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K26-05653-Niugini-Caver-Vol-1-No-4

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K26-05653-Niugini-Caver-Vol-1-No-4 NEWSLETTER OF THE PAPUA NEW GUINEA CAVE EXPLORATION GROUP ~"' - 'f~ Moil$.;:t; . Registered at the General Post Office, Port Moresby for transmission by post as a Qualified Publication. NIUGINI CAVER VOLUME 1 NUMBER 4 93 Niugini Caver is the newsletter of the Papua New Guinea Cave Exploratloil"'Group. The PNGCEG is an informal association of persons engaged in speleology in Papua NevJ Guinea. Volun1e 1 Number 4 o October, 1973 .. ----Price 50 cents per issue. $2.00 per amn:Un. Editor and Producer R. Michael Bourke, D.A.SoF .. , Keravat, ---~a..r--,....--trf.-c·----~ ..... .,.,...--'n!QW...,..__ East New Britain 9 Papua New Guinea. Jean Schafferius Toktok Bilong Edi ta - Focus on the Chimbu 94 Some Caves of the Kundiawa Area. Ko A .. Wilde ....... 0000• 95 Caves of the Singga Valley, Chimbu District. Fa Parker. 103 Caves of the Wahgi Gorge near Kundiawa, Chimbu District. F .. Parker ... o .. o o o o .. o .. o ....... o ...................... o .. o. o •• o .. 106 Next Issue .. eooooooooooooeooooooooooooo•ocoooco•ooooo<tOO 108 A Cave near Kagul~ Chimbu Districto F .. Parker .............. 109 Notes on Some Caves in the Elimbari and Chuave Areas of the Chimbu District. K .. A. Wilde. 00000•• .................. 110 A Speleological Bibliography of the Chimbu District .. Ro J\1ichael Bourke ......... o ...... " ............. ".,. o ...... o o ........ o .. o .... 116 Tips for Armchair Cavers. •oo•oo••••o•oocco•••o•o••GO••• 119 The Caving Scene .... ". o ...... " ..... o.., .. " ................ .,. o.,. o o .. o ..... 120 Deadline for the Next Issueo 000000000001>0000•00 .... o ....... 121 Subscriptions.. o ., o • o ...... o o ......... o .. " ... o., .. "" ., .... o o .. o ... o .... "., " 122 A Seminar on Caves and Karst of Papua New Guineao o•c•oo 122 The Cave of the Year Award ... ., ...... 0000<>00•0000•0.•••0oO•• 122 Exchange Publications.. o .. " ............ " "c. o ... ., .... " •• ., ........... " o 122 To Find the Deepest Hole in the World.. R. Michael Bourke123 Deepest and Highest Caves in the Southern Hemisphereo Ro 1/Iichael Bourke~ " ........... " .... " • ., ...... " .......... o ... o ....... o.. 127 Trip to Kova.na Cave 11 Hotokas Area, Bougainville District I-I " R o 1¥1 e i e r " .. .. o o .. o o " • " " ., ., .. o ., • " .. " .. .. .. " o • .. .. " " • " • • .. • o • .. • .. 1 2 8 The New Contributors., 0000000000•00000000•••000•"•"" .. " ... 131 0 1 i,u~ 1J__ ._,,r)orb · C·arv ~p D'lVlng . E xpe d·t·lion, J anuary 1974 • oeooooeo I 31 ·:rhe Rempi Caves 9 Madang District .. John Bywater ....... o .. o•o 132 Tapitapipi Caves, Dabora, Milne Bay District .. LoJo Brasso134 '.J~rip to Javavere, Central District.. Michael Noone.. .. 135 Bat Guano Cave, Kaut 9 New Ireland District .. Ro Co }1UtCrli11.SOllc ooooooo•ooo•o•oooooooooeooooooooooeo 136 The cover map showing the caving areas in the Chimbu was kindly provided by Kev Wildeo Assisting vi1ith production were Rod Saunders, Jean Schafferius and Hal Gallasch .. :·:"IUGIIH CAVEH VOLUJ\1E 1 rrm.rnEH 4 The Chimbu is the most significant cave area in Po?LGo at the .CToment ~ It won 1 t be thdt 1,:;::J.y forever gs the better a.reo.s in the uthe:rn I-aghlands 9 Stct.r Eountains 9 Nev-J Bri tnin 211d l'Jevv Ireland are explored 9 but now the Chimbu contains more caves known to speleologists than ;:-my other area? and there hc~.s been more pub­ lished o..bout it th(.-::.n any other area. The reasons sren 9 t hard to find. It 1 s accessible by road and much of it is cleared s.nd inhabited.. The Port Moresby Spe1e·o1ogical Society ~nd Goroka Csving Club did most of their caving at Chu2ve as ·v•1ell as Henganofi in the E8..stern Highlands a.nd (),t Jo.vavcre out of I'Ioresby. In the lc.~.st fevv years there hci.s been c keen o.cti ve group perating out of Kundic~~o The district has the deepest known cave in the Southern Hemi-- e 9 and the longest in ~For~· o CL There u.re numerous good sport­ caves" As in most areas vJhere caves are found close to villages 9 (,C. Giythology hn.s c:risen o.bout the cc.ves 9 a.nd they serve as buria.l Jites 9 shelters, and they house rock art~ In this issue six articles deal with the c~ves and literature ·=J.i' the Chimbu.. .A further article on burial cu.ves and rock a.rt has been held over to the next issue because of shortage of spaceo The mz~,j or arec.s of Chu0.vc ~"' lJt::i.mbD,iyufo and ?orol ~L:-:nges - Singga Valley ore covered 9 D s well as the ~. .ic.hgi Gorge and Kc:.gul CJ.rea o Cave nctming and reporting remains confused 9 ho-:1 ever o It is 0ifficult to reconcile descriptions given by the different major .:1u.tLJ.ors on the o.ree. {G0 B'D.in 9 Co Chanpior~ 9 J?. P,.rker 9 K., Heet.d and L( .. · e),, The Chuave· -· m::mbaiyufa c:::.ves in r.kTticular are not ~ell described nnd ere Piven different names by different nuthorsc ;~_:.·,plying ncvv names to c~.ves that have tr;.::di tiono.l ne.mes is a parti­ cul2rly confusing practice. is the further pctential of the ~rea? Probnbly very goodo The limestone is novJhere z::.s extensive or thick 0s in mD.ny other :treas in P.YoG~ Xcc6rding to Bain et alo (1970) the average thick­ DCDS of the Chit11bu limestone is approxI'mately JOO lTI9 al though in ::: .. ces it is much thicker and crt Mt o Elimb&-ri it mc::~y exceed 1 OOO illo number of unknown caves must still be lergc 9 especially in the ,_:,-:c:-'o.~s havo received little nttention·so f8r., Some of the knovvn 2aves such ns Irapui and Kainomo (Kiown, Gome~) Gre incompletely exploreda Depths are not likely to exceed Bibimn (494 m) by much but there are probably several caves in excess of 300 m deepo It seems that the Chimbu will remain Pn.pue. He1iv Guine:;~ 1 s star caving area for ~ few years at least" It~f~E~I?.:£~ o See bibliography this issue o FIU:::-INI CAVEH VOJ..JUME 1 NUMBEH 4 95 sm.rn CAVES OF THE KUNDIA rA ARE.A 11;;.·>11::. • .-.~~tu.-~~~ .... ----... ~--~~ ....~~lr.z.~1IC>l:m~ ....... ~---... 11:·,,. IC A. Wilde * INTRODUCTIONo The limestone of the Chimbu is striking and undoubtedly gives the area its charm and characteristic beauty, with its steeply sloping escarpments 9 vertical cliff faces and deep gorges which have an abundance of caves and potholes. This paper describes caves North of Kundiawa - Chuave in the Porol Escarpment and Singga River areao (See location map.) Caves numbered 16, 17, 19 9 24 9 25 and 26 have been described from Parker (1965). The majority of the caves were explored by Van Watson 9 Bill Sanders? Tony Maddern and the author~ mainly during 1972 and early 1973. TOPOGHAPHY,, The Porol form an impressive series of cliff faces~from-'tFi'e south, ~nd from the north they are steep dip slopes varying from 40 in the west to near horizontal in the east near Chuave. As can be seen from the map 9 the backslope is drained by the rivers Singganigl and Kwinigl. Running north to south is the deep steeply inclined 'V' of the Chimbu Gorge at which point the Singganigl, Kwinigl and Chimbu meet. The Porol reaches an altitude of 2450 m near Chuave where it is covered by dense rain forest and virtually uninhabitedo On the northern side of the Singga. the limestone steeply rises and continues along the Upper Chimbu Valley towards Gemboglo The slopes of the Porol Escarpment are cultivated with the occasional hamlet on the crest of the westerly end. To the west, the Chimbu Limestone continues to Nogare (east of Kerowagi) and east beyond the limestone massif Elimbari (2SOO m)o GEQ~Oqio Known generally as Chimbu Limestone 9 the area has been geologically mapped by Rickwood (1955) and more recently Bain, Mackenzie and Ryburn (1970)., The karst morphology was referred to by CoSoI.Ro06 (1958) and has also been mentioned by Jennings a.n(l Bik ( 1962) 9 Champion ( 1968) and by Williams ( 1972). Karst occupies 87 sc~ km in tertiary limestone which could reach a max~mum of 1000 m (at Mt .. Elimbari) in thickness and dips 30-40 to the north or north-east. The long, sharp limestone ridges are orientated roughly north-west to south-east to 300 m high on the south-west sides; local relief reaches 1200 m (above ·.rahgi Valley) with the cliff faces being commonly broken and cavernous with abundant faultingo There is an east-west fault in the region of the Sikuri Pass ·where Bibima. is located, which undoubtedly gives the system its great deptho The ranges are of Eocene and Oligeocene limestone overlying the Upper Cretaceous Chim grou:D of shales to the south and above them are the Miocene sediments to the north. :~n;2na c~;.. VElt VOLDliE 1 :0J1Q3].;.i_t !L SG "'~-·".'.'7!l\t."l"'::'.'.::'~~=~'""·-"-·""'""""'""--'-""'"""*'"'"~''"''*"""·"""".,..*-;;~;;.-'x'"·""'~._.;i.;~.1;;;.,,;:;~-'i''\<";,~Al!.li"''"#.~;'r'!\>ii'¥.W~>'-.!Wl'i'f~~~#Xt(/'•i'tr";:::,···; ry~ .. ~l)':~l'~,• ..., Ii . ,~/"-:'~- I ""~ I X" IJ ~¥l.} I "'"'~ ,..i ~} <;J: ('1 <:/:: d (";if t·-- !. •. .n I d ,/). .:r: n I <!{: ,;:. •Q .;, '\t'. ~- ~- ~ •. J :l ,_ft C· .J <.¥. ~ ~~ A.~~ uJ »-- e~~ .:f J-. O.'.. ~ :~~ &- ~! t::!i.'. ,Ci -t..~'\ «l. ~. 14~ .l \ ... f I I' lHUG nn CA VER VOLUME 1 NUMBEH 4 97 CAVESo The caves are listed from west to east and are in the same-sequence as they appear on the location mapo 1o The Holeo This has been explored to a depth of 170 m and exploratioii'""'Is_,_not yet completeo Wilde (1973c) described the cave.
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