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Redalyc.Larval Development of the Rock Shrimp Rhynchocinetes Typus Revista Chilena de Historia Natural ISSN: 0716-078X [email protected] Sociedad de Biología de Chile Chile DUPRÉ, ENRIQUE; FLORES, LUIS; PALMA, SERGIO Larval development of the rock shrimp Rhynchocinetes typus Milne Edwards, 1937 (Decapoda, Caridea) reared in the laboratory Revista Chilena de Historia Natural, vol. 81, núm. 2, 2008, pp. 155-170 Sociedad de Biología de Chile Santiago, Chile Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=369944286001 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative LARVAL DEVELOPMENT OF RHYNCHOCINETES TYPUSRevista Chilena de Historia Natural155 81: 155-170, 2008 Larval development of the rock shrimp Rhynchocinetes typus Milne Edwards, 1937 (Decapoda, Caridea) reared in the laboratory Desarrollo larval del camarón de roca Rhynchocinetes typus Milne Edwards, 1937 (Decapoda, Caridea) cultivados en laboratorio ENRIQUE DUPRÉ1*, LUIS FLORES1 & SERGIO PALMA2 1 Departamento de Biología Marina, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Universidad Católica del Norte, Casilla117 Coquimbo, Chile; [email protected] 2 Escuela de Ciencias del Mar, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile *e-mail for correspondence: [email protected] ABSTRACT The first description of the larval stages of a representative of the family Rhynchocinetidae from the southeastern Pacific coast of South America is presented. Larvae of the rock shrimp Rhynchocinetes typus, from rocky subtidal environment of the Chile-Peru coast were reared in the laboratory at 22 ºC, salinity 32 and feeding with Artemia franciscana. Seven zoeal stages, which occur through 10 successive moults, are described and illustrated in detail. Morphological comparison made between R. typus and other congeneric and related species belonging to Rhynchocinetid showed the main characteristic for the diagnosis of zoeal stages are: (a) the pereiopods appear in the third stage, (b) the exopod of the antennae have six segments, and (c) no pleopods were found on the seven stages. The main difference with related species was the presence of three lacinia in the right mandible at stage VII. Key words: larval development, shrimp, Rhynchocinetes, Caridea, Chile. RESUMEN Se describe por primera vez el desarrollo larval de un representante de la familia Rhynchocinetidae en aguas del Pacífico suroriental. Las larvas de camarón de roca Rhynchocinetes typus Milne Edwards, 1937 que habita en el submareal rocoso de la costa de Chile-Perú, se cultivaron en laboratorio a 22 ºC, con salinidad de 32 y se alimentaron con Artemia franciscana. Se determinaron siete estados de zoea que ocurren a través de 10 mudas sucesivas. Cada uno de los estados se describió e ilustró detalladamente. La comparación morfológica con otras especies congenéricas y otras especies de la familia Rhynchocinetidae indicó que las principales características distintivas de los estados de zoea fueron: (a) el primer par de pereiópodos aparece en la zoea III, (b) el exopodito de la antena presenta seis segmentos, y (c) no se observaron pleópodos en ninguno de los siete estados descritos. La principal característica que diferencia la zoea de R. typus de las demás especies es la presencia de tres lacinias en la mandíbula derecha en el estado VII. Palabras clave: desarrollo larval, camarón, Caridea, Rhynchocinetes, Chile. INTRODUCTION particularly regarding the Chile-Peru and Magellanic zoogeographic provinces (Boschi Many of the biological studies related to the 2000). In addition, Wehrtmann & Báez (1997) marine meroplankton, in Chile, have been pointed out that larval development of only affected by the difficulty in the recognition of 13.4 % of the Chilean crustacean decapods the larval diversity at specific level (Palma have already been described. 1976, 1980, Mujica 1993, Albornoz & According to Retamal (2000) the caridean Wehrtmann 1997, Barría et al. 2006) because species from Chile include 46 species that the information of larval biology at the species belong to 13 families, however the complete level is very scarce for decapod crustaceans larval development of only three species have from the southeastern Pacific Ocean, been described (Báez 1997). At present the 156 DUPRÉ ET AL. only information about the larval development 2001a), C. hendersoni (Maihara & Kyoya of the Rhynchocinetidae from Chile is the 2001b), 10 stages for R. uritani (Maihara 2002) description of the first zoea stage of the R. and 11 stages for R. conspiciocellus (Motoba & typus (Albornoz & Wehrtmann 1997). In the Shokita 1998). meroplankton of the central coast of Chile, the The purpose of this study is to describe in caridean larvae are found year-round, but they detail seven stage of larval development of the are most abundant during spring, particularly in rock shrimp R. typus reared in laboratory October (Palma 1976, 1980). conditions and to compare the morphology of The family Rhynchocinetidae encompasses these southeastern Pacific species with other the Caridea Infraorder and includes eight species encompasses to the same family. species distributed into the genera Cinertorhynchus and Rhynchocinetes. Cinertorhynchus include C. hendersoni Kemp MATERIAL AND METHODS 1925, C. rigens Burkenroad 1939, C. striatus (Nomura & Hayashi 1992) and C. manningi Ovigerous females of Rhynchocinetes typus Okuno 1996, while the Rhynchocinetes genera were collected from La Herradura Bay, include R. typus Milne-Edwards 1833, R. balssi Coquimbo, Chile, and maintained in a 50 L Gordon 1936, R. rigens Gordon 1936, R. aquarium with a continuous flow of bay water rugulosus Stimpson 1897, R. uritani Kubo (22 ± 1.5 °C) and feeding ad libitum with soft 1942 and R. conspiciocellus Okuno & Takeda tissue from clams (Gari solida). Females 1992. carrying stage-10 embryos (Dupré et al. 1992), Only two species of the family verified by microscopic examination, were Rhynchocinetidae were found in Chile: placed into 20 L aquaria; with semi-submerged Rhynchocinetes balssi has been reported on 450 μm mesh sieves attached to their outflow Robinson Crusoe Island and Easter Island pipes for recovery of recently hatched larvae. (Retamal 2000) and R. typus distributed along Recently hatched larvae were cultured in the west coast of South America from Lobos de 250 mL plastic bowl each holding 150 mL of Afuera, Perú (6º30’ S) to San Vicente bay, filtered seawater. Each plastic container was Chile (33°30’ S) (Bahamonde & López 1967, placed in a styrofoam tray employed as a Retamal 2000). This species inhabits rocky constant temperature water bath; the incubation bottoms, preferring crevices and caves from the temperature was regulated at 22 ± 0.5 ºC with a upper subtidal (Vásquez & Castilla 1982) to 30 Jaeger 1.8A thermoregulator. A maximum of m depth (Miranda & Kong 1970). 100 bowls could be maintained in this system, The rock shrimp Rhynchocinetes typus, a with each bowl containing three recently commercial species in some regions of Chile, hatched larvae. Seawater for culture bowl was constitute an outstanding component of a filtered to 50 μm pore size and UV irradiated; broad spectrum of subtidal hard-bottom the temperature remained al 22 ± 0.5 ºC at a communities (Correa & Thiel 2003). This salinity of 32 with a natural photoperiod. The species has a not synchronized reproductive larvae were fed ad libitum with recently cycle, which generates a continuous hatched Artemia franciscana nauplii. reproduction along the year (Correa & Thiel Larvae were daily transferred to fresh 2003). Some authors suggested that rock containers using 3 mm Pasteur pipettes. shrimp migrate to shallow waters (Vásquez & Recently moulted larvae as well as exuviae Castilla 1982) when they reproduce however were fixed in 3 % glutaraldehyde in seawater Correa & Thiel (2003) after the examination solution for subsequent observation by light of the population lived year-round suggested microscopy. Dead larvae were not replaced. that reproductive migration are of minor Twenty larvae of each larval stage were importance or not migrates to reproduces as described following the procedures of other caridean crustaceans. Williamson (1969) and Schultze & Anger The occurrence of 10 larval stages was (1997). In cases where a larva moulted but did reported for R. ringens from the Gulf of Aqaba not undergo a change of stage, the larva (Gurney 1942, Seridji 1986), 11 stages for retained the name of the preceding stage, Cinetorhynchus striatus (Maihara & Kyoya noting number of times this type of moult was LARVAL DEVELOPMENT OF RHYNCHOCINETES TYPUS 157 repeated. The arbitrary term “instar” was used Antenna (Fig. 1B). The scaphocerite is to denote each intermoult period, independent divided into six segments in a proportion of 6: of the stage of development (Hartnoll 1982, 1: 1: 1: 1: 0.5 with 12 plumose setae arranged Schultze & Anger 1997). The terminology of 3, 2, 1, 1, 1, 4. The antennal peduncle has a Walsh (1993) was used for describing larval small serrate spine on its internal border. The appendages. interior flagellum is supported by a distal spine. Dissections were carried out with The flagellum is elongated and plumose, entomological needle in a drop of having a length of 2X the scaphocerite. gliceraldehyde (Walsh 1993) under a Wild Antennule (Fig. 1C). The antennal peduncle stereoscopic microscope and drawings with a is unsegmented, robust, and is 2.5X
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