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Para Conhecer a Terra: Memórias E Notícias De Geociências No Espaço Lusófono Autor(Es): Lopes, F.C. (Coord.); Andrade, A. I
Para conhecer a Terra: memórias e notícias de Geociências no espaço lusófono Lopes, F.C. (coord.); Andrade, A. I. (coord.); Henriques, M. H. (coord.); Autor(es): Quinta-Ferreira, M. (coord.); Reis, R. Pena dos (coord.); Barata, M. T. (coord.) Publicado por: Imprensa da Universidade de Coimbra URL persistente: URI:http://hdl.handle.net/10316.2/24406 DOI: DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.14195/978-989-26-0534-0 Accessed : 11-Oct-2021 03:52:55 A navegação consulta e descarregamento dos títulos inseridos nas Bibliotecas Digitais UC Digitalis, UC Pombalina e UC Impactum, pressupõem a aceitação plena e sem reservas dos Termos e Condições de Uso destas Bibliotecas Digitais, disponíveis em https://digitalis.uc.pt/pt-pt/termos. Conforme exposto nos referidos Termos e Condições de Uso, o descarregamento de títulos de acesso restrito requer uma licença válida de autorização devendo o utilizador aceder ao(s) documento(s) a partir de um endereço de IP da instituição detentora da supramencionada licença. Ao utilizador é apenas permitido o descarregamento para uso pessoal, pelo que o emprego do(s) título(s) descarregado(s) para outro fim, designadamente comercial, carece de autorização do respetivo autor ou editor da obra. Na medida em que todas as obras da UC Digitalis se encontram protegidas pelo Código do Direito de Autor e Direitos Conexos e demais legislação aplicável, toda a cópia, parcial ou total, deste documento, nos casos em que é legalmente admitida, deverá conter ou fazer-se acompanhar por este aviso. pombalina.uc.pt digitalis.uc.pt 9 789892 605111 Série Documentos A presente obra reúne um conjunto de contribuições apresentadas no I Congresso Imprensa da Universidade de Coimbra Internacional de Geociências na CPLP, que decorreu de 14 a 16 de maio de 2012 no Coimbra University Press Auditório da Reitoria da Universidade de Coimbra. -
ENERGY COUNTRY REVIEW Sudan
ENERGY COUNTRY REVIEW Sudan keyfactsenergy.com KEYFACTS Energy Country Review Sudan Most of Sudan's and South Sudan's proved reserves of oil and natural gas are located in the Muglad and Melut Basins, which extend into both countries. Natural gas associated with oil production is flared or reinjected into wells to improve oil output rates. Neither country currently produces or consumes dry natural gas. In Sudan, the Ministry of Finance and National Economy (MOFNE) regulates domestic refining operations and oil imports. The Sudanese Petroleum Corporation (SPC), an arm of the Ministry of Petroleum, is responsible for exploration, production, and distribution of crude oil and petroleum products in accordance with regulations set by the MOFNE. The SPC purchases crude oil at a subsidized cost from MOFNE and the China National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC). The Sudan National Petroleum Corporation (Sudapet) is the national oil company in Sudan. History Sudan (the Republic of the Sudan) is bordered by Egypt (north), the Red Sea, Eritrea, and Ethiopia (east), South Sudan (south), the Central African Republic (southwest), Chad (west) and Libya (northwest). People lived in the Nile valley over 10,000 years ago. Rule by Egypt was replaced by the Nubian Kingdom of Kush in 1700 BC, persisting until 400 AD when Sudan became an outpost of the Byzantine empire. During the 16th century the Funj people, migrating from the south, dominated until 1821 when Egypt, under the Ottomans, Country Key Facts Official name: Republic of the Sudan Capital: Khartoum Population: 42,089,084 (2019) Area: 1.86 million square kilometers Form of government: Presidential Democratic Republic Language: Arabic, English Religion Sunni Muslim, small Christian minority Currency: Sudanese pound Calling code: +249 KEYFACTS Energy Country Review Sudan invaded. -
Instituto Da Cooperação Portuguesa (Portugal)
Instituto da Cooperação Portuguesa (Portugal) Ministério da Energia e Águas de Angola SOUTHERN AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT COMMUNITY PLAN FOR THE INTEGRATED UTILIZATION OF THE WATER RESOURCES OF THE HYDROGRAPHIC BASIN OF THE CUNENE RIVER SYNTHESIS LNEC – Laboratório Nacional de Engenharia Civil Page 1/214 LNEC – Proc.605/1/11926 MINISTÉRIO DO EQUIPAMENTO SOCIAL Laboratório Nacional de Engenharia Civil DEPARTMENT OF HYDRAULICS Section for Structural Hydraulics Proc.605/1/11926 PLAN FOR THE INTEGRATED UTILIZATION OF THE WATER RESOURCES OF THE HYDROGRAPHIC BASIN OF THE CUNENE RIVER Report 202/01 – NHE Lisbon, July 2001 A study commissioned by the Portuguese Institute for Cooperation I&D HYDRAULICS Page 2/214 LNEC – Proc.605/1/11926 PLAN FOR THE INTEGRATED UTILIZATION OF THE WATER RESOURCES OF THE HYDROGRAPHIC BASIN OF THE CUNENE RIVER SYNTHESIS Page 3/214 LNEC – Proc.605/1/11926 PLAN FOR THE INTEGRATED UTILIZATION OF THE WATER RESOURCES OF THE HYDROGRAPHIC BASIN OF THE CUNENE RIVER INTRODUCTORY NOTE This report synthesizes a number of documents that have been elaborated for the Portuguese Institute for Cooperation. The main objective of the work was to establish a Plan for the Integrated Utilization of the Water Resources of the Hydrographic Basin of the Cunene River. As the elaboration of this Plan is a multi-disciplinary task, it was deemed preferable to grant independence of reporting on the work of each team that contributed to the final objective. That is why each report consists of a compilation of volumes. REPORT I VOLUME 1 – SYNTHESIS (discarded) -
1 Name 2 History
Sudan This article is about the country. For the geographical two civil wars and the War in the Darfur region. Sudan region, see Sudan (region). suffers from poor human rights most particularly deal- “North Sudan” redirects here. For the Kingdom of North ing with the issues of ethnic cleansing and slavery in the Sudan, see Bir Tawil. nation.[18] For other uses, see Sudan (disambiguation). i as-Sūdān /suːˈdæn/ or 1 Name السودان :Sudan (Arabic /suːˈdɑːn/;[11]), officially the Republic of the Sudan[12] Jumhūrīyat as-Sūdān), is an Arab The country’s place name Sudan is a name given to a جمهورية السودان :Arabic) republic in the Nile Valley of North Africa, bordered by geographic region to the south of the Sahara, stretching Egypt to the north, the Red Sea, Eritrea and Ethiopia to from Western to eastern Central Africa. The name de- the east, South Sudan to the south, the Central African or “the ,(بلاد السودان) rives from the Arabic bilād as-sūdān Republic to the southwest, Chad to the west and Libya lands of the Blacks", an expression denoting West Africa to the northwest. It is the third largest country in Africa. and northern-Central Africa.[19] The Nile River divides the country into eastern and west- ern halves.[13] Its predominant religion is Islam.[14] Sudan was home to numerous ancient civilizations, such 2 History as the Kingdom of Kush, Kerma, Nobatia, Alodia, Makuria, Meroë and others, most of which flourished Main article: History of Sudan along the Nile River. During the predynastic period Nu- bia and Nagadan Upper Egypt were identical, simulta- neously evolved systems of pharaonic kingship by 3300 [15] BC. -
Country Environmental Profile for Malawi
COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES EC Framework Contract EuropeAid/119860/C/SV/multi Lot 6: Environment Beneficiaries: Malawi Request for Services N°2006/122946 Country Environmental Profile for Malawi Draft Report (Mrs. B. Halle, Mr. J. Burgess) August 2006 Consortium AGRIFOR Consult Parc CREALYS, Rue L. Genonceaux 14 B - 5032 Les Isnes - Belgium Tel : + 32 81 - 71 51 00 - Fax : + 32 81 - 40 02 55 Email : [email protected] ARCA Consulting (IT) – CEFAS (GB) - CIRAD (FR) – DFS (DE) – EPRD (PL) - FORENVIRON (HU) – INYPSA (ES) – ISQ (PT) – Royal Haskoning (NL) This report is financed by the European Commission and is presented by AGRIFOR Consult for the Government of Malawi and the European Commission. It does not necessarily reflect the opinion of the Government of Malawi or the European Commission. Consortium AGRIFOR Consult 1 Table of Contents Acronyms and Abbreviations 3 1. Summary 6 1.1 State of the environment 6 1.2 Environmental policy, legislative and institutional framework 8 1.3 EU and other donor co-operation with the Country from an environmental perspective 10 1.4 Conclusions and recommendations 11 2. State of the Environment 15 2.1 Physical and biological environment 15 2.1.1 Climate, climate change and climate variability 15 2.1.2 Geology and mineral resources 16 2.1.3 Land and soils 16 2.1.4 Water (lakes, rivers, surface water, groundwater) 17 2.1.5 Ecosystems and biodiversity 19 2.1.6 Risk of natural disasters 20 2.2 Socio-economic environment 21 2.2.1 Pressures on the natural resources 21 2.2.2 Urban areas and industries 31 2.2.3 Poverty and living conditions in human settlements 35 2.3 Environment situation and trends 37 2.4 Environmental Indicators 38 3. -
Martian Crater Morphology
ANALYSIS OF THE DEPTH-DIAMETER RELATIONSHIP OF MARTIAN CRATERS A Capstone Experience Thesis Presented by Jared Howenstine Completion Date: May 2006 Approved By: Professor M. Darby Dyar, Astronomy Professor Christopher Condit, Geology Professor Judith Young, Astronomy Abstract Title: Analysis of the Depth-Diameter Relationship of Martian Craters Author: Jared Howenstine, Astronomy Approved By: Judith Young, Astronomy Approved By: M. Darby Dyar, Astronomy Approved By: Christopher Condit, Geology CE Type: Departmental Honors Project Using a gridded version of maritan topography with the computer program Gridview, this project studied the depth-diameter relationship of martian impact craters. The work encompasses 361 profiles of impacts with diameters larger than 15 kilometers and is a continuation of work that was started at the Lunar and Planetary Institute in Houston, Texas under the guidance of Dr. Walter S. Keifer. Using the most ‘pristine,’ or deepest craters in the data a depth-diameter relationship was determined: d = 0.610D 0.327 , where d is the depth of the crater and D is the diameter of the crater, both in kilometers. This relationship can then be used to estimate the theoretical depth of any impact radius, and therefore can be used to estimate the pristine shape of the crater. With a depth-diameter ratio for a particular crater, the measured depth can then be compared to this theoretical value and an estimate of the amount of material within the crater, or fill, can then be calculated. The data includes 140 named impact craters, 3 basins, and 218 other impacts. The named data encompasses all named impact structures of greater than 100 kilometers in diameter. -
Chapter 1: General Introduction
THE CHEMOTAXONOMY, PHYLOGENY AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF THE GENUS ERIOCEPHALUS L. (ASTERACEAE) Elizabeth Wanjiku Njenga A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, in fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree Of Doctor of Philosophy Johannesburg, 2005. i DECLARATION I declare that this thesis is my own work. It is submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg. It has not been submitted for any degree or examination at any other university. The abstracts and copies of paper(s) included are part of this work. Signature Date ii DEDICATION To Joy, Shalom and George, my lifetime friends, for their love, courage, strength and prayers that inspired me to face all the challenges… iii ABSTRACT The genus Eriocephalus commonly known as ‘wild rosemary’, ‘Cape snow bush’, or ‘kapokbos’ is a member of the family Asteraceae (tribe Anthemideae). The genus is endemic to southern Africa, with the highest concentration of species in the Western and Northern Cape. The genus comprises 32 species and a total of 42 taxa, which are distributed in South Africa, Namibia, Botswana, and Lesotho. The characters used in species delimitation are purely based on morphological variation in floral and foliar parts and are highly homoplastic due to phenotypic plasticity. In many cases these features are not sufficiently distinctive, as some taxa tend to exhibit dimorphism in some character states such as the presence of opposite and alternate leaves. In some species there is extensive intergrading of the major diagnostic characters leading to uncertainty in species delimitation. -
Hiking Guide to Mount Mulanje
Hiking Guide to Mount Mulanje by Drew Corbyn Hiking Guide to Mount Mulanje by Drew Corbyn This publication was produced by the Mountain Club of Malawi and sponsored by the Mulanje Mountain Conservation Trust. Published January 2017. Contents Introduction ....................................................................................... 4 Mount Mulanje ................................................................................... 5 Routes and Peaks ............................................................................. 5 Mountain Huts .................................................................................. 7 Guides and Porters ........................................................................... 7 Forestry and Hut Fees ....................................................................... 8 Mountain Club of Malawi (MCM) ....................................................... 9 Climate and When to Trek ............................................................... 10 Environment .................................................................................... 10 Health and Safety ............................................................................ 11 Rock Climbing ................................................................................. 12 Interactive Guides ........................................................................... 12 More Information ............................................................................. 13 Getting There and Away…………………………………………………15 Table of -
Context New Displacements
SUDAN Figure Analysis – Displacement Related to Conflict and Violence CONTEXT Conflict worsened in Sudan in 2018, with renewed fighting in the Jebel Marrah mountains on the borders of South, North and Central Darfur. Clashes between the government and local armed factions regularly broke out in this area, and in 2018 the number of new displacements nearly tripled compared to 2017, rising to 41,000. Conflict-induced displacements were also recorded in South Kordofan due to clashes between the Sudanese army and the local armed groups. People also returned home in 2018, mostly to the five states in Darfur. About 5,600 people reportedly returned through the country, though it is unclear how sustainable these returns are because new settlers have attacked returning IDPs on several occasions. The Sudanese government has also decided to convert several IDP camps into residential areas.12 The outcomes of these initiatives remain to be seen. Partial or unverified solutions Number of IDPs who Number of IDPs whose New displacements Total number of IDPs have made partial progress towards progress towards a durable solutions durable solution cannot be verified 41,000 2,072,000 No data available 5,600 (Year figure was last updated: (1 January – 31 December 2018) 2018) This corresponds to new This corresponds to the total This corresponds to the This corresponds to the instances of internal number of individuals living in number of IDPs whom our number of IDPs whom our displacement having occurred internal displacement as of 31 data providers have identified data providers have identified in 2018. December 2018. as having returned, resettled as having returned, resettled or locally integrated in 2018 or locally integrated in 2018 and for whom the evidence but for whom there is no obtained by IDMC suggests available evidence to that progress toward durable corroborate progress toward solutions is only partial given durable solutions. -
Investment Opportunities in Africa
A PUBLICATION BY THE AFRICAN AMBASSADORS GROUP IN CAIRO INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITIES IN AFRICA In collaboration with the African Export-Import Bank (Afreximbank) A PUBLICATION BY THE AFRICAN AMBASSADORS GROUP IN CAIRO INVESTMENT OPPORTUNITIES IN AFRICA © Copyright African Ambassadors Group in Cairo, 2018. All rights reserved. African Ambassadors Group in Cairo Email: [email protected] This publication was produced by the African Ambassadors Group in Cairo in collaboration with the African Export-Import Bank (Afreximbank) TABLE OF CONTENTS FOREWORD 8 VOTE OF THANKS 10 INTRODUCTION 12 THE PEOPLE’S DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF ALGERIA 14 THE REPUBLIC OF ANGOLA 18 BURKINA FASO 22 THE REPUBLIC OF BURUNDI 28 THE REPUBLIC OF CAMEROON 32 THE REPUBLIC OF CHAD 36 THE UNION OF COMOROS 40 THE DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO 44 THE REPUBLIC OF CONGO 50 THE REPUBLIC OF CÔTE D’IVOIRE 56 THE REPUBLIC OF DJIBOUTI 60 THE ARAB REPUBLIC OF EGYPT 66 THE STATE OF ERITREA 70 THE FEDERAL DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF ETHIOPIA 74 THE REPUBLIC OF EQUATORIAL GUINEA 78 THE GABONESE REPUBLIC 82 THE REPUBLIC OF GHANA 86 THE REPUBLIC OF GUINEA 90 THE REPUBLIC OF KENYA 94 THE REPUBLIC OF LIBERIA 98 THE REPUBLIC OF MALAWI 102 THE REPUBLIC OF MALI 108 THE REPUBLIC OF MAURITIUS 112 THE KINGDOM OF MOROCCO 116 THE REPUBLIC OF MOZAMBIQUE 120 THE REPUBLIC OF NAMIBIA 126 THE REPUBLIC OF NIGER 130 THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF NIGERIA 134 THE REPUBLIC OF RWANDA 138 THE REPUBLIC OF SIERRA LEONE 144 THE FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF SOMALIA 148 THE REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA 152 THE REPUBLIC OF SOUTH SUDAN 158 THE REPUBLIC OF THE SUDAN 162 THE UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA 166 THE REPUBLIC OF TUNISIA 170 THE REPUBLIC OF UGANDA 174 THE REPUBLIC OF ZAMBIA 178 THE REPUBLIC OF ZIMBABWE 184 ABOUT AFREXIMBANK 188 FOREWORD Global perception on Africa has positively evolved. -
March 21–25, 2016
FORTY-SEVENTH LUNAR AND PLANETARY SCIENCE CONFERENCE PROGRAM OF TECHNICAL SESSIONS MARCH 21–25, 2016 The Woodlands Waterway Marriott Hotel and Convention Center The Woodlands, Texas INSTITUTIONAL SUPPORT Universities Space Research Association Lunar and Planetary Institute National Aeronautics and Space Administration CONFERENCE CO-CHAIRS Stephen Mackwell, Lunar and Planetary Institute Eileen Stansbery, NASA Johnson Space Center PROGRAM COMMITTEE CHAIRS David Draper, NASA Johnson Space Center Walter Kiefer, Lunar and Planetary Institute PROGRAM COMMITTEE P. Doug Archer, NASA Johnson Space Center Nicolas LeCorvec, Lunar and Planetary Institute Katherine Bermingham, University of Maryland Yo Matsubara, Smithsonian Institute Janice Bishop, SETI and NASA Ames Research Center Francis McCubbin, NASA Johnson Space Center Jeremy Boyce, University of California, Los Angeles Andrew Needham, Carnegie Institution of Washington Lisa Danielson, NASA Johnson Space Center Lan-Anh Nguyen, NASA Johnson Space Center Deepak Dhingra, University of Idaho Paul Niles, NASA Johnson Space Center Stephen Elardo, Carnegie Institution of Washington Dorothy Oehler, NASA Johnson Space Center Marc Fries, NASA Johnson Space Center D. Alex Patthoff, Jet Propulsion Laboratory Cyrena Goodrich, Lunar and Planetary Institute Elizabeth Rampe, Aerodyne Industries, Jacobs JETS at John Gruener, NASA Johnson Space Center NASA Johnson Space Center Justin Hagerty, U.S. Geological Survey Carol Raymond, Jet Propulsion Laboratory Lindsay Hays, Jet Propulsion Laboratory Paul Schenk, -
Martian Subsurface Properties and Crater Formation Processes Inferred from Fresh Impact Crater Geometries
Martian Subsurface Properties and Crater Formation Processes Inferred From Fresh Impact Crater Geometries The Harvard community has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters Citation Stewart, Sarah T., and Gregory J. Valiant. 2006. Martian subsurface properties and crater formation processes inferred from fresh impact crater geometries. Meteoritics and Planetary Sciences 41: 1509-1537. Published Version http://meteoritics.org/ Citable link http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:4727301 Terms of Use This article was downloaded from Harvard University’s DASH repository, and is made available under the terms and conditions applicable to Other Posted Material, as set forth at http:// nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:dash.current.terms-of- use#LAA Meteoritics & Planetary Science 41, Nr 10, 1509–1537 (2006) Abstract available online at http://meteoritics.org Martian subsurface properties and crater formation processes inferred from fresh impact crater geometries Sarah T. STEWART* and Gregory J. VALIANT Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Harvard University, 20 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA *Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected] (Received 22 October 2005; revision accepted 30 June 2006) Abstract–The geometry of simple impact craters reflects the properties of the target materials, and the diverse range of fluidized morphologies observed in Martian ejecta blankets are controlled by the near-surface composition and the climate at the time of impact. Using the Mars Orbiter Laser Altimeter (MOLA) data set, quantitative information about the strength of the upper crust and the dynamics of Martian ejecta blankets may be derived from crater geometry measurements.