Key 1)What What was was theHenry Black VIII’s Death? legacy? 6) Mary, Queen of Scots Words Mary, Queen of Scots was Elizabeth’s cousin and because of this (highlighted) In 1534, Henry VIII broke with the Catholic church in Rome and had a claim to the English throne. She was born and brought up made himself ‘Head of the Church in England’. This is so that he in France, but came to rule Scotland in 1561. could divorce Catherine of Aragon and marry Anne Boleyn. She was used as a Catholic ‘weapon’ to try and get Elizabeth off the throne

• Henry was brought up a Catholic and even wrote a book Why did Elizabeth execute her cousin? attacking Protestant ideas • But, he broke with the Catholic church in Rome, so that he • When Mary Queen of Scots arrived in England, Elizabeth had no idea could marry Anne Boleyn who he believed might be able what to do with her. Execute, not execute- she was lost! to give him a male heir • Elizabeth finally found that Mary was plotting against her from prison • In 1536-40, Henry dissolved the Catholic monasteries so after the ‘Babington plot’ discovered secret notes passing from Mary to a man named Anthony Babington, who was behind a scheme to kill he could take control of their land and wealth 4) Elizabeth’s Upbringing Extended Elizabeth. • Henry had the Bible translated into English so that • Elizabeth’s mother, Anne Boleyn, was executed by Henry VIII when Elizabeth was • However, Sir Francis Walsingham, Elizabeth’s chief spy, intercepted the reading everyone could understand it only 2 years old messages! This was the final straw- Elizabeth signed Mary’s death • Despite a difficult start, Elizabeth was extremely clever and could speak 5 languages warrant. th Edward VI (1547-53) by her 16 birthday (Latin, Greek, Italian, English and French) Mary 1 (1553- 58) • Elizabeth was suspected of plotting against Mary 1 (her half-sister), so was kept Mou t prisoner at various country houses so Mary could keep an eye on her n Etna Edward was brought up Protestant • Aged 25, she received word that Mary had died and became Queen in 1558 Elizabeth famously said: and became king when Henry died Mary was a strict Catholic and in 1547 because of this, married the then Catholic prince of Spain, Phillip ““I have no desire to make windows into men’s He believed in a strict form of souls.” Protestantism, so all priests had to In 1554, the country was formally wear plain clothes, pictures of united with the Catholic church saints were destroyed and a new and the Pope was declared ‘Head Tudor Religion Meaning: Elizabeth didn’t want to tell people prayer book was written in English of the Church’ again what religion people should be in their hearts Practice Questions 2) How bloody was Bloody Mary? 7) The Catholic Threat to Elizabeth

Between 1555- 1558, around 300 5) Elizabeth’s Religious Settlement Protestants were burned to death for s to Te • In 1570, the Pope excommunicated (exclude from the Catholic refusing to accept Catholic beliefs! Church) Elizabeth • After this, she faced a number of Catholic plots to try and get rid of Elizabeth was raised a Protestant but tried to find a ‘Middle way’ between the Catholics and Protestants. Whilst most people accepted this at the time, her. Most of these centred around Mary, Queen of Scots, who they BUT wanted to make England’s new Catholic Queen Nearly all evidence on this comes from the views of more strict Catholics and Protestants (Puritans) became more • Despite some plots posing a serious threat to the Queen, they were extreme later in her reign. Whatone were source the (Foxe’s symptoms Book of Martyrs) found out by her spy network and the plotters executed • Because of this, some Catholic priests were also hunted down, written by a Protestant who was very tortured and executed biased What was in the Religious Settlement?• How did people react to it?

3) A Religious rollercoaster

Some historians have The majority of people acceptedMonitoring 8) How was the Spanish ArmadaPrediction defeated? Video link • Elizabeth called herself Governor, and described this period the Religious Settlement as a not Head of the Church #Catholiclove good compromise and were King Phillip of Spain opposed Protestant as a ‘religious • She brought back the English Prayer rollercoaster’, as the happy that it would help to avoid Elizabeth, especially as she had refused to book and church services were in civil war marry him, supported pirates to attack Spanish official religion of the English (not Latin) #Protestantlove treasure ships AND had executed Mary, Queen country changed • Priests could get married if the wanted But some Catholics, especially in of Scots between Protestant to #Protestantlove the North, still held onto their He sent a fleet of 130 battle ships to attack and Catholic so many • Priests were allowed to wear brightly Catholic views so it wouldn’t take England, but they were scattered by English coloured robes #Catholiclove times over this much for them to rebel. Some ships at the Battle of Gravelines • Some lines attacking the Pope were period! Puritans also felt that Elizabeth After this, the direction of the wind changed removed from the Prayer book was not Protestant enough, and the Spanish were blown off course. Many #Catholiclove meaning they might rebel too! couldn’t navigate their way back Only 67 ships made it back to Spain, with their There was something for everyone to like! men sick and defeated