: IBM-FujiFilm demonstration of 123 Gb/in2 on BaFe tape 2017: IBM-Sony demonstration of 201 Gb/in2 on Sputtered Tape Product Technology Demonstration 330 TB per cartridge

201 Gbit/in2 sputtered tape

Areal density/capacity scaling achieved by shrinking the same basic technology to write smaller and smaller bits on disk

Data Growth and the GAP with HDD Technology

Bridge the GAP with Tape

• Until 2014 disk capacity growth out performed data growth. • Now data growth is higher than disk capacity growth.

Close the GAP with TAPE

textThe Digital Universe

Zettabytes Created by Year Data Classification by business value Mission Critical 15% Business Critical/Vital 20% 163Z Sensitive 25% B Archive, Long-term 40%

About 60% of all data optimally suited for tape.

Only 26% will be delivered by public cloud DCs

16.1ZB 44ZB

The 163ZB projected in 2025 is only the beginning!

Taken from LTO Storage Outlook. LTO Consortium Austin TX Source: Storage Newsletter 04/2017

LTO Roadmap

2011 2014 2017

TS1100 TS1140 TS1150 TS1155 Generations Max Format Capacity (Native) 10 TB (JD) 15 TB (JD) 4 TB (JC) 7 TB (JC) 7TB (JC) 1.6 TB (JB

Other Format Capacities 1 TB (JB) 4 TB (JC) 10 TB (JD) (Native) 700 GB (JB) 4 TB (JC, R/O) (All JA R/O) Native Data Rate 250 MB/s 360 MB/s 360 MB/s Attachment FC-8 FC-8 FC-8, 10 GigE (RoCE, iSCSI)

Any statements regarding IBM's future direction and intent are subject to change or withdrawal without notice, and represent goals and objectives only. © Copyright IBM Corporation 2018 Accelerate with IBM Storage. Washington Systems Center - Storage

More Advantages of tape

• Low Cost • Length of useful life • Drives • Media • Power Consumption - Each Tape drive consumes about the same as a 50W light bulb – cartridge in slot 0W • Portability

• Reliability – tape is 275 x more reliable than disk

• Streaming speed TS1150 and TS1155 360/MB/sec native streaming speed • Inline compression • Inline encryption • Air Gap

Tape compression and encryption Clear Clear Clear

FC Port 0 FC Port 0 Drive • Built-in AES 256-bit data Host Interface DMA Firmware encryption engine • Look-aside decryption & ear  Processor

decompression help assure data ar integrity. Compression DecompressionCle ear Code • <1% performance and capacity AES AES Memory Encryption Decryption

impact Cl #*4msW @MA8%w*q03!k3iKm4*^Fj&fgtrSIaasl w*q03!k3iKm4Aw^1* • Authentication: SKLM queries Application Specific Integrated Circuit drive certificate and uses public Buffer key to authenticate exchanges Drive ECC and Format Encoding Certificate with Read/Write Electronics Drive’s Public Key Read/Write Head

Tape Drive with Private Key

Tape Media

“Whether you have the best backup solution, the latest anti-virus protection, or multiple versions of back up repositories, this next generation of cybercrime is evolving so quickly that those concepts seldom matter anymore.” * https://www.fujifilmusa.com/products/tape_data_storage/case_studies/pdf/Tape_Air_Gap_Oct2017.pdf

Reasons for not liking tape – overcome the challenges

• Tape Handling • Reduce handling • New generations of media require fewer tapes • Automate – tape library • Remote tape – remote library • Reliability • Tape fails and you don’t know - Media Verification • Multiple copies of backups or archives • Move writing to tape outside backup window (D-D-T) • Backup takes too long • Move write to tape outside backup window (D-D-T) • Reduce primary storage – move inactive files to archive

Reasons for not liking tape – overcome the challenges

• Performance • Time to first data - TS1155 45 Seconds ( scaled capacity with x35 setting(20%) 12 s. • Sequential Access (streaming) • Tape Streaming Performance of drive TS1155 360 MB/sec (compressed sustained rate 750 MB/s) • Cartridge / Format • Blocksize • Compression Ratio • Disk Performance / File Size • Stop / Start – Shoe Shinning – Larger tape buffers – (virtual backhitch) • HBA to drive fan out • Path

Constraining Variable

Disk  SAN  HBA  PCI BUS  CPU  Memory 

 LAN  Server  HBA  SAN  Tape

Constraining variable

Reasons for not liking tape – overcome the challenges

• Having to upgrade to new drive technology and media • Migrate • Keep older drives in the library • Tape is not cool! • Low Cost trumps cool

TAPE $AVES YOU...COSTS • ENERGY • DATA • COMPANY • JOB

Future for Tape ▪Traditional Use for Tape: backup, disaster recovery, compliance, archive

10000 HDD Products

NAND Products HDD 20%/yr ?? ) ² 1000 TAPE Products TAPE Demos HDD 40%/yr NAND 40%/yr 2 bit/cell HDD 20%/yr 100

HDD 100%/yr 10

HDD 40%/yr

AREAL DENSITY (Gbit/in DENSITY AREAL 1

NAND TAPE 40%/yr 1 bit/cell 0.1 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014 2016 2018 ▪Value ▪CapacityYEAR ▪Reliability ▪Ease of Use

▪275K time more reliable ▪LTFS ▪1/5th the cost of disk ▪Tape = 40% CAGR ▪Disk = 15% CAGR ▪than disk* ▪SNIA standard

▪It is just not reasonable to think, that future capacity requirements can be handled with HDD and Flash alone. Tape has significant higher economics, better reliability and durability and is faster than HDD.

▪Today/Future: active file archive, low cost NAS storage for easy access to big data, cloud, ▪Cloud HPC and other IT operations – and still for backup (Last line of defense) ▪Tape solutions for cloud ▪are a fraction of the cost

▪Tape Advantages include lowest cost, superior reliability, high speed, ease of use and highly scalable capacity…

▪* Henry Newman, Instrumental Inc., April 19, 2014 ▪* Decad, Fontana, Hetzler – IBM Journal

Beyondtext Backup and Recovery - Tape Use

Leverage ARCHIVING BACKUP LONG TERM Archive large Simple backup solution RETENTION simplicity and volumes of data Easy data access and Simple, policy based tape TCO and Retain data for long restore data migration standardized periods of time Easy data access format .

TIERED STORAGE CUTTING COSTS Simple policy based data FOR CLOUD migration Long term data retention

Easy data access Easy data access 25

Gartner Study 2017

• The use of tape in backup remains far greater than what many perceive; with even higher usage in Europe, compared with North America • Disk-to-tape remains the predominant methodology: 47.59 % of the respondents use D2T or D2D2T

“The most-frequent deployment with tape is D2D2T, and Gartner expects this backup methodology to remain highly deployed in the foreseeable future, as organizations try to obtain maximum life out of their installed tape technology.”

IBM Tape: Reliable and cost-effective solutions for new workloads

Cloud Media and Entertainment Genomics

Big data and analytics Digital Video Surveillance (DVS) Internet of Things (IoT)

What data should be on tape!!!

• Cold data • Static data • Long term retention data • Data that needs to be isolated (Air Gap) • Data must not be changed (WORM)

Your Data

▪ High speed Random Access ▪ Minimal response time required ▪ Frequent access ▪ I/O intensive

▪ Rarely, if ever accessed ▪ Minimal response time required

Sample Case Study

Customer Analysis

Your data

LTFS Tape Evolution – New Use Case with Liner Tape File System

• File System Designed for Tape • Not traditional use of Tape by TAR command nor Tape Backup Software • Allows the user to access to the data on tape using the file manager (Windows Explorer), just like USB memory stick and CD/DVD • Application program can access to the files directly without tape backup/restore program or database

Directory Structure

File List View CD/DVD HDD disc 15TB

USB LTFS-format 128GB Memory cartridge

LTFS Advantages • File System designed for Long-Term Retention and Media Portability • Award-winning technology, invented and maintained by IBM • File System implementation available as open source since 2010 • Open Standard • ISO/IEC 20919:2016 • Data structure on tape • Two Partitions – Index Partition and Data Partition • Industry Collaboration - SNIA Technical Working Group • Version 2.4 approved in 2017 • Logo Program (Compatibility Testing) by LTO Consortium • Self-Describing • Information Exchange by Tape – No Vendor Lock-in • No separate DB server for managing tape contents • Available as IBM Spectrum Archive • 3 Editions; Single Drive Edition (SDE), Library Edition (LE), and Enterprise Edition (EE) © Copyright IBM Corporation 2018 Accelerate with IBM Storage. Washington Systems Center - Storage IBM Storage & SDI IBM Tape Portfolio

What is available today?

Industry’s Broadest Portfolio of Data Protection & Retention Products

Entry Midrange Enterprise

Disk BasedDisk Virtualization

Spectrum Protect Deduplication / Linear Tape File System Tivoli Key Lifecycle Manager / ISKLM Spectrum Protect (TSM), Tape Sys Lib Manager

Software DFSMS

IBM Tape Drive Introduction

IBM LTO8 tape drive IBM TS1155 tape drive

Offered in Full High FC, Half High FC and SAS

Highlights: I am ready • Delivers increased capacity: - 12 TB native and 30 TB with 2.5:1 compression - Full High Maximum data rate = 360 MB/s - Half High Maximum data rate = 300 MB/s • Read/write support of LTO-7 media (BaFe) • Support to write-once-read-many (WORM) cartridges • Tunnel Magnetoresistive head (TMR) - Improved tape interface, extended life and corrosion resistance • Available for IBM branded solutions: - TS4500, TS4300, TS2900, TS2280, TS3500*,TS3100/3200*, TS3310* Features: • Encryption – AME and AES-256 standard support • IBM Spectrum Archive™ support - Linear Tape File System™ format

* Available only as drive upgrade

▪ Improves capacity of TS1150 drive by 50% • Reuses existing JD Barium Ferrite media types to provide up to 15 TB native capacity 3592-55x ‒ Re-Writable and Write Once Read Many (WORM) cartridge at 15 TB ‒ Economy cartridge at 3 TB • 360 MBps native drive data rate • Supports data partitioning, data encryption and key management • Supporting both Fibre and Ethernet interface capabilities – Dual 10Gb optical attachment on new 55E model (for support in TS4500 only) – RoCE v2 protocols support – Dual FC-8 interfaces supported on 55F model Reducing the cost of storing data by increasing capacity in the same physical footprint, reducing • Upgrade options* overall TCO for Linear Tape data − 3592-E08  3592-55G (convert existing TS1150 to TS1155) retention − 3592-55G  3592-55F (purchase new TS1155 for TS3500 and migrate to TS4500 in future)

Choosing the Right Tape Drive

Why Enterprise? Customer LTO Gen 8 TS1150 Feature Requirements TS1155 currently Mainframe batch ✓ Mainframe support via offers over 25% processing TS7700 more capacity than LTO 8 Archive retrieval ✓ High resolution directory Job times for some Fast access to data ✓ High resolution directory applications Large data buffer improve by a factor of 20x or greater Scaled media

Enterprise average access to a file is Start, stop and seek Virtual backhitch ✓ 26% faster than LTO, and rewinds Lowest TCO cost across Media re-use, easier tech. are 30% faster gens ✓ upgrades New access options Lowest Initial cost ✓ Open standards and first to market interfaces

TS2280 TS2900 TS4300 TS4500 Max 12 TB 108 TB 3.2 PB 278 PB capacity*

Max # 1 1 21 128 drives

Max # 1 9 272 23,170 cartridges

*All capacities are based on LTO 8 native format

• Support for LTO Ultrium 8 half-high tape drives - Native data transfer of up to 300 MBps and up to 750 MBps with 2.5:1 compression • LTO generation 8 media specification tape cartridge compressed capacity of up to 30 TB (up to 12 TB native) • 6 Gbps SAS attachment support • 1 GB internal buffer • Application-managed encryption support for half-high LTO 8 SAS tape drive • 16 KB cartridge memory with Ultrium 8 media • Half-high drive form factor • Two SAS ports per drive for improved availability and attachability • IBM Spectrum Archive™ support - Incorporates Linear Tape File System™ format

• Support for LTO Ultrium 6, 7 and 8 half-high tape drives - Native data transfer of up to 300 MBps • LTO generation 8 media specification tape cartridge compressed capacity of up to 30 TB* (up to 12 TB native) • Increased capacity - LTO 8: up to 9 cartridges = up to 270 TB* per library (108 TB native) Save space with a slim-profile, • 6 Gbps SAS attachment support 1U system designed for rack system environments for • Support for encryption automated, high-capacity tape • IBM Spectrum Archive™ support storage - Incorporates Linear Tape File System™ format

* With 2.5:1 compression

IBM TS4300 Tape Library

• Up to 3.2 PB native capacity (with LTO 8 cartridges) ‒ 1 base unit + 6 expansion units • 32 to 272 LTO storage slots* • Up to 5 I/O slots per module • Up to 21 LTO 6, 7 and 8 hot-swappable tape drives − Combination of HH & FH drives • Two drive interfaces: − 8 Gbps Fibre Channel (LTO 6, 7 and 8) − HH- single ported − FH- dual ported − 6 Gbps dual-ported SAS (LTO 6, 7 and 8 ) − Up to 300 MB/sec native performance • Supports Direct attach and SAN attach • IBM Spectrum Archive™ support - Incorporates Linear Tape File System™ format • Data security and regulatory compliance through support for Library Managed Encryption (LME) and WORM media on LTO Ultrium 8, 7, and 6 tape drives

* 40 slots per module (20 per magazine) includes 5 optional I/O. 8 lowest slots of module 1 (lowest module) not accessible

Standard Features • Management GUI • Web Interface • Operator Panel • Library Partitioning • Prevents unwanted access to slots/drives among different use cases • Up to 21 logical libraries (up to number of drives installed) • Persistent Binding • WWNN does not change after a drive is replaced • Encryption • Application Managed Encryption is a standard feature of the library • Notifications • Supports SNMP, SMTP (Email notification), LDAP (remote authentication), Active Directory (Kerberos) SNTP (Simple Network Time protocol)

Optional Features Rack mount – for Base module Path Failover (Data and Control) Library Managed Encryption (KMIP) First Power Supply (for E3A) IBM / Business Partner Use Only Redundant power supply

IBM TS4500 Tape Library

• Increased capacity - Up to 278 PB per library (up to 695 PB with 2.5 to 1 compression) with LTO8 drives or up to 263 PB per library (789.75 PB with 3:1 compression) with TS1155 drives - Up to 128 tape drives - LTO 5, 6, 7 8 tape drive - TS1140, TS1150 or TS1155 tape drives - Up to 17,500 3592 cartridges or 23,170 LTO cartridges - Optional dual accessor - Up to 18 frames • IBM Spectrum Archive™ support - Incorporates Linear Tape File System™ format Increase capacity by storing up to 278 PB of uncompressed data per library with the new Linear Tape-Open (LTO) Ultrium 8 drives or • Data security and regulatory compliance through up to 263.25 PB per library using 3592 support for Encryption and WORM media on LTO cartridges. Ultrium 8, 7, and 6 tape drives

TS4500 Tape Library Model Lx5 Up to 12 Drives 36 I/O - LTO 32 I/O - 3592 Licensed Slot Capacity Entry Interm Base HD LTO 730 100 200 400 3592 550

Up to 3.3X the slot density of TS3500 with more standard features including: ▪ Advanced Library Management System (ALMS) – Dynamic partitioning – Transparent Capacity on Demand – Virtual I/O (VIO) – Cartridge cache ▪ Two I/O Stations ▪ System console capabilities e.g. broadband call home (formerly TSSC)

▪ New HD Capacity on Demand option ▪ 2 I/O Stations optional ▪ No capacity reduction for tape drives

TS4500 Expansion Model Dx5

Up to 16 Drives

Licensed Slot Capacity HD w/ HD w/o Base I/O I/O LTO 882 970 500 3592 660 740

Mainframe-ready

▪ Integrate TS7700 backend switches  New 16 Gb switches ▪ Attach to TS7700 TSSC for centralized service  IMC maintains role of local operator GUI ▪ GUI support for preset TS7700 logical library

IBM Security Key Lifecycle Manager (SKLM)

Self-Encrypting Devices

• SKLM is a Key Distribution and Disk Storage Arrays Management software solution e.g. DS8000, DS5xxx, IBM Spectrum Accelerate (XIV), … SKLM • Uses standard protocols Enterprise Tape Libraries e.g. TS11xx, TS2xxx, TS3xxx, (i.e. KMIP: Key Management Interoperability Protocol)

Databases (e.g. DB2) KMIP / IPP / KMIP • Provides centralized key mgmt for Network storage servers (NetApp) self-encrypting drives (tape, disk)

• Light-weight and highly-scalable Smart Meter Infrastructures

SKLM Background SKLM • SKLM helps customers keep data Cloud file systems, Elastic private, compliant, and encryption Storage, Big Data / Data Warehouse (IBM Spectrum Scale keys well-managed Netezza, etc.)

• Expanding support for flash IBM Flash Storage storage, cloud storage, network devices, etc. Software: • VMware vSphere • Multi-Cloud Data Encryption

Spectrum Archive EE – Tape Tier for Scalable File Storage

• Automated File-System Data Management Client Applications • Seamlessly incorporates tape storage under the single namespace Multiple Protocol Support • Keep data in active archive at much lower costs ($0.01/GB/Year) Single name space • Policy-based data placement • Persistent view of the data - data still listed in directories • Once data is accessed it is moved to disk – recall on CIO Finance Engineering demand Spectrum Scale Spectrum Archive EE

• Tape as the external pool of Spectrum Scale Flash Disk Tape • Tapes in LTFS format Gold Pool Silver Pool LTFS Pool • Exporting tapes to other site and accessible with other LTFS software 2 Tape Libraries • Supports entire IBM tape product portfolio Tier 1 Up to 500 PB • Enterprise Tape Tier 2 (with TS1155 Tape Drives) • LTO Tape Tier 3 • CLI, REST API, Grafana-based dashboard screen

Tape: Key Attributes that Reduce Cost of Ownership

1) Enterprise Tape Media Reuse: Multi-Generational re-formatting of cartridges allowing major savings by upgrading to higher capacities for next generation of Enterprise Drives

2) Intelligent Management & Automation features of TS4500 minimize human intervention during operations

3) Adding capacity to an existing library frames requires no additional power or disruption to IT operations - IT administrator loads a magazine of cartridges through specially designed I/O port - Virtual I/O feature reduces operator intervention - Newer and Higher capacity cartridges further reduces amount of operating handling

4) Automatic Media Verification: Background operation to validate readability of infrequently accessed cartridges

5) Manage library, with easy to use GUI, from anywhere via the web, no additional software required

6) Eliminate costly SAN: Ethernet host interface on drive reduces cost and admin savings

7) Create Multiple copies of data on separate cartridges to increase data protection and for development ops

8) Built-in encryption: Native hardware level compresses then encrypts insuring maximum compressability

9) Air Gap: Mitigates Ransomware Risks

10) Green technology. Each Tape drive consumes about the same as a 50W light bulb

References

• IBM Knowledge Center - https://www.ibm.com/support/knowledgecenter/ • TS4500 • TS4300 • TS1100 • Spectrum Archive Enterprise Edition • Spectrum Archive Library Edition • Spectrum Archive Stand Alone Edition • IBM Independent Software Vendor (ISV) Matrix – https://www-01.ibm.com/common/ssi/cgi- bin/ssialias?subtype=WH&infotype=SA&appname=STGE_IV_IV_USEN&htmlfid=IVL12347USEN&at tachment=IVL12347USEN.PDF • IBM Tape Redbooks - http://www.redbooks.ibm.com/Redbooks.nsf/domains/tape • ESG Economic Validation Summary Report, Quantifying the Economic Benefits of LTO-8 Technology, August 2018 https://www.lto.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/08/ESG-Economic-Validation-Summary.pdf