Intimate Partner Violence (IPV), Factors Influencing IPV, and Adverse Maternal Health Among
i Intimate Partner Violence (IPV), Factors Influencing IPV, and Adverse Maternal Health among Pregnant Thai Women Division of Research and Advanced Studies of the University of Cincinnati In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy College of Nursing April 2012 By Treechada Punsomreung B.S.N., Boromarajonani College of Nursing Praputhabat, 1993 M.S.N., Chulalongkorn University, 2000 Committee Chair: John Schafer, Ph.D. ii ABSTRACT Background: Intimate partner violence (IPV) is recognized as a human rights violation which has taken away certain rights of women; freedom from fear and want, to move, to be safe, to be healthy, to live. IPV is of pandemic proportions because its prevalence is worldwide. In Thailand, IPV and the safety of abused women remains a prominent problem. The World Health Organization (WHO) studied women's health and domestic violence against women in several countries including Thailand. The results revealed that 41% of women in Bangkok and 47% in rural areas experienced physical or sexual violence at least once during their lifetime by an intimate partner. IPV can occur at any time over a woman’s life, including during pregnancy. IPV can lead to the risk of death for mother and unborn child. Victims of IPV, before or during pregnancy, also face more complications of pregnancy. IPV during pregnancy is associated with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, anxiety, increased use of cigarettes, alcohol, and drugs, as well as later entry into prenatal care. Additionally, IPV impacts health care delivery, economics, social services, the criminal justice system, and law enforcement.
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