AN ANALYSIS OF FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE ON CINDERELLA, RUMPELSTILTSKIN, THE FISHERMAN AND HIS WIFE AND THE SLEEPING BEAUTY THE WOODS BY CHARLES PERRAULT AND THE BROTHERS GRIMM

Poppy Afrina Ni Luh Putu Setiarini, Anita Gunadarma University Gunadarma University Gunadarma University jl. Margonda Raya 100 jl. Margonda Raya 100 jl. Margonda Raya 100 Depok, 16424 Depok, 16424 Depok, 16424

ABSTRACT Figurative language exists to depict a beauty of words and give a vivid description of implicit messages. It is used in many literary works since a long time ago, including in children literature. The aims of the research are to describe about kinds of figurative language often used in Cinderella, Rumpeltstiltskin, The Fisherman and His Wife and The Sleeping Beauty in the Woods By Charles Perrault and the Brothers Grimm and also give a description the conceptual meaning of figurative language used in Cinderella, Rumpeltstiltskin, The Fisherman and His Wife and The Sleeping Beauty in the Woods By Charles Perrault and the Brothers Grimm. The writer uses a descriptive qualitative method in this research. Keywords: Analysis, Figurative Language, Children.

forms of communication, however some 1. INTRODUCTION children’s literature, explicitly story 1.1 Background of the Research employed to add more sensuous to Human beings tend to communicate each children. other through language. Likewise they Referring to the explanation use language as well as nonverbal above, the writer was interested to communication, to express their analyze figurative language used on thoughts, needs, culture, etc. Charles Perrault and The Brothers Furthermore, language plays major role Grimm’s short stories, therefore the to transfer even influence in a writer chooses this research entitled humankind matter. However, language more ‘An Analysis of Figurative Language on than merely for communicating and Cinderella, Rumpelstiltskin, The influencing, there is something hidden Fisherman and His Wife and The Sleeping to see a language as a function Beauty in the Woods’. This research perspective. tries to give more information about As we know, language consists of kinds of figurative language that is each words, sentences, structures, employed in fable stories and the phrases, and style. One of English conceptual meaning of each figurative language style is figurative language. language employed. Figurative language exists to define a beauty of word and give a vivid description of implicit messages. Figurative language is used in many

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1.2 Previous Research 2.2 Definition of Figurative

1.2.1 Bustanil Arifin (2008) Language Based on Perrine (1982) through her Bustanil wrote the research entitled explanation about the effectiveness of “The Usage of Figures of Speech in The figurative language in four main Titles of Tempo Articles.” reasons,

1. Figurative language affords readers

imaginative pleasure of literary works. 1.2.2 Fitri Iryanti (2010) 2. It is a way of bringing additional Fitri wrote the research entitled “A imagery into verse, making the Figurative Language Analysis on Sylvia abstract concrete, making literary Plath Poems” works more sensuous. 3. Figurative is a way of adding 1.2.3 Emilija A. Sakadolskis emotional intensity to otherwise (2003) merely informative statements and conveying attitudes along with Emilija wrote the dissertation entitled information. “The Use of Figurative Language in The 4. And the last, it is a way of saying Construstion Musical meaning: A Case much in brief compass. Study of Three Sixth Grade General Music Some books named denotation and Classes.” connotation meaning, the others said 1.3 Position of Research literal and nonliteral meaning. The According to the previous research basic distinction seems a common –sense above, the position of this research one: distinguishing between instances develops the research. From Bustanil’s where the speaker speaks in a neutral, research the position of this research factually accurate way, and instances is close to the position of his where the speaker deliberately describes research. However, Bustanil employed something in untrue or impossible terms Tempo magazine title as a source of the in order to achieve special effects. Non data, this research employed children’s literal uses of language are fable as a source of the data in order traditionally called figurative and are to figure out about figurative language. described by a host of rhetorical terms. This research only conducted about kinds of figurative language employed in 3. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY Charless Perrault and The Brothers 3.1 Research Method Grimm, try to figure out the conceptual In this research, descriptive meaning in each figurative language qualitative method were applied. Since included. the research do not employ a statistical procedure, the result are in words not 2. LITERATURE REVIEW in numerical. By description, the data 2.1 Definition of Children will be interpreted with words and Literature explanation Katherine Paterson pointed out in her 3.2 Source of the Data articles that a book becomes a The source of data in this research are children’s book when succeeding taken from Charles Perrault and The generations of young readers claim it Brothers Grimm containing about twenty for themselves (1982: 325), which is two short stories. The writer only used true that the content of children four children’s short stories. The literature must be limited to children’s sources of the data are as follows: experience and knowledge. In line with 1. Cinderella by Charles Perrault and Katherin (1982), Burhan believes that The Brothers Grimm children literature is a literary works 2. Rumpelstiltskin by Charles Perrault having psychological emotionally can be and The Brothers Grimm understood and responded based on the 3. The Fisherman and His Wife by Charles true fact and can be imagined easily. Perrault and The Brothers Grimm (2005:6).

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The Sleeping Beauty in the Woods by an analogy Charles Perrault and The Brothers Grimm. because metaphor 3.3 Technique of Collecting Data asserts two 1. Reading the English children short things is the story from Charles Perrault and The same, whereas Brothers Grimm. analogy 2. Giving a limitation of the data implies a 3. Underlining the sentences that difference, contain each figurative language other 4. Classifying the data according to the rhetorical theory comparative 5. Dividing them from one kind of figure of figurative language to another. speech. 6. Analyzing the data based on the theory 7. Finding out the conceptual meaning of 4.1.3 Personification each figurative language. No. Personification Short Reason Story 3.4 Source of the Data 1. Among the trees Rumpel Bid is After collecting the data, the writer of the forest tstilt usually analyzes the data by doing: where the fox skin use for 1. Classifying the data and the hare human 2. Analyzing the data bid each other being and good night the fox 4. RESULT AND DISCUSSION and the 4.1 Kinds of Figurative Language hare cannot do 4.1.1 Simile that No. Simile Short Description because Story personifi 1. And Cinderella It compares cation is fitted “It” (a the her as slipper) as assigning if it made of wax of human had because in character been the theory of istics to made of simile which nonhumans wax a more or less fanciful or 4.1.4 Hyperbole unrealistic No. Hyperbole Short Reason comparison is Story made, using 1. She went Cinderella The speaker like or as. and sat exaggerated down that she is beside her very polite 4.1.2 Metaphor sisters, but the No. Metaphor Short Reason showing statement is Story them a over because 1. The young The On fire is thousand hyperbole is Prince on Sleeping the analogy civilities a figure of hearing Beauty of angry speech in this was in the because which all on Woods metaphor is exaggeration fire more forceful is used for (active) than emphasis or

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effect; an is just the extravagant simple statement or repetition over of word, statement. within a sentence or a poetical 4.1.5 Onomatopheia line, with NO Onomatopheia Short Reason no Story particular placement 1. Then he made Rumpelstil The sound of the the best of tskin of crowed words. his way off, indicates while the chicken and nurse it refers 4.1.7 Euphemism laughed and to the baby No. Euphemism Reason the baby who cry Short crowed loudly like Story the crowed 1. Once upon Cinderella The sentence of the a time ‘the chicken there was proudest and because a most onomatopoei gentleman haughty’ is a is as a who euphemism of word, which married, bad attitude imitates for his because the natural second euphemism is sounds of a wife, the It is the thing. It proudest use of a creates a and most mild, sound haughty comforting, effect that woman or evasive mimics the that ever expression thing was seen that takes described, the place of making the one that is description taboo, more negative, expressive offensive, and or too interesting directs.

4.1.6 Repetition 4.1.8 Antonomasia No. Repetition Short Reason No. Antonomasia Short Reason Story Story 1. “I wish I Cinderella The word ‘I could—I wish I 1. When she had Cinderella Cinderwench wish I could’ has done her indicate to the could—” been work, she Cinderella but she repeated used to go because she could not and it into the sat down finish for gives a sobbing dramatic chimney among the effect corner, and sit cinders and it because down among refers to the repetition the cinders, theory of

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hence she was antonomasia Arifin, B. (2008), The Usage of Figures called is a figure of of Speech in The Titles of Tempo Articles. Jakarta: Published Cinderwench speech in Skripsi. which an epithet, or the Cruse, D.A. (2000), Meaning in language, name of an An Introduction to Semantics and office or Pragmatics. New York: Oxford dignity is University Press. substituted for a proper Cuddon, J.A. (1986), A Dictionary of name Literary Terms. London: Penguin Book.

5. CONCLUSION AND FUTURE RESEARCH Huck, C.s., Hepler, S., and Hickman, J. 5.1 Conclusion (1989), Children’s Literature in Referring to the aim and the result of the Elementary School. New York: the research, the writer draws the Harcourt Brace Jovanovich. conclusion as follows; 1. There are nine kinds of figurative Iryanti, F. (2010), A Figurative language used on Charles Perrault and Language Analysis on Sylvia Plath The Brothers Grimm Fables. The sum of Poems. Jakarta: State Islamic the data is about twenty eight University “Syarif Hidayatullah”. consisted of

2. In order to make the reader consistently understand about each Kennedy, X.J and Goian, D. (2005), An figurative language that hide in each Introduction to Poetry. New York: stories, the writer tries to describe Longman. the meaning based on the context and Kenney, W. (1996), How to Analyze dictionaries. Fiction. New York : Monarch Press.

5.2 Future Research The writer suggests to the next Keraf, G. (1984), Diksi dan Gaya Bahasa. researcher to research other kinds of Jakarta: PT. Gramedia. figurative language or figurative language expression. If the next Lakoff, G. and Johnson, M. (1980), researcher wants to make a research Metaphors We Live By. USA: about English Children Short Story, it University of Chicago Press. will be better to make an analysis from other side like translation aspect, or moral value aspect. For the next Larson, M.L. (1998), Meaning-based generations who want intrigued the Translation. Lanham: University children to read, the figures of speech Press of America Inc. can be solution to make fun of the stories. Leech, G. (1974), TRANSLATIONAL SEMANTICS: a discussion of the 6. REFERENCES second edition. New York.

Alip, Fr.B. (2000), Language as a Vehicle of Meaning in a collection McArthur, T. (1992), The Oxford of In Search of Meaning. Companion to the English Language. Yogjakarta: Sanata Dharma New York: Oxford University Press. University Press.

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Sound and Sense: An Introduction to Poetry. Eight Edition. London: Souther Methodist University.

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