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Gram-Positive Anaerobic Cocci: Clinical Relevance, Changed Taxonomy, Identification and Antibiotic Resistance

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Gram-Positive Anaerobic Cocci: Clinical Relevance, Changed Taxonomy, Identification and Antibiotic Resistance Gram-positive anaerobic cocci: clinical relevance, changed taxonomy, identification and antibiotic resistance © by author ESCMID Online Lecture Library Linda Veloo Contents Introduction Gram-positive anaerobic cocci Peptostreptococcus sp. (formerly) New species and taxonomy Identification © by author Antibiotic resistance ESCMID Online Lecture Library Virulence F. magna GPAC in general Clinical relevance: ± 30% of all anaerobes recovered from human clinical specimens Most GPAC: - mixed infections - susceptible for antibiotics usually used to treat anaerobic infections © by author Metronidazole-resistance: ESCMID- strict anaerobic Online cocci are Lecturegenerally sensitive Library - micro-aerophilic cocci are generally resistent Introduction Gram-positive anaerobic cocci (GPAC): Peptococcus P.niger Seldomly isolated from clinical material Ruminococcus Faecel microbiota Seldomly ©isolated by fromauthor clinical material Insufficient culture methods? ESCMIDCoprococcus Online Lecture Library Isolated from faecal samples Gram positive anaerobic cocci, D.A. Murdoch Clinical Microbiology reviews, 1998 Peptostreptococcus The genus Peptostreptococcus contained 13 species. Clinically most relevant (literature): P. anaerobius P. asaccharolyticus P. magnus P. micros © by author ESCMID Online Lecture Library New species, changed taxonomy (in chronological order) In 1997 3 new species were added to the genus Peptostreptococcus P. harei P. ivorii P. octavius Clinical relevance unknown© by author ESCMID Online Lecture Library Description of Three New Species of the Genus Peptostreptococcus from Human Clinical Specimens: P. harei sp. nov., P. ivorii sp. nov., and P. octavius sp. nov., D. A. Murdoch et al., Int. J. Syst. Bact. 1997 New taxonomy Reclassification of Peptostreptococcus magnus (Prevot 1933) Holdeman and Moore 1972 as Finegoldia magna comb. nov. and Peptostreptococcus micros (Prevot 1933) Smith 1957 as Micromonas micros comb. nov. Murdoch et al., Anaerobe,5, 1999 Proposal of the genera© Anaerococcus by author gen. nov., Peptoniphilus gen. nov. and Gallicola gen. nov. for members of the genus Peptostreptococcus EzakiESCMID et al., Int J syst Online Evol Microbiol, Lecture 51, 2001 Library Anaerococcus spp. Anaerobic cocci: anaerobic cocci Finegoldia magna MicromonasParvimonas micramicros Gallicola barnesea Helcococcus kunzii Peptoniphilus spp. © by author ESCMID Online Lecture Library P. anaerobius A rollercoaster of new species (1) Species name year origin Peptostreptococcus stomatis 2006 Human oral cavity Peptoniphilus allenii 2006 Human clinical specimen Anaerococcus murdochii 2007 Human clinical specimen Peptoniphilus gorbachii 2007 Human clinical specimen Peptoniphilus olsenii 2007 Human clinical specimen Murdochiella asaccharolytica 2010 Human clinical specimen Peptostreptococcus russellii 2011 Swine manure Peptoniphilus methioninivorax© by 2011 author Retail ground beef Peptoniphilus koenoeniae 2011 Human clinical specimen ESCMIDPeptoniphilus duerdenii Online 2011 Lecture Human clinical Library specimen A rollercoaster of new species (2) Species name year origin Peptostreptococcus canis 2012 Oral dog Anaerococcus obesiensis 2012 Human faeces Anaerococcus senegalensis 2012 Human faeces Peptoniphilus coxii 2012 Human clinical specimen Peptoniphilus tyrelliae (senegalensis) 2012 Human clinical specimen Peptoniphilus grossensis 2012 Human faeces Peptoniphilus timonensis© by2012 author Human faeces Anaerococcus pacaensis 2013 Human clinical specimen ESCMIDPeptoniphilus obesi Online 2013Lecture Human faeces Library A rollercoaster of new species (3) Species name year origin Peptoniphilus rhinitidis 2014 Human clinical specimen Peptoniphilus mikwangii 2014 Human clinical specimen Anaerococcus degenerii 2015 Human clinical specimen Anaerococcus nagyae 2016 Human clinical specimen Anaerococcus urinomassiliensis 2016 Human clinical specimen Anaerococcus rubiinfantis 2016 Human faeces Peptoniphilus catoniae © by 2016author Human faeces Peptostreptococcus 4 species ESCMID Online LectureAnaerococcus Library 14 species Peptoniphilus 19 species Phenotypic identification Enzymatic tests derived from the API 32A (BioMerieux) Table Wadsworth manual Reliable identification: - F. magna - P. micra P. harei – P. asaccharolyticus similar biochemical features The addition of new species made© available by schemes author for the identification of GPAC less useful ESCMID Online Lecture Library Identification of GPAC by MALDI-TOF MS Bruker system • 54% of GPAC encountered in human clinical specimens is identified by MALDI- TOF MS (estimated) • On target extraction with 70% formic acid is recommended • A. vaginalis is misidentifed as A. hydrogenalis • P. harei is correctly identified © by author • New species are not represented in de MALDI-TOF MS database ESCMID Online Lecture Library The optimization and validation of the Biotyper MALDI-TOF MS database for the identification of gram positive anaerobic cocci A.C.M Veloo1, E.D. de Vries 1, H. Jean-Pierre3,4, U.S. Justesen5, T. Morris6, E. Urban7, I. Wybo8, A.J. van Winkelhoff 1,2, on behalf of the ENRIA workgroup Clin Microbiol Infect 2016; doi: 10.1016/j.cmi.2016.06.016 Added to database: Main Spectral Profiles of 108 clinical GPAC isolates, representing 17 different species Validation database: © by author 140 clinical GPAC isolates ESCMID Online Lecture Library Dendrogram of MSPs created of strains belonging to the genera Peptoniphilus and PeptostreptococcusMSP Dendrogram Peptoniphilus lacrimalis ENR0509 Peptoniphilus lacrimalis ENR0094 PeptoniphilusPeptoniphilus lacrimalis lacrimalis ENR0095 Peptoniphilus lacrimalis ENR0093 Peptoniphilus lacrimalis 0061 Peptoniphilus koenoeniae ENR0624 PeptoniphilusPeptoniphilus koenoeneniae koenoeniae CCUG 56067T Peptoniphilus duerdenii ENR0656 Peptoniphilus duerdenii ENR0664 2016 Peptoniphilus duerdenii ENR0650 2016 PeptoniphilusPeptoniphilus duerdenii duerdenii ENR0448 Peptoniphilus duerdenii ENR0415 Peptoniphilus duerdenii CCUG 56055T Peptoniphilus olsenii ENR0511 2016 Peptoniphilus olsenii ENR0510 2016 PeptoniphilusPeptoniphilus olsenii olseniiENR0449 2016 Peptoniphilus olsenii CCUG 53342T PeptoniphilusPeptoniphilus timonensis timonensis ENR0668 Peptoniphilus sp. ENR0666 PeptoniphilusPeptoniphilus sp. ENR0670 rhinitidis Peptoniphilus sp. ENR0665 Peptoniphilus harei ENR0002 2016 Peptoniphilus harei DSM 10021 DSM Peptoniphilus harei DSM 10020T DSM Peptostreptococcus harei ENR0001 Peptoniphilus indolicus ENR0402 PeptoniphilusPeptoniphilus harei ENR0424 harei Peptoniphilus harei ENR0423 Peptoniphilus harei ENR0003 Peptoniphilus harei ENR0564 Peptoniphilus harei 08_570 IBS Peptoniphilus harei 06_622 IBS PeptoniphilusPeptoniphilus tyrelliae tyrelliae CCUG 59621T Peptoniphilus gorbachii VA22133_12 ERL Peptoniphilus gorbachii ENR0602C Peptoniphilus gorbachii ENR0089 PeptoniphilusPeptoniphilus gorbachii gorbachii ENR0090 Peptoniphilus gorbachii ENR0091 2016 Peptoniphilus gorbachii ENR0088 Peptoniphilus grossensis ENR0663 Peptoniphilus grossensis ENR0662 2016 Peptoniphilus grossensis ENR0451 PeptoniphilusPeptoniphilus grossensis grossensis ENR0450 Peptoniphilus grossensis ENR0616 GPAC018B ENR0092 Peptoniphilus coxii ENR0102 Peptoniphilus coxii ENR0101 Peptoniphilus ivorii ENR0287 © by author PeptoniphilusPeptoniphilus coxii ENR0358 coxii Peptoniphilus coxii ENR0297 Peptoniphilus coxii 0118 Peptoniphilus coxii ENR0620 Peptoniphilus coxii 0113 Peptoniphilus ivorii ENR0177 Peptoniphilus ivorii ENR0486 PeptoniphilusPeptoniphilus ivorii ENR0296 ivorii Peptoniphilus ivorii DSM 10022T DSM Peptoniphilus indolicus DSM 20464T DSM PeptoniphilusPeptoniphilus indolicus indolicus 455 RLT Peptoniphilus asaccharolyticus DSM 20463T DSM PeptostreptococcusPeptoniphilus anaerobiusasaccharolyticus DSM 2949T DSM ESCMID Online Lecture LibraryPeptostreptococcus anaerobius ENR0006 Peptostreptococcus anaerobius ENR0005 Peptostreptococcus anaerobius ENR0004 PeptostreptococcusPeptostreptococcus anaerobius anaerobius HU33518_2 PNU Peptostreptococcus anaerobius HU28371_2 PNU Peptostreptococcus anaerobius DSM 20357 DSM Peptostreptococcus canis ENR0657 PeptostreptococcusPeptostreptococcus canis ENR0655 canis Peptostreptococcus stomatis ENR0097 Peptostreptococcus stomatis ENR0038 Peptostreptococcus stomatis 0112 PeptostreptococcusPeptostreptococcus stomatis stomatis ENR0526 Peptostreptococcus stomatis ENR0525 1000 900 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 Distance Level Dendrogram of MPSs created of strains belonging to the genera Anaerococcus, Murdochiella, Peptococcus, Finegoldia and Parvimonas MSP Dendrogram Murdochiella asaccharolytica 0066 MurdochiellaMurdochiella asaccharolytica asaccharolytica 0064 Murdochia asaccharolytica ENR0024 Anaerococcus tetradius ENR0441 Anaerococcus tetradius ENR0016 Anaerococcus tetradius ENR0326 AnaerococcusAnaerococcus tetradius tetradius DSM 2951T DSM Anaerococcus tetradius ENR0017n Anaerococcus tetradius 123 RLT Anaerococcus lactolyticus ENR0475 AnaerococcusAnaerococcus lactolyticus lactolyticus ENR0480 Anaerococcus lactolyticus ENR0440 Anaerococcus lactolyticus ENR0010x Anaerococcus lactolyticus DSM 7456T DSM Anaerococcus murdochii ENR0012 Anaerococcus murdochii ENR0011 Anaerococcus murdochii DSM 21462T DSM Anaerococcus murdochii ENR0134n AnaerococcusAnaerococcus murdochii murdochii ENR0025 Anaerococcus murdochii ENR0014x Anaerococcus murdochii ENR0622 Anaerococcus murdochii ENR0015 Anaerococcus murdochii ENR0013 nieuw AnaerococcusAnaerococcus gpac104 degenerii ENR0041 Anaerococcus degenerii ENR0615 Finegoldia magna DSM 20472 DSM Finegoldia magna 110706_D1 LUMC
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