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1-1-Ms-Tiziana-Bonapace.Pdf Connecting economies and empowering people Regional Connectivity Agenda: Strategies for Single Information Space Tiziana Bonapace Chief ICT and Development Section Information and Communications Technology and Disaster Risk Reduction Division (IDD) United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP) ESCAP, Information and Communications Technology and Disaster Risk Reduction Division Connecting economies and empowering people Where we stand: the imperative of regional connectivity • More region-centric processes of trade, investment, financial, energy, transport flows, including data and voice • Increasingly Asia-Pacific will rely on itself for economic growth • ICTs are accelerators of this process • Growing digital divide in knowledge- networked broadband internet ESCAP, Information and Communications Technology and Disaster Risk Reduction Division Connecting economies and empowering people Infrastructure gaps in Asia-Pacific • Development of regional digital infrastructure: USD 800 billion financing gap. Underestimation • ICT as a metainfrastructure • Broadband gaps in access speed, reliability, affordabiltiy • Access: 5.09% of population in region’s developing countries • Speed: high growth in volume of data traffic and direction (intra- Asian) leading to slowdown in transmission speeds • Reliability: disruption to services due to submarine cable cuts, increased frequency and scale of disasters • High costs: 5 times costs in US/EU,, key challenge is how to reduce international backhaul costs for all operators, not just incumbents ESCAP, Information and Communications Technology and Disaster Risk Reduction Division Connecting economies and empowering people International Submarine Cable Network Indian Ocean has fewer cables than the Atlantic & the Pacific Source: Global Marine Systems Ltd ESCAP, Information and Communications Technology and Disaster Risk Reduction Division Connecting economies and empowering people Asia has less cables on land, compared to Europe & N America Biggest barrier to broadband Poor competition Mostly submarine Fierce competition Good competition •Coast-coast terrestrial ESCAP, Information and Communications•Terrestrial Technology & submarine and Disaster Risk Reduction Division Connecting economies and empowering people Terrestrial fibre optic initiatives: regional situation • Information is incomplete, scattered, kept by private sector investors, or available at high fees • A number of Information Superhighways aimed at providing transnational land-based connectivity underway • TASIM (Trans Eurasian Information Superhighway) led by Azerbaijan Government, with multistakeholder Connectivity Alliance • ADB funded SASEC and GMS intiatives • ASEAN Broadand Corridor under ASEAN Masterplan on Connectivity ESCAP, Information and Communications Technology and Disaster Risk Reduction Division Connecting economies and empowering people Terrestrial fibre optic initiatives: regional situation • Private-Public sector initiatives: - India-China direct terrestial cable link with investment by Reliance Communication and China Telecom - PHI, JPN, HK, Taiwan PoC, SIN, MAL, with investment by Digitel Crossing BI Group - Pakistan-China, under consideration, with deployment of fibreoptic cable along the routes of the ESCAP Transasian Railway Agreement linking Karakorum Pass to Gwadar • No regional map showing cross border connectivity ESCAP, Information and Communications Technology and Disaster Risk Reduction Division Connecting economies and empowering people Terrestrial fibre optic cables: Armenia ESCAP, Information and Communications Technology and Disaster Risk Reduction Division Connecting economies and empowering people Terrestrial Optic fiber network: Mongolia Sagil 50 Turgen Ulaang om 35 Ereentsav 102 Sukhbaatar Malchin Hyargas 105 61 Hovd 60 Baruunturuun 104 55 Bayantes Tun el Dashbalbar 45 Altantsugts 72 99 35 45 Ul g ii 45 Umnugobi Murun Tari al an Naranbulag 116 45 Asgat 60 35 Zuunkhangai Ulgii Hutag-Undur Darkhan Tsagaankhairkhan 28 61 72 28 Tosontsengel 62 Salkhit Bayannuur Bayanhangai 30 49 123 112 40 52 Ikh-Uul 59 Tud evt ei Ulaantolgoi Songino Shine-Ider 48 53 30 60 71 82 97 Tumurbulag Unit 30 100 Hutul 43 To lb o 91 51 Numrug ErdenetOrkhontuul zurlug Baruunkharaa Choibalsan 44 30 Tosontsengel Zuunkharaa Мянгад Telmen Ikh-Uul 49 93 51 73 87 24 60 58 90 60 Hovd 60 44 Jargalant Bulgan Saikhan 45 Orkhontuul 47 Khairkhan Tseel 57 Erdenemandal 63 83 Ider 90 Yaruu 55 90 Hishig-Undur 30 Bayanchandmani Mandal Kherlen Ugtaaltsaidam 62 Ulziit 50 60 67 86 Манхан 66 Bayankhangai 70 124 Ulai s tai UB 45 Nalaikh Dashinchilen Bayantsogt Baganuur Tsenkhermandal Battsengel 45 Bayannuur 64 Lun 5 45 38 45 49 45 38 47 215 station 50 66 103 61 Ugiinuur Gurvanbulag 88 109 55 73 Jargalantkhaan Murun Zereg Tsetserleg Undurshireet 98 Erdene 85 1K Undur k haan 90 Zuun Mod 74 Tsagaanchuluut 50 50 29 Munkhkhaan Darvi Rashaant Bagakhangai 77 Har horin 124 91 70 42 Erdenesant 65 95 103 Burd 56 Naranelgen 124 52 Elsentasarhai 60 Hujirt Darvi 35 Uulbayan Baruun-Urt 95 Altai 85 Galuut Esunzuil 75 80 Khureemaral 20 60 Шарга 70 Guulin Bayan-Ovoo 86 60 145 65 Arvaikheer Ulziit Bayan-Undur Choir 60 Tuvshinshiree 60 Bumbugur 26 Erdenetsogt Tsagaandelger65 Buutsagaan 84 28 Sant 50 Deren 80 103 79 78 Erdenedalai Airag Delgerekh 71 Hairhandulaan Bayankhongor 77 80 100 23 Nariinteel 46 45 Altanshiree 63 Bayangol 114 Mandal g obi 70 85 60 50 127 Ji ns t 28 50 Tugrug Saihan-Ovoo 77 Guchin-Us 47 88 Bogd Baruunbayan-Ulaan Sainshand 110 Saikhandulaan 93 109 Ulaan-Uul Mandal-Ovoo Mandakh 73 126 80 122 Manlai Zami in -Uu d Bulgan 100 106 Oyutolgoi Dalanzadgad 70 45 Growth of Optical Fiber 105 Khanbogd Bayan-Ovoo Nomgon 100 Network in Mongolia 15000 10000 5000 0 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Existing STM-1 optic network (Ulaanbaatar Railway ) In this y ear, STM-16 optic network will be built by Mobicom In MCC’s ICT project scope, optic network will be built by ICTA Existing STM-1, STM-4 optic network (ICTA) ESCAP, Information and Communications Technology and Disaster Risk Reduction Division Connecting economies and empowering people National initiative: Australia National Broadband Network Based on strong Government leadership which set world example Government created in 2009 the National Broadband Network Company (NBN Co) to establish a wholesale-only broadband available to all Australians, regardless of location, using fibre-optic cable, fixed wireless and satellite. ESCAP, Information and Communications Technology and Disaster Risk Reduction Division Connecting economies and empowering people National initiative: Australia National Broadband Network Image: National Broadband Network Company (NBN ESCAP, Information and Communications TechnologyCo) and Disaster Risk Reduction Division Connecting economies and empowering people Way Forward: Trans-sectoral synergies • ICT as a metainfrastrucuture: governments can create economic and social benefits across virtually all other infrastructures • Can justify costs of broadband rollout by efficiencies and savings in many services such as transport, electricity, gas, sanitation, also health and education that all use ICTs independently of each other • Benefits cannot be attained only by market forces • Important role for Goverments in developing infrastructure and trans-sectoral policies • Government leadership and vision is common element in success stories of Australia, Japan, Republic of Korea, Singapore • Key element for success: open access principles to networks that provides users with innovation capacities (rather than incumbent suppliers with their vertically integrated barriers) ESCAP, Information and Communications Technology and Disaster Risk Reduction Division The case of Rep of Korea:Connecting roll out economies of conduits along backbone highway network and empowering people Kinds Depth synthetic resin > 1.0m Car conduit road Other conduit > 0.9m Sidewalk and > 0.6m Crosswalk Track, Cross of > 1.5m highway Can be changed due to the situation such as disaster prone area ICT and Development Section, IDD, ESCAP ESCAP, Information and Communications Technology and Disaster Risk Reduction Division Connecting economies The case of Rep of Korea:and warning empowering tape people polyethylene film - 30~40cm above conduits - 20~30cm underneath from the surface (Sidewalk) - 10~20cm underneath from the surface (Pave way) Caution : Telecommunication Cable Telecom. cables are under this warning tape Emergency contact : ****-***** ICT and Development Section, IDD, ESCAP ESCAP, Information and Communications Technology and Disaster Risk Reduction Division Connecting economies Burying Conduits: the caseand empowering of RoK people G.L 600 ~ 1000 150 150 997 ~ 100 모래 1397 sand 118 스페이샤 118 spacer 50 50411 50 511 spacer Space among conduits * 100mm / 80mm : left to right * >7mm : up to down (using spacer) * 2 M : between spacer ESCAP, Information and Communications Technology and Disaster Risk Reduction Division Connecting economies Highway Optical Network:and empoweringthe case people of RoK - Inter-city Communication Network easily installable by simply synchronizing inter-city road construction - But need some regulatory arrangement while encouraging competition - USA: presidential decree signed in June 2012 Main Usage Regulation - Traffic management - Spare capacity can be provided to telecom system service provider to raise usage rate - Toll fee gathering System - by bilateral contract between Korea - Intranet (LAN, WAN), Highway Corporation and Telecom Service
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