Birds of Central New Guinea
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Labile Evolution of Display Traits in Bowerbirds Indicates Reduced Effects of Phylogenetic Constraint
Labile evolution of display traits in bowerbirds indicates reduced effects of phylogenetic constraint " # # RAB KUSMIERSKI , GERALD BORGIA , ALBERT UY " ROSS H.CROZIER " School of Genetics and Human Variation, La Trobe Uniersit, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia # Department of Zoolog, Uniersit of Marland, College Park, MD 20742, USA SUMMARY Bowerbirds (Ptilonorhynchidae) have among the most exaggerated sets of display traits known, including bowers, decorated display courts and bright plumage, that differ greatly in form and degree of elaboration among species. Mapping bower and plumage traits on an independently derived phylogeny constructed from mitochondrial cytochrome b sequences revealed large differences in display traits between closely related species and convergences in both morphological and behavioural traits. Plumage characters showed no effect of phylogenetic inertia, although bowers exhibited some constraint at the more fundamental level of design, but above which they appeared free of constraint. Bowers and plumage characters, therefore, are poor indicators of phylogenetic relationship in this group. Testing Gilliard’s (1969) transferral hypothesis indicated some support for the idea that the focus of display has shifted from bird to bower in avenue-building species, but not in maypole-builders or in bowerbirds as a whole. maypole-builders (Amblornis, four spp.; Prionodura) in- 1. INTRODUCTION clude the orange-crested males of A. macgregoriae, which Bowerbirds (Ptilonorhynchidae) form a monophyletic decorate a sapling with horizontally interwoven sticks. family (Kusmierski et al. 1993) (eight genera, 19 species) The dull-coloured, monomorphic A. inornatus of endemic to Australia and New Guinea, and are unique western Irian Jaya (Arfak and Wandamen mountains) in the bird world in constructing and using a bower in and the orange-crested, dimorphic A. -
Evolution of Correlated Complexity in the Radically Different Courtship Signals of Birds-Of-Paradise
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/351437; this version posted June 20, 2018. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. Evolution of correlated complexity in the radically different courtship signals of birds-of-paradise 5 Russell A. Ligon1,2*, Christopher D. Diaz1, Janelle L. Morano1, Jolyon Troscianko3, Martin Stevens3, Annalyse Moskeland1†, Timothy G. Laman4, Edwin Scholes III1 1- Cornell Lab of Ornithology, 159 Sapsucker Woods Rd, Ithaca, NY, USA. 10 2- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA. 3- Centre for Ecology and Conservation, College of Life and Environmental Science, University of Exeter, Penryn, Cornwall TR10 9FE, UK 4- Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, 26 Oxford St., Cambridge, MA 02138, USA 15 † Current address: Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, UK *Author for correspondence: [email protected] ORCID: Russell Ligon https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0195-8275 20 Janelle Morano https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5950-3313 Edwin Scholes https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7724-3201 [email protected] [email protected] 25 [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] 30 keywords: ornament, complexity, behavioral analyses, sensory ecology, phenotypic radiation 35 1 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/351437; this version posted June 20, 2018. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. -
Disaggregation of Bird Families Listed on Cms Appendix Ii
Convention on the Conservation of Migratory Species of Wild Animals 2nd Meeting of the Sessional Committee of the CMS Scientific Council (ScC-SC2) Bonn, Germany, 10 – 14 July 2017 UNEP/CMS/ScC-SC2/Inf.3 DISAGGREGATION OF BIRD FAMILIES LISTED ON CMS APPENDIX II (Prepared by the Appointed Councillors for Birds) Summary: The first meeting of the Sessional Committee of the Scientific Council identified the adoption of a new standard reference for avian taxonomy as an opportunity to disaggregate the higher-level taxa listed on Appendix II and to identify those that are considered to be migratory species and that have an unfavourable conservation status. The current paper presents an initial analysis of the higher-level disaggregation using the Handbook of the Birds of the World/BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World Volumes 1 and 2 taxonomy, and identifies the challenges in completing the analysis to identify all of the migratory species and the corresponding Range States. The document has been prepared by the COP Appointed Scientific Councilors for Birds. This is a supplementary paper to COP document UNEP/CMS/COP12/Doc.25.3 on Taxonomy and Nomenclature UNEP/CMS/ScC-Sc2/Inf.3 DISAGGREGATION OF BIRD FAMILIES LISTED ON CMS APPENDIX II 1. Through Resolution 11.19, the Conference of Parties adopted as the standard reference for bird taxonomy and nomenclature for Non-Passerine species the Handbook of the Birds of the World/BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World, Volume 1: Non-Passerines, by Josep del Hoyo and Nigel J. Collar (2014); 2. -
Management and Breeding of Birds of Paradise (Family Paradisaeidae) at the Al Wabra Wildlife Preservation
Management and breeding of Birds of Paradise (family Paradisaeidae) at the Al Wabra Wildlife Preservation. By Richard Switzer Bird Curator, Al Wabra Wildlife Preservation. Presentation for Aviary Congress Singapore, November 2008 Introduction to Birds of Paradise in the Wild Taxonomy The family Paradisaeidae is in the order Passeriformes. In the past decade since the publication of Frith and Beehler (1998), the taxonomy of the family Paradisaeidae has been re-evaluated considerably. Frith and Beehler (1998) listed 42 species in 17 genera. However, the monotypic genus Macgregoria (MacGregor’s Bird of Paradise) has been re-classified in the family Meliphagidae (Honeyeaters). Similarly, 3 species in 2 genera (Cnemophilus and Loboparadisea) – formerly described as the “Wide-gaped Birds of Paradise” – have been re-classified as members of the family Melanocharitidae (Berrypeckers and Longbills) (Cracraft and Feinstein 2000). Additionally the two genera of Sicklebills (Epimachus and Drepanornis) are now considered to be combined as the one genus Epimachus. These changes reduce the total number of genera in the family Paradisaeidae to 13. However, despite the elimination of the 4 species mentioned above, 3 species have been newly described – Berlepsch's Parotia (P. berlepschi), Eastern or Helen’s Parotia (P. helenae) and the Eastern or Growling Riflebird (P. intercedens). The Berlepsch’s Parotia was once considered to be a subspecies of the Carola's Parotia. It was previously known only from four female specimens, discovered in 1985. It was rediscovered during a Conservation International expedition in 2005 and was photographed for the first time. The Eastern Parotia, also known as Helena's Parotia, is sometimes considered to be a subspecies of Lawes's Parotia, but differs in the male’s frontal crest and the female's dorsal plumage colours. -
First Records of Dragonflies (Odonata) from the Foja Mountains, Papua Province, Indonesia
14 Suara Serangga Papua, 2009, 4 (1) Juli- September 2009 First records of dragonflies (Odonata) from the Foja Mountains, Papua Province, Indonesia 1 2 Vincent J. Kalkman , Henk van Mastrigt & Stephen J. Rlchards" 1Nationaal Natuurhistorisch Museum - Naturalis Postbus 9517, NL-2300 RA Leiden, THE NETHERLANDS Email: [email protected] 2 Kelompok Entomologi Papua, Kotakpos 1078, Jayapura 99010, Papua, INDONESIA Email: [email protected] 3 Vertebrates Department, South Australian Museum, North Terrace, Adelaide, SA 5000, AUSTRALlA and Rapid Assessment Program, Conservation International, Atherton, Queensland 4883, AUSTRALlA Email: [email protected] Suara Serangga Papua: 4 (1): 14 - 19 Abstract: A small collection of dragonflies obtained during two RAP biodiversity surveys to the Foja Mountains, organised by Conservation International with help of LlPI, Bogor, in 2005 and 2008 are brought on record. Twelve species were found at two sites below 100 m near Kwerba, a small village adjacent to the Mamberamo River. Thirteen species were recorded at 'Moss Camp' at 1650 m in the Foja Mountains. Of these Hemicordulia ericetorum was previously only known from the central mountain range while Oreaeschna dictatrix was only known from Lake Paniai and the Cyclops Mountains. It is likely that more genera and species now known onlyfrom the central mountain range occur in the Foja Mountains and probably also the Van Rees Mountains. However one species, Argiolestes spec. nov. is probably endemie to the Foja Mountains. Although this collection includes only a small fraction of the diversity likely to be present in the mountains it is nonetheless of interest as it represents the first records of dragonflies from the area. -
The Avifauna of Mt. Karimui, Chimbu Province, Papua New Guinea, Including Evidence for Long-Term Population Dynamics in Undisturbed Tropical Forest
Ben Freeman & Alexandra M. Class Freeman 30 Bull. B.O.C. 2014 134(1) The avifauna of Mt. Karimui, Chimbu Province, Papua New Guinea, including evidence for long-term population dynamics in undisturbed tropical forest Ben Freeman & Alexandra M. Class Freeman Received 27 July 2013 Summary.—We conducted ornithological feld work on Mt. Karimui and in the surrounding lowlands in 2011–12, a site frst surveyed for birds by J. Diamond in 1965. We report range extensions, elevational records and notes on poorly known species observed during our work. We also present a list with elevational distributions for the 271 species recorded in the Karimui region. Finally, we detail possible changes in species abundance and distribution that have occurred between Diamond’s feld work and our own. Most prominently, we suggest that Bicolored Mouse-warbler Crateroscelis nigrorufa might recently have colonised Mt. Karimui’s north-western ridge, a rare example of distributional change in an avian population inhabiting intact tropical forests. The island of New Guinea harbours a diverse, largely endemic avifauna (Beehler et al. 1986). However, ornithological studies are hampered by difculties of access, safety and cost. Consequently, many of its endemic birds remain poorly known, and feld workers continue to describe new taxa (Prat 2000, Beehler et al. 2007), report large range extensions (Freeman et al. 2013) and elucidate natural history (Dumbacher et al. 1992). Of necessity, avifaunal studies are usually based on short-term feld work. As a result, population dynamics are poorly known and limited to comparisons of diferent surveys or diferences noticeable over short timescales (Diamond 1971, Mack & Wright 1996). -
Nesting Behavior of a Raggiana Bird of Paradise
Wilson Bull., 106(3), 1994, pp. 522-530 NESTING BEHAVIOR OF A RAGGIANA BIRD OF PARADISE WILLIAM E. DAVIS, JR.’ AND BRUCE M. BEEHLER* ABSTRACT..-WC made observations of a nest of a Raggiana Bird of Paradise (Parudisaea raggiana) for 22 days. The single nestling was attended only by the female and was fed only arthropods until day 5, and thereafter a mix of arthropods and fruit. Evidence from regurgitation of seeds at the nest indicates that the parent subsisted largely on fruit. This dietary dichotomy conforms to that of other polygynous birds of paradise and accords with socioecological predictions concerning single-parent nestling care. Received 3 Aug. 1993, accepted 1 Feb. 1994. Many aspects of the life history of birds of paradise (Paradisaeidae) are at least superficially understood (Gilliard 1969, Cooper and Forshaw 1977, Diamond 1981, Beehler 1989). One notable exception is nesting biology which is inadequately documented for many paradisaeid species (Cooper and Forshaw 1977). In spite of recent contributions (Pruett-Jones and Pruett-Jones 1988; Frith and Frith 1990, 1992, 1993a, b; Mack 1992), the nests of 13 species remain undescribed, and 26 species have never been studied at the nest (Cooper and Forshaw 1977; Beehler, unpubl.). Here we provide the first detailed description of nesting behavior of the Raggiana Bird of Paradise (Parudisaea ruggianu) in the wild, one of the best-known members of the family, and Papua New Guinea’s national symbol. The Raggiana Bird of Paradise is a common, vocal, and widespread species of forest and edge that inhabits lowlands and hills of southern, central, and southeastern Papua New Guinea (Cooper and Forshaw 1977). -
Report on Biodiversity and Tropical Forests in Indonesia
Report on Biodiversity and Tropical Forests in Indonesia Submitted in accordance with Foreign Assistance Act Sections 118/119 February 20, 2004 Prepared for USAID/Indonesia Jl. Medan Merdeka Selatan No. 3-5 Jakarta 10110 Indonesia Prepared by Steve Rhee, M.E.Sc. Darrell Kitchener, Ph.D. Tim Brown, Ph.D. Reed Merrill, M.Sc. Russ Dilts, Ph.D. Stacey Tighe, Ph.D. Table of Contents Table of Contents............................................................................................................................. i List of Tables .................................................................................................................................. v List of Figures............................................................................................................................... vii Acronyms....................................................................................................................................... ix Executive Summary.................................................................................................................... xvii 1. Introduction............................................................................................................................1- 1 2. Legislative and Institutional Structure Affecting Biological Resources...............................2 - 1 2.1 Government of Indonesia................................................................................................2 - 2 2.1.1 Legislative Basis for Protection and Management of Biodiversity and -
Avian Monogamy
(ISBN: 0-943610-45-1) AVIAN MONOGAMY EDITED BY PATRICIA ADAIR GOWATY AND DOUGLAS W. MOCK Department of Zoology University of Oklahoma Norman, Oklahoma 73019 ORNITHOLOGICAL MONOGRAPHS NO. 37 PUBLISHED BY THE AMERICAN ORNITHOLOGISTS' UNION WASHINGTON, D.C. 1985 AVIAN MONOGAMY ORNITHOLOGICAL MONOGRAPHS This series, published by the American Ornithologists' Union, has been estab- lished for major papers too long for inclusion in the Union's journal, The Auk. Publication has been made possiblethrough the generosityof the late Mrs. Carll Tucker and the Marcia Brady Tucker Foundation, Inc. Correspondenceconcerning manuscripts for publication in the seriesshould be addressedto the Editor, Dr. David W. Johnston,Department of Biology, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030. Copies of Ornithological Monographs may be ordered from the Assistant to the Treasurer of the AOU, Frank R. Moore, Department of Biology, University of Southern Mississippi, Southern Station Box 5018, Hattiesburg, Mississippi 39406. (See price list on back and inside back covers.) OrnithologicalMonographs,No. 37, vi + 121 pp. Editors of Ornithological Monographs, Mercedes S. Foster and David W. Johnston Special Reviewers for this issue, Walter D. Koenig, Hastings Reservation, Star Route Box 80, Carmel Valley, CA 93924; Lewis W. Oring, De- partment of Biology,Box 8238, University Station, Grand Forks, ND 58202 Authors, Patricia Adair Gowaty, Department of BiologicalSciences, Clem- son University, Clemson, SC 29631; Douglas W. Mock, Department of Zoology, University of Oklahoma, Norman, OK 73019 First received, 23 August 1983; accepted29 February 1984; final revision completed 8 October 1984 Issued October 17, 1985 Price $11.00 prepaid ($9.00 to AOU members). Library of CongressCatalogue Card Number 85-647080 Printed by the Allen Press,Inc., Lawrence, Kansas 66044 Copyright ¸ by the American Ornithologists'Union, 1985 ISBN: 0-943610-45-1 ii AVIAN MONOGAMY EDITED BY PATRICIA ADAIR GOWATY AND DOUGLAS W. -
A Global Overview of Protected Areas on the World Heritage List of Particular Importance for Biodiversity
A GLOBAL OVERVIEW OF PROTECTED AREAS ON THE WORLD HERITAGE LIST OF PARTICULAR IMPORTANCE FOR BIODIVERSITY A contribution to the Global Theme Study of World Heritage Natural Sites Text and Tables compiled by Gemma Smith and Janina Jakubowska Maps compiled by Ian May UNEP World Conservation Monitoring Centre Cambridge, UK November 2000 Disclaimer: The contents of this report and associated maps do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of UNEP-WCMC or contributory organisations. The designations employed and the presentations do not imply the expressions of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNEP-WCMC or contributory organisations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or its authority, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY INTRODUCTION 1.0 OVERVIEW......................................................................................................................................................1 2.0 ISSUES TO CONSIDER....................................................................................................................................1 3.0 WHAT IS BIODIVERSITY?..............................................................................................................................2 4.0 ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY......................................................................................................................3 5.0 CURRENT WORLD HERITAGE SITES............................................................................................................4 -
Two New Species of Paraphilopterus Mey, 2004 (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera: Philopteridae)
Zootaxa 3873 (2): 155–164 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2014 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3873.2.3 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:D78B845A-99D8-423E-B520-C3DD83E3C87F Two new species of Paraphilopterus Mey, 2004 (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera: Philopteridae) from New Guinean bowerbirds (Passeriformes: Ptilonorhynchidae) and satinbirds (Passeriformes: Cnemophilidae) DANIEL R. GUSTAFSSON1,2 & SARAH E. BUSH1 1Department of Biology, University of Utah, 257 S. 1400 E., Salt Lake City, Utah, 84112, USA 2Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract Two new species of Paraphilopterus Mey, 2004 are described and named. Paraphilopterus knutieae n. sp. is described from two subspecies of Macgregor's bowerbirds: Amblyornis macgregoriae nubicola Schodde & McKean, 1973 and A. m. kombok Schodde & McKean, 1973, and Sanford's bowerbird: Archboldia sanfordi (Mayr & Gilliard, 1950) (Ptilono- rhynchidae). Paraphilopterus meyi n. sp. is described from two subspecies of crested satinbirds: Cnemophilus macgrego- rii macgregorii De Vis, 1890 and C. m. sanguineus Iredale, 1948 (Cnemophilidae). These new louse species represent the first records of the genus Paraphilopterus outside Australia, as well as from host families other than the Corcoracidae. The description of Paraphilopterus is revised and expanded based on the additional new species, including the first de- scription of the male of this genus. Also, we provide a key to the species of Paraphilopterus. Key words: Phthiraptera, Ischnocera, Philopteridae, Paraphilopterus, chewing lice, new species, Ptilonorhynchidae, Cnemophilidae, New Guinea Introduction Mey (2004: 188) described the new genus Paraphilopterus based on a single female louse from the Australian host Corcorax melanoramphos (Vieillot, 1817) (Corcoracidae). -
Nest, Egg, Incubation Behaviour and Parental Care in the Huon Bowerbird Amblyornis Germana
Australian Field Ornithology 2019, 36, 18–23 http://dx.doi.org/10.20938/afo36018023 Nest, egg, incubation behaviour and parental care in the Huon Bowerbird Amblyornis germana Richard H. Donaghey1, 2*, Donna J. Belder3, Tony Baylis4 and Sue Gould5 1Environmental Futures Research Institute, Griffith University, Nathan 4111 QLD, Australia 280 Sawards Road, Myalla TAS 7325, Australia 3Fenner School of Environment and Society, The Australian National University, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia 4628 Utopia Road, Brooweena QLD 4621, Australia 5269 Burraneer Road, Coomba Park NSW 2428, Australia *Corresponding author. Email: [email protected] Abstract. The Huon Bowerbird Amblyornis germana, recently elevated to species status, is endemic to montane forests on the Huon Peninsula, Papua New Guinea. The polygynous males in the Yopno Urawa Som Conservation Area build distinctive maypole bowers. We document for the first time the nest, egg, incubation behaviour, and parental care of this species. Three of the five nests found were built in tree-fern crowns. Nest structure and the single-egg clutch were similar to those of MacGregor’s Bowerbird A. macgregoriae. Only the female Huon Bowerbird incubated. Mean length of incubation sessions was 30.9 minutes and the number of sessions daily was 18. Diurnal incubation constancy over a 12-hour day was 74%, compared with a mean of ~70% in six other members of the bowerbird family. The downy nestling resembled that of MacGregor’s Bowerbird. Vocalisations of a female Huon Bowerbird at a nest with a nestling