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Fiscal Federalism and Decentralization in Mongolia
Universität Potsdam Ariunaa Lkhagvadorj Fiscal federalism and decentralization in Mongolia Universitätsverlag Potsdam Ariunaa Lkhagvadorj Fiscal federalism and decentralization in Mongolia Ariunaa Lkhagvadorj Fiscal federalism and decentralization in Mongolia Universitätsverlag Potsdam Bibliografische Information der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek Die Deutsche Nationalbibliothek verzeichnet diese Publikation in der Deutschen Nationalbibliografie; detaillierte bibliografische Daten sind im Internet über http://dnb.d-nb.de abrufbar. Universitätsverlag Potsdam 2010 http://info.ub.uni-potsdam.de/verlag.htm Am Neuen Palais 10, 14469 Potsdam Tel.: +49 (0)331 977 4623 / Fax: 3474 E-Mail: [email protected] Das Manuskript ist urheberrechtlich geschützt. Zugl.: Potsdam, Univ., Diss., 2010 Online veröffentlicht auf dem Publikationsserver der Universität Potsdam URL http://pub.ub.uni-potsdam.de/volltexte/2010/4176/ URN urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-41768 http://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:kobv:517-opus-41768 Zugleich gedruckt erschienen im Universitätsverlag Potsdam ISBN 978-3-86956-053-3 Abstract Fiscal federalism has been an important topic among public finance theorists in the last four decades. There is a series of arguments that decentralization of governments enhances growth by improving allocation efficiency. However, the empirical studies have shown mixed results for industrialized and developing countries and some of them have demonstrated that there might be a threshold level of economic development below which decentralization is not effective. Developing and transition countries have developed a variety of forms of fiscal decentralization as a possible strategy to achieve effective and efficient governmental structures. A generalized principle of decentralization due to the country specific circumstances does not exist. Therefore, decentra- lization has taken place in different forms in various countries at different times, and even exactly the same extent of decentralization may have had different impacts under different conditions. -
1-1-Ms-Tiziana-Bonapace.Pdf
Connecting economies and empowering people Regional Connectivity Agenda: Strategies for Single Information Space Tiziana Bonapace Chief ICT and Development Section Information and Communications Technology and Disaster Risk Reduction Division (IDD) United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP) ESCAP, Information and Communications Technology and Disaster Risk Reduction Division Connecting economies and empowering people Where we stand: the imperative of regional connectivity • More region-centric processes of trade, investment, financial, energy, transport flows, including data and voice • Increasingly Asia-Pacific will rely on itself for economic growth • ICTs are accelerators of this process • Growing digital divide in knowledge- networked broadband internet ESCAP, Information and Communications Technology and Disaster Risk Reduction Division Connecting economies and empowering people Infrastructure gaps in Asia-Pacific • Development of regional digital infrastructure: USD 800 billion financing gap. Underestimation • ICT as a metainfrastructure • Broadband gaps in access speed, reliability, affordabiltiy • Access: 5.09% of population in region’s developing countries • Speed: high growth in volume of data traffic and direction (intra- Asian) leading to slowdown in transmission speeds • Reliability: disruption to services due to submarine cable cuts, increased frequency and scale of disasters • High costs: 5 times costs in US/EU,, key challenge is how to reduce international backhaul costs for all operators, -
The Annual Report 2016Of Mongolia
MINERAL RESOURCES AND PETROLEUM AUTHORITY OF MONGOLIA MINERAL RESOURCES AND PETROLEUM AUTHORITY THE ANNUAL REPORT 2016OF MONGOLIA GEOLOGY MINING PETROLEUM HEAVY INDUSTRY 1 MINERAL RESOURCES AND PETROLEUM AUTHORITY MINERALOF MONGOLIA RESOURCES AND PETROLEUM AUTHORITY OF MONGOLIA Builders square-3, Government building XII Chingeltei district, Ulaanbaatar-15171, Mongolia. Tel: +(976-51) 263701 Fax: +(976-51) 263701 web: www.mrpam.gov.mn email: [email protected] Published in 2017 ABBREVIATIONS MRPAM Mineral Resources and Petroleum Authority of Mongolia AMEP Australia Mongolia Extractives Programme LOM Law on Minerals GIP Gross Industiral Products PSAs Production Sharing Agreements LP Law on Petroleum GMGPW Geological mapping and general prospecting work FDI Foreign Direct Investment GDP Gross Domestic Products GOM Government of Mongolia GAP Government Action Programme IMF International Monetary Fund SGP State Geological map PM Parliament of Mongolia MMHI Ministry of Mining and Heavy Industry OSH Occupational Safety and Health LI Law on Investment MRITC Mineral Resources Information and Technological Center Designed by The Mongolian Mining Journal NGM-200 National geology mapping GMGSW Geological map and general survey work 2 MINERAL RESOURCES AND PETROLEUM AUTHORITY OF MONGOLIA FOREWORD The Government Resolution No.4 of July 27, 2016 issued following the Resolution No.12 of 2016 of the Parliament of Mongolia has established The Mineral Resources and Petroleum Authority of Mongolia (MRPAM), Government Implementing Agency, with a new structure by merging the B.BAATARTSOGT, DIRECTOR OF former Mineral Resources Authority and The Petroleum MINERAL RESOURCES AND PETROLEUM Authority. AUTHORITY OF MONGOLIA The MRPAM provides support to development of state policy on geology, mining and petroleum, to deliver effective and efficient services to investors and increase competitiveness of the sector and its contribution to overall economic development of Mongolia by implementing state policies. -
AMA Dissertation Final Formatted Resubmission
DISSERTATION KNOWLEDGE INTEGRATION IN TRANSDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH: A CASE STUDY OF THE SOCIO-ECOLOGICAL COMPLEXITY PROJECT Submitted by Arren Mendezona Allegretti Graduate Degree Program in Ecology In partial fulfillment of the requirements For the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Colorado State University Fort Collins, Colorado Fall 2015 Doctoral Committee Members: Advisor: Melinda Laituri Co-Advisor: Kathleen Pickering Jessica Thompson Maria Fernandez-Gimenez Copyright by Arren Mendezona Allegretti 2015 All Rights Reserved ABSTRACT KNOWLEDGE INTEGRATION IN TRANSDISCIPLINARY RESEARCH: A CASE STUDY OF THE SOCIO-ECOLOGICAL COMPLEXITY PROJECT Knowledge integration has been crucial for gaining a holistic picture of the inner workings of socio-ecological systems. Integrating local and scientific knowledge sustains biological and global cultural diversity, and may fill gaps in understanding that cannot be elucidated by individual scientific disciplines. Interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary research teams face the challenge of collaborating and integrating their varying disciplinary paradigms and epistemologies along with stakeholders’ local knowledge for understanding and adapting to global and local environmental issues. Communication and knowledge integration across funders, researchers, and research end-users in transdisciplinary research are critical for meeting diverse stakeholder needs and genuinely engaging multiple knowledge systems. These knowledge systems may include a combination of researcher and local ecological knowledge embedded in institutions, disciplines, and cultures. The purpose of this dissertation is to investigate and apply knowledge integration tools for examining socio-ecological systems and transdisciplinary research communication. Specifically, I examine the Socio-ecological Complexity (SEC) project as a case study. The SEC is a pseudonym for an actual project examining the role of Community-Based Rangeland Management (CBRM) institutions in influencing the resilience of Mongolian socio-ecological rangeland systems to climate change. -
Download File
The views expressed in this book are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views and policies of the Asian Development Bank or its Board of Governors or the governments they represent. The Asian Development Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this publication and accepts no responsibility for any consequence of their use. Use of the term “country” does not imply any judgment by the authors or the Asian Development Bank as to the legal or other status of any territorial entity. i ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The work on THE REGIONAL MASTER PLAN FOR THE PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF DUST AND SANDSTORMS IN NORTH EAST ASIA has been financed by the Asian Development Bank (ADB), on a grant basis with US$500,000 from the Japan Special Fund funded by the Government of Japan and co-financed by the Global Environment Facility (GEF) on grant basis with US$500,000. The project was jointly initiated and conducted by the ADB, The United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification Secretariat (UNCCD), the United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and Pacific (UNESCAP), and the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). The four governments involved (i.e., the People’s Republic of China, Japan, the Republic of Korea, and Mongolia) have made in- kind contributions in the form of counterpart staff, professional services, national experts, or office facilities to support the implementation of this project. The regional master plan report is composed of three volumes, namely: Volume 1: A Master Plan for Regional Cooperation for the Prevention and Control of Dust and Sandstorms; Volume 2: Establishment of a Regional Monitoring and Early Warning Network for Dust and Sandstorms in Northeast Asia; and Volume 3: An Investment Strategy for Dust and Sandstorms Prevention and Control through Demonstration Projects. -
BROCHURE MONGOLIA.Indd
2 3 Index THE EU-TRANSMONGOLIA PROJECT 5 WELCOME TO MONGOLIA 5 Mongolia, the land of blue sky 6 Chinggis Khaan, man of the Millennium 8 Mongolian Tourism Profi le and variety of destination landscapes 9 KHUVSGUL AIMAG (region) 10 Khuvsgul Mon Travel 13 Taigiin Gerelt Sor Cooperative 14 Buren Khaan 15 Khuvsgul Citizen 16 Khaluun Ilch Cooperative 17 Batbayar-Carver 18 HUSTAI NATIONAL PARK (HNP) 19 Mongolia Expeditions 20 Serten Group 21 Batsumber Group 22 DORNOGOBI AIMAG (region) 23 Gobi Morning Tour Camp 26 Tsagaan Lish Cooperative 27 Tsatsiin Bulag Tourist Camp 28 Shinekhuu 29 Khalzan-Uul accredited mineral resort 30 UMNUGOBI AIMAG (region) 31 Bayanzag Tourist Camp 34 Gobi Mirage Tourist Camp 35 Gobi Tour Camp 36 Mongolian Gobi Tourist Camp 37 Ankhsan Cooperative 38 Malchinii Hothon Cooperative 39 Gurvan Uul 40 Tourism contact details in Mongolia 41 THE INNER-MONGOLIA AUTONOMOUS REGION, CHINA 44 The Grasslands. When summer comes... 45 The Deserts 46 Long History and Culture 47 The Capital City Hohhot 49 Zinihu Mongolian Cultural and Ecological Village in Alxa League 50 Chifeng Hexigten Haleyi Animal Husbandry 51 Moonlake Eco-tourist Area in Tengri Dalai Desert 52 Inner-Mongolia Gengis Khan Mausoleum 53 Jinzhanghan Camps in Hulun Buir grassland 54 Industry tourism of Yili Group 55 Inner-Mongolia Daihai Protective Tourist Area 56 Dahai Agricultural Sightseeing Garden 57 Arshan Chaihe Tourist Area 58 Tourism contact details in Inner-Mongolia (China) 59 4 5 The EU-TRANSMONGOLIA Welcome PROJECT to Mongolia The “EU-Transmongolia Partnership for Sustai- PROJECT PARTNERS: “Welcome to Mongolia, the land of Blue Sky and boundless nable Tourism and Related Businesses Deve- Formaper- Agency of Milan space, the cradle of nomadic peoples. -
MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS and POVERTY MAP-2011 Region, Aimag, Soum and DISTRICT Level Results
NATIONAL STATISTICAL OFFICE OF MONGOLIA MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS AND POVERTY MAP-2011 REGION, AIMAG, SOUM AND DISTRICT LEVEL RESUlts Harold Coulombe Gereltuya Altankhuyag 2012 DDC 362. 5 G-38 MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS AND POVERTY MAP-2011 REGION, AIMAG, SOUM AND DISTRICT LEVEL RESUlts National Statistical Office of Mongolia Poverty and MDGs Monitoring and Assessment System Support Pilot Project, UNDP Ministry of Economic Development of Mongolia Suite 124, United Nations Street 5/1, Chingeltei District Ulaanbaatar-15015, Mongolia Tel: (976-51)-261-571 ISBN 978-99962-1-818-7 MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS AND POVERTY MAP-2011 TABLE OF CONTENTS FOREWORD ...............................................................................................................................4 ABSTRACT .................................................................................................................................5 INTRODUCTION..........................................................................................................................6 I. POVERTY MAPPING METHODOLOGY ......................................................................................7 Monetary Poverty .......................................................................................................................7 Non-monetary Poverty ...............................................................................................................7 II. RESULTS .................................................................................................................................8 -
Mongolia 2000 Census Enume
Population and Housing Census 2000 Enumerator Manual Chapter 1. The legal basis, necessity, purpose and signification of the census a. The legal basis for the census i. The census was conducted based on 1st provision of 7th article of the Mongolian Law on Statistics that is “The National Statistical Office is responsible for conducting a national population and housing census every ten years” ; ii. The Mongolian “Law on Statistics”, paragraph 3, article 7: “If censuses required to be conducted in the period other than mentioned in Item 1 of this Article, so the Government and the State Great Khural will agreed and jointly set timing”. iii. The Mongolian “Law on Statistics”, paragraph 3, article 22: “The publication or dissemination of information which is still being processed as well as information which has been identified by the appropriate lawful authorities as information concerning national interests or confidential information about individuals, business entities or other organizations is prohibited”. iv. “Law on Administrative Liability” of Mongolia, paragraph 1, article 43: “The officials and citizens, who have avoid population, property, livestock and domestic animals and establishment censuses or would not involve those censuses without respectful reasons, as well as, persons, who have suppressed property, animals if this not to subject criminal liability, it shall be impose a fine 20000-100000 tugrigs”. v. The Parliament Resolution N06 dated January 8, 1998 approved the date to conduct the Population and housing Census-2000; vi. The Government Order N 28 dated February 25, 1998 concerning Conducting the Population and Housing Census-2000 vii. The Parliament Resolution N. -
Mongolia: Mongolia: Choir - Sainshand Transmission Line Project Land Acquisition and Resettlement Framework (LARF)
Mongolia: Mongolia: Choir - Sainshand Transmission Line Project Land Acquisition and Resettlement Framework (LARF) June 2021 Notice This document and its contents have been prepared and are intended solely as information for and use in relation to the LARF for the Mongolia Choir to Sainshand Transmission Line Project for review by EBRD. WS Atkins International Limited assumes no responsibility to any other party in respect of or arising out of or in connection with this document and/or its contents. This document has 99 pages including the cover. Document history Document title: Land Acquisition and Resettlement Framework (LARF) Document reference: 1 Origin- Author- Revision Purpose description ated Checked Reviewed ised Date Rev 1.0 Draft OA KC KP GJ 21/07/2020 Rev 2.0 Response to EBRD TG CK KP GJ 20/10/2020 comments Rev 3.0 Response to EBRD TG CK KP GJ 25/11/2020 comments Rev 4.0 Final TG CK KP GJ 15/06/2021 Client signoff Client EBRD Project Mongolia: Mongolia: Choir -Sainshand Transmission Line Project Job number 5196941 Version 4.0 | June 2021 SEA & Atkins | LARF Page 2 of 99 Contents Chapter Page Abbreviations and Acronyms 6 1. Introduction 9 1.1. Background 9 1.2. Purpose and Scope of the LARF 9 1.3. Objectives of the LARF 9 1.4. Responsibilities 10 1.5. Content of the LARF 10 2. Project Description 11 2.1. Introduction 11 2.2. Project Context 11 2.3. The Project 11 2.4. Project Need 14 2.5. Proposed Works 14 2.6. Establishment of the Right of Way 16 2.7. -
9Khdawncte5krjt.Pdf
Contents: Section I: Request for Expression of Interest (Invitation for Prequalification) .......................................... 3 Section II: Instructions to Participants (ITP) ............................................................................................. 5 Section III: Data Sheet (DS) ................................................................................................................... 16 Section IV: Eligibility and Qualification Criteria ...................................................................................... 23 Section V: Forms .................................................................................................................................... 28 Section VI: Additional Information .......................................................................................................... 37 2 Section I: Request for Expression of Interest (Invitation for Prequalification) Section I: Request for Expression of Interest (Invitation for Prequalification) MINISTRY OF MINING AND HEAVY INDUSTRY OF MONGOLIA REQUEST FOR EXPRESSION OF INTEREST (INVITATION FOR PREQUALIFICATION) For the Tender to Select the Contractor for Engineering, Procurement and Construction Plus Financing (EPC plus F) of the Project to Construct a Crude Oil Pipeline in Mongolia Project Location: Mongolia Project Title: “Engineering, Procurement and Construction Plus Financing of the Project to Construct a Crude Oil Pipeline in Mongolia” The Government of Mongolia is implementing the project to establish a grassroot -
GPS Coordinates Table
GPS Coordinates Table Jiglegiin Am..................... 51º00.406 100º16.003 Mandalgov...................... 45º46.042 106º16.380 The table shows latitude and longitude coordinates for various locations in Khangal........................... 49º18.810 104º22.629 Mandal-Ovoo.................. 44º39.100 104º02.880 Khankh............................ 51º30.070 100º41.382 Manlai..............................44º04.441 106º51.703 Mongolia, in degrees, minutes and decimal minutes (DMM). To convert to Khar Bukh Balgas............. 47º53.198 103º53.513 Nomgon.......................... 42º50.160 105º08.983 degrees, minutes and seconds (DMS) format, multiply the number after Khatgal............................ 50º26.517 100º09.599 Ondorshil.........................45º13.585 108º15.223 Khishig-Öndör................. 48º17.678 103º27.086 Ongiin Khiid.....................45º20.367 104º00.306 the decimal point (including the decimal point) by 60. The result is your Khötöl..............................49º05.486 105º34.903 Orog Nuur....................... 45º02.692 100º36.314 seconds, which can be rounded to the nearest whole number. The minutes Khutag-Öndör................. 49º22.990 102º41.417 Saikhan-Ovoo..................45º27.459 103º54.110 Mogod.............................48º16.372 102º59.520 Sainshand.........................44º53.576 110º08.351 is the number between the degree symbol and the decimal point. For Mörön............................. 49º38.143 100º09.321 Sevrei...............................43º35.617 102º09.737 Orkhon........................... -
Expanding Digital Economy and Culture
Information, Communications Technology and Post Authority of Mongolia Amgalanbat Batsuren Director General of Policy and Planning Department United Nations ESCAP Expert Group Meeting on Emerging ICT Developments and Opportunities for Enhancing Cooperation for Regional Connectivity 22 November 2010 Bangkok, Thailand 1 Information, Communications Technology and Post Authority of Mongolia CONTENT y Current situation of ICT Sector of Mongolia y Policy and Regulation y Initiative for ICT Cluster Development in Mongolia United Nations ESCAP Expert Group Meeting on Emerging ICT Developments and Opportunities for Enhancing Cooperation for Regional Connectivity 22 November 2010 Bangkok, Thailand 2 Country overview Area: 1.5 M km2 between Russia and China Population: 2.7 M (2010) in Ulaanbaatar 1.0 M Geography: mountains, forest, steppe, desert Political system: Great Hural (Parliament), President Administration: Ulaanbaatar and 21 provinces Literacy rate: 97.30% Membership: UN, ESCAP, WTO, ITU, APT, etc United Nations ESCAP Expert Group Meeting on Emerging ICT Developments and Opportunities 22 November 2010 for Enhancing Cooperation for Regional Connectivity 3 Bangkok, Thailand Information, Communications Technology and Post Authority of Mongolia CurrentCurrent situationsituation ofof ICTICT SectorSector ofof MongoliaMongolia Number of ICT providers Optical fiber network Broadcasting industry Mobile coverage ICT statistics indicators United Nations ESCAP Expert Group Meeting on Emerging ICT Developments and Opportunities 22 November 2010