The Quest for the Holy Grail
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Summary of the Perlesvaus Or the High History of the Grail (Probably First Decade of 13Th Century, Certainly Before 1225, Author Unknown)
Summary of the Perlesvaus or The High History of the Grail (probably first decade of 13th century, certainly before 1225, author unknown). Survives in 3 manuscripts, 2 partial copies, and one early print edition Percival starts out as the young adventurous knight who did not fulfill his destiny of achieving the Holy Grail because he failed to ask the Fisher King the question that would heal him, events related in Chrétien's work. The author soon digresses into the adventures of knights like Lancelot and Gawain, many of which have no analogue in other Arthurian literature. Often events and depictions of characters in the Perlesvaus differ greatly from other versions of the story. For instance, while later literature depicts Loholt as a good knight and illegitimate son of King Arthur, in Perlesvaus he is apparently the legitimate son of Arthur and Guinevere, and he is slain treacherously by Arthur's seneschal Kay, who is elsewhere portrayed as a boor and a braggart but always as Arthur's loyal servant (and often, foster brother. Kay is jealous when Loholt kills a giant, so he murders him to take the credit. This backfires when Loholt's head is sent to Arthur's court in a box that can only be opened by his murderer. Kay is banished, and joins with Arthur's enemies, Brian of the Isles and Meliant. Guinevere expires upon seeing her son dead, which alters Arthur and Lancelot's actions substantially from what is found in later works. Though its plot is frequently at variance with the standard Arthurian outline, Perlesvaus did have an effect on subsequent literature. -
False Ideas About Jesus Christ (Part Two) by Wayne Jackson
January 19, 2014 False Ideas About Jesus Christ (part two) By Wayne Jackson Without question, Jesus of Nazareth is the most dominating figure in human history. Who was he? Alternatively, in the words of the Teacher himself in a question to the leaders of the Jewish community, “What do you think of the Christ?” Every intellectually reflective person must come to grips with this engaging question. The available data regarding the identity of Jesus are definitive. He is the Christ, the Son of God (John 20:30-31). Regrettably, however, there are numerous erroneous opinions regarding him in the marketplace of religious ideas. Same Person As The Father Those who are affiliated with the United Pentecostal Church contend that “Jesus” is merely the earthly name of God, the Father. They allege there is but one person who is God, but that “God” is represented in three manifestations — Father, Son, and Holy Spirit. The Scripture, however, reveals a clear distinction between the Father and the Son, and between the Son and the Holy Spirit. The Jews had never seen the father nor heard his voice (John 1:18; 5:37), but they had both seen and heard Christ. Hence, Christ was not the same as the Father. The person who abides in the Lord’s doctrine has both the Father and the Son (2 John 9) — both implies a plurality. One could sin against Christ and be forgiven, but not the Spirit (Matthew 12:32). Therefore, Christ and the Spirit were not the same person. This topic is discussed more fully in the author’s tract, The Biblical Doctrine Of The Godhead (1994). -
Frustrated Redemption: Patterns of Decay and Salvation in Medieval Modernist Literature
City University of New York (CUNY) CUNY Academic Works Dissertations and Theses City College of New York 2013 Frustrated Redemption: Patterns of Decay and Salvation in Medieval Modernist Literature Shayla Frandsen CUNY City College of New York How does access to this work benefit ou?y Let us know! More information about this work at: https://academicworks.cuny.edu/cc_etds_theses/519 Discover additional works at: https://academicworks.cuny.edu This work is made publicly available by the City University of New York (CUNY). Contact: [email protected] Frustrated Redemption: Patterns of Decay and Salvation in Medieval and Modernist Literature Shayla Frandsen Thesis Advisor: Paul Oppenheimer Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts of the City College of the City University of New York Table of Contents Preface 1 The Legend of the Fisher King and the Search for the 5 Modern Grail in The Waste Land, Paris, and Parallax “My burden threatens to crush me”: The Transformative Power 57 of the Hero’s Quest in Parzival and Ezra Pound’s Hugh Selwyn Mauberley Hemingway, the Once and Future King, 101 and Salvation’s Second Coming Bibliography 133 Frandsen 1 Preface “The riddle of the Grail is still awaiting its solution,” Alexander Krappe writes, the “riddle” referring to attempts to discover the origin of this forever enigmatic object, whether Christian or Folkloric,1 yet “one thing is reasonably certain: the theme of the Frustrated Redemption” (18).2 Krappe explains that the common element of the frustrated redemption theme is “two protagonists: a youth in quest of adventures and a supernatural being . -
Was Jesus Really Raised from the Dead?
Was Jesus really raised from the dead? The evidence that Jesus is a real, historical figure is so overwhelming that very few skeptics try to say Jesus never existed. Still, since Jesus could not have been raised from the dead unless He was an actual historical figure, it seems necessary to briefly discuss whether or not Jesus is a fictional character (some skeptics have likened Him to Santa Claus). The gospels, which are highly regarded historical documents, say that Jesus lived, but they are by no means the only source. Proof for Jesus being a real person is found in the writings of Josephus, a first century Jewish historian who said: “He convened a meeting of the Sanhedrin and brought before them a man named James, the brother of Jesus, who was called the Christ, and certain others. He accused them of having transgressed the law and delivered them up to be stoned” (Josephus, The Antiquities 20:200). This historical reference not only proves that Jesus lived, it is especially noteworthy because Jesus and Josephus were so different. Jesus encouraged people to pay taxes and encouraged people to submit to the government. Josephus was mainly interested in the Jews’ struggle against Rome and political matters (his philosophy was the very opposite of Jesus’ teaching). In spite of these two very different philosophies, Josephus does refer to Jesus and says people “called” Him the “Christ.” Another reference to Jesus is found in the writings of Tacitus, a premier first century Roman historian. Tacitus said, “Nero fastened the guilt and inflicted the most exquisite tortures on a class hated for their abominations, called Christians by the populace. -
Religion and Religious Symbolism in the Tale of the Grail by Three Authors
Faculty of Arts English and German Philology and Translation & Interpretation COMPARATIVE LITERATURE: RELIGION AND RELIGIOUS SYMBOLISM IN THE TALE OF THE GRAIL BY THREE AUTHORS by ASIER LANCHO DIEGO DEGREE IN ENGLISH STUDIES TUTOR: CRISTINA JARILLOT RODAL JUNE 2017 ABSTRACT: The myth of the Grail has long been recognised as the cornerstone of Arthurian literature. Many studies have been conducted on the subject of Christian symbolism in the major Grail romances. However, the aim of the present paper is to prove that the 15th-century “Tale of the Sangrail”, found in Le Morte d’Arthur, by Thomas Malory, presents a greater degree of Christian coloration than 12th-century Chrétien de Troyes’ Perceval and Wolfram von Eschenbach’s Parzival. In order to evaluate this claim, the origin and function of the main elements at the Grail Ceremony were compared in the first place. Secondly, the main characters’ roles were examined to determine variations concerning religious beliefs and overall character development. The findings demonstrated that the main elements at the Grail Ceremony in Thomas Malory’s “The Tale of the Sangrail” are more closely linked to Christian motifs and that Perceval’s psychological development in the same work conflicts with that of a stereotypical Bildungsroman, in contrast with the previous 12th-century versions of the tale. Keywords: The Tale of the Grail, Grail Ceremony, Holy Grail, Christian symbolism INDEX 1. Introduction ....................................................................................................................................... -
Da Vinci Code Research
The Da Vinci Code Personal Unedited Research By: Josh McDowell © 2006 Overview Josh McDowell’s personal research on The Da Vinci Code was collected in preparation for the development of several equipping resources released in March 2006. This research is available as part of Josh McDowell’s Da Vinci Pastor Resource Kit. The full kit provides you with tools to equip your people to answer the questions raised by The Da Vinci Code book and movie. We trust that these resources will help you prepare your people with a positive readiness so that they might seize this as an opportunity to open up compelling dialogue about the real and relevant Christ. Da Vinci Pastor Resource Kit This kit includes: - 3-Part Sermon Series & Notes - Multi-media Presentation - Video of Josh's 3-Session Seminar on DVD - Sound-bites & Video Clip Library - Josh McDowell's Personal Research & Notes Retail Price: $49.95 The 3-part sermon series includes a sermon outline, discussion points and sample illustrations. Each session includes references to the slide presentation should you choose to include audio-visuals with your sermon series. A library of additional sound-bites and video clips is also included. Josh McDowell's delivery of a 3-session seminar was captured on video and is included in the kit. Josh's personal research and notes are also included. This extensive research is categorized by topic with side-by-side comparison to Da Vinci claims versus historical evidence. For more information and to order Da Vinci resources by Josh McDowell, visit josh.davinciquest.org. http://www.truefoundations.com Page 2 Table of Contents Introduction: The Search for Truth.................................................................................. -
The Logic of the Grail in Old French and Middle English Arthurian Romance
The Logic of the Grail in Old French and Middle English Arthurian Romance Submitted in part fulfilment of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Martha Claire Baldon September 2017 Table of Contents Introduction ................................................................................................................................ 8 Introducing the Grail Quest ................................................................................................................ 9 The Grail Narratives ......................................................................................................................... 15 Grail Logic ........................................................................................................................................ 30 Medieval Forms of Argumentation .................................................................................................. 35 Literature Review ............................................................................................................................. 44 Narrative Structure and the Grail Texts ............................................................................................ 52 Conceptualising and Interpreting the Grail Quest ............................................................................ 64 Chapter I: Hermeneutic Progression: Sight, Knowledge, and Perception ............................... 78 Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... -
Fact Or Fiction? Copyright © 2004 by Hank Hanegraaff and Paul L
Visit Tyndale’s exciting Web site at www.tyndale.com The Da Vinci Code: Fact or Fiction? Copyright © 2004 by Hank Hanegraaff and Paul L. Maier. All rights reserved. All material on pages vii–xii and 41–66 copyright © 2004 by Hank Hanegraaff. All material on pages 1–40 and 67–69 copyright © 2004 by Paul L. Maier. The content on pages 43–50 and 59–66 is partially adapted from Hank Hanegraaff, Resurrection (Nashville: W Publishing Group, 2000). The content on pages 51–56 is partially adapted from Hank Hanegraaff, The Bible Answer Book (Nashville: J. Countryman, 2004). The content on pages 57–59 is partially adapted from Hank Hanegraaff, “Answering More Prime Time Fallacies,” Christian Research Journal, Vol. 23/No. 2. Edited by Jeremy Taylor Designed by RULE 29 with Dean H. Renninger Unless otherwise noted, all Scripture quotations are taken from the Holy Bible, New International Version®. NIV®. Copyright © 1973, 1978, 1984 by International Bible Society. Used by permission of Zondervan Publishing House. All rights reserved. ISBN 1-4143-0279-7 Printed in the United States of America 10 09 08 07 06 05 04 87654321 CONTENTS FOREWORD HANK HANEGRAAFF vii PART ONE THE DA VINCI DECEPTION PAUL L. MAIER 1 PART TWO BUT WHAT IS TRUTH? HANK HANEGRAAFF 41 AFTERWORD PAUL L. MAIER 67 NOTES 71 FOR FURTHER READING 80 FOREWORD by Hank Hanegraaff WHEN MEL GIBSON produced The Passion of the Christ—a movie that substantially follows the contours of the New Testament accounts of Jesus’ death—he became the immediate subject of controversy. Leon Wieseltier, the literary -
Establishment of the Round Table King Arthur
Establishment Of The Round Table King Arthur Aron usually titrating overpoweringly or stars trickishly when laigh Janus reapplies oftentimes and aurorally. Fundamentalism Wye intravasationsometimes caning throbbing his filibusters coordinately sanguinely or notch and andante, cohering is Augustin so fraudulently! self-trained? Triboluminescent and quietism Rene evangelise her Chretien de troyes form below, loyalty by noble king arthur my last king arthur was midnight a degree of He may have existed. Yvain defeated the seneschal and his brother through trial by combat. Since Chretien had died before ever completing this work, some contemporary and later authors tried to complete his tale or rewrite their own versions of Perceval. Sir Galahad drew near, all armed save his helmet, and stood by the tomb. Analysis, related quotes, timeline. Sir Meliagraunce has borne himself both shamefully and cowardly towards me. The story begins with the miraculous time travel of a regular American back to the time of King Arthur. There was one seat though, at which none could sit. SEC would continue to discourage such awards on the rationale that it would not want to encourage employees whose job it was to prevent corporate legal and ethical violations to profit from simply doing their jobs. Morte and shows Malory at the height of his powers. Had Gawain stayed in Rome, the story implied that Gawain would have succeeded his foster father, and become emperor. Elaine will die for your sake. Arthur took Merlin as his adviser, aide, and soothsayer, and the wizard foretold much that would happen to Arthur. Among the knights who answer his call is Lancelot of the Lake, a French knight who is unrivaled in combat. -
The Symbolism of the Holy Grail
University of Richmond UR Scholarship Repository Honors Theses Student Research 1962 The symbolism of the Holy Grail : a comparative analysis of the Grail in Perceval ou Le Conte del Graal by Chretien de Troyes and Parzival by Wolfram von Eschenbach Karin Elizabeth Nordenhaug Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarship.richmond.edu/honors-theses Part of the English Language and Literature Commons Recommended Citation Nordenhaug, Karin Elizabeth, "The symbolism of the Holy Grail : a comparative analysis of the Grail in Perceval ou Le Conte del Graal by Chretien de Troyes and Parzival by Wolfram von Eschenbach" (1962). Honors Theses. 1077. https://scholarship.richmond.edu/honors-theses/1077 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Research at UR Scholarship Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Honors Theses by an authorized administrator of UR Scholarship Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. UNIVERSITY OF RICHMOND LIBRARIES ~lllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll3 3082 01028 5079 r THE SYMBOLISM OF THE HOLY GRAIL A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE GRAIL In PERCEVAL ou LE CONTE del GRAAL by CHRETIEN de TROYES and PARZIVAL by WOLFRAM von ESCHENBACH by Karin Elizabeth Nordenhaug A Thesis prepared for Professor Wright In partial fulfillment of the requirements of the Honors Program And in candidacy for the degree of Bachelor of Arts Westhampton College University of Richmond, Va. May 1962 P R E F A C E If I may venture to make a bold comparison, I have often felt like Sir Perceval while writing this thesis. Like. him, I set out on a quest for the Holy Grail. -
Modernizing the Quest for the Holy Grail in Film
The University of Southern Mississippi The Aquila Digital Community Honors Theses Honors College Spring 5-2013 The Search Continues: Modernizing the Quest for the Holy Grail in Film Jody C. Balius University of Southern Mississippi Follow this and additional works at: https://aquila.usm.edu/honors_theses Part of the Arts and Humanities Commons Recommended Citation Balius, Jody C., "The Search Continues: Modernizing the Quest for the Holy Grail in Film" (2013). Honors Theses. 145. https://aquila.usm.edu/honors_theses/145 This Honors College Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Honors College at The Aquila Digital Community. It has been accepted for inclusion in Honors Theses by an authorized administrator of The Aquila Digital Community. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The University of Southern Mississippi The Search Continues: Modernizing the Quest for the Holy Grail in Film by Jody Balius A Thesis Submitted to the Honors College of The University of Southern Mississippi in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Arts in the Department of English May 2013 Balius 2 Balius 3 Approved by _________________________________ Michael Salda Associate Professor of English ________________________________ Eric Tribunella, Chair Department of English ________________________________ David R. Davies, Dean Honors College Balius 4 Table of Contents Chapter 1: Introduction ................................................................................. 5 Chapter 2: Literature -
False Views in Regard to the Resurrection of Jesus Christ
Scholars Crossing The Second Person File Theological Studies 2-2018 False Views in Regard to the Resurrection of Jesus Christ Harold Willmington Liberty University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.liberty.edu/second_person Part of the Biblical Studies Commons, Christianity Commons, and the Religious Thought, Theology and Philosophy of Religion Commons Recommended Citation Willmington, Harold, "False Views in Regard to the Resurrection of Jesus Christ" (2018). The Second Person File. 183. https://digitalcommons.liberty.edu/second_person/183 This The Final Days of Jesus Christ's Ministry is brought to you for free and open access by the Theological Studies at Scholars Crossing. It has been accepted for inclusion in The Second Person File by an authorized administrator of Scholars Crossing. For more information, please contact [email protected]. FALSE VIEWS IN REGARD TO THE RESURRECTION OF JESUS CHRIST “Now if Christ be preached that he rose from the dead, how say some among you that there is no resurrection of the dead? But if there be no resurrection of the dead, then is Christ not risen: And if Christ be not risen, then is our preaching vain, and your faith is also vain” (1 Cor. 15:12-14). “And when they heard of the resurrection of the dead, some mocked: and others said, We will hear thee again of this matter” (Acts 17:32). “But shun profane and vain babblings: for they will increase unto more ungodliness. And their word will eat as doth a canker: of whom is Hymenaeus and Philetus; Who concerning the truth have erred, saying that the resurrection is past already; and overthrow the faith of some” (2 Tim.