Mali Crisis: a Migration Perspective
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The Conflict's Complexity in Northern Mali Calls for Tailored Solutions
Policy Note 1, 2015 By Ole Martin Gaasholt Who needs to reconcile with whom? The Conflict’s Complexity in Northern Mali Calls for Tailored Solutions PHOTO: MARC DEVILLE/GETTY IMAGES While negotiations are taking place in Algiers, some observers insist on the need for reconciliation between Northern Mali and the rest of the country and particularly between Tuareg and other Malians. But the Tuareg are a minority in Northern Mali and most of them did not support the rebels. So who needs to be reconciled with whom? And what economic solutions will counteract conflict? This Policy Note argues that not only exclusion underlies the conflict, but also a lack of economic opportunities. The important Tuareg component in most rebellions in Mali does not mean that all Tuareg participate or even support the rebellions. ll the rebellions in Northern Mali the peoples of Northern Mali, which they The Songhay opposed Tuareg and Arab have been initiated by Tuareg, typi- called Azawad, and not just of the Tuareg. rebels in the 1990s, whereas many of them cally from the Kidal region, whe- There has thus been a sequence of joined Islamists controlling Northern Mali in reA the first geographically circumscribed rebellions in Mali in which the Tuareg 2012. Very few Songhay, or even Arabs, joined rebellion broke out a few years after inde- component has been important. In the Mouvement National pour la Libération pendence in 1960. Tuareg from elsewhere addition, there have been complex de l’Azawad (MNLA), despite the claim that in Northern Mali have participated in later connections between the various conflicts, Azawad was a multiethnic territory. -
Report of the Secretary-General on the Situation in Mali
United Nations S/2016/1137 Security Council Distr.: General 30 December 2016 Original: English Report of the Secretary-General on the situation in Mali I. Introduction 1. By its resolution 2295 (2016), the Security Council extended the mandate of the United Nations Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in Mali (MINUSMA) until 30 June 2017 and requested me to report on a quarterly basis on its implementation, focusing on progress in the implementation of the Agreement on Peace and Reconciliation in Mali and the efforts of MINUSMA to support it. II. Major political developments A. Implementation of the peace agreement 2. On 23 September, on the margins of the general debate of the seventy-first session of the General Assembly, I chaired, together with the President of Mali, Ibrahim Boubacar Keita, a ministerial meeting aimed at mitigating the tensions that had arisen among the parties to the peace agreement between July and September, giving fresh impetus to the peace process and soliciting enhanced international support. Following the opening session, the event was co-chaired by the Minister for Foreign Affairs, International Cooperation and African Integration of Mali, Abdoulaye Diop, and the Minister of State, Minister for Foreign Affairs and International Cooperation of Algeria, Ramtane Lamamra, together with the Under - Secretary-General for Peacekeeping Operations. In the Co-Chairs’ summary of the meeting, the parties were urged to fully and sincerely maintain their commitments under the agreement and encouraged to take specific steps to swiftly implement the agreement. Those efforts notwithstanding, progress in the implementation of the agreement remained slow. Amid renewed fighting between the Coordination des mouvements de l’Azawad (CMA) and the Platform coalition of armed groups, key provisions of the agreement, including the establishment of interim authorities and the launch of mixed patrols, were not put in place. -
1St Reported Case of Ebola in Mali: Strengthened Measures to Respond
Humanitarian Bulletin Mali September-October 2014 In this issue 1st case of Ebola virus disease P.1 Nutritional situation in Mali P.2 Food security survey P.3 HIGHLIGHTS Back to school 2014 - 2015 P.4 Information management trainings P.6 First confirmed case of SRP funding P.8 Ebola virus disease in Mali Clusters performance indicators P.8 Average prevalence of global acute malnutrition OCHA/D.Dembele reaches 13.3 percent National Food security 1st reported case of Ebola in Mali: survey : 24 per cent of households affected by strengthened measures to respond to the food insecurity epidemic KEY FIGURES On 23 October, the Ministry of Health and Public Hygiene confirmed the first Ebola case in Mali; a two-year old girl who had travelled with her grandmother from Guinea # IDPs 99, 816 (Kissidougou) to Kayes city (Western Mali), transiting through Bamako. She had been (Commission on hospitalized in Kayes where she died on 24 October. Population Movements, 30 Sep.) In response to this Ebola outbreak, the Government, with the support of WHO and # Refugees in 14, 541 partners (NGOs and other UN agencies), have strengthened prevention measures while Mali (UNHCR 31 the Ministry of Health and Public Hygiene and its partners immediately put under August) observation around forty people who had direct contact with the girl in Bamako and # Malian 143, 253 refugees ( UNHCR Kayes, while the tracking of other contacts continued. 30 Sep) Severely food 1,900,000 Experts from WHO regional office and headquarters, supported by the National Public insecure people Health Institute of Quebec (INSRPQ), USAID and CDC1, who were on a Ebola (Source : March 2014 Harmonized preparedness mission in Mali at the time, are supporting the response and the Framework) implementation of the National Ebola Emergency Plan. -
Climatic Information of Western Sahel F
Discussion Paper | Discussion Paper | Discussion Paper | Discussion Paper | Clim. Past Discuss., 10, 3877–3900, 2014 www.clim-past-discuss.net/10/3877/2014/ doi:10.5194/cpd-10-3877-2014 CPD © Author(s) 2014. CC Attribution 3.0 License. 10, 3877–3900, 2014 This discussion paper is/has been under review for the journal Climate of the Past (CP). Climatic information Please refer to the corresponding final paper in CP if available. of Western Sahel V. Millán and Climatic information of Western Sahel F. S. Rodrigo (1535–1793 AD) in original documentary sources Title Page Abstract Introduction V. Millán and F. S. Rodrigo Conclusions References Department of Applied Physics, University of Almería, Carretera de San Urbano, s/n, 04120, Almería, Spain Tables Figures Received: 11 September 2014 – Accepted: 12 September 2014 – Published: 26 September J I 2014 Correspondence to: F. S. Rodrigo ([email protected]) J I Published by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union. Back Close Full Screen / Esc Printer-friendly Version Interactive Discussion 3877 Discussion Paper | Discussion Paper | Discussion Paper | Discussion Paper | Abstract CPD The Sahel is the semi-arid transition zone between arid Sahara and humid tropical Africa, extending approximately 10–20◦ N from Mauritania in the West to Sudan in the 10, 3877–3900, 2014 East. The African continent, one of the most vulnerable regions to climate change, 5 is subject to frequent droughts and famine. One climate challenge research is to iso- Climatic information late those aspects of climate variability that are natural from those that are related of Western Sahel to human influences. -
Are the Fouta Djallon Highlands Still the Water Tower of West Africa?
water Article Are the Fouta Djallon Highlands Still the Water Tower of West Africa? Luc Descroix 1,2,*, Bakary Faty 3, Sylvie Paméla Manga 2,4,5, Ange Bouramanding Diedhiou 6 , Laurent A. Lambert 7 , Safietou Soumaré 2,8,9, Julien Andrieu 1,9, Andrew Ogilvie 10 , Ababacar Fall 8 , Gil Mahé 11 , Fatoumata Binta Sombily Diallo 12, Amirou Diallo 12, Kadiatou Diallo 13, Jean Albergel 14, Bachir Alkali Tanimoun 15, Ilia Amadou 15, Jean-Claude Bader 16, Aliou Barry 17, Ansoumana Bodian 18 , Yves Boulvert 19, Nadine Braquet 20, Jean-Louis Couture 21, Honoré Dacosta 22, Gwenaelle Dejacquelot 23, Mahamadou Diakité 24, Kourahoye Diallo 25, Eugenia Gallese 23, Luc Ferry 20, Lamine Konaté 26, Bernadette Nka Nnomo 27, Jean-Claude Olivry 19, Didier Orange 28 , Yaya Sakho 29, Saly Sambou 22 and Jean-Pierre Vandervaere 30 1 Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle, UMR PALOC IRD/MNHN/Sorbonne Université, 75231 Paris, France; [email protected] 2 LMI PATEO, UGB, St Louis 46024, Senegal; [email protected] (S.P.M.); [email protected] (S.S.) 3 Direction de la Gestion et de la Planification des Ressources en Eau (DGPRE), Dakar 12500, Senegal; [email protected] 4 Département de Géographie, Université Assane Seck de Ziguinchor, Ziguinchor 27000, Senegal 5 UFR des Sciences Humaines et Sociales, Université de Lorraine, 54015 Nancy, France 6 Master SPIBES/WABES Project (Centre d’Excellence sur les CC) Bingerville, Université Félix Houphouët Boigny, 582 Abidjan 22, Côte d’Ivoire; [email protected] 7 Doha Institute for Graduate Studies, -
Annuaire Statistique 2015 Du Secteur Développement Rural
MINISTERE DE L’AGRICULTURE REPUBLIQUE DU MALI ----------------- Un Peuple - Un But – Une Foi SECRETARIAT GENERAL ----------------- ----------------- CELLULE DE PLANIFICATION ET DE STATISTIQUE / SECTEUR DEVELOPPEMENT RURAL Annuaire Statistique 2015 du Secteur Développement Rural Juin 2016 1 LISTE DES TABLEAUX Tableau 1 : Répartition de la population par région selon le genre en 2015 ............................................................ 10 Tableau 2 : Population agricole par région selon le genre en 2015 ........................................................................ 10 Tableau 3 : Répartition de la Population agricole selon la situation de résidence par région en 2015 .............. 10 Tableau 4 : Répartition de la population agricole par tranche d'âge et par sexe en 2015 ................................. 11 Tableau 5 : Répartition de la population agricole par tranche d'âge et par Région en 2015 ...................................... 11 Tableau 6 : Population agricole par tranche d'âge et selon la situation de résidence en 2015 ............. 12 Tableau 7 : Pluviométrie décadaire enregistrée par station et par mois en 2015 ..................................................... 15 Tableau 8 : Pluviométrie décadaire enregistrée par station et par mois en 2015 (suite) ................................... 16 Tableau 9 : Pluviométrie enregistrée par mois 2015 ........................................................................................ 17 Tableau 10 : Pluviométrie enregistrée par station en 2015 et sa comparaison à -
Pastoralism and Security in West Africa and the Sahel
Pastoralism and Security in West Africa and the Sahel Towards Peaceful Coexistence UNOWAS STUDY 1 2 Pastoralism and Security in West Africa and the Sahel Towards Peaceful Coexistence UNOWAS STUDY August 2018 3 4 TABLE OF CONTENTS Abbreviations p.8 Chapter 3: THE REPUBLIC OF MALI p.39-48 Acknowledgements p.9 Introduction Foreword p.10 a. Pastoralism and transhumance UNOWAS Mandate p.11 Pastoral Transhumance Methodology and Unit of Analysis of the b. Challenges facing pastoralists Study p.11 A weak state with institutional constraints Executive Summary p.12 Reduced access to pasture and water Introductionp.19 c. Security challenges and the causes and Pastoralism and Transhumance p.21 drivers of conflict Rebellion, terrorism, and the Malian state Chapter 1: BURKINA FASO p.23-30 Communal violence and farmer-herder Introduction conflicts a. Pastoralism, transhumance and d. Conflict prevention and resolution migration Recommendations b. Challenges facing pastoralists Loss of pasture land and blockage of Chapter 4: THE ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF transhumance routes MAURITANIA p.49-57 Political (under-)representation and Introduction passivity a. Pastoralism and transhumance in Climate change and adaptation Mauritania Veterinary services b. Challenges facing pastoralists Education Water scarcity c. Security challenges and the causes and Shortages of pasture and animal feed in the drivers of conflict dry season Farmer-herder relations Challenges relating to cross-border Cattle rustling transhumance: The spread of terrorism to Burkina Faso Mauritania-Mali d. Conflict prevention and resolution Pastoralists and forest guards in Mali Recommendations Mauritania-Senegal c. Security challenges and the causes and Chapter 2: THE REPUBLIC OF GUINEA p.31- drivers of conflict 38 The terrorist threat Introduction Armed robbery a. -
Malgré Un Lent Retour À La Stabilité, Pas De Solutions Durables En Vue Pour Bon Nombre De PDI
11 octobre 2013 MALI Malgré un lent retour à la stabilité, pas de solutions durables en vue pour bon nombre de PDI Le Mali se remet lentement du coup d’Etat militaire de mars 2012 et de la prise du Nord du pays par des rebelles touareg et des groupes islamistes la même année. Les événements dramatiques de 2012 et du début 2013 ont plongé le pays dans une crise humanitaire, politique et sécuritaire complexe, provoquant le déplacement interne de centaines de milliers de personnes. Aujourd’hui, les Maliens et la communauté internationale envisagent l’avenir proche avec une confiance mesurée. Des milliers de maliens qui avaient trouvé refuge dans les villes du sud du pays L’amélioration significative des conditions de au cours des troubles de l’année dernière commencent à retourner dans le nord. sécurité, illustrée par la tenue pacifique des D’autres attendent encore d’être rassurés sur la situation sécuritaire avant de rentrer chez eux. (Photo: E.J. Rushing, mars 2013) élections présidentielles de juillet et août 2013, a permis à de nombreuses des 311,000 person- nes déplacées internes (PDI), vivant toujours dans des conditions extrêmes, de se projeter dans l’avenir. Des dizaines de milliers d’entre elles ont commencé à regagner leurs foyers au Nord du Mali, mais de nombreux obstacles persistent, les empêchant de trouver des solutions vraiment durables à leur déplace- ment. Des combats et attaques sporadiques se poursuivent dans le Nord, notamment à Kidal. Les com- battants ont laissé dans leur sillage des restes explosifs de guerre mettant en danger les populations civ- iles, notamment les enfants. -
COUNTRY Food Security Update
MALI Food Security Outlook Update June 2013 Marketing conditions returning to normal in the north; decreased demand in the south KEY MESSAGES Figure 1 Current food security outcomes for June 2013 Cumulative rainfall totals for the period from May 1st through June 20th were generally normal to above- normal. Crop planting was slightly delayed by localized late June rains, particularly in structurally-deficit southern Kayes and western Koulikoro. Increased trade with normal supply areas in the south and accelerated humanitarian assistance have considerably improved staple food availability in northern markets, though import flows from Algeria are still limited. Exceptions include localized pastoral areas such as Ber (Timbuktu) and Anefif (Kidal), where persistent security problems continue to delay the recovery of market activities. Northern pastoral populations are still facing IPC Phase 3: Crisis levels of food insecurity. Source: FEWS NET Persistent weak demand in southern production markets This map shows relevant current acute food insecurity outcomes for triggered unusual price decreases between May and June, emergency decision-making. It does not necessary reflect chronic food ahead of the onset of the lean season in agropastoral insecurity. zones. The same trend is reported by rice-growing farmers in the Timbuktu region given the absence of Figure 2. Most likely estimated food security outcomes usual buyers and ongoing food assistance. for July through September 2013 The food security outlook for the southern part of the country is average to good and is starting to improve in the north with the various humanitarian programs underway, gradual economic recovery, and seasonal improvement in pastoral conditions. -
PLACE and INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZA TIONS INDEX Italicised Page Numbers Refer to Extended Entries
PLACE AND INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZA TIONS INDEX Italicised page numbers refer to extended entries Aachcn, 549, 564 Aegean North Region. Aktyubinsk, 782 Alexandroupolis, 588 Aalborg, 420, 429 587 Akure,988 Algarve. 1056, 1061 Aalst,203 Aegean South Region, Akureyri, 633, 637 Algeciras, I 177 Aargau, 1218, 1221, 1224 587 Akwa Ibom, 988 Algeria, 8,49,58,63-4. Aba,988 Aetolia and Acarnania. Akyab,261 79-84.890 Abaco,178 587 Alabama, 1392, 1397, Al Ghwayriyah, 1066 Abadan,716-17 Mar, 476 1400, 1404, 1424. Algiers, 79-81, 83 Abaiang, 792 A(ghanistan, 7, 54, 69-72 1438-41 AI-Hillah,723 Abakan, 1094 Myonkarahisar, 1261 Alagoas, 237 AI-Hoceima, 923, 925 Abancay, 1035 Agadez, 983, 985 AI Ain. 1287-8 Alhucemas, 1177 Abariringa,792 Agadir,923-5 AlaJuela, 386, 388 Alicante, 1177, 1185 AbaslUman, 417 Agalega Island, 896 Alamagan, 1565 Alice Springs, 120. Abbotsford (Canada), Aga"a, 1563 AI-Amarah,723 129-31 297,300 Agartala, 656, 658. 696-7 Alamosa (Colo.). 1454 Aligarh, 641, 652, 693 Abecbe, 337, 339 Agatti,706 AI-Anbar,723 Ali-Sabieh,434 Abemama, 792 AgboviIle,390 Aland, 485, 487 Al Jadida, 924 Abengourou, 390 Aghios Nikolaos, 587 Alandur,694 AI-Jaza'ir see Algiers Abeokuta, 988 Agigea, 1075 Alania, 1079,1096 Al Jumayliyah, 1066 Aberdeen (SD.), 1539-40 Agin-Buryat, 1079. 1098 Alappuzha (Aleppy), 676 AI-Kamishli AirpoI1, Aberdeen (UK), 1294, Aginskoe, 1098 AI Arish, 451 1229 1296, 1317, 1320. Agion Oras. 588 Alasb, 1390, 1392, AI Khari]a, 451 1325, 1344 Agnibilekrou,390 1395,1397,14(K), AI-Khour, 1066 Aberdeenshire, 1294 Agra, 641, 669, 699 1404-6,1408,1432, Al Khums, 839, 841 Aberystwyth, 1343 Agri,1261 1441-4 Alkmaar, 946 Abia,988 Agrihan, 1565 al-Asnam, 81 AI-Kut,723 Abidjan, 390-4 Aguascalientes, 9(X)-1 Alava, 1176-7 AlIahabad, 641, 647, 656. -
March-September 2012
N°39 SAHEL AND WEST AFRICA Club MAR-SEPT 2012 Secretariat THE SAHEL AND WEST AFRICA CLUB SECRETARIAT’S NEWSLETTER IN THIS ISSUE DIRECTOR’S EDITORIAL SECURITY AND DEVELOPMENT nne de Lattre, Founder and for many years Director of the “Club du Sahel”, left us during the heart of the Dialogue on the Security-Development Nexus A summer. Her death provoked a wave of emotions within a large community of friends. To each she leaves a special heritage. Northern Mali at a glance To all and to West Africa, she leaves the Club – this particular Viewpoint by Malian Ambassador Touré space for dialogue and co-operation. Anne initiated the creation of the “Club du Sahel” in 1976 because she was convinced that the FOOD SECURITY international community could not hold West African leaders welcome an indifferent gaze to the terrible dramas the AGIR Initiative and droughts of 1973-74. At the dawn of globalisation, very little attention was paid The RPCA calls for urgent political action to this region. It was necessary to create a Food security leaders meet sustainable coalition to come to its aid. with G20 representatives Thirty-fi ve years after the creation of the Club, the Western Interview with ECOWAS Sahel is again at top of the international agenda. While during Commissioner Mr. Atouga the past decades it has made constant progress in the fi eld of Biofuels: West African farmers agriculture and in the fi ght against hunger, the Sahel has been meet with Brazilian counterparts hit by a wide range of serious international threats which found an ideal breeding ground in the fragile Sahel region. -
Insaniyat \/ إنسانيات, 14-15 | 2001
إﻧﺴﺎﻧﻴﺎت / Insaniyat Revue algérienne d'anthropologie et de sciences sociales 14-15 | 2001 Premières Recherches 1 Une expérience de recherche sur un terrain saharien : l'Adagh des Ifoughas Dida Badi Édition électronique URL : http://journals.openedition.org/insaniyat/9643 DOI : 10.4000/insaniyat.9643 ISSN : 2253-0738 Éditeur Centre de recherche en anthropologie sociale et culturelle Édition imprimée Date de publication : 31 décembre 2001 Pagination : 129-147 ISSN : 1111-2050 Référence électronique Dida Badi, « Une expérience de recherche sur un terrain saharien : l'Adagh des Ifoughas », Insaniyat : En ligne], 14-15 | 2001, mis en ligne le 31 janvier 2012, consulté le 20 avril 2019. URL] / إﻧﺴﺎﻧﻴﺎت http://journals.openedition.org/insaniyat/9643 ; DOI : 10.4000/insaniyat.9643 Ce document a été généré automatiquement le 20 avril 2019. © CRASC Une expérience de recherche sur un terrain saharien : l'Adagh des Ifoughas 1 Une expérience de recherche sur un terrain saharien : l'Adagh des Ifoughas Dida Badi NOTE DE L’ÉDITEUR Résumé de mémoire de Magister soutenu en l’an 2000, Département des langues et cultures amazighes, Université Mouloud Mameri, Tizi-Ouzou (sous la direction de Rachid Bellil). 1 Le texte, que nous proposons ici, est une tentative de restitution, sous forme d'un résumé succinct d'un travail de recherche, lui-même fruit de la fréquentation d'un terrain saharien, celui de l'Adagh des Ifoughas. Ce travail a été effectué dans le cadre de la préparation d'un diplôme de magister en civilisation du Maghreb, soutenu au département de langue et culture amazighes de Tizi-ouzou en 1999. 2 La région de l'Adagh a été occupée depuis longtemps.