International Journal of Scientific Research and Review ISSN NO: 2279-543X

THE RELIGIOUS COMPOSITION OF POPULATION IN : AN ANALYSIS, 2011

HIMANSHU SANGWAN

RESEARCH SCHOLAR, YBN UNIVERSITY, RANCHI, JHARKHAND

DR. BALWAN SINGH

ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR, GOVT. COLLEGE, , HARYANA

ABSTRACT

The name Haryana has been gotten from two Sanskrit Word, Hari (God) and Aranya (woodland) and the name itself is referenced in the works which go back to twelfth Century AD. The historical backdrop of Haryana goes back to the Vedic human advancement and Indus Valley Civilization times. Haryana has been a seat of development residence and host of exercises previously. It was a piece of the Koreav area during the Mahabharata. The epic war of Mahabharata was battled on the field of which is a significant recorded occasion of Haryana. According to Census of India, 2011, Haryana‟s all out population is 2.54 crores which is a slight increment from the absolute population of 2.11 crores in Census, 2001. The male population in Haryana is 13,494,734 and female is 11,856,728 according to Census, 2011. In this paper we will study about the religious composition of population in Haryana.

Keywords:- Cencus, religious, population, Haryana, hindu, caste,

I. INTRODUCTION In 1919, the Haryana domain generally compared to the Ambala, a Division of The individuals of Haryana had a Punjab which was shaped in 1890 with 6 significant impact in the uprising of 1857. districts of Ambala, Karnal, , This was, justifiably, not loved by the , and Shimla just as six: 'local Britishers. They needed the individuals of conditions' of Pataudi, Dujana, Loharu, Haryana 'to be shown a thing or two for Jind, Patiala and Nabha. It comprised two their trouble making. As needs be, they kinds of domain for example the British were dealt with pitifully. The entryways of region involving the districts of Ambala, taxpayer driven organizations were shut Karnal, Gurgaon, Rohtak dry Hisar upon them, they were prevented different spreading over a region of 14004 square advantages from securing the raj like miles and the second the local states education, health and social welfare referenced above with a territory of 2839 measures, irrigational offices and so forth miles. The all out population of Haryana for a truly lengthy time span. Thus the domain was 14% of the all out population individuals here turned out to be truly the of Punjab 2667250 (73.20%) of them were hewers of wood and drawers of water. Hindus, 229639 (0.63%) were Jainis and a They were a 'colony' of Punjab. couple of hundred made out of Buddhists,

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Christians and Parsis. The region was majority of them having received absolutely country having no city in the horticulture as their hobby. Be that as it cutting edge sense. may, the Hindu displaced people are moved in towns and establish a class Demographically the all out population of without anyone else's input. The the state according to Census 2011, is retrogressive castes comprise of Artisans, 2,53,53,081, out of which 1,35,05,130 Kumhars, Nais, Telis and Khatis and so (53.26%) are males and forth. The Scheduled Castes who are 11847951(38.57%) are females. The 19.07% of the state population incorporate country population is 14968850 (71.0%) the Chamars, Balmikis, Khatiks and and the staying 6114139 (29.0%) is urban. Dhanaks and so on. The rest of the 4% The thickness of population is 573 of originate from various castes. every 2011 for each sq. km.

1.1 Social View In religion-wise creation, the Hindus The state speaks to an assorted variety of establish the heft of population, that is, language, religion and caste. Larger part of 89%, which were 89.23% as per 1971 the individuals are Hindi-talking and only census. The level of Muslims and Sikhs is one-fourth communicate in Punjabi, Urdu 4 and 6% separately. The Christians and and different dialects. The lingos are the Jainies comprise 0.01 and 0.31 % of Mewati, Ahirwati and Bangru. The state the state population individually and 0.2% comprises of two principle divisions as far don't share their religion. as caste and class the agriculturists and the non-agriculturists. This is, a heritage from II. HARYANA the times of the Unionist Party of Sir Chhotu Ram when he looked to free Haryana is a state situated in the northern agriculturist classes from the abuse by piece of the nation and has New as non-agriculturist urban classes. Presently its neighbor alongside Punjab and the agriculturist castes establish about 65% Rajasthan. Gurgaon is one of the most of the all out population and have a huge encouraging territories of Haryana and has hold over the country power structure. The built up a great deal as of late. Gurgaon Jats, the most predominant caste structure has been the focal point of improvement 38%, Ahirs7%, Gujars 6%, Rajputs 4% for some, IT organizations in this way (which incorporates 2% of Mea Muslims there has been a flood of youth population of Gurgaon). Rors and Sainisand Tyagis into the state. Haryana shares its capital 15% each, If 5% of the Brahmins are with the province of Punjab. is incorporated into the agriculturist caste, the capital of both Punjab and Haryana. their complete quality would be between Haryana has regularly been reprimanded 55% to 60%. Other than these agriculturist for its low sex proportion something the castes almost 20% of the state population state government needs to chip away at comprises of evacuees from West Punjab The Population of Haryana as per the 2011 who moved after the segment of the nation census remains at around 25 million, in 1948. They incorporate Sikhs, the vast making it the seventeenth most populated

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state in India. The state lies in the northern straightforward terms, religion might be piece of the nation and is very much characterized as man‟s faith in associated with the capital of India. There extraordinary, or in what excites a is an immense inundation of population sentiment of stunningness or devotion in into Gurgaon, which is a piece of Haryana him, or in what he thinks about sacrosanct. from Delhi. The state is spread over a territory of about 44000sq. km. making it Religion delivers an unmistakable frame of the twentieth biggest state in the nation as mind towards life and this direction far as zone. The thickness of population influences further improvement of the per sq. Km. is around 570 which is over general public. A religious gathering is an the national normal. The state has a affiliation or network that offers development pace of about 19% which comparative convictions, images and marginally surpasses the national religious practices. The population development pace of about 17%. The attributes of religious groups are population of the state is rising extensively significant from arranging perspective. because of quick endeavors towards These should be examined so as to improvement and advancement. The improve the adequacy of strategies proficiency rate in the state is about 76% planned for improving the conditions and an assume that has improved colossally prosperity of the religious groups. This over the most recent couple of years examination expects to look at the because of the predictable endeavors of the significant religious groups in the light of administration. The sex proportion in their conveyance, development, sex Haryana leaves a ton to be wanted as it proportion, education, work support and lingers behind the national normal by 70. age structure; and contrasts them and each The measurements in the Haryana Census other just as with "Every Religious 2011 uncover actualities that can be Group". instrumental in making arrangements for a 2.2 Demographic Structure of Haryana superior advancement plan for the state. According to census 2011 all out 2.1 Religion population of Haryana is 2.54 crores. Sex Religion is one of the most seasoned proportion is 879 females for every 1000 essential socio-social qualities related with males and proficiency rate is 75.55 the humankind and civilisations made by percent. Hindus (87.45 %), Muslims (7.03 them more than a huge number of long %), Sikhs (4.19 %). In Hindu, Jats, Ahirs, stretches of known history (Registrar Brahmans and Rajputs are the principle General of India, 2004). Religion is a lot social groups. In Haryana provincial of convictions, images and practices which Scheduled Castes population is 3210917 depends on the possibility of the (21.36 %) to the complete rustic sacrosanct and which joins devotees into a population of Haryana, out of which male socio-religious network. In any case, the comprise 1717071 (53.48 %) and female term „religion‟ isn't anything but difficult population offer is 1493846 (46.42 %) as to characterize in light of the fact that it per the census of India 2001 Density of has such a large number of aspects. In Population.

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The thickness of population is impacted by Sikhs up to 1981 and Buddhist moreover. different factors, for example, profitability As per 2001 census 16.48% of the of soils, atmosphere, geology, mechanical complete population in India had a place advancement, urbanization, irrigational with scheduled caste, the comparing figure offices and different elements of the for Haryana state is 19.75%. Over 90% of financial improvement of the region; the scheduled caste population in Haryana likewise the thickness is strikingly uneven lives in country territories. in the state. The most elevated thickness is found in the area of Faridabad (1020), III. SOCIAL STRUCTURE OF trailed by (763), Ambala (644), HARYANA Gurgaon (612), and Sonepat (603) districts Haryana has an exceptionally plural covers in the scope of in excess of 600 society. It has a multi-network, multi-caste people for every km2 . In the districts of and multi-lingual society. There are three Yamuna Nagar (589), Kurukshetra (540), noteworthy religious communities, the Rohtak (539), (522), Karnal Hindus, the Sikhs and the Muslims v - and (506), Jhajjar and (480) territories two noteworthy semantic groups, the between 451-600 people for each km2 . Hindi talking and the Punjabi talking. The The area of Jind (440), Mahendergarh Hindus of the state, as referenced in the (428), Kaithal (408), Hisar (386) and segment on demographic highlights, Fatehabad (318) falls in the classification establish around 90 percent of the of 300-450 people for every km2 . The low population of the state. They are spread thickness of the population is found in the over every one of the pieces of the state. districts of Bhiwani (298) and Sirsa (261), The Sikhs who establish around 6 percent per km2 , which lies in the western piece of its population are to a great extent of Haryana state, as it has geology of sand packed in Sirsa, Fatehabad, Ambala, rises which hampers the agribusiness and Karnal and Kurukshetra districts generally horticulture based family businesses. in the zones circumscribing Punjab. The 2.3 Scheduled caste in haryana Muslims, who are under 5 percent, are amassed in the region of Gurgaon Scheduled caste were distinguished as and Faridabad districts situated close to the equivalent to those announced under the outskirts of U.P. furthermore, Rajasthan. arrangement of the Government of India Act, 1935. At the end of the day 'scheduled The prevalence of the Hindus has made caste' signifies such castes, races or clans Haryana a Hindu ruled state. This clarifies as are regarded under Article 341 to be why all the Chief Ministers, the majority scheduled with the end goal of this of the Ministers, MPs, and MLAs in constitution. Haryana have been the Hindus. This dominance of Hindus, as referenced prior, There are 37 scheduled castes in Haryana. has diminished the remarkable quality of The scheduled caste are Chamar, Chura or the religion in legislative issues and has Bhangi, Jatia, Rehgar Ravidasi and so on. made challenge among different castes of It might be referenced that scheduled Hindus definitely more significant than the castes were perceived among Hindus and challenge among the religious

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communities. As expressed before, this opposition with the Hindus. Attributable to factor is accepted to have counteracted the the area of Mewat on the fringe of development of the help base of hindutava Rajasthan and U.P., there has likewise based gatherings in Haryana been some effect on legislative issues of those states on them. It might be appropriate to specify here that the Hindus of Haryana have been The Sikhs of Haryana who comprise 6 stretching out more noteworthy help to the percent population of the state, hosted Congress and other provincial gatherings been supporting the Congress Get-together like the Unionist Party, the Zamindara before the 'Activity Blue Star' and the League, the Vishal Haryana Party, the Lok counter Sikhs revolts in 1984 attributable Dal and Haryana Vikas Party than to the to its picture as a common gathering which Hindutava based ideological groups like secured the interests of the minorities. Be the Hindu Mahasabha/Jana Sangh/BJP. that as it may, these disasters hurt their religious emotions and they started to help The Muslims, who are gathered in the Lok Dal/SJP/HLRD/INLD. One reason for Mewat territory, hosted bolstered the supporting these gatherings was their Unionist Get-together before the 1946 propeasant parties, as the Sikhs are for the decisions as the vast majority of them are most part laborers. Another explanation laborers. A large portion of them had, in behind it was the cozy connection between any case, upheld the Muslim League in the Akali pioneer Prakash Singh Badal and 1946 races because of the the INLD pioneers Devi Lai and Chautala. communalization of governmental issues It additionally should be referenced here by the interest for Pakistan after the that the Sikhs had been wanting for the Resolution for it was received at Lahore in consideration of their Punjabi talking 1947. In spite of the fact that Muslims of territories of Haryana into Punjab. In any the remainder of Haryana moved to case, they have never squeezed for it. The Pakistan, the Meo Muslims of Mewat did relations of Hindus and the Sikhs of not move to Pakistan in 1947 at the season Haryana have stayed friendly of parcel. After the autonomy in 1947, notwithstanding during those occasions they hosted upheld the Congress Get- when the militancy was at its top in together. In any case, character based Punjab. This could be clarified by the way factionalism had at certain events made that the Hindus of Haryana have never some of them to cast a ballot against the respected the little minority of Sikhs as a Congress. Here, this is appropriate to call test to them. This has counteracted the attention to that t there have been two development of sikh communalism in significant groups of Meos since 1962 Haryana. Its consistent outcome was that parliamentary and get together decisions. Hindu communalism also has stayed One of them is going by Tayyab Hussain, powerless here. This additionally clarifies child of Yasin Khan, the late Chaudhary of why the Jana Sangh/BJP couldn't grow Mewat and the other is driven by his their help base in Haryana. principle rival Khursheed Ahmed. The challenge between these group of the IV. POPULATION OF HARYANA Meos has could really compare to their 2001-2011

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According to details from Census 2011, As of late according to Haryana census Haryana has population of 2.54 Crores, an information, 88.36% houses are claimed expansion from figure of 2.11 Crore in while 9.55% were leased. Taking all things 2001 census. All out population of together, 65.57% couples in Haryana lived Haryana according to 2011 census is in single family. In 2011, 68.13% of Uttar 25,351,462 of which male and female are Pradesh population approached Banking 13,494,734 and 11,856,728 separately. In and Non-Banking Finance Corporation. 2001, absolute population was 21,144,564 Just 5.26% of Uttar Pradesh population in which males were 11,363,953 while had web office which is probably going to females were 9,780,611. The complete improve in 2021 due to Jio. 10.51% of population development in this decade was family in Uttar Pradesh possessed vehicle 19.90 percent while in earlier decade it while 33.34% claimed two wheller. In was 28.06 percent. The population of couple of months we will likewise get Haryana structures 2.09 percent of India in details of decision information for 2011. In 2001, the figure was 2.06 percent. Haryana.

Table 1 Population of Haryana in 2001-2011

4.1 Haryana religious data roughly 7.03 % tailing it. In Haryana state, Christinity is trailed by 0.20 %, Jainism by Hinduism is greater part religion in 0.21 %, Sikhism by 4.91 % and Buddhism province of Haryana with 87.46 % by 4.91 %. Around 0.01 % expressed devotees. Islam is second most mainstream 'Other Religion', roughly 0.17 % expressed religion in territory of Haryana with 'No Particular Religion'.

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Table 2 Religious data of Haryana 2011

V. CONCLUSION VI. REFERENCES

Population Growth pace of different [1] Chamar, K.V. (2012), ‘Rural Dwelling religion has descended in the most recent and House Types in Desert Land of decade (2001-2011). Hindu Population Haryana: a Case Study of Bhiwani Growth rate backed off to 16.76 % from District’, Transaction, Institute of Indian earlier decade figure of 19.92% while Geographers, Vol. 24, No. 1&2, pp.53-62. Muslim observer sharp fall in growth rate to 24.60% (2001-2011) from the past [2] Krishan and Chandna (2014), ‘Pattern figure of 29.52 % (1991-2001). Such sharp of Literacy in Haryana’, Punjab fall in population growth rate for Muslims (University Research Bulletin Arts), Vol. didn't occurred over the most recent 6 5, No.2, pp. 95-114. decades. Christian Population growth was [3] Rekha, (2014), Socio-Economic at 15.5% while Sikh population growth Structure of Chura Community in Rural rate remained at 8.4%. The most taught Haryana- A Case Study of Village Badli, and wealthly network of Jains enlisted Unpublished M.Phil Dissertation, least growth rate in 2001-2011 with figure Department of Geography, M.D.U., of simply 5.4%. Rohtak. The Growth pace of Hindus, Muslims and [4] Sabharwal, D. and J. Prasad. (2010), Christian is required to fall more in up and ‘Socio-Economic Transformation among coming 2021 census while different Dalits in Haryana (A Sociological Study)’, religions like Sikhism, Jainism and Man and Life, Vol. 36, Jan-June, N.1, pp Buddism are relied upon to stay stable for 37-54, 2010. next 2 decades considering as of now hindered growth pace of these religions [5] Mittal, S.C., Haryana, A Historical Perspective, Atlantic Publishers, New

Delhi, 2016.

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[6] Singh, Sher, The Case ofHaryana and Hindi Region ofthe Punjab, Haryana Lok Samiti, Rohtak, Updated 2011

[7] Chaudhary, D.R. ‘Caste Divide in Haryana,’ The Tribune, December 25,2011.

[8] Singh, Ranbir, ‘Legislative Elite in Haryana: Representation ofAgriculturist Castes,’ Indian Journal of Politics Science, Vol. 24, No. 4, 2009.

[9] Mitra Ashok (2012): ‘Implication of Sex Ratio in India’s Population’, Population Geography, Vol. VI, Pp. 107- 116.

[10] Bhattacharya, I. N. (2010), Hindu Castes and Sects, Vol. II Bangal, pp 165- 68

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