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The Conflict's Complexity in Northern Mali Calls for Tailored Solutions
Policy Note 1, 2015 By Ole Martin Gaasholt Who needs to reconcile with whom? The Conflict’s Complexity in Northern Mali Calls for Tailored Solutions PHOTO: MARC DEVILLE/GETTY IMAGES While negotiations are taking place in Algiers, some observers insist on the need for reconciliation between Northern Mali and the rest of the country and particularly between Tuareg and other Malians. But the Tuareg are a minority in Northern Mali and most of them did not support the rebels. So who needs to be reconciled with whom? And what economic solutions will counteract conflict? This Policy Note argues that not only exclusion underlies the conflict, but also a lack of economic opportunities. The important Tuareg component in most rebellions in Mali does not mean that all Tuareg participate or even support the rebellions. ll the rebellions in Northern Mali the peoples of Northern Mali, which they The Songhay opposed Tuareg and Arab have been initiated by Tuareg, typi- called Azawad, and not just of the Tuareg. rebels in the 1990s, whereas many of them cally from the Kidal region, whe- There has thus been a sequence of joined Islamists controlling Northern Mali in reA the first geographically circumscribed rebellions in Mali in which the Tuareg 2012. Very few Songhay, or even Arabs, joined rebellion broke out a few years after inde- component has been important. In the Mouvement National pour la Libération pendence in 1960. Tuareg from elsewhere addition, there have been complex de l’Azawad (MNLA), despite the claim that in Northern Mali have participated in later connections between the various conflicts, Azawad was a multiethnic territory. -
Report of the Secretary-General on the Situation in Mali
United Nations S/2016/1137 Security Council Distr.: General 30 December 2016 Original: English Report of the Secretary-General on the situation in Mali I. Introduction 1. By its resolution 2295 (2016), the Security Council extended the mandate of the United Nations Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in Mali (MINUSMA) until 30 June 2017 and requested me to report on a quarterly basis on its implementation, focusing on progress in the implementation of the Agreement on Peace and Reconciliation in Mali and the efforts of MINUSMA to support it. II. Major political developments A. Implementation of the peace agreement 2. On 23 September, on the margins of the general debate of the seventy-first session of the General Assembly, I chaired, together with the President of Mali, Ibrahim Boubacar Keita, a ministerial meeting aimed at mitigating the tensions that had arisen among the parties to the peace agreement between July and September, giving fresh impetus to the peace process and soliciting enhanced international support. Following the opening session, the event was co-chaired by the Minister for Foreign Affairs, International Cooperation and African Integration of Mali, Abdoulaye Diop, and the Minister of State, Minister for Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation of Algeria, Ramtane Lamamra, together with the Under - Secretary-General for Peacekeeping Operations. In the Co-Chairs’ summary of the meeting, the parties were urged to fully and sincerely maintain their commitments under the agreement and encouraged to take specific steps to swiftly implement the agreement. Those efforts notwithstanding, progress in the implementation of the agreement remained slow. Amid renewed fighting between the Coordination des mouvements de l’Azawad (CMA) and the Platform coalition of armed groups, key provisions of the agreement, including the establishment of interim authorities and the launch of mixed patrols, were not put in place. -
Elephant Conservation in Mali: Engaging with a Socio-Ecological
Empowering Communities to Conserve the Mali Elephants in Times of War and Peace Dr Susan Canney, Director of the Mali Elephant Project Research Associate, University of Oxford Lake Banzena by Carlton Ward Jr How have these elephants survived? •Internationally important elephant population •12% of all West African elephants •Most northerly in Africa •Undertake the longest &most unusual migration of all elephants Save the Elephants’ GPS collar data 3 elephants 2000-2001 9 elephants 2008-2009 Zone of Intervention The elephant migration route (in brown) in relation to West Africa. The area of project intervention comprises the elephant range and extends to the Niger river (in blue) Timbuktu 100km A typical small lake (with fishing nets in the foreground) Timbuktu 100km Photograph by Carlton Ward Jr Photograph by Carlton Ward Jr Increasing human occupation and activity accelerating through 1990s and 2000s Population density by commune 1997 census data Ouinerden #### Rharous #### ###### # # ## Bambara ## # Djaptodji Maounde N'Tillit Inadiatafane ###### #### # ## # ## #### ######################### # ###### ## ### ### ###################################################################################################################################################################################### # #### ############# ## Gossi #### ################################################# # # # ####### ################# ## ######## ########### ##### ######## # # ########### ##### ### ## ##################################################################################################################################################################################################### -
DIRECTION NATIONALE DE L'hydraulique Région De
MINISTÈRE DE L’ÉNERGIE ET DE L’EAU DIRECTION NATIONALE DE L’HYDRAULIQUE SITUATION DES POINTS D’EAU MODERNES AU MALI à partir de l'inventaire national réalisé en décembre 2018 Région de GAO Ministère de l’Énergie et de l'Eau Direction Nationale de l'Hydraulique Région de GAO 4 Cercles 23 Communes 696 Villages Situation des points d'eau modernes 2580 Points d'eau 41% Taux d'équipement 28% Taux d'accès Taux d'accès dans la région de GAO Cercle Population EPEM Total EPEM fonctionnel Taux d'eq́ uipement Taux d'acces̀ ANSONGO 230 246 300 175 37 % 26 % BOUREM 180 480 161 68 27 % 12 % GAO 363 073 976 614 50 % 38 % MENAKA 114 421 167 76 40 % 21 % Région de GAO Taux d'accès dans le cercle de ANSONGO Légende Réseau hydrographique Routes nationales Taux de desserte 0% - 20% 20% - 40% 40% - 60% 60% - 80% 80% - 100% Situation Region de GAO Cercle de ANSONGO Population 230246 Nombre de communes 7 Points d'eau 504 Taux d'équipement 37% Taux d'accès 26% Données collectées : Décembre 2018 Région de GAO Taux d'accès dans le cercle de ANSONGO Commune Population EPEM Total EPEM fonctionnel Taux d'eq́ uipement Taux d'acces̀ ANSONGO 40133 68 41 60 % 41 % BARA 20577 87 38 85 % 60 % BOURRA 24150 34 24 53 % 39 % OUATTAGOUNA 43297 37 28 34 % 26 % TALATAYE 44843 7 5 4 % 3 % TESSIT 29716 46 26 27 % 16 % TIN HAMA 27530 21 13 21 % 16 % Cercle de ANSONGO Types de points d'eau dans la commune de ANSONGO Légende Village Réseau hydrographique Route nationale Type de point d'eau SAEP PMH Forage non équipé Puits citerne Puits moderne Situation Cercle de ANSONGO Commune de -
MALI - Cercle De Gao: Carte De Référence (Octobre 2013)
MALI - Cercle de Gao: Carte de référence (Octobre 2013) KIDAL (KIDAL) Frontière internationale ALGERIE Limite de région Limite de cercle MAURITANIE Dabacar Chef-lieu de région Chef-lieu de cercle Kel amassine Kel takaraghate kalawate Icharamatane Chef-lieu de commune SENEGAL Kel taborack Village NIGER Kel sidalamine foulane Ilokane BURKINA FASO samit Cercle (autre région) Ifoghas GUINEE Kel bandaf 2 Cercle Gao Ibokalitane inouly Imrad divers MENAKA Forgeron Kel tafoulante Kel bandaf 1 Imilicha Ikefoutane COMMUNE Kel Imagrane talmen Inarwarene aboubakrine Ichadenharene Ikarbaganene Igawelene ANCHAWADI Kel Ighanagassane 1 tondibi GABERO Imagrane tikli Cheriffen haoussa BOUREM GAO Kel tanderbatene GOUNZOUREYE Ibohanane N'TILIT Kel ahad Imididaghane 2 SONI ALI BER Igorarene Ighanagassane 2 Imididaghane 1 TIILEMSI Kel Ikadeyane tadjalatt Cheriffen Fleuve Kel gourma TIILEMSI amdiliss Route principale Akodaka adinebangou Kareibandia Koygourou Badji Route tertiaire M'balde haoussa Kareibandia-ile Delega Goura Adineme Barissadji Meataha Aéroport international Kounsoum Barissadji Ile-goudelbaria Silwali Piste d'atterrissage Doumbaria SONI ALI BER Bagnadji Bossobon Gabame Lamboubero Hoyangaraba Djeboubero Kochakarei Kabanna DEMOGRAPHIE (2013) Baringouna AlizegameTondiagame Katia koima Seina ANCHAWADI Seyname Kel Total tanoukassane Taraykongo Berrahile Bella Ikalawatene cherifen kel doro GAO Ikayawane Chateau Kel razzaf Korogoussou Kosseye 8 472 157 8 472 157 16 806 999 Sidibe Mali Peulguelgobe Boulgoundie Bagoundie 2 Wabaria Norbene GOUNZOUREYE -
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! ! ! ! ! RÉGION DE MOPTI - MALI ! Map No: MLIADM22305 ! ! 5°0'W 4°0'W ! ! 3°0'W 2°0'W 1°0'W Kondi ! 7 Kirchamba L a c F a t i Diré ! ! Tienkour M O P T I ! Lac Oro Haib Tonka ! ! Tombouctou Tindirma ! ! Saréyamou ! ! Daka T O M B O U C T O U Adiora Sonima L ! M A U R I T A N I E ! a Salakoira Kidal c Banikane N N ' T ' 0 a Kidal 0 ° g P ° 6 6 a 1 1 d j i ! Tombouctou 7 P Mony Gao Gao Niafunké ! P ! ! Gologo ! Boli ! Soumpi Koulikouro ! Bambara-Maoude Kayes ! Saraferé P Gossi ! ! ! ! Kayes Diou Ségou ! Koumaïra Bouramagan Kel Zangoye P d a Koulikoro Segou Ta n P c ! Dianka-Daga a ! Rouna ^ ! L ! Dianké Douguel ! Bamako ! ougoundo Leré ! Lac A ! Biro Sikasso Kormou ! Goue ! Sikasso P ! N'Gorkou N'Gouma ! ! ! Horewendou Bia !Sah ! Inadiatafane Koundjoum Simassi ! ! Zoumoultane-N'Gouma ! ! Baraou Kel Tadack M'Bentie ! Kora ! Tiel-Baro ! N'Daba ! ! Ambiri-Habe Bouta ! ! Djo!ndo ! Aoure Faou D O U E N T Z A ! ! ! ! Hanguirde ! Gathi-Loumo ! Oualo Kersani ! Tambeni ! Deri Yogoro ! Handane ! Modioko Dari ! Herao ! Korientzé ! Kanfa Beria G A O Fraction Sormon Youwarou ! Ourou! hama ! ! ! ! ! Guidio-Saré Tiecourare ! Tondibango Kadigui ! Bore-Maures ! Tanal ! Diona Boumbanke Y O U W A R O U ! ! ! ! Kiri Bilanto ! ! Nampala ! Banguita ! bo Sendegué Degue -Dé Hombori Seydou Daka ! o Gamni! d ! la Fraction Sanango a Kikara Na! ki ! ! Ga!na W ! ! Kelma c Go!ui a Te!ye Kadi!oure L ! Kerengo Diambara-Mouda ! Gorol-N! okara Bangou ! ! ! Dogo Gnimignama Sare Kouye ! Gafiti ! ! ! Boré Bossosso ! Ouro-Mamou ! Koby Tioguel ! Kobou Kamarama Da!llah Pringa! -
A Multivocal Analysis of the 2012 Political Crisis in the Divided
One hippopotamus and eight blind analysts: a multivocal analysis of the 2012 political crisis in the divided Republic of Mali Baz Lecocq, Gregory Mann, Bruce Whitehouse, Dida Badi, Lotte Pelckmans, Nadia Belalimat, Bruce Hall, Wolfram Lacher To cite this version: Baz Lecocq, Gregory Mann, Bruce Whitehouse, Dida Badi, Lotte Pelckmans, et al.. One hippopota- mus and eight blind analysts: a multivocal analysis of the 2012 political crisis in the divided Republic of Mali. Review of African Political Economy, Taylor & Francis (Routledge), 2013, 40, pp.343 - 357. 10.1080/03056244.2013.799063. halshs-01395536 HAL Id: halshs-01395536 https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-01395536 Submitted on 10 Nov 2016 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. One Hippopotamus and Eight Blind Analysts: A multivocal analysis of the 2012 political crisis in the divided Republic of Mali Extended Editors Cut* Baz Lecocq, Gregory Mann, Bruce Whitehouse, Dida Badi, Lotte Pelckmans, Nadia Belalimat, Bruce Hall, Wolfram Lacher∗ I. Introduction In 2012, the political landscape in the Republic of Mali transformed rapidly, drastically, and unpredictably. The formation of a new Tuareg political movement—the National Movement of Azawad—in October 2010 and the return to Mali of Tuareg with military experience from the Libyan conflict in August 2011—bringing along heavy weapons and logistical supplies— made speculation on renewed violence on the part of separatist Tuareg inevitable. -
Mali Enhanced Market Analysis 2019
FEWS NET Mali Enhanced Market Analysis 2019 MALI ENHANCED MARKET ANALYSIS JUNE 2019 This publication was produced for review by the United States Agency for International Development. It was prepared by Chemonics International Inc. for the Famine Early Warning Systems Network (FEWS NET), contract number AID-OAA-I-12-00006. The authors’Famine views Early expressed Warning inSystem this publications Network do not necessarily reflect the views of the 1 United States Agency for International Development or the United States government. FEWS NET Mali Enhanced Market Analysis 2019 About FEWS NET Created in response to the 1984 famines in East and West Africa, the Famine Early Warning Systems Network (FEWS NET) provides early warning and integrated, forward-looking analysis of the many factors that contribute to food insecurity. FEWS NET aims to inform decision makers and contribute to their emergency response planning; support partners in conducting early warning analysis and forecasting; and provide technical assistance to partner-led initiatives. To learn more about the FEWS NET project, please visit www.fews.net. Disclaimer This publication was prepared under the United States Agency for International Development Famine Early Warning Systems Network (FEWS NET) Indefinite Quantity Contract, AID-OAA-I-12-00006. The authors’ views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect the views of the United States Agency for International Development or the United States government. Acknowledgments FEWS NET gratefully acknowledges the network of partners in Mali who contributed their time, analysis, and data to make this report possible. Recommended Citation FEWS NET. 2019. Mali Enhanced Market Analysis. Washington, DC: FEWS NET. -
Spécialdfc Agriculture Externes Durable Àfaibles Apports MELCA Bougouma Mbaye Fall Et Ousmane Traoré Diagne
I T O I N D É A F R I Q U E F R A NC E OPHON vrier pcial Revue sur l’Agriculture durable à faibles apports externes 1 La rédaction a mis le plus grand soin à s’assurer que le contenu de la présente revue est aussi exact que possible. Mais, en dernier ressort,seuls les auteurs sont responsables du contenu Agriculture durable à faibles apports externes de chaque article. N° Spécial DFC AGRIDAPE est l’édition régionale Les opinions exprimées dans cette Afrique francophone du magazine Farming revue n’engagent que leurs auteurs. Matters produit par le Réseau AgriCultures. La rédaction encourage les lecteurs ISSN N°0851-7932 à photocopier et à faire circuler ces articles. Vous voudrez bien cependant citer l’auteur et la source et nous envoyer un exemplaire de votre publication. Édité par : IED Afrique 24, Sacré Coeur III – Dakar BP : 5579 Dakar-Fann, Sénégal Chères lectrices, chers lecteurs, Téléphone : +221 33 867 10 58 - Fax : +221 33 867 10 59 E-mail : [email protected] - Site Web : www.iedafrique.org La revue AGRIDAPE vous revient avec un nouveau Coordonnateur : Birame Faye numéro spécial. Celui-ci porte un modèle, Comité éditorial : un mécanisme innovant qui a permis à des Bara Guèye, Mamadou Fall, Rokhaya Faye, Momath Talla Ndao, communautés à la base et à des collectivités Aly Bocoum, Yacouba Dème, Lancelot Soumelong Ehode, Djibril Diop, Ced Hesse, Yamadou Diallo territoriales d’accéder à des financements dans le cadre de la mise en œuvre du projet Décentralisation Ce numéro a été réalisé avec l’appui de Amadou Ndiaye (Sénégal) des Fonds Climat (DFC) à Mopti (Mali) et à Kaffrine et Abdoulaye Cissé (Mali) (Sénégal), dans le but de renforcer les capacités Administration : de résilience des populations locales face au Maïmouna Dieng Lagnane changement climatique. -
Tuareg Nationalism and Cyclical Pattern of Rebellions
Tuareg Nationalism and Cyclical Pattern of Rebellions: How the past and present explain each other Oumar Ba Working Paper No. 007 Sahel Research Group Working Paper No. 007 Tuareg Nationalism and Cyclical Pattern of Rebellions: How the past and present explain each other Oumar Ba March 2014 The Sahel Research Group, of the University of Florida’s Center for African Studies, is a collaborative effort to understand the political, social, economic, and cultural dynamics of the countries which comprise the West African Sahel. It focuses primarily on the six Francophone countries of the region—Senegal, Mauritania, Mali, Burkina Faso, Niger, and Chad—but also on in developments in neighboring countries, to the north and south, whose dy- namics frequently intersect with those of the Sahel. The Sahel Research Group brings together faculty and gradu- ate students from various disciplines at the University of Florida, in collaboration with colleagues from the region. Abstract: This article stresses the importance of history in understanding the cyclical pattern of Tuareg rebellions in Mali. I argue that history and narratives of bravery, resistance, and struggle are important in the discursive practice of Tuareg nationalism. This discourse materializes in the episodic rebellions against the Malian state. The cyclical pattern of the Tuareg rebellions is caused by institutional shortcomings such as the failure of the Malian state to follow through with the clauses that ended the previous rebellions. But, more importantly, the previous rebellions serve as historical and cultural markers for subsequent rebellions, which creates a cycle of mutually retrospective reinforcement mechanisms. About the Author: Oumar Ba is a Ph. -
The Agreement for Peace and Reconciliation in Mali (CSA)
PA-X, Peace Agreement Access Tool (Translation © University of Edinburgh) www.peaceagreements.org AGREEMENT FOR PEACE AND RECONCILIATION IN MALI RESULTING FROM THE ALGIERS PROCESS 1 PA-X, Peace Agreement Access Tool (Translation © University of Edinburgh) www.peaceagreements.org Preamble We, the Government of the Republic of Mali and the signatory movements of the road map at Algiers on July 24, 2014, hereinafter known as the Parties; Meeting at Algiers within the framework of the negotiations defined by the roadmap to reach an Agreement for a global and durable peace, in order to guarantee a definitive solution to the crisis in Northern Mali, known by some as Azawad; Expressing our deep gratitude to Algeria, as leader of the Mediation Team, as well as the Economic Community of West African States (la Communauté Economique des Etats de l’Afrique de Ouest, CEDEAO), the African Union (l’Union Africaine, UA), the United Nations, the European Union (EU), and the Organisation for Islamic Cooperation (l’Organisation pour la Coopération Islamique, OCI), Burkina Faso, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria and Chad, members of the Mediation Team; Having carried out an in-depth analysis of the situation in Mali, in general, and in particular of the nature of the crises which periodically affect the regions of Northern Mali; Determined to deal definitively with the basic causes of the present situation, and to bring about genuine national reconciliation by reappropriating history through national unity, while respecting the human diversity which characterises -
Pnr 2015 Plan Distribution De
Tableau de Compilation des interventions Semences Vivrières mise à jour du 03 juin 2015 Total semences (t) Total semences (t) No. total de la Total ménages Total Semences (t) Total ménages Total semences (t) COMMUNES population en Save The Save The CERCLE CICR CICR FAO REGIONS 2015 (SAP) FAO Children Children TOMBOUCTOU 67 032 ALAFIA 15 844 BER 23 273 1 164 23,28 BOUREM-INALY 14 239 1 168 23,36 LAFIA 9 514 854 17,08 TOMBOUCTOU SALAM 26 335 TOMBOUCTOU TOTAL 156 237 DIRE 24 954 688 20,3 ARHAM 3 459 277 5,54 BINGA 6 276 450 9 BOUREM SIDI AMAR 10 497 DANGHA 15 835 437 13 GARBAKOIRA 6 934 HAIBONGO 17 494 482 3,1 DIRE KIRCHAMBA 5 055 KONDI 3 744 SAREYAMOU 20 794 1 510 30,2 574 3,3 TIENKOUR 8 009 TINDIRMA 7 948 397 7,94 TINGUEREGUIF 3 560 DIRE TOTAL 134 559 GOUNDAM 15 444 ALZOUNOUB 5 493 BINTAGOUNGOU 10 200 680 6,8 ADARMALANE 1 172 78 0,78 DOUEKIRE 22 203 DOUKOURIA 3 393 ESSAKANE 13 937 929 9,29 GARGANDO 10 457 ISSA BERY 5 063 338 3,38 TOMBOUCTOU KANEYE 2 861 GOUNDAM M'BOUNA 4 701 313 3,13 RAZ-EL-MA 5 397 TELE 7 271 TILEMSI 9 070 TIN AICHA 3 653 244 2,44 TONKA 65 372 190 4,2 GOUNDAM TOTAL 185 687 RHAROUS 32 255 1496 18,7 GOURMA-RHAROUS TOMBOUCTOU BAMBARA MAOUDE 20 228 1 011 10,11 933 4,6 BANIKANE 11 594 GOSSI 29 529 1 476 14,76 HANZAKOMA 11 146 517 6,5 HARIBOMO 9 045 603 7,84 419 12,2 INADIATAFANE 4 365 OUINERDEN 7 486 GOURMA-RHAROUS SERERE 10 594 491 9,6 TOTAL G.