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Chamaedorea Amabilis Principes,34(l),1990, pp. 4-10 Chamaedoreaamabilis: an Ornamental ra ' ': )pecres lrom Central America Donero R. Honnr Uniaersity of California, 2615 S. Grand Attenue, Suite 4OO, Los Angeles, CA 9OO07 One of the objectives of field work in that I was not going to achieve my objec- CostaRica and Panamain I9B7 in support tive with this specieson this trip. Later, of a project on the cultivated species of however,I wasfortunate enoughto observe Chamaedoreawas to locate C. am(rbilis what I assumedto be C. amabilis at Jardin in the wild in order to compare it with Bot6nico Robert y Catherine Wilson (for- material bearing that name in cultivation. merlv Las Cruces Tropical Botanical Gar- Collectors in California and Florida have den) near San Vito de Coto Brus in Costa a highly ornamental,bifidJeaved palm they Rica (Figs. l-3). These plants had been call C. amabills. Although thesecultivated collectedby the late Mr. RobertG. Wilson, plantsappear to match descriptionsin the founder of the Garden, on the Atlantic literature (Dammer 1904, Guillaumin slope of Costa Rica or had been brought 1923, Standley 1937), it was difficult to to him from Panama.They had been iden- confirm since the published accounts are tified as such by the late Harold E. Moore, so meager and without illustrations. Key Jr. during one of his visits to the Garden. detailed information about its habit, inflo- Another objective of this trip was to rescences,and flowerswas lacking. Iocate Chamaedoreacoclensis Bailey, a Charnaedoreadmabilis was first col- bifid-leavedspecies described from near El lected by Hermann Wendland about the Valle in Cocl6 Province of Panama' C. middle of the 19th Century along the Rio coclensiswas discoveredby Paul Allen in Sarapiqui near the village of San Miguel 1939 and described,named' and illus- in CostaRica. Wendlandreturned to Ger- trated by Bailey in 1943. I had been many with living material and grew the informed by collectors that a dwarf, bifid- palm in his greenhousesat Herrenhausen Ieaved speciessimilar, if not identical to, near Hannover.He prepareda description C. purnila Wendland ex Dammer was and name for it which were published a sometimessold by local peoplein the mar- year after his death by his friend Udo ket at El Valle. I thought that, perhaps, Dammer(1904). C. coclensiswas simply a form of C. pumi- In March 1987 I searchedfor C. arna' la. Coincidentally, the type of C. pumila, bitis nforest remnantsalong the Rio Sara- Iike C. amabilis, was collectednear San piqui near San Miguel and along the Rio Miguel along the Rio Sarapiqui in Costa Suciowhere it had beenreported to occur Rica by Hermann Wendland. Wendlan{'s by collectors. Both the Rio Sarapiqui and descriptionand name for it were published the Rio Sucio are on the wet, Atlantic slope by Dammer in the same article in which of CostaRica. The vegetationhere is lux- C. amabiLisappeared. uriant and palms of many kinds grow in In April 1987 I visited El Valle in the great abundance.Unfortunately, C. ama' hope of tracking down C. coclensis and 6ills eludedme in both locations and I felt other speciesof the genusnamed from the r9901 HODEL:CHAMAEDOREA AMABILIS l. Chamaedoreaamabilis cultivatedin CostaRica at the Jardin Bot5nico Robert y Catherine Wilson, San Vito de Coto Brus, Puntarenas. area. After much. searching, plants were located that collectors had referred to as 2. A staminate plant of Chamaedorea amabilis C. pumila and growing with it, much to cultivated at the Jardin Bot6nico Robert y Catherine my surprise,were plantsthat matchedup Wilson in Costa Rica, D. R. & M. A. Hodel 625. very well to what is in cultivation as C. This plant was collectedoriginally near El Valle, Pan- amabilis. The two are verv distinct. the former being acaulescentand having leaf sheathslongitudinally open and claspingin place as it became clear that Bailey's a circular manner only near the basewith Charnaedoreacoclensis is identicalto C. leathery, pleated,upright, mottled, bluish- arnabilis and is, therefore, synonymous green leaves.The plants assumedto be C. with it. Both types match well with material arnabilis, on the other hand, had a stem bearing that name in cultivation and with to two meters tall and tubular, clasping that encounteredin Costa Rica and Pan- leaf bases with papery, horizontal, light ama. They alsomatch specimensidentified green leaves(Figs. -5). as C. amabilis at the L. H. Bailey Hor- On a return trip to Costa Rica and Pan- torium collectedby H. E. Moore, Jr. in ama in DecemberI9B7,I wassuccessful Costa Rica. The notion of synonymy of in locating what I assumedro be C. am,a- these two taxa was corroboratedby Dr. bilis at the type locality near San Miguel MichaelH. Grayumof the MissouriBotan- along the Rio Sarapiquiin Costa Rica (Fig. ical Garden who is stationedin Costa Rica 6). In addition, I observedit on the Atlantic and who is working on a treatment of slope at El Cop6, not too distant from El Charnaedorea for the forthcoming Flora Valle. Later, upon my return to Los Ange- Costaricensis(W. C. Burger, ed.). les, I was able to examine the type of C. W'e returned from Costa Rica and Pan- coclensisfrom the MissouriBotanical Gar- ama with living material of C. arnabilis den and the type of C. amabilis from Kew. and were successfulin establishingit here The pieces of the puzzlebegan to fall into in the greenhousein Los Angeles. Fortu- PRINCIPES [Vor. 34 3. Another view of the plant in Figure 2. nately, we have plants of both sexes and Stem.'solitary,erect but sometimespro- these have flowered freely, enabling us to cumbent for short distancesbefore turning gather staminateand pistillate flowers and upward, I-2 m tall, very slender, 7-10 describe these for the first time. Also, mm diam., conspicuously ringed, inter- through hand pollination, we have been nodes5 cm long, conspicuousadventitious successful in setting fruit. The formal prop roots at the baseto I0 cm high. reductionof C. coclensisis madehere and Leaaes: 4-5, horizontal, simple and -an expandeddescription is provided. bifid, rich green; sheath I2 cm long, cylin- drical, tightly clasping, green, faintly lon- Chamaedorea amabilis H. A. Wendl. gitudinally striate-nervedipetiole 3-12 cm ex Datntl,er, Gard. Chron. Ser. 3, 36: long, bright green and flat above and with 245.1904; Guillaumin,Journ. Soc. Nat. a raised, light green, triangular knoblike Hort. FranceSer. 4" 24: 225. 1923: appendageat the base, rounded' striate, Burreto Notizbl. Bot. Gart. Berlin I l: and with a somewhatindistinct pale band 737. 1933; Standley,Field Mus. Nat. below; rachis 15-20 cm long, green and Hist. Bot. l8: lI2. 1937; Chazdon, angled above, rounded and pale-banded Brenesia,in press, 1989. Type: Costa below;blade 30-50 cm long, 15 cm wide Rica, Alajuela, Valley of the Rio Sara- at the apex, there 2-lobed to about 7e or piqur, Wendland s.n. (Holotype K). % the length ofthe blade,broadly obovate Nunnezharia amabilis (H. A. Wendl.) O. in outline, cuneate at the base,outer mar- Kuntze,Rev. Gen. Plant. 2: 730, 189l. gins on the upper half conspicuouslyser- Chamaedorea coclensis Bailey, Gentes rate-dentate,glabrous, thin-papery, glossy Herb. 6: 236, fig. I23. 1943a; Arn. underneath, 25 prominent nerves on each Mo. Bot. Gard. 30: 327-343. I943b. side of the rachis. Type: Panama,Cocle, El Yalle, Allen Inf,orescences.'arising from nodes 1815 (Holotype MO). beneaththe leaves,closely ascending, slen- ree0l HODEL:CHAMAEDOREA AMABILIS der; pedunclesI0-I5 cm long, green in flower, 4 mrn wide at the base, 5 mm wide at the apex; bracts 4, papery-membra- nous, greenishbut rapidly turning brown- ish or rotting to nearly transparent by anthesis,longitudinally striate-nerved, the uppermost exceeding the peduncle, acu- minate, bifid, the lowermost (prophyll) I cm long, the 2nd 3 cm long, the 3rd 7 cm long, the distal one l0 cm long; sta- minate inflorescencebearing a very short rachis, L cm long, green in flower; rachillae 3-7 (or inflorescencerarely spicateor fur- cate), erect, spreading,15-25 cm long, 3-4 mm diam., green, minutely white- spotted, rather densely flowered. Pistillate inflorescencespicate or sometimesfurcate; rachis or flower-bearingportion if spicate or the rachillaeif furcate 15-20 cm long, 15 mm diam., erect, rather denselyflow- ered, green and minutely white-spottedin flower, swollenand reddish-orangein fruit. Flowers: staminate arranged in rather 4. Chamaedorea amabilis growing in dense, wet densespirals, slightly immersedin circular forest near El Valle, Panama. Note the aerial roots of the stem. depressions2 mm long, subglobose,obtuse at the base or somewhat flattened. aromatic. 2-2.5 mm high, 2.5 mm wide,greenish at anthe- wide, lime-green, white-margined, apex sis ageingto brown; calyx low, 0:5-0.75 very broadly truncate; pistil depressed-glo- mm high, cuplike, the lobes barely visible, bose,1.5 mm high, 2 mm wide, dark green, greenish; corolla with petals connate at styles lacking, stigmas short, black. their tips and there adnate to the pistillode Fruit: globoseto oblong, 12 mm long, and opening by very small, basal, lateral 9 mm broad, black, smooth and glossy. apertures,the petals2.5 mm long, 2 mm Distribution: dense,wet forest; 500- wide, valvate, greenish; stamens 6, con- 1,000 m elevation.Costa Rica, Panama, nate at the base, 1.5 mm high, anthers Colombia. 0.75 mm long; pistillodeobovoid, 2-2.5 SpecimensExarnined. COSTA RICA. mm high, swollen apically, there I mm Alajuela: near San Miguel along the Rio wide, green. Pistillate flowers arranged in Sarapiqui,H. Wendland s. n. (K, holo- rath€r dense spirals, slightly immersed in type); fL E. Moore Jr. 6610, 6658 (BH); elliptical depressions, 2 5 mm distant, D. R. Hod.el& M. A. Hodel716A & B depressed-globose,2 mm high, 3 mm wide, (BH,CR);L.
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