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MODUL BAHASA INGGRIS KELAS VIII SMP/Mts SEMESTER GENAP

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MODUL BAHASA INGGRIS KELAS VIII SMP/Mts SEMESTER GENAP Hak Cipta pada Bambang Cahyono, S.Ag Materi Pembelajaran ILMU PENGETAHUAN SOSIAL Untuk Kelas VIII-1 SMP/MTs. Penulis : Bambang Cahyono, S.Ag Editor : Ahmad Zahid, M.Ed Perancang Kulit : Drs. Ahmad Sholahuddin, M.M Ilustrasi, Tata Letak : Islamudin Akbar, S.Kom Ukuran Buku : 21,59 x 27,94 cm CC Bambang Cahyono, S.Ag. Materi Pembelajaran, ILMU PENGETAHUAN SOSIAL, Untuk KLS VIII-1 SMP/MTs Bambang Cahyono, S.Ag.; Editor: Ahmad Zahid, M.Ed. — Tegal Kementerian Agama Kabupaten Tegal, 2018. ISBN-13: 978-1547052240 ISBN-10: 1547052244 Diterbitkan Oleh: FGP PRESS Tahun 2018 KATA PENGANTAR Puji syukur kami panjatkan pada Tuhan Yang Maha Esa yang telah melimpahkan rahmat dan karunia-Nya sehingga penyusun dapat menyelesaikan Materi Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial ini. Materi Pembelajaran Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial Kelas VIII-1 SMP/MTs ini disusun dan dikembangkan penulis dalam kaitannya dengan kegiatan penyediaan buku penunjang KBM IPS pada MTs. Negeri 2 Tegal. Bahan ajar ini juga dibuat berdasarkan KI dan KD Kurikulum 2013 yang telah direvisi tahun 2017. Materi Pembelajaran Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial Kelas VIII-1 SMP/MTs ini telah dinilai Kepala dan oleh teman sejawat, dan dinyatakan memenuhi syarat untuk digunakan sebagai buku penunjang pembelajaran IPS di MTs. Negeri 2 Tegal. Tahun Pelajaran 2017/2018. Penggunaan buku ini diharapkan dapat digunakan dengan sebaik- baiknya sehingga dapat meningkatkan meningkatkan kelulusan siswa- siswinya madrasah. Saran perbaikan untuk penyempurnaan buku pelajaran ini sangat diharapkan. Terimakasih setulus-tulusnya disampaikan kepada para penulis yang telah berkontribusi dalam penyusunan buku pelajaran ini, baik pada saat awal pengembangan bahan ajar, ujicoba terbatas, maupun penyempurnaan sehingga dapat tersusunnya buku pelajaran ini. Terima kasih dan penghargaan juga disampaikan kepada semua pihak yang telah membantu terwujudnya penerbitan buku pelajaran ini. Slawi, Juli 2018 Penulis, ii DAFTAR ISI KATA PENGANTAR ………………………………………….…………….……..…….… ii DAFTAR ISI …………………………………………………….……………….…...……... iii BAB 1 Interaksi Keruangan Dalam Kehidupan Di Negara-Negara ASEAN A. Mengenal Negara-Negara ASEAN ………………………………………………… 3 1. Letak Geografis Negara-Negara ASEAN ............................................................. 4 2. Letak Koordinat ASEAN ...................................................................................... 4 B. Interaksi Antarnegara-negara ASEAN 1. Pengertian, Faktor Pendorong dan Penghambat Kerja Sama ……………..….. 10 2. Bentuk-bentuk Kerja Sama (Sosial, Politik, Budaya, Pendidikan dan Perkembangannya.............................................................................................. 11 3. Pengaruh Kerja Sama Bidang Ekonomi, Sosial, Politik, Budaya, danPendidikan terhadap Kehidupan di ASEAN ……………………….…….. 12 4. Upaya-upaya Meningkatkan Kerja Sama Negara-Negara ASEAN ……..…… 13 C. Pengaruh Perubahan dan Interaksi Keruangan terhadap Kehidupan di 13 Negara-Negara ASEAN 1. Perubahan Ruang dan Interaksi Antarruang akibat Faktor Alam …….………. 13 2. Pengaruh Perkembangan Ilmu dan Teknologi terhadap Perubahan Ruang………………………………………………………………………….. 14 3. Pengaruh Perubahan Ruang terhadap Kehidupan Ekonomi ……….…………. 14 4. Pengaruh Konvensi Lahan Pertanian ke Industri dan Pemukiman terhadap Perubahan Ruang dan Interaksi Antarruang …………………………………... 15 BAB 2 Pengaruh Interaksi Sosial Terhadap Kehidupan Sosial dan Kebangsaan A. Mobilitas Sosial ....................................................................................................... 23 1. Pengertian Mobilitas Sosial ............................................................................... 23 2. Bentuk-Bentuk Mobilitas sosial ........................................................................ 23 3. Faktor-Faktor Pendorong dan Penghambat Mobilitas Sosial ............................ 25 4. Saluran-Saluran Mobilitas Sosial....................................................................... 26 5. Dampak Mobilitas Sosial................................................................................... 27 B. Pluralitas Masyarakat Indonesia ............................................................................ 27 1. Perbedaan Agama .............................................................................................. 27 2. Perbedaan Budaya ............................................................................................. 28 3. Perbedaan Suku Bangsa .................................................................................... 29 4. Perbedaan Pekerjaan.......................................................................................... 30 5. Peran dan Fungsi Keragaman Budaya............................................................... 32 C. Konflik dan Integrasi dalam Kehidupan Sosial...................................................... 33 1. Konflik dalam Kehidupan Sosial....................................................................... 33 2. Integrasi Sosial................................................................................................... 37 DAFTAR PUSTAKA ............................................................................................................. 46 LAMPIRAN iii Page | 0 Petunjuk Penggunaan Sebelum mempelajari modul ini, baca baik-baik petunjuk penggunaan modul dibawah ini! 1) Pelajari daftar isi, agar kamu mudah dalam belajar. 2) Perhatikan peta konsep modul dengan cermat dan teliti, agar kamu mudah dalam belajar. 3) Baca deskripsi singkat isi modul agar mengetahui gambaran isi modul. 4) Sebelum mempelajari isi modul, baca terlebih dahulu tujuan pembelajaran dan apersepsi setiap kegiatan belajar. 5) Bacalah isi modul secara cermat, bila sekiranya ada yang kurang jelas tanyakan pada temanmu yang kamu anggap bisa. Jika masih belum jelas mintalah penjelasan kepada guru. 6) Kerjakan soal-soal evaluasi dengan sungguh-sungguh 7) Bacalah referensi lain yang mendukung dan berhubungan dengan modul ini untuk menambah pengetahuan kamu. 3. Memahami dan menerapkan pengetahuan faktual, konseptual Kompetensi Inti dan prosedural. Berdaarkan rasa ingin tahunya tentang ilmu (KI3) pengetahuan, teknologi, seni, dan budaya. Dikaitkan dengan (Pengetahuan) fenomena dan kejadian yang tampak mata. 3.1. Menelaah perubahan keruangan dan interaksi antarruang di Indonesia dan negara ASEAN yang diakibatkan oleh faktor alam dan manusia. Dan pengaruhnya terhadap Kompetensi kelangsungan kehidupan ekonomi , sosial, budaya, dan Dasar (KD) politik. 3.2. Menganalisis pengaruh interaksi sosial dalam ruang yang berbeda terhadap kehidupan sosial dan budaya. Serta pengembangan kehidupan kebangsaan. 4. Mengolah, menyaji dan menalar dalam ranah konkrit (menggunakan, mengurai, merangkai, memodifikasi dan Kompetensi Inti membuat). Ranah abstrak meliputi menulis, membaca, (KI4) menghitung, menggambar, dan mengarang. Sesuai dengan (Keterampilan) yang dipelajari di sekolah dan sumber lain yang sama dalam sudut pandang teori. 4.1. Menyajikan hasil telaah tentang perubahan keruangan dan interaksi antarruang di Indonesia dan negara ASEAN. Yang diakibatkan oleh faktor alam dan manusia meliputi teknologi, ekonomi, pemanfaatan lahan, da politik. Serta Kompetensi pengaruhnya terhadap keberlangsungan kehidupan Dasar (KD) ekonomi, sosial,budaya dan politik. 4.2. Menyajikan hasil analisis tentang pengaruh interaksi sosial dalam ruang yang berbeda terhadap kehidupan sosial dan budaya. Serta pengembangan kehidupan kebangsaan. Modul IPS Kelas VIII-1 SMP/MTs Rev-2017 | 1 BAB 1 INTERAKSI KERUANGAN DALAM KEHIDUPAN DI NEGARA-NEGARA ASEAN Pada Bab ini, kalian akan mempelajari perubahan keruangan dan interaksi antarruang di Indonesia dan negara-negara di ASEAN yang disebabkan kondisi alam dan kegiatan manusia. Faktor kondisi alam meliputi letak geografis dan letak koordinat, yakni letak suatu wilayah/negara menurut garis lintang dan bujur negara-negara ASEAN, sedangkan faktor kegiatan manusia meliputi teknologi, ekonomi, pemanfaatan lahan, dan pengaruhnya terhadap keberlangsungan kehidupan masyarakat di bidang ekonomi, sosial, dan budaya. Kondisi alam berbeda di setiap negara sehingga berpengaruh terhadap perubahan dan interaksi antarruang di antara negara-negara ASEAN. Iklim tropis menjadikan mayoritas negara di Asia Tenggara sebagai negara agraris, yang tercermin dari matapencaharian dan komoditas penduduknya. Adapun kondisi manusia yang berbeda menjadikan suatu negara berbeda pula dalam hal penguasaan serta penggunaan teknologi dan komunikasi. Kegiatan ekonomi, yang meliputi proses produksi, distribusi, dan konsumsi, menimbulkan perubahan ruang dan interaksi antarnegara karena ada 2 | Modul IPS Kelas VIII-1 SMP/MTs Rev-2017 perpindahan barang baik ekspor maupun impor. Tuntutan kebutuhan negara yang berbeda satu dengan lainnya memengaruhi perubahan ruang dan interaksi antarnegara ASEAN. Hal ini melahirkan kerja sama di bidang ekonomi, sosial, hukum, dan budaya. Kerja sama yang dilakukan antarnegara ASEAN berpengaruh pada kehidupan sosial, budaya, ekonomi, dan pendidikan masyarakat ASEAN. Seluruh masyarakat ASEAN harus siap menghadapi perubahan yang tidak pernah berhenti serta interaksi yang sifatnya dinamis. Setelah mempelajari bab ini, kalian diharapkan mampu: 1) Menjelaskan kondisi geografis dan karakteristik negara-negara anggota ASEAN. 2) Menjelaskan makna kerja sama, bentuk-bentuk kerja sama, dan upaya meningkatkan kerja sama antarnegara ASEAN. 3) Menganalisis pengaruh perubahan ruang dan interaksi antarruang terhadap keberlangsungan kehidupan ekonomi, sosial, budaya, politik, dan pendidikan. A. Mengenal
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