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A Simultaneous-Equation Model of the Determinants of the Thai Baht/U.S
A SIMULTANEOUS-EQUATION MODEL OF THE DETERMINANTS OF THE THAI BAHT/U.S. DOLLAR EXCHANGE RATE Yu Hsing, Southeastern Louisiana University ABSTRACT This paper examines short-run determinants of the Thai baht/U.S. dollar (THB/ USD) exchange rate based on a simultaneous-equation model. Using a reduced form equation and applying the EGARCH method, the paper fnds that the THB/ USD exchange rate is positively associated with the real 10-year U.S. government bond yield, real U.S. exports to Thailand, the real U.S. stock price and the expected exchange rate and negatively infuenced by the real Thai government bond yield, real U.S. imports from Thailand, and the real Thai stock price. JEL Classifcation: F31 INTRODUCTION The choice of exchange rate regimes, overvaluation of a currency, and global fnancial crises may affect the behavior of an exchange rate. Before the Asian fnancial crisis, the Thai baht was pegged to a basket of major currencies and was substantially over-valued. Due to speculative attacks and running out of foreign reserves, the Thai government gave up pegging of major currencies and announced the adoption of a foating exchange rate regime on July 2, 1997. As a result, the Thai baht had depreciated as much as 108.74% against the U.S. dollar. In the recent global fnancial crisis, the Thai baht had lost as much as 13.76% of its value versus the U.S. dollar. While a depreciating currency is expected to lead to more exports, it would cause less imports, higher domestic infation, decreasing international capital infows, rising costs of foreign debt measured in the domestic currency, and other related negative impacts. -
68Th Annual Report Chapter VI. Exchange Rates and Capital Flows
VI. Exchange rates and capital flows Highlights In 1997 and early 1998 current and prospective business cycle developments in the three largest economies continued to dominate interest rate expectations as well as the movements of the dollar against the yen and the Deutsche mark. The yen showed more variability than the mark as market participants revised their views regarding the momentum of the Japanese economy. As in 1996, the dollar’s strength served to redistribute world demand in a stabilising manner, away from the full employment economy of the United States to economies that were still operating below potential. A question remains as to whether the US current account deficit, which is expected to widen substantially as a result of exchange rate changes and the Asian crisis, will prove sustainable given the continuing build- up of US external liabilities. Under the influence of several forces, large currency depreciations spread across East Asia and beyond in 1997. Apart from similarities in domestic conditions, common factors were the strength of the dollar, competition in international trade, widespread shifts in speculative positions and foreign investors’ withdrawal of funds from markets considered similar. The fall in output growth and wealth in Asia depressed commodity and gold prices, thereby putting downward pressure on the Canadian and Australian dollars. Against the background of a strong US dollar, most European currencies proved stable or strengthened against the mark. As fiscal policies and inflation converged, forward exchange rates and currency option prices anticipated the euro over a year before the scheduled introduction of monetary union. Already in 1997, trading of marks against the other currencies of prospective monetary union members had slowed. -
SBI FOREX CARD RATES Date 30-09-2021 Time 10:00 AM
SBI FOREX CARD RATES Date 30-09-2021 Time 10:00 AM CARD RATES FOR TRANSACTIONS BELOW Rs. 10 LACS CURRENCY TT BUY TT SELL BILL BUY BILL SELL TC BUY TC SELL CN BUY CN SELL PC BUY UNITED STATES DOLLAR USD/INR 73.50 75.00 73.44 75.15 72.80 75.40 72.50 75.50 73.39 EURO EUR/INR 84.71 87.60 84.64 87.78 83.90 88.05 83.50 88.25 84.58 GREAT BRITAIN POUND GBP/INR 98.34 101.48 98.26 101.68 97.40 102.00 96.90 102.25 98.19 JAPANESE YEN JPY/INR 65.23 67.48 65.18 67.61 64.60 67.80 62.10 70.00 65.13 SWISS FRANC CHF/INR 78.11 80.99 78.04 81.16 77.35 81.40 74.35 84.05 77.99 AUSTRALIAN DOLLAR AUD/INR 52.44 54.64 52.40 54.75 52.40 54.90 50.40 56.70 52.36 NEW ZEALAND DOLLAR NZD/INR 50.20 52.39 50.16 52.49 0.00 0.00 47.80 54.35 50.12 CANADIAN DOLLAR CAD/INR 57.35 59.27 57.31 59.38 56.80 59.55 54.60 61.50 57.26 SINGAPORE DOLLAR SGD/INR 53.71 55.41 53.66 55.52 0.00 0.00 51.15 57.50 53.63 HONG KONG DOLLAR HKD/INR 9.38 9.69 9.37 9.71 0.00 0.00 8.90 10.05 9.35 DANISH KRONER DKK/INR 11.40 11.77 11.38 11.80 0.00 0.00 10.80 12.25 11.38 NORWEGIAN KRONER NOK/INR 8.34 8.62 8.33 8.63 0.00 0.00 7.95 8.95 8.31 SWEDISH KRONA SEK/INR 8.30 8.57 8.29 8.59 0.00 0.00 7.90 8.90 8.27 BAHRAINI DINAR BHD/INR 191.13 203.01 190.97 203.42 0.00 0.00 185.65 206.50 190.84 KUWAITI DINAR KWD/INR 238.76 254.17 238.57 254.68 0.00 0.00 231.90 258.55 238.40 UAE DIRHAM AED/INR 19.62 20.84 19.60 20.88 0.00 0.00 19.05 21.20 19.59 SAUDI ARABIAN RIYAL SAR/INR 19.21 20.40 19.19 20.44 0.00 0.00 18.65 20.75 19.18 SOUTH AFRICAN RAND ZAR/INR 4.76 5.06 4.75 5.07 0.00 0.00 4.55 5.15 4.74 CHINESE YUAN CNY/INR -
Being Lgbt in Asia: Thailand Country Report
BEING LGBT IN ASIA: THAILAND COUNTRY REPORT A Participatory Review and Analysis of the Legal and Social Environment for Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender (LGBT) Persons and Civil Society United Nations Development Programme UNDP Asia-Paci! c Regional Centre United Nations Service Building, 3rd Floor Rajdamnern Nok Avenue, Bangkok 10200, Thailand Email: [email protected] Tel: +66 (0)2 304-9100 Fax: +66 (0)2 280-2700 Web: http://asia-paci! c.undp.org/ September 2014 Proposed citation: UNDP, USAID (2014). Being LGBT in Asia: Thailand Country Report. Bangkok. This report was technically reviewed by UNDP and USAID as part of the ‘Being LGBT in Asia’ initiative. It is based on the observations of the author(s) of report on the Thailand National LGBT Community Dialogue held in Bangkok in March 2013, conversations with participants and a desk review of published literature. The views and opinions in this report do not necessarily re!ect o"cial policy positions of the United Nations Development Programme or the United States Agency for International Development. UNDP partners with people at all levels of society to help build nations that can withstand crisis, and drive and sustain the kind of growth that improves the quality of life for everyone. On the ground in more than 170 countries and territories, we o#er global perspective and local insight to help empower lives and build resilient nations. Copyright © UNDP 2014 United Nations Development Programme UNDP Asia-Paci$c Regional Centre United Nations Service Building, 3rd Floor Rajdamnern Nok Avenue, Bangkok 10200, Thailand Email: [email protected] Tel: +66 (0)2 304-9100 Fax: +66 (0)2 280-2700 Web: http://asia-paci$c.undp.org/ Design: Sa$r Soeparna/Ian Mungall/UNDP. -
Report Name: Rice Price - Weekly
Required Report: Required - Public Distribution Date: July 13, 2021 Report Number: TH2021-0048 Report Name: Rice Price - Weekly Country: Thailand Post: Bangkok Report Category: Grain and Feed Prepared By: Mana-anya Iemsam-arng, Agricultural Specialist Approved By: Eric Mullis Report Highlights: Export prices of all grades of rice decreased 2-3 percent due to a further weakening of the Thai baht against the U.S. dollar caused by increasing concerns of the current COVID-19 situation in Thailand. THIS REPORT CONTAINS ASSESSMENTS OF COMMODITY AND TRADE ISSUES MADE BY USDA STAFF AND NOT NECESSARILY STATEMENTS OF OFFICIAL U.S. GOVERNMENT POLICY Market Tone Table 1: Export Prices (FOB) for various grades of Thai rice (USD/MT), Week ending July 12, 2021 Exporter Observations Period Average Quality #1 #2 #3 #4 #5 #6 #7 CUR PRV F WR 100 B 610 - - 610 630 610 - 615 637 WR 100 B 428 - 423 421 418 422 449 427 434 PB 100% 425 - 417 415 415 416 440 421 433 PB 5% 420 - 412 410 410 411 435 416 429 WR 5% 418 - 413 412 408 413 439 417 424 WR 10% 415 - - 409 - 410 - 411 418 WR 15% 412 - - 407 - 406 - 408 415 WR 25% 410 - - - - 404 - 407 414 WR 35% - - - - - - - - - A1 SUP - - - - - - - - - A1 SPEC - - - - - - - - - Exchange rate: 32.57 baht= U.S. $1.00 Source: Average actual prices received from exporters Export prices of all grades of rice decreased 2-3 percent due mainly to a further weakening of the Thai baht to 32.57 baht/U.S. $1.00 from the previous week’s exchange rate of 31.97 baht/U.S. -
“My Face Burned As If on Fire” Unlawful Use of Force by Thailand’S Police During Public Assemblies
“MY FACE BURNED AS IF ON FIRE” UNLAWFUL USE OF FORCE BY THAILAND’S POLICE DURING PUBLIC ASSEMBLIES Amnesty International is a movement of 10 million people which mobilizes the humanity in everyone and campaigns for change so we can all enjoy our human rights. Our vision is of a world where those in power keep their promises, respect international law and are held to account. We are independent of any government, political ideology, economic interest or religion and are funded mainly by our membership and individual donations. We believe that acting in solidarity and compassion with people everywhere can change our societies for the better. © Amnesty International 2021 Cover photo: Police fired water cannon with chemical irritants directly at protesters on 16 October 2020 Except where otherwise noted, content in this document is licensed under a Creative Commons © MobData Thailand (attribution, non-commercial, no derivatives, international 4.0) licence. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode For more information please visit the permissions page on our website: www.amnesty.org Where material is attributed to a copyright owner other than Amnesty International this material is not subject to the Creative Commons licence. First published in July 2021 by Amnesty International Ltd Peter Benenson House, 1 Easton Street London WC1X 0DW, UK Index: ASA 39/4356/2021 Original language: English amnesty.org CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 6 1. BACKGROUND 10 THE 2014 COUP: A LEGACY OF REPRESSION 10 THAILAND’S YOUTH MOVEMENT 12 2. POLICING OF PUBLIC ASSEMBLIES 15 UNLAWFUL USE OF WATER CANNONS AND CHEMICAL IRRITANTS 15 #16OCTGOTOPATHUMWANINTERSECTION 16 #RATSADONSARN (PEOPLE’S MESSAGE) 18 #MOB17NOV #ICOMMANDYOUTOSTAYUNDERTHECONSTITUTION 19 #MOB28FEB #MOBWITHOUTLEADERS 24 EFFECTS OF CHEMICAL IRRITANTS 25 EXCESSIVE USE OF FORCE AGAINST PROTESTERS AND UNLAWFUL USE OF BATONS BY POLICE 27 PREVENTION OF VIOLENCE AGAINST PROTESTERS BY THIRD PARTIES 28 UNLAWFUL USE OF RUBBER BULLETS 30 LACK OF VISIBLE IDENTIFICATION OF LAW ENFORCEMENT OFFICIALS 32 3. -
Thailand Under the ASEAN–China Free Trade Area (ACFTA)
IOSR Journal of Business and Management (IOSR-JBM) e-ISSN: 2278-487X, p-ISSN: 2319-7668. Volume 19, Issue 5. Ver. V. (May. 2017), PP 22-27 www.iosrjournals.org The economic strategic cooperation between China –Thailand under the ASEAN–China Free Trade Area (ACFTA). In case of the situation between China –Thailand and the opportunities of Thailand after ACFTA completed. Orathip Praisakuldecha (School of Business Administration,South China University of Technology,Guangzhou510640,Guangdong, China) Abstract: China—ASEAN Free Trade Area is the arrangement for a free trade area (FTA) agreement between ASEAN and China that was designed to turn competition into complementation for the benefits of both sides such as trade relation, promote international trade and the implementation of zero tariff for import and export .This paper probes into the problems exist after CAFTA for Thailand , the present situation of Thailand that come from CAFTA and the opportunities of Thailand for trade sector, investment sector and finance sector.And, advancing some suggestion for solving the problems. Key words: Thailand; China—ASEAN Free Trade Area; tariff; Tax; economic and trade I. Introduction The background of economic relation between China –Thailand. China –Thailand have a long time connection , In the past since Western Han dynasty and more pronounced in Sukhothai Kingdom and Ayutthaya Kingdom .There are trade between s counties, diplomatic connection ,and Thai also received a technology to make a earthenware from China .In 1930-1950 ,Chinese people from Southern of China are immigrate to Thailand for building a new life and harmony living with Thai people . So, Thai and Chinese are closely relationship that have 7000 Oversea Chinese in Thailand about 14% of Thai people and about 1.7% of oversea Chinese around the world. -
Framing the Violence in Southern Thailand: Three Waves Of
FRAMING THE VIOLENCE IN SOUTHERN THAILAND: THREE WAVES OF MALAY-MUSLIM SEPARATISM A thesis presented to the faculty of the Center for International Studies of Ohio University In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Master of Arts Sara A. Jones June 2007 This thesis entitled FRAMING THE VIOLENCE IN SOUTHERN THAILAND: THREE WAVES OF MALAY-MUSLIM SEPARATISM by SARA A. JONES has been approved for the Center for International Studies by Elizabeth Fuller Collins Associate Professor of Classics and World Religions Drew O. McDaniel Interim Director, Center for International Studies Abstract JONES, SARA A., M.A., June 2007, Southeast Asian Studies FRAMING THE VIOLENCE IN SOUTHERN THAILAND: THREE WAVES OF MALAY-MUSLIM SEPARATISM (130 pp.) Director of Thesis: Elizabeth Fuller Collins This thesis examines how the Thai newspaper, The Nation (an English-language daily), portrays the violence in the Malay-Muslim South through the use of agenda- setting concepts and framing analyses in articles published about four events in 2004. Two of the events are examples of state aggression against southern insurgents whereas the other two are instances in which southern insurgents were the primary aggressors against the state and/or citizens. The history of the Malay-Muslim dominant provinces is reviewed, showing how the separatist movement has evolved into three distinct waves. The original secessionist movements focused on ethnic Malay identity; over time elements of Islamist ideology were introduced such that the current movement is not recognizably a separatist or Islamist movement. This thesis also includes a short analysis of articles published in Matichon sutsapd, a Thai-language weekly, and shows how Malay-Muslim Thais in the South demand justice. -
THAILAND MIGRATION REPORT 2011 Edited by Jerrold W
THAILAND MIGRATION REPORT 2011 edited by Jerrold W. Huguet Aphichat Chamratrithirong International Organization for Migration International Labour Organization United Nations Development Programme United Nations Population Fund United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees World Health Organization United Nations Children’s Fund United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime United Nations Entity for Gender Equality and the Empowerment of Women Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights International Telecommunication Union World Bank United Nations Country Team in Thailand Migration for development in Thailand: Overview and tools for policymakers edited by Jerrold W. Huguet Aphichat Chamratrithirong CoverPhotos: Top left: Martine Perret (UN), Centre top: Claudia Natali (IOM), Top right: Daniel Tshin (UNDP) Foreword Centre right: Chris Lom (IOM) Bottom left & right: Labour Rights Promotion Network Thailand Migration Report 2011 - the third in a series which started in 2005 - is the product of a collaborative effort between member agencies of the United Nations Thematic Working Group on Migration in Thailand, under the leadership of the International Organization for Migration. Like its predecessors, it aims to provide policymakers, practitioners and academia with current information on migration trends and patterns in Thailand, together with relevant policy developments. The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this report do not imply the expression of In addition to its standard features, this new volume focuses on “Migration for development in Thailand: any opinion whatsoever on the part of the United Nations or the International Organization for Migration overview and tools for policymakers”. This theme has been high on the United Nations and government concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the agendas in recent years, as the world increasingly recognizes that migration can be a key driver for delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. -
Population Growth in Thailand
Ul11 v ulalllua Field Staff THIS FIELDSTAFF REPORT is one of a continuing series on international affairs and major global issues of our time. All Reports in the series are prepared by The writers who are full-time Associates of the Field Staff, spending long periods abroad and returning to the American United States periodically to lecture on the campuses of the universities and colleges that sponsor the American Universities Universities Field Staff. Field Staff Associates of the Field Staff are chosen for their ability to cut across the boundaries of the academic disciplines in order to study societies in their totality, and for their skill in collecting, reporting, and evaluating data. They combine long personal observations with scholarly studies relating to their geographic areas of interest. The American Universities Field Staff, Inc., was founded in 1951 as a nonprofit educational organization. Fieldstaff Reports have for twenty years reached a group of readers - both academic and nonacademic - who find them extraordinarily useful as a source of firsthand observations of political, economic, and social trends in foreign countries. In the 1970s, the Field Staff is undertaking a long-term program to scrutinize and report on man's response to the disturbing effect of modernization on his value systems. Studies of problems related to population growth and of problems associated with the institution of education will be published from time to time as Fieldstaff Reports. The Reports related to population growth are the product of a joint project of the American Universities Field Staff and the California lnstitute of Technology. Under the latter's spon- sorship, the project is engaged in a comparative study of the social and political matrices in which population problems occur. -
Ethnic Violence in Southern Thailand: the Anomaly of Satun
Calhoun: The NPS Institutional Archive Theses and Dissertations Thesis Collection 2012-06 Ethnic Violence in Southern Thailand: the Anomaly of Satun Conlon, Kevin T. Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School http://hdl.handle.net/10945/7323 NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY, CALIFORNIA THESIS ETHNIC VIOLENCE IN SOUTHERN THAILAND: THE ANOMALY OF SATUN by Kevin T. Conlon June 2012 Thesis Advisor: Michael Malley Second Reader: Sandra Leavitt Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE Form Approved OMB No. 0704–0188 Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instruction, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to Washington headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 22202–4302, and to the Office of Management and Budget, Paperwork Reduction Project (0704–0188) Washington DC 20503. 1. AGENCY USE ONLY (Leave blank) 2. REPORT DATE 3. REPORT TYPE AND DATES COVERED June 2012 Master’s Thesis 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE Ethnic Violence in Southern Thailand: The Anomaly 5. FUNDING NUMBERS of Satun 6. AUTHOR(S) Kevin T. Conlon 7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 8. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION Naval Postgraduate School REPORT NUMBER Monterey, CA 93943–5000 9. SPONSORING /MONITORING AGENCY NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) 10. SPONSORING/MONITORING N/A AGENCY REPORT NUMBER 11. -
The Kingdom of Thailand Health System Review
Health Systems in Transition Vol. 5 No. 5 2015 The Kingdom of Thailand Health System Review Written by: Pongpisut Jongudomsuk, National Health Security Office, Nonthaburi, Thailand Samrit Srithamrongsawat, National Health Security Office, Nonthaburi, Thailand Walaiporn Patcharanarumol, International Health Policy Program, Nonthaburi, Thailand Supon Limwattananon, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand Supasit Pannarunothai, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand Patama Vapatanavong, Institute for Population and Social Research, Mahidol University, Nakorn Prathom, Thailand Krisada Sawaengdee, International Health Policy Program, Nonthaburi, Thailand Pinij Fahamnuaypol, Health Information Systems Development Office, Nonthaburi, Thailand Editor: Viroj Tangcharoensathien, International Health Policy Program, Ministry of Public Health, Nonthaburi, Thailand Asia Pacific Observatory on Health Systems and Policies i WHO Library Cataloguing in Publication Data The Kingdom of Thailand health system review (Health Systems in Transition, Vol. 5 No. 5 2015) 1. Delivery of healthcare. 2. Health care economics and organization. 3. Health care reform. 4. Health system plans – organization and administration. 5. Thailand. I. Asia Pacific Observatory on Health Systems and Policies. II. World Health Organization Regional Office for the Western Pacific. ISBN 978 92 9061 713 6 (NLM Classification: WA 540 JT3) © World Health Organization 2015 (on behalf of the Asia Pacific Observatory on Health Systems and Policies) All rights reserved. Publications of the World Health Organization can be obtained from WHO Press, World Health Organization, 20 Avenue Appia, 1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland (tel.: +41 22 791 3264; fax: +41 22 791 4857; e-mail: [email protected]). Requests for permission to reproduce or translate WHO publications – whether for sale or for noncommercial distribution – should be addressed through the WHO website (www.who.int/about/licensing/copyright_form/en/index.html).