Parliamentary Debates (Hansard)

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Parliamentary Debates (Hansard) Wednesday Volume 538 11 January 2012 No. 246 HOUSE OF COMMONS OFFICIAL REPORT PARLIAMENTARY DEBATES (HANSARD) Wednesday 11 January 2012 £5·00 © Parliamentary Copyright House of Commons 2012 This publication may be reproduced under the terms of the Parliamentary Click-Use Licence, available online through The National Archives website at www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/information-management/our-services/parliamentary-licence-information.htm Enquiries to The National Archives, Kew, Richmond, Surrey TW9 4DU; e-mail: [email protected] 159 11 JANUARY 2012 160 that there are no current plans to reduce the number of House of Commons MOD police. I hope he will also be able to assure the House that the Government will never adopt any plans Wednesday 11 January 2012 to reduce security at Faslane and Coulport, given the importance of the nuclear installations there. The House met at half-past Eleven o’clock Michael Moore: As I have said, national security and the defence of our security installations are our highest priority, and we will do nothing that would compromise PRAYERS that security. [MR SPEAKER in the Chair] Child Tax Credits 2. John Robertson (Glasgow North West) (Lab): What assessment he has made of the effect of the Oral Answers to Questions autumn statement on child tax credit payments in Scotland. [88252] SCOTLAND The Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Scotland (David Mundell): The welfare system must remain fair and affordable, while protecting the most vulnerable. The Secretary of State was asked— Most working-age benefits, benefits for disabled people and the basic state pension will increase by 5.2% in Ministry of Defence Police April. In order to remain on course with the debt consolidation plan and meet their fiscal mandate, the 1. Dr Eilidh Whiteford (Banff and Buchan) (SNP): Government will increase the child element of child tax What discussions he has had with the Secretary of credit by the rate of inflation. State for Defence about Ministry of Defence police numbers in Scotland. [88251] John Robertson: According to the House of Commons Library, the Government’s decision not to proceed with The Secretary of State for Scotland (Michael Moore): the £110 increase in the child element of child tax credit We have regular discussions with ministerial colleagues will take £41 million away from nearly 400,000 children on defence matters relating to Scotland. The Under- in Scotland alone. Worst hit in Scotland will be Glasgow Secretary of State for Scotland, my right hon. Friend city, where 44,000 children are set to miss out on the Member for Dumfriesshire, Clydesdale and Tweeddale £4.8 million. When will the Secretary of State stand up (David Mundell), last spoke about the issue to the for the children of Scotland? Under-Secretary of State for Defence, my right hon. Friend the Member for South Leicestershire (Mr Robathan) David Mundell: The Government are standing up for —who is responsible for defence personnel, welfare and the children of Scotland. That is why our priority is veterans—earlier this week. sorting out the mess that the Labour Government made of our economy. The hon. Gentleman would do well to Dr Whiteford: As recently as November last year, the heed the words of the former Secretary of State for Prime Minister said that Scotland, the right hon. Member for East Renfrewshire “there are no current plans to reduce the number of Ministry of (Mr Murphy): Defence police at the Faslane or Coulport naval bases.”—[Official “The truth is the Labour party would have to make cuts if we Report, 23 November 2011; Vol. 536, c. 295.] were in power.” Since then, however, the Government have confirmed plans to cut the MOD police budget by 50%. I am John Stevenson (Carlisle) (Con): We all accept that curious to know whether the Prime Minister’s assurances these are difficult economic times, but does the Minister hold water. May I ask the Secretary of State what agree that one of the most effective ways of helping the proportion of that cut will fall in Scotland, and whether lowest-paid families is raising the income tax threshold he believes that the threats to our national security have to £10,000 and beyond? diminished sufficiently in recent months to justify a 50% cut? David Mundell: I entirely agree. The measure has had a significant impact in Scotland, and more than 2 million Michael Moore: What the Prime Minister said stands. basic-rate taxpayers will benefit from it during the There are no current plans for the MOD to reduce the current Parliament. core police role relating to the security of our national institutions, such as nuclear safety at Coulport or Faslane. Anas Sarwar (Glasgow Central) (Lab): After another National security, including the security of our defence week that has been dominated by political debate and installations, is our highest priority. The reason we have headlines relating to Scotland’s constitution, we must so many MOD police in Scotland in the first place is not ignore a report by End Child Poverty showing that our huge defence imprint, which would be put at risk 50% of local authority areas in Scotland contain wards immediately if the country were to become independent. in which 30% of children are living in poverty, and that in some wards in my constituency the figure is 50%. Mr Alan Reid (Argyll and Bute) (LD): I am delighted What action is the Secretary of State taking, along with by what the Secretary of State says about the importance the Scottish Government, to ensure that every child in of security at Faslane and Coulport, and by his assurance Scotland is given the best start and opportunities in life? 161 Oral Answers11 JANUARY 2012 Oral Answers 162 David Mundell: The hon. Gentleman raises important Mr Speaker: Order. Let me just point out to the issues, such as the fact that many of the levers relating Minister that I do not have my own Scottish Government. to child poverty rest with the Scottish Government. As a result of the autumn statement, the Scottish Government Mr Philip Hollobone (Kettering) (Con): Does my received more than £500 million in additional revenue. I hon. Friend believe that were Scotland to become separate should have thought it would be better if they focused from the United Kingdom, and were it to be forced to on how to deploy that revenue to deal with such problems join the eurozone as a condition of re-entry into the as child poverty than to obsess about the constitution. European Union, that would hinder or help inward investment into Scotland? Inward Investment David Mundell: Uncertainty over Scotland’s position 3. Alun Cairns (Vale of Glamorgan) (Con): What in the EU, and uncertainty over which currency Scotland steps he is taking to promote Scotland as a destination would use if it were ever to become independent, would for international inward investment. [88253] certainly hinder inward investment into Scotland. The Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Scotland NEETs (David Mundell): My right hon. Friend the Secretary of State and I firmly believe that Scotland is the ideal destination for international inward investment, and we 4. Mr Brian H. Donohoe (Central Ayrshire) (Lab): have taken a range of actions to promote such investment. How many young people are not in employment, My right hon. Friend recently led the largest ever Scottish training or education in Scotland. [88255] trade delegation to Brazil to promote closer business links with a key emerging market for the Scottish economy. The Secretary of State for Scotland (Michael Moore): The annual population survey of 2010 estimates that Alun Cairns: Does my hon. Friend accept that, in an 36,000 18 to 19-year-olds in Scotland were not in education, ever more competitive world, uncertainty about employment or training between 2009 and 2010. independence has not helped the cause of Scotland or any other part of the United Kingdom that is seeking to Mr Donohoe: I thank the Secretary of State for that attract much-needed inward investment? response, but it does not really answer the question of what is happening between the ages of 16 and 18, which David Mundell: I entirely agree with my hon. Friend, is as important, if not more important. What is he which is why I believe it is better that a referendum on doing to encourage youngsters to enter industry and to Scottish independence be held sooner rather than later. enable them to take up apprenticeships as joiners, electricians and plumbers, because this Government have failed to Angus Robertson (Moray) (SNP): In contrast to the attract people into those industries? Does he agree that previous intervention, will the Minister acknowledge the idea, which I suggested to him at a meeting, of that international companies investing in Scotland since setting up schools-industry liaison committees is worth the re-election of the Scottish National party Scottish supporting? Government include INEOS, PetroChina, Dell, Gamesa, Amazon, Hewlett Packard and Mitsubishi Power Systems? Michael Moore: The hon. Gentleman rightly continues Does he acknowledge that and welcome the investment? to focus on this issue. We are all deeply concerned about youth unemployment. I have visited his constituency, David Mundell: I acknowledge that those companies and I have also had other meetings in Ayrshire and have invested in spite of the uncertainty. We should elsewhere, and it is right that we should join the Scottish consider the level of investment that Scotland could Government, employers and all the agencies to help achieve if there was not that uncertainty. young people—aged between 16 and 18 and of any age—to find work or support.
Recommended publications
  • A DOCUMENTARY by CATHRYN COLLINS 88 Minutes 2010 in English and Russian with English Subtitles
    A DOCUMENTARY BY CATHRYN COLLINS 88 minutes 2010 In English and Russian with English subtitles Distributor Contact: SEVENTH ART RELEASING 1614 N. Fairfax Ave. Los Angeles, CA 90046 phone (323) 845-1455 fax (323) 845-4717 [email protected] www.7thart.com SYNOPSIS 329 words Mikhail Borisovich Khodorkovsky, formerly the wealthiest man in Russia, was arrested at gunpoint on a snowy Siberian runway on October 25, 2003. After challenging the absolute power of President Vladimir Putin in the name of an open society, his oil company, YUKOS, was seized, followed by a trial that caused international outrage. He remains defiantly imprisoned and is currently being tried on new charges of having stolen a larger sum from YUKOS than its annual gross receipts. Khodorkovsky’s life, the way in which he rose to prominence and the dramatic circumstances of his fall, are a chilling metaphor for the violent political and socioeconomic changes occurring in Russia in the last two decades. VLAST (POWER) shows how liberty and the rule of law have become casualties of the new Russia in a compelling scenario of political intrigue in an oil dependent economy. Exemplifying the wide net cast to bring down Khodorkovsky’s empire, VLAST (POWER) tells the stories of several key members of his inner circle, of their persecution and destruction of their lives. It highlights the unchecked idealism that characterizes the earliest generation of “new Russians,” the best and the brightest who were handpicked as lieutenants by Khodorkovsky, young people who came of age with the fall of the Berlin Wall, inspired by prospects of democracy and an open society.
    [Show full text]
  • Faversham Conservation Area Character Appraisal (Extract from Report to Planning Committee 9 September 2004 (Agenda Item 1.1, Annex B.)
    Faversham conservation area character appraisal (Extract from report to Planning Committee 9 September 2004 (Agenda item 1.1, Annex B.) Chapter 1: General Introduction Location and geology 1.1. Faversham is situated towards the eastern end of the Borough of Swale at the head of a narrow tidal creek flowing north into The Swale waterway. The town of Sittingbourne lies some 11 kilometres to the west, whilst Canterbury lies some 14.5 kilometres to the south east. At Faversham low interfluves of Thanet Sands with brickearth are separated by shallow valleys that have been cut down through the chalk. The town centre is sited on a ridge of chalk overlain with brickearth; it then extends west into a valley where springs emerging from the chalk feed into the creek. To the south of the town is the gently rising dip slope of the North Downs, whilst the extensive alluvial flats of the Swale marshes lie to the north. History 1.2. From a very early date the small, but navigable, waterway made the higher ground at its southern end an ideal place for settlement which, the evidence suggests, happened in pre- Roman times. Archaeological finds have confirmed that later, in Roman times, a small roadside settlement existed at Ospringe and that a series of villa estates prospered in the agricultural lands between Watling Street and the Swale. However, firm proof of a settlement on the site of the present town centre has yet to emerge. 1.3. During Saxon times, from the C6 at least, Faversham appears to have been a royal estate centre, perhaps of comparable status with Milton Regis to the west.
    [Show full text]
  • Revue VIH/Sida, Droit Et Politiques 13(1) — Juillet 2008
    Réseau juridique canadien VIH/sida REVUE VIH/SIDA, DROIT ET POLITIQUES VOLUME 13, NUMÉRO 1, JUILLET 2008 Livraison tardive – Première mondiale par le Régime canadien d’accès aux médicaments Quatre ans (à un mois près) après l’adoption d’une loi par le Parlement canadien pour permettre la four- niture de médicaments moins chers à des pays en développement qui en ont besoin, la première exporta- tion est finalement sur le point de se réaliser. Dans le présent article, Richard Elliott présente un aperçu des récents développements liés au Régime canadien d’accès aux médicaments (RCAM) et il souligne d’importants éléments à réformer pour désencombrer le régime afin qu’il soit utilisé plus facilement pour répondre à des problèmes de santé du monde en développement. Les règles de l’OMC et la loi canadienne sur l’exportation de médicaments génériques Dans ce numéro En vertu du traité de l’Organisation mondiale du commerce (OMC) Thaïlande – Le gouvernement en matière de propriété intellectuelle, l’Accord sur les aspects de ravive sa guerre contre la drogue 38 propriété intellectuelle qui touchent au commerce (« l’Accord sur Canada – Projet de loi prévoyant des les ADPIC »),1 les États membres sont tenus d’accorder des droits peines minimales obligatoires pour exclusifs de brevets pour les médicaments. Ils conservent cependant des infractions liées à la drogue 28 le droit d’accorder des licences obligatoires, qui autorisent légalement la production de versions génériques pouvant être vendues moins R.-U. – Élaborer des lignes directrices sur les poursuites cher, en échange de redevances à être versées au titulaire du brevet.
    [Show full text]
  • Why Does This Matter?
    01 HOW VLADIMIR PUTIN USES THE POWER OF THE RUSSIAN STATE TO UNDERMINE DEMOCRATIC INSTITUTIONS & THREATEN OUR WAY OF LIFE Vladimir Putin is waging a war on western democracy. His goal is clear: to undermine our values, weaken our institutions and WHY DOES disrupt the global order. It is a war on truth and our ability to distinguish fact from fiction. THIS MATTER? The Kremlin’s interference in judicial systems and national elections across the West shows that the war has entered a new phase. It deploys western law firms, secret intelligence operations, cyber-warfare, state-funded propaganda and Internet ‘trolls’. The events described in this booklet reveal a clear pattern. Whether it is murdering opponents, intimidating judges, fun- ding extreme-right parties, expropriating companies or doping athletes, the Kremlin uses all of the state’s power to achieve its goals. It has nothing but contempt for human life, democracy and the rule of law. It will stop at nothing, and no one is safe. GML September 2018 03 SHOOTING DOWN OF FLIGHT MH17 04 The Netherlands and Australia On 17 July 2014 sile that downed the plane was moved flight MH17 (Malaysia Airlines) was from Russia to rebel-held Ukraine in are now convinced that Russia is shot down in Ukraine on its way the morning of 17 July 2014, when the responsible for the deployment from Amsterdam to Kuala Lumpur. plane was shot down, and the launcher Everyone on board was killed: 283 was taken back to Russia the next day. of the Buk installation that passengers and 15 crew members.
    [Show full text]
  • Thanet Parkway Business Case 150127 V11.0.Docx Page Ii
    Thanet Parkway Station Business Case On behalf of Kent County Council Project Ref: 28470 | Date: March 2014 Office Address: Caversham Bridge House, Waterman Place, Reading, Berkshire RG1 8DN T: +44 (0)118 950 0761 F: +44 (0)118 959 7498 E: [email protected] Thanet Parkway Station Business Case Document Control Sheet Project Name: Thanet Parkway Station Project Ref: 28470-001 Report Title: Business Case Doc Ref: Date: 12.03.2014 Name Position Signature Date Darren Rawls Senior Engineer Prepared by: Paul Gebbett Principal Planner 12/03/2014 Alastair Mackie Associate Reviewed by: Leo Eyles Consultant 12/03/2014 Approved by: Bob Pinkett Partner 12/03/2014 For and on behalf of Peter Brett Associates LLP Revision Date Description Prepared Reviewed Approved Taking on board client comments 1 12.03.2014 PG AM BP on first issue 2 31.03.2014 Further amendments to text PG AM AM 3 28.01.2015 Further amendments PG AM AM Peter Brett Associates LLP disclaims any responsibility to the Client and others in respect of any matters outside the scope of this report. This report has been prepared with reasonable skill, care and diligence within the terms of the Contract with the Client and generally in accordance with the appropriate ACE Agreement and taking account of the manpower, resources, investigations and testing devoted to it by agreement with the Client. This report is confidential to the Client and Peter Brett Associates LLP accepts no responsibility of whatsoever nature to third parties to whom this report or any part thereof is made known. Any such party relies upon the report at their own risk.
    [Show full text]
  • Deal Town Council Transport & Infrastructure Committee Comments
    Deal Town Council Transport & Infrastructure Committee comments on KCC Rail Strategy November 2020 Thanks for the opportunity to comment on the KCC’s Draft Rail Strategy 2021. We are writing on behalf of Deal Town Council’s Transport and Infrastructure Committee with comments, observations and some suggestions. Overview Before we make some specific comments on specific paragraphs in the report we would like to present a reaction and some thoughts about the thrust of the strategy. The draft strategy kicks off with good intentions and aspirational words but then retreats into business as usual. There’s still a presumptive thread that runs through the strategy that train travel is about getting to and from London. The world has changed. The days when London Commuters financed the railways in Kent are over. Few if any organisations or corporations wants to go back to full time offices. The savings and convenience have been too great for everyone. The Mayor of London’s office is researching what the new future of Greater London will be. They know that this hiatus will change the way we work for good. It is wholly unrealistic to expect that commuting will be back to pre-pandemic levels by 2025. So, the strategy has got to think of train travel in new ways, which is tough for a hard fixed infrastructure. The strategy is doesn’t appear to be considering those every day journeys we want people to take by train and not by car. Again, with train travel at record lows, a re-nationalised operation, a desperate need to move away from road usage, now is the time to re-imagine our rail services, resolve the decades long problems of unbelievable dis-connectivity on and off the rails, poor safety & security, uncompetitive pricing, extreme peaks and troughs.
    [Show full text]
  • Written Guide
    Invasion coast A self-guided walk between Walmer and Deal in Kent Explore two towns shaped by the sea Discover how the East Kent coast has faced centuries of invasion Find out how this fragile landscape has evolved over the centuries Enjoy beautiful shingle beaches with diverse wildlife and spectacular views .discoveringbritain www .org ies of our land the stor scapes throug discovered h walks 2 Contents Introduction 4 Route overview 5 Practical information 6 Detailed route maps and stopping points 8 Commentary 10 Further information 37 Credits 38 © The Royal Geographical Society with the Institute of British Geographers, London, 2014 Discovering Britain is a project of the Royal Geographical Society (with IBG) The digital and print maps used for Discovering Britain are licensed to the RGS-IBG from Ordnance Survey Cover image: WW2 pillbox above Kingsdown beach © Grant Sibley 3 Invasion coast Explore a changing coastline between Walmer and Deal The East Kent coast between Walmer, Kingsdown and Deal has faced the threat of invasion for centuries. Its flat shores and proximity to Europe have attracted many overseas invaders from Julius Caesar’s Roman legions to Napoleon’s warships, from First World War bombers to Hitler’s planned invasion in 1940. But humans are not the only threat to this part of Britain’s coast. This coastline faces constant attack from the powerful forces of the North Sea. Wave and storm erosion along this coastline creates both threat and opportunity in a constantly shifting landscape. This walk explores the dynamic East Kent coast from the medieval village of Old Walmer to the twenty-first century seaside town of Deal.
    [Show full text]
  • Southeastern Trains Map Pdf
    Southeastern trains map pdf Continue Routes encoded by three London terminals. The best experience from several routes to London. Offer the Priorat to be dumped from Dover as it was a long time since there was no Marine Corps, Harbor or City Station. London Bridge is completely open. With work on the redevelopment of London Bridge. Not 45o lines to the right of the map. It's a bad map type that makes something that's just on earth unrecognizable. Since when did Kent look like this - with a club leg? The map takes straight and straight south-east main lines (London - Tonbridge - Hastings and Tonbridge - Ashford - Dover) in a tangled few corners. Tonbridge - Dover line arrow straight (superb piece of engineering Cubitt) - why put four bends in it? Not only that, but it's so boring you can die of depression just by looking at it. Pointless headline. Buffers in London termini, but not elsewhere. Poor geographical relations between London terminals. Strange and gloomy flower-breeding - not typical (and two dark brown colors from Charing Cross). Lines do not intersect correctly, for example in Ebbsfleet. No statement on the choice of station (stations disappear along the north Kent coast). The routes are colored. Includes Thameslink to Bedford as a co-service. Poor presentation of Javelin's new fast services: unclear around Gravesend showing Eurostar passes; The North Kent lines stretched too far to the right making Javelin/Eurostar very indirect. The map below was added without a rethink. Some very small type there. You may not recognize this important route on this map.
    [Show full text]
  • GML Evidence to Commons Inquiry Into Russian Corruption and the UK
    Evidence to the House of Commons Select Committee on Foreign Affairs Inquiry into Russian corruption and the UK A. Rosneft: a case study in Kremlin kleptocracy 1. GMLi, via its wholly-owned subsidiaries, Yukos Universal and Hulley Enterprises, was the majority shareholder of the former Yukos Oil Company (‘Yukos’). 2. Yukos was a successful Russian company which introduced OECD standards of corporate governance, published quarterly financial reports, and declared its entire ownership structure. By 2003, Yukos had joined the Financial Times’ top-ten global companies for shareholder confidence. 3. In February 2003, Yukos CEO, Mikhail Khodorkovsky, appeared on Russian television with other business leaders and President Vladimir Putin, and called for action against state corruptionii. In October that year, Mr Khodorkovsky was seized at gunpoint, detained on trumped-up charges of tax fraud, and jailed alongside his colleague, Platon Lebedev. Both men spent ten years in prison. 4. The European Court of Human Rights (ECHR) condemned their trials and those of two other Yukos colleagues, Alexei Pichugin and Vasily Aleksanyan. Mr Pichugin remains in jail after 15 years and is now Russia’s longest-serving political prisoneriii. Mr Aleksanyan died because Russian authorities denied him medical treatment when he refused to sign statements against his former colleagues. In 2014, the ECHR awarded €1.9 billion in compensation iv to Yukos shareholders, which Russia has refused to pay. 5. The original US Magnitsky Act expressed grave concern over the imprisonment of Messrs Khodorkovsky and Lebedev. It declared that “by silencing influential and accomplished figures such as Khodorkovsky and Magnitsky, the Russian authorities have made it abundantly clear that anyone in Russia can be silenced.” 6.
    [Show full text]
  • Boats, Birds & Bays
    The Contra Trail Boats, Birds & Bays Ramsgate to Pegwell Walk explore kent | 1 Ramsgate “Ramsgate’s at the Land’s End of the south-east; the to Pegwell getaway place with great scenery and the great Bay Walk outdoors. (And it’s just down the line from London.)” Nicholas Crane Presenter of the BBC Coast series A Royal Harbour with the common touch. An English monument to a Viking invasion. A nature reserve with wetland birds you’ll want to shout about. Beautiful bays and boats galore. Whatever you think you know about the South East coast, get ready to think again, because this is a route that’s brimming with fascinating contradictions. 2 | explore kent explore kent | 3 Bright lights & light bites The Contra Trail - a gentle 6.1 mile (9.8km) walk 1820 by King George IV, who was so moved by Along the way you will pass the beautiful marina that leads past the hustle and bustle of modern the warmth and hospitality he received from with its array of boats and yachts… with the Ramsgate, down the gently undulating Isle of his commoners, that he officially decreed the start of the walk just a stone’s throw from the Thanet Coastal path and into the natural peace harbour to be ‘Royal’. best chip shop in Britain. It’s official! A wealth and tranquillity of Pegwell Bay, is everything a of sights, old and new, all help create a perfect walk should be, and much more besides. And It will introduce you to a vibrant, modern backdrop to this perfectly British walk.
    [Show full text]
  • The Ukrainian Weekly 2008, No.15
    www.ukrweekly.com INSIDE: • The crisis at Ukraine’s state archives — page 5. • Commentary on the verdict in the Gongadze case – page 8. • More on NATO’s summit in Bucharest — pages 10-12. HE KRAINIAN EEKLY T PublishedU by the Ukrainian National Association Inc., a fraternal non-profitW association Vol. LXXVI No. 15 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, APRIL 13, 2008 $1/$2 in Ukraine NATO makes commitment to eventual membership for Ukraine and Georgia by Vladimir Socor Eurasia Daily Monitor At its Bucharest summit, NATO postponed a decision on approving Membership Action Plans (MAPs) for Ukraine and Georgia; but it gave the two countries much more than immediate MAPs. The alliance committed itself clearly – albeit without a deadline – to the political and strategic goal of Ukrainian and Georgian member- ship in the alliance. “NATO welcomes Ukraine’s and Georgia’s aspirations for membership in NATO. We agreed today that these countries will become members of NATO. Both nations have made valuable contributions to alliance operations. We welcome the democratic reforms in Ukraine and Official Website of Ukraine’s President Georgia and look forward to free and fair parliamentary During the NATO-Ukraine Commission meeting on April 4, President Viktor Yushchenko of Ukraine listens elections in Georgia in May. MAP is the next step for as NATO Secretary-General Jaap de Hoop Scheffer speaks. Ukraine and Georgia on their direct way to membership. Today we make clear that we support these countries’ applications for MAP. Therefore, we will now begin at a Ukraine’s leaders see victory at NATO summit high political level to address the questions still outstand- ing, pertaining to their MAP applications.
    [Show full text]
  • The EU-Russia Review
    Contents Introduction 2 Fraser Cameron Tensions Multiply between Russia and Council of Europe: Could the 4 Malaise be Terminal? Bill Bowring The Rule of Law and Independence of the Judiciary in Russia 13 Rupert D’Cruz Today’s Russian Judiciary has its Roots in its Soviet Past 19 Elena Liptser Enhancing the Rule of Law by Strengthening the Legal Profession: 24 Balancing the Scales of Lady Justice Rahela Dosen ANNEX I 28 The Penitentiary System of Russia, Elena Liptser Presentation ANNEX II 36 Federal Map of Prisons in Russia, Elena Liptser Presentation 1 Review 6 Introduction The sixth issue of the EU-Russia Centre Review is devoted to the rule of law in Russia and comprises four articles by practitioners who have extensive experience of the judicial systems throughout Europe. The notion of “Rule of Law” is complex and can have many interpretations. It is a challenge for most countries, particularly those that are going through transition, as norms and practices are always difficult to change once they become embedded into the system and people’s mentality. The Council of Europe was set up partly to help European states tackle these issues. The challenge for Russia is greater than for many countries due to its sheer size and the legacy of historical developments that have marked it, especially in the 20th century. Legal reforms and social changes require a change of societal values that shift from those sustaining a powerful state and a centrally-planned economy, to those guaranteeing pluralism, private property and freedom of expression.
    [Show full text]