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Computers in Railways X Computer System Design and Operation in the Railway and Other Transit Systems COMPUTERS IN RAILWAYS X COMPUTER SYSTEM DESIGN AND OPERATION IN THE RAILWAY AND OTHER TRANSIT SYSTEMS WIT Press publishes leading books in Science and Technology. Visit our website for the current list of titles. www.witpress.com WITeLibrary Home of the Transactions of the Wessex Institute. Papers presented at COMPRAIL 2006 are archived in the WIT elibrary in volume 88 of WIT Transactions on The Built Environment (ISSN 1743-3509). The WIT electronic-library provides the international scientific community with immediate and permanent access to individual papers presented at WIT conferences. http://library.witpress.com TENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTERS IN RAILWAYS COMPRAIL X CONFERENCE C HAIRMEN J. Allan Rail Safety and Standards Board, UK C. A. Brebbia Wessex Institute of Technology, UK A. F. Rumsey Parsons Transportation Group G. Sciutto Universita di Genova S. Sone University of Kogakuin C. J. Goodman The University of Birmingham INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC A DVISORY COMMITTEE T. Albrecht B. Ning W. Daamen A. Radtke J. Esteves J. Rodriguez I. A. Hansen E. Schnieder T. Koseki P. Tzieropoulos N. Moreira A. Yoshimura Sponsored by WIT Transactions on the Built Environment WIT Transactions on The Built Environment Transactions Editor Carlos Brebbia Wessex Institute of Technology Ashurst Lodge, Ashurst Southampton SO40 7AA, UK Email: [email protected] Editorial Board E Alarcon C Alessandri Universidad Politecnica de Madrid Universita di Ferrara Spain Italy S A Anagnostopoulos E Angelino University of Patras A.R.P.A. Lombardia Greece Italy H Antes D Aubry Technische Universitat Braunschweig Ecole Centrale de Paris Germany France D E Beskos J J Bommer University of Patras Imperial College London Greece UK F Butera P G Carydis Politecnico di Milano National Technical University of Athens Italy Greece J Chilton S Clement University of Nottingham Transport System Centre UK Australia M C Constantinou G Degrande State University of New York at Buffalo Katholieke Universiteit Leuven USA Belgium A De Naeyer W P De Wilde Universiteit Ghent Vrije Universiteit Brussel Belgium Belgium J Dominguez F P Escrig University of Seville University of Seville Spain Spain M N Fardis C J Gantes University of Patras National Technical University of Athens Greece Greece L Gaul Y Hayashi Universitat Stuttgart Nagoya University Germany Japan M Iguchi L Int Panis Science University of Tokyo VITO Expertisecentrum IMS Japan Belgium W Jager C M Jefferson Technical University of Dresden University of the West of England Germany UK D L Karabalis E Kausel University of Patras Massachusetts Institute of Technology Greece USA W Jager A N Kounadis Technical University of Dresden National Technical University of Athens Germany Greece W B Kratzig A A Liolios Ruhr Universitat Bochum Democritus University of Thrace Germany Greece J W S Longhurst J E Luco University of the West of England, University of California at San Diego UK USA L Lundqvist M Majowiecki Unit for Transport and Location Analysis University of Bologna Sweden Italy G D Manolis G Mattrisch Aristotle University of Thessaloniki DaimlerChrysler AG Greece Germany F M Mazzolani K Miura University of Naples “Federico II” Kajima Corporation Italy Japan G Oliveto E Oñate Universitá di Catania Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya Italy Spain A S Papageorgiou G G Penelis Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Aristotle University of Thessaloniki USA Greece A M Reinhorn F Robuste State University of New York at Buffalo Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya USA Spain C W Roeder J M Roesset University of Washington Texas A & M University USA USA M Saiidi F J Sanchez-Sesma University of Nevada-Reno Instituto Mexicano del Petroleo USA Mexico S A Savidis J J Sendra Technische Universitat Berlin University of Seville Germany Spain Q Shen A C Singhal Massachusetts Institute of Technology Arizona State University USA USA P D Spanos C C Spyrakos Rice University National Technical University of Athens USA Greece H Takemiya I Takewaki Okayama University Kyoto University Japan Japan E Taniguchi J L Tassoulas Kyoto University University of Texas at Austin Japan USA M A P Taylor R Tremblay University of South Australia Ecole Polytechnique Australia Canada R van der Heijden R van Duin Radboud University Delft University of Technology Netherlands Netherlands A Yeh M Zador The University of Hong Kong Technical University of Budapest China Hungary R Zarnic University of Ljubljana Slovenia COMPUTERS IN RAILWAYS X COMPUTER SYSTEM DESIGN AND OPERATION IN THE RAILWAY AND OTHER TRANSIT SYSTEMS Editors J. Allan Rail Safety and Standards Board, UK C. A. Brebbia Wessex Institute of Technology, UK A. F. Rumsey Parsons Transportation Group G. Sciutto Universita di Genova S. Sone University of Kogakuin C. J. Goodman The University of Birmingham J. Allan G. Sciutto Rail Safety and Standards Board, UK Universita di Genova C. A. Brebbia S. Sone Wessex Institute of Technology, UK University of Kogakuin A. F. Rumsey C. J. Goodman Parsons Transportation Group The University of Birmingham Published by WIT Press Ashurst Lodge, Ashurst, Southampton, SO40 7AA, UK Tel: 44 (0) 238 029 3223; Fax: 44 (0) 238 029 2853 E-Mail: [email protected] http://www.witpress.com For USA, Canada and Mexico Computational Mechanics Inc 25 Bridge Street, Billerica, MA 01821, USA Tel: 978 667 5841; Fax: 978 667 7582 E-Mail: [email protected] http://www.witpress.com British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A Catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library ISBN: 1-84564-177-9 ISSN: 1746-4498 The texts of the papers in this volume were set individually by the authors or under their supervision. Only minor corrections to the text may have been carried out by the publisher. No responsibility is assumed by the Publisher, the Editors and Authors for any injury and/ or damage to persons or property as a matter of products liability, negligence or otherwise, or from any use or operation of any methods, products, instructions or ideas contained in the material herein. © WIT Press 2006. Printed in Great Britain by Cambridge Printing. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the Publisher. Preface COMPRAIL 2006, the tenth in a series of well-established and successful international conferences on Computer System Design and Operation in the Railway and Other Transit Systems, was held in Prague, Czech Republic, in 2006. Since 1987, COMPRAIL has provided a world forum for planners, designers, manufacturers and operators to discuss how they can benefit from computer-based techniques. This book contains most of the papers presented at COMPRAIL 2006, representing the latest research, from development and application of computers to the management, design, manufacture and operations of railways and other passenger, freight and transit systems. The Conference attracted a large number of papers, divided into the following sections: Planning; Safety; Passenger interface systems; Decision support systems; Computer techniques; Converting metros to driverless operation; Advanced train control; Train location; Dynamic train regulation; Timetable planning; Operations quality; Communications; Energy management; Power supply; Dynamics and wheel/ rail interface; Freight; Condition monitoring. This book is distributed throughout the world by WIT Press, the publishing arm of the Wessex Institute of Technology. In addition, together with all other COMPRAIL Conferences held from 1994 onwards, the papers are displayed in the electronic library of the Transactions of the Wessex Institute, where they are permanently available to the international scientific community. The Editors are grateful to all the authors for the excellent papers and to those members of the International Scientific Advisory Committee who participated in the review process. The success of the conference and this book is the result of their significant contribution of time and energy. The Editors Prague, 2006 Contents Section 1: Planning Choices between stairs, escalators and ramps in stations W. Daamen, P. H. L. Bovy & S. P. Hoogendoorn.................................................3 How is the business case used by stakeholders for making project decisions with PFI/PPP projects? M. J. Gannon.......................................................................................................13 A bilevel model for optimizing station locations along a rail transit line S. Samanta & M. K. Jha......................................................................................23 Design and implementation of virtual environments for planning and building sustainable railway transit systems M. Chandramouli, B. Huang, T.-Y. Chou, L. K. Chung & Q. Wu ......................33 The network effects of railway investments S. Hansen, A. Landex & A. H. Kaas....................................................................45 Modelling and simulation of the traffic management in a migration phase: example of “Ligne 1” of the Parisian subway M. Ghantous-Mouawad, W. Schön, J.-L. Boulanger & G. Churchill.................55 Computer based ex-ante evaluation of the planned railway line between Copenhagen and Ringsted by use of a Decision Support System named COSIMA-DSS K. B. Salling & A. Landex...................................................................................65 Assessing rail transport network
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