Language Documentation in the Aftermath of the 2015 Nepal Earthquakes: a Guide to Two Archives and a Web Exhibit
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7=SINO-INDIAN Phylosector
7= SINO-INDIAN phylosector Observatoire Linguistique Linguasphere Observatory page 525 7=SINO-INDIAN phylosector édition princeps foundation edition DU RÉPERTOIRE DE LA LINGUASPHÈRE 1999-2000 THE LINGUASPHERE REGISTER 1999-2000 publiée en ligne et mise à jour dès novembre 2012 published online & updated from November 2012 This phylosector comprises 22 sets of languages spoken by communities in eastern Asia, from the Himalayas to Manchuria (Heilongjiang), constituting the Sino-Tibetan (or Sino-Indian) continental affinity. See note on nomenclature below. 70= TIBETIC phylozone 71= HIMALAYIC phylozone 72= GARIC phylozone 73= KUKIC phylozone 74= MIRIC phylozone 75= KACHINIC phylozone 76= RUNGIC phylozone 77= IRRAWADDIC phylozone 78= KARENIC phylozone 79= SINITIC phylozone This continental affinity is composed of two major parts: the disparate Tibeto-Burman affinity (zones 70= to 77=), spoken by relatively small communities (with the exception of 77=) in the Himalayas and adjacent regions; and the closely related Chinese languages of the Sinitic set and net (zone 79=), spoken in eastern Asia. The Karen languages of zone 78=, formerly considered part of the Tibeto-Burman grouping, are probably best regarded as a third component of Sino-Tibetan affinity. Zone 79=Sinitic includes the outer-language with the largest number of primary voices in the world, representing the most populous network of contiguous speech-communities at the end of the 20th century ("Mainstream Chinese" or so- called 'Mandarin', standardised under the name of Putonghua). This phylosector is named 7=Sino-Indian (rather than Sino-Tibetan) to maintain the broad geographic nomenclature of all ten sectors of the linguasphere, composed of the names of continental or sub-continental entities. -
A Guide to the Syuba (Kagate) Language Documentation Corpus
Vol. 12 (2018), pp. 204–234 http://nflrc.hawaii.edu/ldc http://hdl.handle.net/10125/24768 Revised Version Received: 17 Jan 2018 A Guide to the Syuba (Kagate) Language Documentation Corpus Lauren Gawne SOAS University of London La Trobe University This article provides an overview of the collection “Kagate (Syuba)”, archived with both the Pacific and Regional Archive for Digital Sources in Endangered Cultures (PARADISEC) and the Endangered Language Archive (ELAR). It pro- vides an overview of the materials that have been archived, as well as details of the workflow, conventions used, and structure of the collection. It also provides context for the content of the collection, including an overview of the language context, and some of the motivations behind the documentation project. This article thus provides an entry point to the collection. The future plans for the collection – from the perspectives of both the researcher and Syuba speakers – are also outlined, but with the overwhelming majority of items in the collection available to others, it is hoped that this article will encourage use of the materials by other researchers. 1. Introduction Language documentation involves the development of corpora of materials from which descriptions of grammar and language use can be developed, alongside other uses of the materials by both speakers of the language and researchers. Himmelmann (1998) argues that language documentation and description are two distinct, but interrelated, activities. In reality, the majority of basic linguistic descrip- tion based on primary data is undertaken by the same person who collected the data. Very little of this descriptive work makes clear the nature of the data on which it is built; in a survey of 50 published grammars and 50 PhD dissertations, Gawne et al. -
ICLDC Handout
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by ScholarSpace at University of Hawai'i at Manoa 3rd ICLDC March 2nd, 2013 The impact of dialectal variation on documentation and conservation work: The view from Amdo Tibetan Zoe Tribur University of Oregon Summary For researchers interested in exploring questions of typology and linguistic universals, documentation of dialects provides priceless data, but such problems as what features constitute a dialect and who speaks it complicate the task of identifying and collecting data, especially for dialects that are low prestige or are only spoken by diglossic speakers. The field researcher must be alert to the possible existence of such forms and be aware of the issues associated with them. For the conservationist, the linguist’s instinct is to argue that dialects should be preserved as part of the community’s heritage, as well as having value in their own right, but individuals struggling to reverse language shift may feel that the reduction of diversity is a necessary step toward ensuring the survival of the language for future generations. However, the selection of a “standard” form can be problematic, sometimes resulting in conflict within the community or, more seriously, causing some speakers to be excluded from conservation efforts altogether. It behooves the field linguist to be aware of community attitudes toward diversity and to try to understand how diversity impacts language use within the community. Two varieties of Amdo Tibetan: Gro.Tshang and mGo.Log Spoken by an estimated 1.5 million people, Amdo Tibetan does not fit the profile of a typical endangered language. -
Sociolinguistic Survey of Kagate
Sociolinguistic Survey of Kagate Language Vitality and Community Desires Jessica R. Mitchell Stephanie R. Eichentopf Linguistic Survey of Nepal (LinSuN) Central Department of Linguistics Tribhuvan University, Nepal and SIL International 2013 Contents 1 PURPOSE AND GOALS ............................................................................................. 1 2 INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................... 1 2.1 GEOGRAPHY .......................................................................................................................... 1 2.2 LANGUAGE AND IDENTITY ....................................................................................................... 3 2.3 HISTORY ............................................................................................................................... 3 3 METHODOLOGY ..................................................................................................... 4 3.1 SITE SELECTION ..................................................................................................................... 4 3.2 SUBJECT SELECTION ............................................................................................................... 4 3.3 RESEARCH METHODS .............................................................................................................. 5 3.3.1 Informal interview (II) ................................................................................................. 6 3.3.2 -
Sociolinguistic Survey of Kagate Language Vitality and Community Desires
DigitalResources Electronic Survey Report 2016-004 Sociolinguistic Survey of Kagate Language Vitality and Community Desires Jessica R. Mitchell and Stephanie R. Eichentopf Sociolinguistic Survey of Kagate Language Vitality and Community Desires Jessica R. Mitchell and Stephanie R. Eichentopf SIL International® 2016 SIL Electronic Survey Reports 2016-004, June 2016 © 2016 SIL International® All rights reserved Abstract This report presents the results of a sociolinguistic survey conducted among representatives of the Kagate [syw] language community of Ramechhap District in Nepal. The goals of the survey were to evaluate language vitality and clarify the community’s desires for language-based development. This report recommends the Kagate language community be designated as EGIDS level 6a: Vigorous, and describes the community’s desire for products in their mother tongue. Contents Preface 1 Introduction 1.1 Purpose and goals 1.2 Geography 1.3 Language and identity 1.4 History 2 Methodology 2.1 Site selection 2.2 Subject selection 2.3 Research methods 2.3.1 Informal interview 2.3.2 Bilingualism participatory methods tool 2.3.3 Appreciative Inquiry participatory methods tool 3 Language use and vitality 3.1 Contact 3.2 Domains of language use 3.2.1 Language use in the home 3.2.2 Language use in the village 3.3 Intergenerational transfer 3.4 Code switching/mixing 3.5 Population and group dynamics 3.6 Social outlook 3.7 Access to stable and acceptable economic base 3.8 Language and education 3.9 Summary of ethnolinguistic vitality 4 Desires for -
My Name Is Maya Lama/Hyolmo/Syuba’: Negotiating Identity in Hyolmo Diaspora Communities Lauren Gawne Nanyang Technological University
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by SOAS Research Online ‘My name is Maya Lama/Hyolmo/Syuba’: Negotiating identity in Hyolmo diaspora communities Lauren Gawne Nanyang Technological University Pre-publication version Abstract Hyolmo communities have resided in the Lamjung and Ramechhap districts oF Nepal For at least a century, and are part oF a historical trend oF group migration away From the Hyolmo homelands. These communities have taken diFFerent approaches to constructing their identities as belonging to the Hyolmo diaspora; in Lamjung, people readily identiFy as Hyolmo, while in Ramechhap people accept their Hyolmo history, but have also developed an identity as Kagate (and now Syuba). In this paper I trace these groups’ migration histories. I then look at the variety oF names used in reFerence to these communities, which helps us to understand their historical and contemporary relationships with Hyolmo. Finally, I examine contemporary cultural and linguistic practices in Ramechhap and Lamjung, to see how communities perForm their identity as Kagate or Hyolmo, and as modern Buddhists oF Tibetan origin in Nepal. 1. Introduction The majority oF Hyolmo speakers reside in the Nuwakot, Sindhupalchok and Rasuwa districts of Nepal, to the north oF Kathmandu, but there are also sustained populations that have lived in other areas for several generations, including Lamjung, Ramechhap and Ilam in Nepal, and Darjeeling in India. In this paper I discuss the Hyolmo1 community in Lamjung, and the Kagate community 1 In this paper I use the spelling Hyolmo as the deFault variant in keeping with the other authors of this volume, although in my own work I use the spelling Yolmo, particularly in relation to the Lamjung community. -
Report on the Relationship Between Yolmo and Kagate Journal Issue
Peer Reviewed Title: Report on the relationship between Yolmo and Kagate Journal Issue: Himalayan Linguistics, 12(2) Author: Gawne, Lauren, University of Melbourne Publication Date: 2013 Permalink: http://escholarship.org/uc/item/7vd5d2vm Keywords: Tibeto-Burman, Central Bodic, Yolmo, Kagate, Lexicon Local Identifier: himalayanlinguistics_23716 Abstract: Yolmo and Kagate are two closely related Tibeto-Burman languages of Nepal. This paper provides a general overview of these two languages, including several dialects of Yolmo. Based on existent sources, and my own fieldwork, I present an ethnographic summary of each group of speakers, and the linguistic relationship between their mutually intelligible dialects. I also discuss a set of key differences that have been observed in regards to these languages, including the presence or absence of tone contours, verb stems and honorific lexical items. Although Yolmo and Kagate could be considered dialects of the same language, there are sufficient historical and political motivations for considering them as separate languages. Finally, I look at the status of the "Kyirong-Kagate" sub-branch of Tibetic languages in Tournadre’s (2005) classification, and argue that for reasons discussed in this paper it should instead be referred to as "Kyirong-Yolmo." Copyright Information: Copyright 2013 by the article author(s). This work is made available under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs4.0 license, http:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ eScholarship provides open access, scholarly publishing services to the University of California and delivers a dynamic research platform to scholars worldwide. Himalayan Linguistics Report on the relationship between Yolmo and Kagate Lauren Gawne The University of Melbourne ABSTRACT Yolmo and Kagate are two closely related Tibeto-Burman languages of Nepal. -
List of Languages Spoken in Nepal
List of Languages spoken in Nepal. 20,188,000 (1995). 2,423,840 speakers of Tibeto-Burman languages (1991 J. Matisoff). Kingdom of Nepal, Sri Nepala Sarkar. Literacy rate 20% to 29%. Information mainly from W. Winter 1991, SIL 1977, Hale 1982, Dor Bahadur Bista 1972. Data accuracy estimate: A2, B. Hindu, Buddhist, Muslim, Christian. Blind population 100,000. Deaf institutions: 3. The number of languages listed for Nepal is 125. Of those, 124 are living languages and 1 is extinct. ATHPARIYA (ATHAPRE, ATHPARE) [APH] 2,000 (1995 Karen Ebert); 232,264 all Rai languages (1971 census). North of the Tamur, between the Dhankutakhola in the west and the Tangkhuwa in the east; Dhankuta and Bhirgaon panchayats. Sino-Tibetan, Tibeto-Burman, Bodic, Eastern Himalayan, Kiranti, Eastern, Southwestern. Different from the Arthare dialect of Dungmali, and from Belhariya, which is also called Athpariya (W. Winter 1991). Used by all, including children and educated speakers. Low bilingualism in Nepali. Reported to be closest to Limbu, but not inherently intelligible with it. The term 'Kiranti' covers about 21 dialects, of which fewer than half are even partially intelligible. Rai and Kiranti are partially overlapping terms and subject to many interpretations (Austin Hale SIL 1977, personal communication). Survey needed. AWADHI (ABADI, ABOHI, AMBODHI, AVADHI, BAISWARI, KOJALI, KOSALI) [AWD] 540,000 in Nepal (1993 Johnstone); 20,000,000 in India (1951 census); 20,540,000 in all countries. Lumbini Zone, Kapilbastu District, Majhkhanda, Khajahani. Indo-European, Indo-Iranian, Indo-Aryan, East Central zone. Dialects: GANGAPARI, MIRZAPURI, PARDESI, THARU, UTTARI. 50% to 75% literate. Bible portions 1820-1911. -
The Tamang in Nepal
Südasien-Chronik - South Asia-Chronicle 1/2011, S. 393-437 © Südasien-Seminar der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin ISBN:978-3-86004-263-2 Negotiating Ethnic Identity in the Himalaya - The Tamang in Nepal ANNE KUKUCZKA [email protected] “[T]he discourse on ethnicity has escaped from academia and into the field. [...] [T]here is certainly a designer organism out there now, bred in the laboratory and released into the world to be fed by politicians, journalists, and ordinary citizens through their words and actions” (Banks 1996: 189). In the Nepalese Constituent Assembly elections of 2008 among the 74 registered parties, the Tamsaling Nepal Rastriya Dal (Tamsaling Nepal National Party, TRD) promoted the concept of transforming Nepal into a federal state based on ethnic groups’1 ancestral homelands. The claim for ethnic groups’ self-determination is one of the major political is- sues the Constituent Assembly is facing today while working towards a new constitution for what was the world’s last Hindu kingdom. Already in the early 1990s, Parshuram Tamang, who at that time was head of the Nepal Tamang Ghedung (Nepal Tamang Association, NTG), Nepal’s largest national Tamang organization, argued for a cantonal approach and the reorganization of the local government in order to decentralize 393 power and enable ethnic communities to actively engage in politics. Significantly, as early as 1992 he referred to the group that constitutes 5.6 percent of the total Nepalese population, and thereby forms the third largest ethnic group in Nepal2, as a “nation, which has inhabited [the] hills for longer than any other group” (Tamang 1992: 25). -
Tibetan Printing: Comparisons, Continuities and Change Brill’S Tibetan Studies Library
Tibetan Printing: Comparisons, Continuities and Change Brill’s Tibetan Studies Library Edited by Henk Blezer Alex McKay Charles Ramble volume 39 The titles published in this series are listed at brill.com/btsl Tibetan Printing: Comparisons, Continuities and Change Edited by Hildegard Diemberger, Franz-Karl Ehrhard and Peter Kornicki LEIDEN | BOSTON This is an open access title distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported (CC-BY-NC 3.0) License, which permits any non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. Cover illustration: The 1521 print of the Mani bka’ ’bum produced at Gung thang. Photograph from the Cambridge University Library. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Names: Diemberger, Hildegard, editor. | Ehrhard, Franz-Karl, editor. | Kornicki, Peter F. (Peter Francis) editor. Title: Tibetan printing : comparisons, continuities and change / edited by Hildegard Diemberger, Franz-Karl Ehrhard and Peter Kornicki. Description: Leiden ; Boston : Brill, 2016. | Series: Brill’s Tibetan studies library ; volume 39 | Papers presented at a workshop on “Printing as an Agent of Change in Tibet and beyond” held at Pembroke College, Cambridge, in November 2013. | Includes bibliographical references and index. Identifiers: LCCN 2016005484 (print) | LCCN 2016021799 (ebook) | ISBN 9789004316065 (hardback : alk. paper) | ISBN 9789004316256 (E-book) Subjects: LCSH: Printing—Tibet Region—History—Congresses. | Books—Tibet Region—History— Congresses. | Bookbinding—Tibet Region—History—Congresses. | Book design—Tibet Region—History—Congresses. Classification: LCC Z8.T53 T53 2016 (print) | LCC Z8.T53 (ebook) | DDC 686.20951/5—dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2016005484 Want or need Open Access? Brill Open offers you the choice to make your research freely accessible online in exchange for a publication charge. -
ISO 639-3 Registration Authority Request For
ISO 639-3 Registration Authority Request for Change to ISO 639-3 Language Code Change Request Number: 2011-169 (completed by Registration authority) Date: 2011-8-30 Primary Person submitting request: Melissa Ryan Affiliation: Researcher at Tribhuvan University, Nepal E-mail address: missmelvin at gmail dot com Names, affiliations and email addresses of additional supporters of this request: Mari-Sisko Khadgi, University of Helsinki: mari-sisko dot khadgi at helsinki dot fi Postal address for primary contact person for this request (in general, email correspondence will be used): PLEASE NOTE: This completed form will become part of the public record of this change request and the history of the ISO 639-3 code set and will be posted on the ISO 639-3 website. Types of change requests This form is to be used in requesting changes (whether creation, modification, or deletion) to elements of the ISO 639 Codes for the representation of names of languages — Part 3: Alpha-3 code for comprehensive coverage of languages . The types of changes that are possible are to 1) modify the reference information for an existing code element, 2) propose a new macrolanguage or modify a macrolanguage group; 3) retire a code element from use, including merging its scope of denotation into that of another code element, 4) split an existing code element into two or more new language code elements, or 5) create a new code element for a previously unidentified language variety. Fill out section 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 below as appropriate, and the final section documenting the sources of your information. -
European Bulletin of Himalayan Research (EBHR) Was Founded by the Late Richard Burghart in 1991 and Has Appeared Twice Yearly Ever Since
27 Autumn 2004 EBHR EUROPEAN BULLETIN OF HIMALAYAN RESEARCH European Bulletin of Himalayan Research The European Bulletin of Himalayan Research (EBHR) was founded by the late Richard Burghart in 1991 and has appeared twice yearly ever since. It is a product of collaboration and edited on a rotating basis between France (CNRS), Germany (South Asia Institute) and the UK (SOAS). Since October 2002 onwards, the German editorship has been run as a collective, presently including William S. Sax (managing editor), Martin Gaenszle, Elvira Graner, András Höfer, Axel Michaels, Joanna Pfaff-Czarnecka, Mona Schrempf and Claus Peter Zoller. We take the Himalayas to mean, the Karakorum, Hindukush, Ladakh, southern Tibet, Kashmir, north-west India, Nepal, Sikkim, Bhutan, and north-east India. The subjects we cover range from geography and economics to anthropology, sociology, philology, history, art history, and history of religions. In addition to scholarly articles, we publish book reviews, reports on research projects, information on Himalayan archives, news of forthcoming conferences, and funding opportunities. Manuscripts submitted are subject to a process of peer- review. Address for correspondence and submissions: European Bulletin of Himalayan Research, c/o Dept. of Anthropology South Asia Institute, Heidelberg University Im Neuenheimer Feld 330 D-69120 Heidelberg / Germany e-mail: [email protected]; fax: (+49) 6221 54 8898 For subscription details ( see: http://ebhr.sai.uni-heidelberg.de) or contact by e-mail: [email protected] Contributing editors: France: Marie Lecomte-Tilouine, Pascale Dollfus, Anne de Sales Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UPR 299 7, rue Guy Môquet 94801 Villejuif cedex France e-mail: [email protected] Great Britain: Michael Hutt, David Gellner, Ben Campbell School of Oriental and African Studies Thornhaugh Street, Russell Square London WC1H 0XG U.K.