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1 8.201001 COMPLETE NATIONAL OF THE WORLD: 2013 EDITION ORCHESTRATED BY PETER BREINER SLOVAK RADIO ORCHESTRA • SLOVAK PHILHARMONIC, KOŠICE* PETER BREINER, CONDUCTOR When I started arranging and recording national anthems some 17 years ago, nobody expected the project would become so big and popular. In the meantime, it has been an important part of two Summer Olympics and numerous other sporting, cultural and social events. It’s hard to imagine the amount of time and work that has been invested into this endeavour, and it could not have been done without the incredible efforts and expertise of several experts, all the , but mainly without the extraordinary recording team that has been involved in this project from its beginning – sound engineer Otto Nopp and Ladislav Krajcovic. This is an extraordinary project and any other existing anthem collection does not come close, in completeness, quality of the research or the size of the orchestral forces used. Every time this is updated and released, the reactions are always overwhelming - from uncountable press articles and radio/TV shows all the way to special archbishops’ blessings. I hope this latest version, with its unprecedented number of anthems, will be no less appreciated. Peter Breiner

National anthems tell the story of the , its hopes, its dreams, its goals, its struggles and its history. To learn a country’s is to get a deeper knowledge of the country, and knowledge of other is the first step towards cooperation and understanding between peoples. National anthems, as we know them today, started in as praises to the ruler. In time, with European exploration and colonialism, this concept spread around the world to the point that every on earth now has a national anthem, despite there being absolutely no requirement to create one. National anthems are used to greet foreign dignitaries, to celebrate victory and achievements, and to rally citizens. In times of foreign occupation, national anthems have been used as a source of comfort and hope that their land will once again be free. I first started studying national anthems in the early 1990s. The sources available for the study of national anthems (a study I have termed “anthematology”) were sparse at the time; writing to embassies and connecting with other anthematologists led me to delve deeper into this field, until I eventually created what is now www.nationalanthems.info to share what I have learned with the world. I would like to thank other anthematologists like Erwin Hoheisel and Zach Harden, as well as every single person who has contributed information for national anthems information to aid in the learning of other cultures. As well, I would like to thank Peter Briener for his passion for the of the nations, and Jules Hammond and Klaus Heymann at Naxos Music for their supervision of this project. I encourage the listeners of this CD set to visit www.nationalanthems.info to learn more about these short, but informational, windows into the of the world. David Kendall *The Slovak State Philharmonic, Košice plays on the following tracks: CD 1: Tracks 1, 3, 4, 8, 12, 43. CD 2: Tracks 4, 5, 6, 8, 11, 17, 22, 44. CD 3: Tracks 19, 20, 23, 42, 43. CD 4: Tracks 4, 11. CD 5: Tracks 1, 2, 21, 23, 25, 33, 35, 36, 37, 45, 49, 50. CD 6: Tracks 19, 21, 35, 36, 38, 40, 45. CD 7: Tracks 4, 10, 21, 31, 42. CD 8: Tracks 4, 7, 14, 15, 22, 27, 42, 45. CD 9: Tracks 1, 6, 8, 17, 18, 19, 25, 40, 44, 48, 49. CD 10: Tracks 4, 36. Note: The Olympic versions included in this set are versions shortened and approved by the IOC. 8.201001 2 CD 1 as the new anthem and by the in exile during the rule of the . [1] ABKHAZIA: ”Aiaaira” [Victory] Words by: Gennady Alamia [7] (FORMER ANTHEM): Music by: Valera Çkaduwa “Soroud-e-Melli [National Anthem] The anthem of this separatist Words by: Suleiman Laeq region of was written by Music by: Jalīl Ghahlānd the leader of one of the national In use: 1978-1992 parties, who is also a poet. This was Afghanistan’s anthem during the time of Communist [2] ACADIA: “Ave Maris Stella” rule of the country. [Star of the Sea, We Hail Thee] Words by: unknown [8] : “Let Us All Unite and Music by: unknown Celebrate Together” A Catholic from at least Words by: unknown the 8th century, it was approved Music by: Arthur Mudogo Kemoli as the anthem of predominately The anthem of the OAU (predecessor Catholic Acadia in 1884. of the AU) was selected as part of a contest in 1986, and was retained as [3] [4] AFGHANISTAN: “Milli Surood” the AU’s anthem in 2003. [National Anthem] Words by: Abdul Bari Jahani [9] ÅLAND ISLANDS: “Ålänningens sång” Music by: Babrak Wasa [ of the Ålanders] The Afghanistan anthem, Words by: John Grandell adopted with the new Music by: Johan Fridolf Hagfors constitution in 2004, mentions The Åland islands are an several of the different nationalities in the autonomous part of , yet country. they are Swedish speaking, and the anthem’s are in Swedish. [5] [6] AFGHANISTAN (FORMER ANTHEM): “Soroud-e-Melli” [National Anthem] [10] : “Hymni i Flamurit” Words by: unknown [Hymn to the ] Music by: Ustad Qasim Words by: Aleksander Stavre Drenova In use: 1992-2006 (1999-2002 in exile) Music by: Ciprian Porumbescu A Mujahedin battle song In use since 1912, the music of composed in 1919 was used this anthem was written by a 8.201001 2 3 8.201001 Romanian who also wrote the anthem used in Andorra’s history is presented in from 1977-1990. a first-person narrative style, with the speaker as Andorra [11] [12] [13] : “” personified, in its national anthem. [We Pledge] Words by: Mufdi Zakariah [21] : “” Music by: Mohamed Fawzi [Forward, Angola] The lyrics, written while the Words by: Manuel Rui Alves Monteiro author was in jail fighting for Music by: Rui Alberto Vieira Dias Mingao independence against the The anthem makes reference to French, were put to music by an Egyptian. important dates and events in the ruling party’s history; multi- [14] [15] : party elections may change this in the future. "" Words by: Mariota Tiumalu Tuiasosopo [22] : “God Bless Anguilla” Music by: Andrew Tuiteleleapaga Words by: Alex Richardson “Amerika Samoa”, written in Music by: Alex Richardson the Samoan language, Anguilla’s territorial anthem functions as a local anthem was adopted in 1981, around for this American island territory in the South the time that it became a Pacific. separate British .

[16] [17] [18] AMERICAN VIRGIN ISLANDS: [23] ANTIGUA AND : “” “Fair Antigua, We Thee” Words by: public contribution Words by: Novelle Hamilton Richards Music by: Alton Augustus Adams, Sr. Music by: Walter Garnet Picart Chambers The music style of this anthem In use since 1967, the lyrics resembles the patriotic marches were slightly changed upon full in the style of John Philip Sousa, independence in 1981. popular in the . [24] [25] : “Himno Nacional [19] [20] ANDORRA: “El Gran Carlemany” Argentino” [Argentine National Anthem] [The Great ] Words by: Vicente López y Planes Words by: Joan Benlloch i Vivó Music by: José Blas Parera Music by: Enric Marfany Bons After viewing a play that had a made-up anthem for Argentina

8.201001 4 in it, the lyricist of this piece decided to create a the existing anthem, “” real anthem for Argentina. was kept as the royal anthem.

[26] ARMENIA: “Mer Hayrenik” [31] [32] : [Our Fatherland] “Bundeshymne” [Federal Hymn] Words by: Mikael Nalbandian Words by: Paula von Preradović Music by: Barsegh Kanachyan Music by: Johann Holzer or Wolfgang Mozart The melody of the anthem dates This melody appears in some of from a 19th century Turkish Mozart’s work written for his Masonic vocal exercise for singers. lodge, but several scholars claim it was written by a different member. [27] ARUBA: “Aruba Dush Tera” [Aruba Precious Country] [33] [34] AZERBAIJAN: Words by: Juan Chabaya ‘Padu’ Lampe “Azerbaijan Marsi” [March of Azerbaijan] Music by: Rufo Inocencio Wever Words by: Ahmed Javad This Dutch colony adopted its Music by: anthem, which is in the style of a When Azerbaijan became waltz, in 1986 as its territorial independent from the Soviet anthem. Union, it reinstated the anthem that was briefl y in use before the Soviet takeover. [28] [29] (National): “” [35] AZORES: “Hino dos Açores” Words by: Peter Dodds McCormick [Hymn of the Azores] Music by: Peter Dodds McCormick Words by: Natália de Oliveira Correia Written in the late 19th Music by: Joaquim Lima century, it was composed The anthem was written in the when the author attended a 1890s when autonomous concert on the world’s anthems and there was movements were growing, and none for Australia. has been used continuously since then.

[30] AUSTRALIA (Royal): [36] [37] BAHAMAS: “God Save the Queen” “March on Bahamaland” Words by: unknown Words by: Timothy Gibson Music by: unknown Music by: Timothy Gibson When Australians voted to adopt a This anthem was the winning unique national anthem in 1984, entry in a national competition 8.201001 4 5 8.201001 for an anthem, and was adopted upon [43] BASHKORTOSTAN: “Başgortostan independence in 1973. Respublikahynyň Däwlät himny” [National Anthem of the Republic of Bashkortostan] [38] BAHRAIN: “Bahrainona” [Our Bahrain] Words by: Ravilya Bikbaeva and Raşita Words by: unknown Şakura (Bashkir), Farita Idrisova and Svetlanî Music by: unknown Çuraevoy (Russian) Bahrain’s anthem is similar to Music by: Farita Idrisova others in the Arab region: short, A republic within , the and essentially consisting of a music is a piece called “The fanfare and fl ourish. Republic”. Lyrics were written fi rst in Bashkir, then later in Russian. [39] : “Amar Shonar Bangla” [My Golden ] [44] BASQUE COUNTRY: “Eusko Words by: Abendaren Ereserkia” [Anthem of the Music by: Rabindranath Tagore Basque Ethnicity] A work of Nobel Laureate Music by: traditional, arranged by Cleto Zabala Rabindranath Tagore was selected The music is an old folk tune as the Bangladesh anthem; which the lyrics (no longer used a different piece also by Tagore. offi cially used, the anthem is offi cially wordless) were written to be sung to. [40] [41] (National): Barbados National Anthem [45] : “Für Bayern” [For Bavaria] Words by: Irving Burgie Words by: Michael Öchsner Music by: C. Van Roland Edwards Music by: Konrad Max Kunz The lyrics of this anthem were The melody of this anthem written by a USC music scholar; was written by a professor at the of the music was the Munich Conservatorium partly blind at the time the anthem was written. and leader of the royal at the royal .

[42] BARBADOS (Royal): [46] [47] : “Dziaržaŭny himn “God Save the Queen” Respubliki Biełaruś” [State Anthem of the Words by: unknown Republic of Belarus] Music by: unknown Words by: Mikhas Klimkovich and Uladzimir Barbados, like other Commonwealth Karyzna countries, use “God Save the Queen” Music by: Nester Sakalouski to honour the Queen as the . 8.201001 6 The melody is the same as (as Dahomey), and retained when the name when Belarus was part of was adopted for the country in 1975. the ; a decade after independence from the USSR, new lyrics [5] [6] (Local): “” were written. Words by: Bette Johns Music by: Bette Johns (?) "Hail to Bermuda" is Bermuda's CD 2 local anthem, used in local events and at sporting events [1] : “La Brabançonne” when competing against other British territories. [The Song of Brabant] Words by: Louis-Alexandre Dechet (French), [7] BERMUDA (National): Victor Ceulemans (Dutch) “God Save the Queen” Music by: François van Campenhout Words by: unknown Written in 1830 during the Music by: unknown independence struggle against As a territory of the United the Dutch, the original lyrics were Kingdom, the British national in French; Dutch and German anthem is used as the official came later. national anthem in Bermuda.

[2] [3] BELIZE: “Land of the Free” [8] [9] BHUTAN: “Druk tsendhen” Words by: Samuel Alfred Haynes [The Thunder Dragon Kingdom] Music by: Selwyn Walford Young Words by: Gyaldun Dasho Thinley Dorji The anthem was written by a Music by: Aku Tongmi Belize citizen who was involved The anthem is based on a local in movements encouraging folksong that has choreography, Belizian identity and removing racial making this possibly the only discrimination. anthem based on a choreographical work.

[4] BENIN: “L’Aube Nouvelle” [10] : “Canción Patriótica” [The Dawn of a New Day] [Patriotic Song] Words by: Gilbert Jean Dagnon Words by: José Ignacio de Sanjinés Music by: Gilbert Jean Dagnon Music by: Leopoldo Benedetto Vincenti This anthem has been in use This anthem is similar to others since independence in 1960 in Central and in

8.201001 6 7 8.201001 having a grand “epic” nature to the music. It [15] : was composed by an Italian. “Fatshe leno la rona” [Our Land] Words by: Kgalemang Tumedisco Motsete [11] BONAIRE: “Tera di Solo y Suave Music by: Kgalemang Tumedisco Motsete Biento” [Land of the Sun and Soft Breeze] The lyrics and music were Words by: Hubert Obdulio “Lio” Booi both written by Kgalemang Music by: J. B. A. Palm Tumedisco Motsete and was Part of the Antilles adopted upon independence in 1966. until its dissolution in 2010, this anthem was used as the [16] [17] [18] : “Hino Nacional anthem for the Netherlands Antilles from 1964- Brasilerio” [Brazilian National Anthem] 2000. Words by: Joaquim Osório Duque Estrada Music by: Francisco Manoel da Silva [12] [13] BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA: First performed in 1831 during “Drž avna himna Bosne i Hercegovine” the imperial era, words were [The National Anthem of Bosnia and fi nally adopted for it in 1922, after Herzegovina] several years of individual states using their Words by: Dušan Šestić and Benjamin Isović own words. Music by: Dušan Šestić Adopted in 1999 and written [19] BRITISH INDIAN OCEAN TERRITORY: as a purely musical piece “God Save the Queen” entitled “Intermecco”, lyrics Words by: unknown were written in 2009 but remain unoffi cial. Music by: unknown Containing Diego Garcia, a US [14] BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA (FORMER Naval base, the archipelago ANTHEM): “Jedna si jedina” [You Are One is under the sovereignty of and Only] the UK, and offi cially uses their anthem. Words by: Edin Dervišhalidović Music by: traditional [20] : In use: 1992-1999 “God Save the Queen” The melody was taken Words by: unknown from a Bosnian folk song, Music by: unknown the words written by a This UK territory uses the singer. Many Bosniaks still use British anthem as its offi cial this as their anthem. national anthem; a local

8.201001 8 anthem was adopted in 2012, after press time for Music by: Marc Barengayabo this edition of the National Anthems collection. The lyrics were written collectively by a group led by Jean-Baptiste [21] BRUNEI : “Allah Peliharakan Sultan” Ntahokaja, a Catholic priest. The [God Bless His Majesty] music is by Marc Barengayabo. Words by: Pengiran Haji Mohamed Yusuf bin Abdul Rahim [28] [29] CAMBODIA: Music by: Awang Haji Besar bin Sagap “Nokoreach” [Royal Kingdom] The anthem was written in Words by: Chuon Nat 1947, almost 40 years before Music by: F. Perruchot and J. Jekyll, based on independence, when a group a Cambodian folk tune of youths decided Brunei should have a national As the anthem associated with anthem. the monarchy, it was in use until the monarchy was deposed in [22] [23] : 1970, and restored upon its return in 1993. “” [Dear ] Words by: Tsvetan Tsvetkov Radoslavov [30] : “Ô Cameroun, Berceau Music by: Tsvetan Tsvetkov Radoslavov de nos Ancêstres” / “O Cameroon, Cradle A Bulgarian student wrote and of our Forefathers” composed the anthem in 1885 Words by: René Djam Afame, Samuel Minkio as he went off to serve in the Bamba, Moïse Nyatte Nko’o (French), Serbo-Bulgarian War. Dr Benard Nsokika Fonlon (English) Music by: René Djam Afame [24] [25] BURKINA FASO: A French/English bilingual “Le Ditanye” [Anthem of the Victory] country, the lyrics are not a Words by: Thomas Sankara direct of each other, Music by: Thomas Sankara (?) but are unique in each language. President Thomas Sankara, who was an enthusiastic guitarist in a [31] [32] [33] (National): jazz , wrote the lyrics, and “” probably the music of the anthem. Words by: Adolphe-Basile Routhier (French), (English) [26] [27] : “Burundi Bwâcu” Music by: Calixa Lavallee [Our Beloved Burundi] Composed in 1880 to an Words by: Jean-Baptiste Ntahokaja existing French-language

8.201001 8 9 8.201001 poem, the English lyrics have undergone several [39] [40] (Local): revisions before offi cial adoption in 1980. “Beloved Isles Cayman” Words by: Leila E. Ross [34] CANADA (Royal): “God Save the Queen” Music by: Leila E. Ross Words by: unknown A British colony, its local anthem Music by: unknown was written by Leila Ross-Shier, Used as Canada’s offi cial national a church organist, in 1930. anthem until 1980, it is used today to salute the . French [41] CAYMAN ISLANDS (National): lyrics also exist for the tune. “God Save the Queen” Words by: unknown [35] CANARY ISLANDS: “Himno de Music by: unknown Canarias” [Anthem of the Canary Islands] As a territory of the United Words by: Benito Cabrera Hernandez Kingdom, the British national Music by: Teobaldo Power y Lugo-Vina anthem is used as the offi cial Adopted in 2003, the song is national anthem in the Cayman Islands. an adaptation of a local folk song called “Arrorró” [Lullaby] [42] : “” [The Renaissance] [36] [37] : “Cântico da Words by: Barthélémy Boganda Liberdade” [Song of Freedom] Music by: Herbert Pepper Words by: Amilcar Spencer Lopes Composed by a French Music by: Adalberto Higino Tavares Silva musicologist who went to the For the fi rst 20 years of country to study the local music, independence, Cape Verde he also composed the music for ’s shared an anthem with - anthem. Bissau. In 1996, it adopted its own anthem. [43] : “La Tchadienne” [38] : Words by: Louis Gidrol and students at St. “” [The Reapers] Paul’s School Words by: Emili Guanyavents Music by: Paul Villard Music by: Francesc Alió Adopted upon independence in The melody, composed in 1892, 1960, the lyrics were written by was adopted from a previously Chadian Louis Gidrol existing song. The lyrics recall and his students at St. Paul’s School. The Reapers’ War, an important battle. 8.201001 10 [44] CHECHEN REPUBLIC OF ICHKERIA: [3] , PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF: “Joƶalla ya marşo” [Death or Freedom] “Yìyǒngjūn Jìnxíngqǔ” [The March of the Words by: Abuzar Aidamirov Volunteers] Music by: Ali Dimaev Words by: Used by the separatist Chechen Music by: government in exile, the song First written for the 1935 movie was fi rst written for the play “Sons and Daughters in a Time “The Land of Our Fathers”. of Storm”, it speaks of Chinese courage and bravery in the face of aggression. [45] CHECHNYA: “Шатлакхан Илли” [The Shatlak’s Song] [4] CHRISTMAS ISLAND: Words by: Mahash Vozdingov and Hoz-Ahmed “Advance Australia Fair” Kadyrov Words by: Peter Dodds McCormick Music by: Umar Biksultanov Music by: Peter Dodds McCormick Upon Russian control of the Christmas Island is a sparsely Chechen government, a contest inhabited Australian territory, was held for a new national and uses the national anthem anthem, the winning submission was adopted of its parent nation. in 2004. [5] COCOS (KEELING) ISLANDS: “Advance Australia Fair” CD 3 Words by: Peter Dodds McCormick Music by: Peter Dodds McCormick [1] [2] CHILE: “Himno Nacional de Chile” The Cocos (Keeling) Islands [National Anthem of Chile] are an Australian island Words by: Eusebio Lillo Robles and Bernardo territory in the Indian Ocean. de Vera y Pintado It uses the anthem of Australia as its anthem. Music by: Ramón Carnicer y Battle The chorus from Chile’s fi rst [6] [7] : “Himno Nacional de la anthem (deemed too anti- República de Colombia” [National Anthem Spanish) was retained for this of the Republic of Colombia] new one, adopted in 1828. Words by: Rafael Núñez Music by: Oreste Sindici Once the lyrics were written (by a Bogota comedian), he requested

8.201001 10 11 8.201001 of his friend, an Italian opera teacher, to [13] COOK ISLANDS (Local): compose the anthem’s music. “Te Atua Mou E” [To God Almighty] Words by: Tepaeru Te Rito [8] [9] COMOROS: “Udzima wa ya Masiwa” Music by: Thomas Davis [The Union of the Great Islands] The composer of the music Words by: Saïd Hachim Sidi Abdérémane was Prime Minister at the time, Music by: Saïd Hachim Sidi Abdérémane and and was married to the lyricist, Kamildine Abdallah a chief of one of the islands’ tribes. This is the Comoros’ second anthem, a different one having [14] COOK ISLANDS (Royal): been in use from the 1975 “God Save the Queen” independence to 1978. Words by: unknown Music by: unknown [10] CONGO, DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC The Cook Islands have the OF THE (Congo-Kinshasa): “Debout British monarchy as their head Congolaise” [Arise Congolese] of state and use the British Words by: Joseph Lutumba royal anthem as their royal anthem. Music by: Simon-Pierre Boka Di Mpasi Londi Restored after the country’s [15] COSTA RICA: “Himno Nacional de name reverted to Congo from Costa Rica” [Costa Rican National Anthem] Zaire, this is possibly the only Words by: José María Zeledón Brenes anthem that has specifi c soloist and choral parts. Music by: Manuel María Gutiérrez Costa Rica lacked an anthem [11] [12] CONGO, REPUBLIC OF THE until one was composed for the (Congo-Brazzaville): “La Congolaise” occasion of the US and UK Words by: unknown accrediting their diplomatic representatives. Music by: unknown The lyrics of the Congolese [16] CROATIA: “Lijepa naša domovino” anthem, written for the occasion [Our Beautiful Homeland] of independence in 1960, speak Words by: Antun Mihanovic of the importance of national unity. Music by: Josip Runjanin The music, composed a few years after the lyrics, was based on “O sole piu ratto” from Donizetti’s opera “Lucia di Lammermoor”.

8.201001 12 [17] [18] : The music to the anthem was “” [The Bayamo Song] composed by a revivalist Words by: Pedro Figueredo composer of Czech music and Music by: Pedro Figueredo Czech opera; the lyrics from the opera Composed in 1868 during an “Fidlovačka”. uprising against , it was offi cially adopted in 1940 and [25] [26] (National): “Der er et retained even after the 1959 communist yndigt land” [There Is A Lovely Land] revolution. Words by: Adam Gottlob Oehlenschläger Music by: Hans Ernst Krøyer [19] [20] CURAÇAO: On equal status with the royal “Himno di Kòrsou” [Anthem of Curaçao] anthem, it was fi rst performed in Words by: Guillermo Rosario, Mae Henriquez, 1844 for a large gathering of Enrique Muller, Betty Doran Danes, and quickly gained popularity. Music by: Frater Candidus Nowens and Errol “El Toro” Colina [27] DENMARK (Royal): “Kong Christian Like Bonaire, Curaçao’s anthem stod ved højen mast” [King Christian stood was used for the anthem of the by the lofty mast] Netherlands Antilles as a whole Words by: Johannes Ewald until 1964. Music by: unknown Dating back to 1780, “Kong [21] : “Ymnos eis tin Eleftherian” Christian” is legally a co- [Hymn to Freedom] national anthem, but is primarily Words by: Dionysios Solomos used for honouring the King and the Danish Music by: Nikolaos Mantzaros military. On independence, the Greek and Turkish leaders could not [28] : “Jabuuti” [Djibouti] agree upon an anthem, so the Words by: Aden Elmi Greek-led government decided to use the Music by: Abdi Robleh Greek anthem. Adopted on 1977 independence and written in Somali, the lyrics [22] [23] [24] : describe the national fl ag. “Kde domov můj?” [Where Is My Home?] Words by: Josef Kajetán Tyl Music by: Frantisek Jan Škroup

8.201001 12 13 8.201001 [29] [30] : [37] [38] : “Bilady, Bilady, Bilady” “Isle of Beauty, Isle of Splendour” [My Homeland, My Homeland, My Homeland] Words by: Wilfred Oscar Morgan Pond Words by: Younis-al Qadi Music by: Lemuel McPherson Christian Music by: Adopted unoffi cially upon The composer of the anthem achieving statehood in 1967, was a pioneer of music the national song became and a leader of the modern the national anthem upon 1978 independence. Egyptian renaissance in the early 20th century.

[31] [32] DOMINICAN REPUBLIC: [39] [40] EL SALVADOR: “Himno Nacional “Himno Nacional” [National Anthem] de El Salvador” [National Anthem of El Words by: Emilio Prud’homme Salvador] Music by: José Reyés Words by: Juan José Cañas The lyrics never refer to the Music by: Juan Aberle country by its current name, Composed by an Italian instead using the name used by serving as the director of an the original native inhabitants of the island. opera company, the anthem’s music consists of many parts. [33] [34] : “Pátria” [Fatherland] Words by: Fransisco Borja da Costa [41] : “” Music by: Afonso de Araujo Words by: Arthur C. Benson The national anthem was fi rst Music by: used during its brief period of From Elgar’s “Pomp and independence in 1975, and Circumstance March No. 1 in was restored when independence was regained D”, this is also used as an in 2002. unoffi cial English anthem at sporting events.

[35] [36] : “Salve, Oh Patria!” [42] [43] ENGLAND: “” [We Salute You, Our Homeland] Words by: Words by: Juan León Mera Music by: Music by: Antonio Neumane A popular hymn about Jesus The lyrics were written in visiting England as a youth, it’s 1865, and the author later often used as an unoffi cial served as president of the anthem for England at sporting and patriotic Ecuadorean . It was set to music the events following year. 8.201001 14 [44] [45] : [3] [4] : “Whedefit Gesgeshi Words by: Atanasio Ndongo Miyono Woude Henate Ethopia” [March Forward, Music by: Atanasio Ndongo Miyono or Ramiro Dear Mother Ethiopia] Sanchez Lopez Words by: Dereje Melaku Mengesha The national anthem, adopted Music by: Lulu upon independence in 1968, The current national anthem speaks of the joy that the was adopted in 1992 after attainment of independence has brought. the fall of the Marxist regime that toppled the Ethiopian monarchy.

CD 4 [5] : “European Anthem” Music by: Ludwig von Beethoven, arranged by [1] ERITREA: “Ertra, Ertra, Ertra” [Eritrea, Herbert von Karajan Eritrea, Eritrea] Adapted from Beethoven’s Ninth Words by: Solomon Tsehaye Beraki Symphony, commonly set to the Music by: Isaac Abraham Meharezgi and Aron poem “”, the European Tekle Tesfatsion Anthem lacks words officially. Eritrea’s anthem was adopted shortly after winning independence [6] (Local): from Ethiopia in 1993 after a “Song of the Falklands” long war. Words by: Christopher Lanham Music by: Christopher Lanham [2] : “Mu isamaa, mu õnn ja A British teacher working on room” [My Native Land, My Pride and Joy] the islands wrote “Song of the Words by: Johann Voldemar Jannsen Falklands” in the 1930s; it Music by: Friedrich Pacius since gained popularity as an unofficial anthem. The anthem, whose melody is nearly identical to Finland’s, [7] FALKLAND ISLANDS (National): was banned under Soviet rule, “God Save the Queen” but could be heard in broadcasts from Finland. Words by: unknown Music by: unknown Administered by the , the Falkland Islands uses the British anthem as its official national anthem.

8.201001 14 15 8.201001 [8] [9] FAROE ISLANDS: [13] : “Mítt alfagra land” [My Fairest Land] “” [The Song of ] Words by: Símun av Skarði Words by: Claude-Joseph Rouget de Lisle Music by: Peter Alberg Music by: Claude-Joseph Rouget de Lisle The lyrics of the anthem for this One of the most recognized and Danish territory were written in influential anthems in the world, 1906 and the anthem as adopted it also has been used in other in 1948. works, such as the “1812 ”.

[10] : “” / “Meda Dau [14] : Doka” [Let Us Show Pride] “La Marseillaise” [The Song of Marseille] Words by: Michael Francis Alexander Prescott Words by: Claude-Joseph Rouget de Lisle Music by: C. Austin Miles, adapted by Michael Music by: Claude-Joseph Rouget de Lisle Francis Alexander Prescott Most French territories and The melody of the Fijian anthem departments, like French Guiana, was adopted from the hymn do not have their own local “Dwelling in Beulah Land”. anthem, but instead use France’s national anthem. [11] FINLAND: “Maame” / “Vårt land” [Our Land] [15] (Local): Words by: Johan Ludvig Runeberg “Ia Ora ‘O Tahiti Nui” [Long Live Tahiti Nui] Music by: Fredrik Pacius Words by: Maeva Bougues, Irmine Tehei, First performed in 1848, the song Angèle Terorotua, Johanna Nouveau, Patrick has never been officially legislated Amaru, Louis Mamatui and Jean-Pierre Célestin as the national anthem, but has Music by: Maeva Bougues, Irmine Tehei, been used traditionally as such. Angèle Terorotua, Johanna Nouveau, Patrick Amaru, Louis Mamatui and Jean-Pierre Célestin [12] : Written and composed by a “De Vlaamse Leeuw” [The Flemish Lion] group of seven people, they all Words by: Hippoliet Van Peene agreed to give all royalties from Music by: Karel Miry the anthem to the French territory. The anthem, written in 1847, shows influences of German folk [16] FRENCH POLYNESIA (National): from the area. It was "La Marseillaise" [The Song of Marseille] officially adopted in 1973. Words by: Claude-Joseph Rouget de Lisle Music by: Claude-Joseph Rouget de Lisle 8.201001 16 French Polynesia, being part of The melody of this anthem was the French Republic, has the adapted from the traditional French anthem as its offi cial song “Foday Kaba Dumbuya”. national anthem in addition to its local anthem. [22] [23] GEORGIA: “” [Liberty] [17] FRENCH SOUTHERN AND ANTARCTIC Words by: Dawit Magradse LANDS: “La Marseillaise” [The Song of Music by: Zakaria Paliashvili, adapted by Marseille] Joseb Ketschakmadse Words by: Claude-Joseph Rouget de Lisle Adopted in 2004, the music Music by: Claude-Joseph Rouget de Lisle was taken from two different Consisting of nearly uninhabited Georgian , “Abselom islands and a slice of Antarctica, da Eteri” and “Daisi”, both by Zakaria Paliashvili. this French territory, like most others, uses the French anthem. [24] GEORGIA (FORMER ANTHEM): “” [Praise] [18] FRISIA: Words by: Kote Potskhverashvili “It Fryske Folksliet: [The Frisian Folksong] Music by: Kote Potskhverashvili The lyrics, written in the early In use: 1991-2004 1800s, were paired with First used in the short-lived Heinrich Christian Schnoor’s pre-Soviet independence “Vom hoh’n Olymp” to make the Frisian anthem. period, it was readopted after the fall of the Soviet Union. [19] [20] : “” Words by: Georges Aleka Damas [25] : “Lied der Deutschen” Music by: Georges Aleka Damas [Song of the Germans] The composer of the anthem Words by: August Heinrich Hoffmann von was actively involved in Gabonese Fallersleben politics and in the formation of Music by: labour unions. The melody was composed by Haydn in 1797 as the Austrian [21] GAMBIA: imperial anthem, the text was “For , Our Homeland” written in 1841 before a united Germany emerged. Words by: Julie Howe Music by: traditional, adapted by Jeremy Frederick Howe

8.201001 16 17 8.201001 [26] : [32] : “Nunarput “God Bless Our Homeland Ghana” utoqqarsuanngoravit” [Our Country, Who’s Words by: unknown Become So Old] Music by: Philip Gbeho Words by: Henrik Lund Adopted on independence in Music by: Jonathan Petersen 1957, the lyrics were changed Written and composed by two in 1960 when a republic was Danes, it was adopted in 1916 declared, and in 1966, upon a change in as the local anthem, well before government. autonomy within Denmark was granted in 1979.

[27] : “Gibraltar Anthem” [33] : “” Words by: Peter Emberley Words by: Irva Merle Baptiste Music by: Peter Emberley Music by: Louis Arnold Masanto The anthem was chosen as The national motto, “Ever the local anthem of this British Conscious of God We Aspire, colony in 1994 as a result of Build and Advance as One a competition. People” appear in the lyrics.

[28] [29] [30] : [34] GUADELOUPE: “God Save the Queen” “La Marseillaise” [The Song of Marseille] Words by: unknown Words by: Claude-Joseph Rouget de Lisle Music by: unknown Music by: Claude-Joseph Rouget de Lisle First performed in 1745, it Guadeloupe became an integral has influenced many different part of France in 1946, and does national anthems and has not have a local anthem of its own. been used in the compositions of 140 different . [35] GUAM: “Guam Hymn” / “Fanohge Chamoru” [Stand Ye Guamanians] [31] : “Ymnos eis tin Eleftherian” Words by: Ramon Manalisay Sablan (English), [Hymn to Freedom] Lagrimas Untalan (Chamoru) Words by: Dionysios Solomos Music by: Ramon Manalisay Sablan Music by: Nikolaos Mantzaros Guam’s local anthem, adopted The anthem is taken from the in 1919, is always preceded by first two stanzas of an epic the American anthem on official 158-verse poem, set to music, occasions. inspired by the Greek Revolution of 1821. 8.201001 18 [36] [37] GUATEMALA: “Himno Nacional de [43] GUYANA: “Green Land of Guyana” Guatemala” [National Anthem of Guatemala] Words by: Archibald Leonard Lukerl Words by: José Joaquín Palma Music by: Robert Cyril Gladstone Potter Music by: Rafael Alvarez Ovalle Chosen as the result of a Written as the result of a competition one month before competition, the author of the independence in 1966, the music was decorated with a lyrics extol the nation’s natural beauty and its gold medal for his contribution. people.

[38] [39] GUERNSEY: [44] : “Sarnia Cherie” [Guernsey Dear] “” [The Dessalines Song] Words by: George Deighton Words by: Justin Lhérisson Music by: Domencio Santangelo Music by: Nicolas Geffrard Written in 1911 by a theatre Selected on the occasion of manager, its popularity increased Haiti’s centennial in 1904, the over the years, especially with title honours the nation’s expatriates. founder, Jean-Jacques Dessalines.

[40] GUINEA: “Liberté” [Liberty] [45] [46] HONDURAS: “Himno Nacional de Words by: unknown Honduras” [National Anthem of Honduras] Music by: Fodeba Keita Words by: Augusto Constancio Coello The melody of Guinea’s anthem, Music by: Carlos Hartling adopted upon independence in The history of Honduras, 1958, was possibly based on an from the arrival of Christopher old folk tune. Columbus to independence from Spain, is recalled in the complete lyrics. [41] [42] GUINEA-BISSAU: “Esta é Nossa Pátria Bem Amada” [This Is Our Beloved [47] KONG: “Yìyǒngjūn Jìnxíngqǔ” Country] [The ] Words by: Amilcar Lopes Cabral Words by: Tian Han Music by: Xiao He Music by: Nie Er A Chinese musician offered never had an anthem to compose an anthem, using of its own; as a British colony it African music for inspiration. used the British anthem, and It was adopted upon independence. now as a region of China uses its anthem.

8.201001 18 19 8.201001 [48] [49] : “” [Hymn] [6] [7] : Words by: Ferenc Kölcsey “” [Great Indonesia] Music by: Ferenc Erkel Words by: Wage Rudolf Soepratman Written in 1823, the anthem is set Music by: Wage Rudolf Soepratman in the 17th century when The song fi rst appeared in 1928 Hungary’s territory was divided as the song of the party working between three nations. towards independence from the Dutch.

CD 5 [8] IRAN: “Soroud-e Melli-e Jomhouri-e Eslami-e Iran” [National Anthem of the [1] [2] HUTT RIVER: “It’s A Hard Land” Islamic Republic of Iran] Words by: Keith Kerwin Words by: written collectively Music by: Keith Kerwin Music by: Hassan Riahi The anthem of this micronation The anthem was changed in was commissioned by the nation’s 1990 upon the death of founder of the Australian band Ayatollah Khomeni; the new The Foster Brothers after a TV appearance in anthem was the result of a competition. 1984. [9] [10] IRAQ: “Mawtini” [My Homeland] [3] [4] ICELAND: “Lofsöngur” [Song of Praise] Words by: Ibrahim Touqan Words by: Matthías Jochumsson Music by: Mohammad Flayfel Music by: Sveinbjörn Sveinbjörnsson “Mawtini” is a popular song The lyrics were written by a throughout the , and local pastor based on Psalm 90 was a natural choice for a new as a celebration of the 1000th anthem following the ousting of Saddam Hussein. anniversary of the fi rst Norse settlement. [11] IRAQ (FORMER ANTHEM): [5] INDIA: “Jana-Gana-Mana” [Thou Art The “Ardh Alforatain” [Land of Two Rivers] Ruler of the Minds of All People] Words by: Shafi q Abdul Jabar Al-Kamali Words by: Rabindranath Tagore Music by: Walid Georges Gholmieh Music by: Rabindranath Tagore In use: 1981-2004 The lyrics honour the various The two rivers referenced in the ethnic and cultural groups of song are the Tigris and Euphrates, India; the music is reminiscent of the third verse praised Saddam the style of music native to that country. Hussein’s party. 8.201001 20 [12] : Adopted when became a “Amhrán na bhFiann” [The Soldier’s Song] republic in 1947, it was written Words by: Peadar Kearney (English), Liam Ó 100 years earlier, during the Rinn (Irish) Italian struggle for unifi cation. Music by: Patrick Heeney and Peadar Kearney First appearing in 1912, only [17] : the chorus was adopted as “L’Abidjanaise” [Song of Abidjan] the anthem in 1926. Originally Words by: Mathieu Ekra, Joachim Bony and in English, the more common Irish words came Pierre Marie Coty later. Music by: Pierre Marie Coty and Pierre Michel Pango [13] : “Arrane Ashoonagh Dy When the anthem was adopted Vannin” [Isle of Man National Anthem] in 1960, the capital was Words by: William Henry Gill (English), John J. Abidjan, it has since moved to Kneen (Manx) Yamoussoukro, but Abidjan remains the largest Music by: traditional city. While the lyrics date from the early 20th century, the melody [18] JAMAICA (National): goes back to a traditional “Jamaica, Land We Love” Manx melody from 1770 called “Mylecharaine’s Words by: Hugh Braham Sherlock March” Music by: Robert Charles Lightbourne The music and lyrics of the [14] : “” [The Hope] national anthem were created Words by: separately from each other; Music by: traditional, arranged by Shmuel they were later combined to form the national Cohen anthem. The melody has a long history as a folk song of unknown origin, [19] JAMAICA (Royal): appearing in several European “God Save the Queen” folk songs and . Words by: unknown Music by: unknown [15] [16] ITALY: “” [The Since Queen Elizabeth is the head Song of the Italians] of state of Jamaica, the anthem Words by: Goffredo Mameli “God Save the Queen” is used in Music by: Michele Novaro Jamaica as the royal anthem.

8.201001 20 21 8.201001 [20] JAPAN: disc) and a longer, “full” version for formal “” [His Majesty’s Reign] occasions. Words by: unknown Music by: Hiromori Hayashi [25] : The lyrics first appear in a “Meniñ Qazaqstanım” [My Kazakhstan] collection of poems from the Words by: Zhumeken Nazhimedenov and 10th century. The music reflects Nursultan Nazarbayev the musical chants in the imperial court. Music by: Shamshi Kaldayakov Written in 1958 when [21] : Kazakhstan was part of the “Isle de Siez Nous” / “” Soviet Union, Kazakhstan’s Words by: Gerard Le Feuvre first president modified the lyrics, making him a Music by: Gerard Le Feuvre co-author. The music was inspired by the sounds of Jersey wildlife (the [26] KAZAKHSTAN (FORMER ANTHEM): opening three notes, played two "Qazaqstan Respwblïkasınıñ Memlekettik octaves lower, are the lowing of a Jersey cow) Änuranı" [National Anthem of the Republic of Kazakhstan] [22] JERSEY: Words by: Muzafar Alimbayev, Kadyr Myrzaliyev), “” (“My ”) Tumanbai Moldagaliyev, Zhadyra Daribayeva Words by: Frédéric Bérat Music by: Mukan Tulebayev, Eugeny Music by: Frédéric Bérat Brusilovsky, Latif Khamidi In use: 1836-2008 In use: 1992-2006 Also used in the Normandy Upon independence, Kazakhstan region of France, the anthem continued use of the anthem mentions Normandy and France used while part of the USSR, and is written in French, but does not mention however new lyrics were written. Jersey. [27] [28] : “: [23] [24] JORDAN: “As-salam al-malaki al- [Oh God of All Creation] urdoni” [Long Live the King of Jordan] Words by: Graham Hyslop, Thomas Kalume, Words by: Abdul-Mone’m Al-Rifai’ Peter Kibukosya, Washington Omondi and Music by: Abdul-Qader Al-Taneer George W. Senoga-Zake Jordan has a short version of Music by: traditional, adapted by Graham Hyslop, the anthem (heard on this Thomas Kalume, Peter Kibukosya, Washington

8.201001 22 Omondi and George W. Senoga-Zake [35] : “Europe” The music of the anthem was Music by: Mendi Mengjiqi based on a traditional Kenyan One of the few national anthems folk song, sung by mothers to without lyrics, this may be to their children. avoid favouritism to any one ethnic group. The title pays respect to the EU. [29] [30] KIRIBATI: “Teirake kaini Kiribati” [Stand Up, Kiribati] [36] [37] KURDISTAN: “Ey Reqîb” (Hey Guard) Words by: Urium Tamuera Ioteba Words by: Yunis “Dildar” Rauf Music by: Urium Tamuera Ioteba Music by: unknown Written and composed by Urium Several autonomous Kurdish Tamuera Ioteba, the lyrics are a groups have used the song as plea to the people to love each an anthem since the author other and promote happiness. was jailed in 1938 for his political beliefs.

[31] [32] NORTH : [38] KUWAIT: “Al-Nasheed Al-Watani” “Aegukka” [Patriotic Song] [National Anthem] Words by: Pak Se Yong Words by: Ahmad Mushari Al-Adwani Music by: Kim Won Gyun Music by: Ibrahim Nasir Al-Soula Sharing a title with South Like Jordan, there is a formal Korea’s anthem, it praises the “full” version of the anthem in country rather than the Worker’s addition to the short version Party or any of the leaders. heard here.

[33] [34] : [39] [40] KYRGYZSTAN: “Kyrgyz “” [Patriotic Song] Respublikasynyn Mamlekettik Gimni” Words by: Yun Ch’i-Ho or An Ch’ang-Ho [National Anthem of the Kyrgyz Republic] Music by: Ahn Eaktay Words by: Djamil Sadykov and Eshmambet Originally using the tune of the Kuluev Scottish folk song “Auld Lang Music by: Nasyr Davlesov and Kalyi Syne”, new music was written Moldobasanov in 1937 and adopted by the government in exile. Unlike other post-Soviet Central Asian nations, Kyrgyzstan adopted a new anthem on independence, reminiscent of local music.

8.201001 22 23 8.201001 [41] LAOS: [47] : “Lesotho fatse la ntat’a “Pheng Xat Lao” [Hymn of the Lao People] rona” [Lesotho, Land of our Fathers] Words by: Sisana Sisane Words by: François Coillard Music by: Dr. Thongdy Sounthonevichit Music by: Ferdinand-Samuel Laur First adopted when the Kingdom The melody can be traced to of Laos was created in 1947, the a Swiss song called “Freiheit” lyrics were changed in 1975 [Freedom] from around after the communists deposed the monarchy. 1823; a French missionary wrote the lyrics.

[42] LAPLAND: “Sámi Soga Lávlla” / [48] : “All Hail, Liberia Hail!” “Sää´msooǥǥ laul” / “Säämi suuvâ laavlâ” Words by: Daniel Bashiel Warner [Song of the Sami People] Music by: Olmstead Luca Words by: Isak Saba The words were adopted Music by: Arne Sørli upon the nation’s founding in The anthem of the Sami people 1847, written by its third (the inhabitants of Lapland), the president; the music is from 1860. author of the original poem was the fi rst Sami in the Norwegian legislature. [49] [50] : “Libya, Libya, Libya” Words by: Al Baschir Al Arebi [43] [44] LATVIA: “Dievs, svētī Latviju!” Music by: Mohamad Abdel Wahab [God Bless Latvia] Upon the ouster of the Qaddafi Words by: Kārlis Baumanis regime, the new government Music by: Kārlis Baumanis restored the anthem fi rst introduced “Dievs, svētī Latviju!” was upon independence. the fi rst song to include the word “Latvia” in the lyrics, [51] LIBYA (FORMER ANTHEM): “Allahu written as an act of defi ance against Russia. Akbar” [God Is Greatest] Words by: Mahmoud El-Sherif [45] [46] : [Lebanese National Music by: Abdalla Shams El-Din Anthem] In use: 1969-2011 Words by: Rachid Nakhlé Originally used as a battle song Music by: Wadih Sabra for the Egyptian army, the The composer of the anthem Egyptian origin was no longer was trained in France and the mentioned in Libya after Egypt’s peace with music is a blend of Western and Israel. Eastern styles. 8.201001 24 CD 6 [6] : “Yìyǒngjūn Jìnxíngqǔ” [The March of the Volunteers] [1] : “Oben am jungen Words by: Tian Han Rhein” [High Above the Young Rhine] Music by: Nie Er Words by: Jakob Joseph Jauch Until 1999, Macau was a Music by: unknown Portuguese colony and used its The melody of “God Save the national anthem, as a region of Queen” was popular in it now uses the Chinese anthem. European anthems in the mid 19th century; Liechtenstein retains it to this day. [7] [8] : “Denes Nad Makedonija” [Today Over Macedonia] [2] [3] LITHUANIA: Words by: Vlado Maleski “Tautiška giesmė” [The National Song] Music by: Todor Skalovski Words by: Vincas Kudirka Recalling a Macedonian rebellion Music by: Vincas Kudirka in 1903, the anthem was used While Lithuania was still part of while in Yugoslavia and Czarist Russia, poet Vincas adopted by the Republic of Macedonia in 1991. Kudirka wrote a 50 word poem on Lithuania and set it to music. [9] : “Ry Tanindraza nay malala ô” [Oh, Our Beloved Fatherland] [4] (National): Words by: Vlado Maleski “” [Our ] Music by: Todor Skalovski Words by: Michel Lentz The music, composed by a Music by: Jean-Antoine Zinnen music teacher, was combined The anthem was first performed with lyrics by a local priest to in 1864 in , where the create the anthem in 1959, a year before and rivers meet, independence. these rivers are also mentioned in the anthem. [10] MADEIRA: “Hino da Região Autónoma [5] LUXEMBOURG (Royal): “” da Madeira” [Hymn of the Autonomous Words by: Nikolaus Welter Region of Madeira] Music by: unknown Words by: Ornelas Teixeira Originating in a cavalry fanfare, it Music by: João Victor Costa was first used as a royal anthem Adopted in 1980, this autonomous in 1919, when a royal wedding region of has an anthem inspired lyrics honouring the royals. used for local representation. 8.201001 24 25 8.201001 [11] : “Mulungu dalitsa Malawi” / [16] MALLORCA: “La Balanguera” “Oh God Bless Our Land of Malawi” Words by: Joan Alcover i Maspons Words by: Michael-Fredrick Paul Sauka Music by: Amadeu Vives Music by: Michael-Fredrick Paul Sauka “La Balanguera”, an anthem for With official lyrics in both the entire Balearic Island chain, Chichewa and English, the is based on an ancient anthem resembles other songs Mallorcan children’s song. and anthems in southern . [17] [18] MALTA: [12] : “” [My Country] “L-Innu Malti” [The Hymn of Malta] Words by: collectively, led by Tunku Abdul Words by: Dun Karm Psaila Rahman Music by: Robert Sammut Music by: Pierre Jean de Beranger The lyricist was inspired to write The anthem of the state of a national anthem in the form of was chosen as the a prayer to bind together the anthem of Malaysia in country with the commonality of prayer. 1957, the melody comes from a popular song in the . [19] [20] [21] MARSHALL ISLANDS: “” [13] MALDIVES: “Gaumee Salaam” Words by: Amata Kabua [National Salute] Music by: Amata Kabua Words by: Mohamed Jameel Didi The music and lyrics were Music by: Wannakuwattawaduge Don written by the first president Amaradeva of the islands, who was Originally using the tune of the formerly a school teacher and local chief. Scottish folksong “”, a new tune was created [22] MARTINIQUE: on the occasion of a visit from Queen Elizabeth. “La Marseillaise” [The Song of Marseille] Words by: Claude-Joseph Rouget de Lisle [14] [15] : “” Music by: Claude-Joseph Rouget de Lisle Words by: Seydou Badian Kouyaté As a department of France Music by: Banzoumana Sissoko (situated in the Sea), The music is based on an old folk Martinique has no local anthem, tune, possibly dating from the and uses the French anthem for all occasions. Mali Empire of the 13th century.

8.201001 26 [23] [24] MAURITANIA: [28] [29] MICRONESIA: [National Anthem of Mauritania] “Patriots of Micronesia” Words by: Baba Ould Cheikh Words by: unknown Music by: traditional (arranged by Tolia Music by: unknown Nikiprowetzky) The tune is a German folk tune The often-unused lyrics are from 1820 known as “Gelübde”, from an poem on it also appears in Mahler’s religious unity, the melody was Third Symphony and Brahms’ “Festival Overture”. originally used with the verses. [30] MICRONESIA (FORMER ANTHEM): [25] : “Motherland” “Preamble” Words by: Jean Georges Prosper Words by: unknown Music by: Philippe Gentil Music by: unknown The lyrics were the result of a In use: 1979-1991 national competition; a member The lyrics of Micronesia’s first of the local police band then anthem were largely based set the winning lyrics to music. on the preamble of the Micronesian constitution. [26] MAYOTTE: “La Marseillaise” [The Song of Marseille] [31] : Words by: Claude-Joseph Rouget de Lisle “Limba noastră” [Our Tongue] Music by: Claude-Joseph Rouget de Lisle Words by: Alexei Mateevici Since 2011, Mayotte has Music by: Alexandru Cristea been an integral part of The anthem praises “our France, and was the only language” – the language is Comoro island to remain under French rule. not named in the anthem. The is the same as the [27] : “” . [National Anthem of Mexico] Words by: Francisco González Bocanegra [32] MONACO: “A Marcia de Muneghu” Music by: Jaime Nunó Roca [The March of Monaco] Urged by his fiancée to submit Words by: Louis Notari lyrics in the national anthem Music by: Charles Albrecht contest, one of Mexico’s The anthem’s lyrics, written in leading poets drew inspiration from Mexican 1931, are seldom heard; the piece history. is often performed instrumentally. 8.201001 26 27 8.201001 [33] [34] MONGOLIA: “Mongol ulsyn töriin [39] (National): duulal” [National Anthem of Mongolia] “God Save the Queen” Words by: Tsendiin Damdinsuren Words by: unknown Music by: Bilegiin Damdinsuren and Music by: unknown Luvsanjamts Murjorj Several local patriotic songs The ’s exist in this British Caribbean anthem has been in place island, but for official functions, since 1950 during Communist the British national anthem is used. rule, but the lyrics have changed three times in that period. [40] [41] : “Hymne Chérifien” [Hymn of the Sharif] [35] [36] [37] MONTENEGRO: “Oj, svijetla Words by: Ali Squalli Houssaini majska zoro“ [Oh, Bright Dawn of May] Music by: Léo Morgan Words by: Sekula Drljević Used during the time Morocco Music by: unknown ( based on a was a French protectorate, the harmonization by Zarko Mikovic) music was kept upon 1956 Adopted when Montenegro independence, new lyrics were adopted in 1970. became independent in 2004, the song was well known in [42] : “Pátria Amada” the country as a folk song. [Lovely Fatherland] Words by: Salomão J. Manhiça [38] MONTSERRAT (Local): Music by: unknown “Montserrat My Country” The anthem was adopted in 2002 Words by: Denzil Edgecombe to reflect the new multi-party Music by: Denzil Edgecombe democratic nature of the country. Chosen as the result of a 1995 contest for a national [43] MOZAMBIQUE (FORMER ANTHEM): song, the use of the song has “Viva, Viva a FRELIMO” [Long Live declined since a devastating 1997 volcanic FRELIMO] eruption. Words by: Justino Sigaulane Chemane Music by: Justino Sigaulane Chemane In use: 1975-2002 The lyrics and title praise the political party that brought Mozambique its independence in 1975. 8.201001 28 [44] [45] : “Kaba Ma Kyei” [4] : “Sayaun Thunga Phool Ka” [Till the End of the World, Myanmar] [Hundreds of Flowers] Words by: Saya Tin Words by: Pradeep Kumar Rai Music by: Saya Tin Music by: Ambar Gurung As per custom, singers of the After the monarchy was deposed in anthem give a small bow 2006, the pro-monarchy anthem upon the conclusion of their was replaced with a new one singing as a sign of respect. praising Nepal’s diversity.

[5] NEPAL (FORMER ANTHEM): CD 7 “Ras Triya Gaan” [National Song] Words by: Sri Chakra Pani Chalise [1] NAGORNO-KARABAKH: “Azat u ankakh Music by: Dr AM Pathan or Bakhat Bahadur Artsakh” [Free and Independent Artsakh] Budhapirthi Words by: Vardan Hakobian In use: 1962-2006 Music by: Armen Nassibian Originally written as a salute to the An Armenian area within king, it gradually became the main Azerbaijan, whose government song of the country, in 1962 it was is closely tied with Armenia’s, codifi ed as the national anthem. they use a different anthem for their nation. [6] NETHERLANDS: [2] : “Namibia, Land of the Brave” “Het Wilhelmus” [The William] Words by: Axali Doeseb Words by: Philips van Marnix van Sint Music by: Axali Doeseb Aldegonde (?) After a contest was held to select Music by: unknown a national anthem, the winner Known at least since the 16th was the director of a Kalahari century as a Huguenot melody traditional music group. titled “Charles”, the melody is one of the oldest anthem melodies. [3] NAURU: “Nauru Bwiema” [Song of Nauru] Words by: Margaret Hendrie [7] [8] [9] NETHERLANDS ANTILLES: Music by: Laurence Henry Hicks Words by: Zahira Hiliman (English), Lucille Nauru’s anthem was composed Berry-Haseth (Papiamento) by an Australian squadron leader, Music by: Zahira Hiliman and adopted when independence In use: 2000-2010 was attained from Australia in 1968. 8.201001 28 29 8.201001 A group of Caribbean Dutch [13] (Royal): islands, each island also had its “God Save the Queen” own anthem, which are now Words by: unknown used after the Netherlands Antilles broke up in Music by: unknown 2010. Legally a co-national anthem, it is usually only heard on occasions [10] NEW CALEDONIA (Local): “Soyons where the Queen or members of unis, devenons frères” [Let us be united, the Royal Family are present. Let us become brothers] Words by: Chorale Melodia [14] NEWFOUNDLAND AND LABRADOR: Music by: Chorale Melodia “” The words and melody of this Words by: Charles Cavendish Boyle anthem was composed by Music by: C. Hubert H. Parry seven 10 to 13 year-old girls, The “Ode to Newfoundland” members of a local choral group was composed in 1902, while it was a British dominion. It [11] NEW CALEDONIA (National): retains the anthem as a . “La Marseillaise” [The Song of Marseille] Words by: Claude-Joseph Rouget de Lisle [15] NICARAGUA: “Salve a ti, Nicaragua” Music by: Claude-Joseph Rouget de Lisle [Hail to Thee, Nicaragua] Despite being one of the few Words by: Salomón Ibarra Mayorga French territories to have an Music by: traditional (arranged by Luis offi cial local anthem, "La Abraham Delgadillo) Marseillaise" is still the national anthem. The melody was originally an 18th century liturgical work [12] NEW ZEALAND (National): from Spain, after a period of “” / “” disuse; it was recreated from memory in 1910. Words by: (English), Thomas Henry Smith (Māori) [16] [17] NIGER: “La Nigérienne” Music by: Words by: Maurice Albert Thiriet The music for the existing Music by: Robert Jacquet and Nicolas Abel poem was supposedly written François Frionnet in one sitting; a few years Like other African anthems of later, Māori lyrics were written. former French , Niger’s lyrics speak of the country arising to progress in the future. 8.201001 30 [18] [19] : “Arise, O Compatriots” [23] NORTH CYPRUS: “İstiklâl Marşı” Words by: John A. Ilechukwu, Eme Etim [The March of Independence] Akpan, B. A. Ogunnaike, Sotu Omoigui and P. Words by: Mehmet Âkif Ersoy O. Aderibigbe Music by: Zeki Üngör Music by: Benedict Elide Odiase As the Greek-controlled Republic After the words were selected of Cyprus uses the Greek as a combination of the best national anthem, the Turkish five entries in a contest, they North Cyprus only uses the Turkish anthem. were put to music by the Nigerian Police Band. [24] : [20] NIUE: “Ko e Iki he Lagi” [The Lord in “A ” Heaven] Words by: Katherine Tynan Hinkson Words by: unknown Music by: traditional Music by: unknown, prepared by Sioeli Fusikata “A Londonderry Air” is used by The lyrics of the anthem Northern Irish athletes at the speak of “The Lord in Heaven” ; the as Niue’s complete ruler. melody is used for several Irish folk songs.

[21] (Local): [25] NORTHERN MARIANAS: “Gi Talo Gi “” Halom Tasi” [In the Middle of the Sea] / Words by: Jesus of Nazareth “Satil Matawal Pacifico” Music by: John Prindle Scott Words by: Jose S. Pangelinan (Chamoru), Also known as the “Pitcairn David Peter (Carolinian) Anthem”, it was probably Music by: Wilhelm Ganzhorn brought by settlers from The melody of the local Pitcairn Island. The words are from a Biblical anthem of this commonwealth passage. of the United States is taken from a 19th century German song. [22] NORFOLK ISLAND (Official): “Advance Australia Fair” [26] (National): “Ja, vi elsker Words by: Peter Dodds McCormick dette landet” [Yes, We Love This Country] Music by: Peter Dodds McCormick Words by: Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson Norfolk Island is part of the Music by: Rikard Nordraak Commonwealth of Australia, Composed by a friend of and uses the anthem of Norwegian composer Edvard Australia as its official anthem. Grieg, the anthem was first 8.201001 30 31 8.201001 performed for the 50th anniversary of the The composer was trained in constitution. both eastern music and western composition. The lyrics are in a [27] NORWAY (Royal): Persianized form of the (Urdu). “Kongesangen” [Royal Song] Words by: N. Fogtmann [33] [34] PALAU: “Belau rekid” [Our Palau] Music by: unknown Words by: collectively The Norwegian royal anthem Music by: Ymesei O. Ezekiel not only has the same melody Adopted in 1980, shortly as the British royal anthem, but before its first constitution was also the Swedish royal anthem of the time. granted, the lyrics are a combination of works by several authors. [28] [29] OLYMPIC MOVEMENT: “Olympiakós Ýmnos” [] [35] : “Fida’i” [] Words by: Costis Palamas Words by: Said Al Muzayin Music by: Spirou Samara Music by: Ali Ismael Composed for the first Olympics The title refers to one who is in 1896, local Olympic anthems willing to fight for his were used until the 1960 Games, homeland. The composer when the original anthem was was an Egyptian maestro, and the author a resurrected. Palestinian poet.

[30] [31] OMAN: “Nashid as-Salaam as- [36] [37] : “Himno Istemño” Sultani” [The Sultan’s Anthem] [Isthmus Hymn] Words by: Rashid bin Uzayyiz Al Khusaidi Words by: Jerónimo de la Ossa Music by: James Frederick Mills, arranged by Music by: Santos A. Jorge Bernard Ebbinghaus First sung on the streets when Asked to write a salute to the independence was attained sultan, the bandmaster of a from Colombia in 1903, the visiting British ship came up anthem the nation and the working with the melody that is now the national anthem. class.

[32] PAKISTAN: “Qaumī Tarāna” [National [38] [39] : Anthem] “O Arise All You Sons” Words by: Abu-Al-Asar Hafeez Jullandhuri Words by: Thomas Shacklady Music by: Ahmed Ghulamali Chagla Music by: Thomas Shacklady 8.201001 32 Adopted upon 1975 [3] : independence, the anthem “” [Chosen Land] praises God and the freedom Words by: Felipe Padilla de Leon of the country. Music by: Julian Felipe The first official lyrics were in [40] [41] : “Paraguayos, Spanish and later in English, República o muerte!” [Paraguayans, The but now only the Filipino lyrics Republic or Death!] written in 1948 must be performed. Words by: Francisco Esteban Acuña de Figueroa [4] (Local): Music by: Francisco José Debali “We From Pitcairn Island” The seven verses of the Words by: Pastor L.A.J. Webster and Melva anthem recall Paraguay’s Evans history, its national symbols, Music by: Frederick M. Lehman and end with a call to . Using the tune of the hymn “The Royal ”, this [42] PARALYMPIC MOVEMENT: song is used at gatherings. “Hymn de l’Avenir” [Anthem of the Future] The lyrics are addressing a departing visitor. Words by: Graeme Connors Music by: Thierry Darnis [5] PITCAIRN ISLANDS (National): An instrumental piece, the anthem “God Save the Queen” was approved in March, 1996. Words by: unknown Lyrics were written in 2001, but they Music by: unknown don’t appear to have ever been used. Being a British territory, “God Save the Queen” is the official anthem, although it is rarely CD 8 heard on the islands.

[1] [2] PERU: “Himno Nacional del Perú” [6] : “Mazurek Dąbrowskiego” [National Anthem of Peru] [Dabrowski’s Mazurka] Words by: José de la Torre Ugarte Words by: Józef Wybicki Music by: José Bernardo Alzedo Music by: traditional Despite a 1913 ruling that the Fast- mazurkas originated anthem was not to be revised, it in and are often associated with has been several times since, Poland; this anthem inspired most recently the order of the verses. other Slavonic nations in Eastern Europe. 8.201001 32 33 8.201001 [7] [8] PORTUGAL: “A Portugesa” [The [13] QUÉBEC: Song of the Portuguese] “Gens du Pays” [People of the Country] Words by: Henrique Lopes de Mendonça Words by: Gilles Vigneault Music by: Alfredo Keil Music by: Gilles Vigneault and Gaston Rochon A common song of protest by A popular folk song used by the republicans in Portugal, it Québec sovereigntists as an became the national anthem anthem, the song (with modified when they were successful in ousting the lyrics) is also used in Québec as a birthday song. monarchy. [14] [15] RÉUNION (Local): [9] PUERTO RICO: “La Borinqueña” “P’tit fleur fanée” [Little Faded Flower] Words by: Manuel Fernández Juncos Words by: Georges Fourcade Music by: Félix Astol Artés Music by: Jules Fossy The music, first composed as a Taught in schools in Réunion, dance, was joined with words in “P’tit fleur fanée” was written in 1868. Less “subversive” lyrics the local French Creole dialect were written for government acceptance. by two local musicians.

[10] [11] QATAR: “Al-Salam Al-Amiri” [16] RÉUNION (National): “La Marseillaise” [Peace be to the Emir] [The Song of Marseille] Words by: Sheikh Mubarak bin Saïf al-Thani Words by: Claude-Joseph Rouget de Lisle Music by: Abdul Aziz Nasser Obaidan Music by: Claude-Joseph Rouget de Lisle The anthem was adopted in A French department, and an 1996, shortly after the integral part of France, the accession of the current French national anthem is the emir; the lyricist is of the same house as the official national anthem of Réunion. emir. [17] ROMANIA: “Deşteaptă-te române!” [12] QATAR (FORMER ANTHEM): [Wake up, Romanian] Music by: unknown Words by: Andrei Mureşianu In use: 1954-1996 Music by: Anton Pann Wordless and short in length, Frequently heard during the this format of anthem was protests against Communist typical of the Gulf States at rule, the popular song of protest the time. The music is possibly Indian in origin. and freedom was adopted after the fall of 8.201001 34 [18] [19] [20] RUSSIA: “Gosudarstvenny Based on an old folk tune, it was Gimn Rossiyskoy Federatsii” [National composed by Michael Habarurema Anthem of the Russian Federation] and “Abanyuramatwi”, a choral Words by: Sergei Vladimirovich Mikhalkov society in Gitrama. Music by: Alexandr Vasilievich Alexandrov The melody is identical to the [26] SAHARA: “Yā Banīy As-Saharā” [O old Soviet anthem; the new Sons of the Sahara] lyrics were written by the lyricist Words by: unknown who wrote the lyrics for the USSR’s anthem. Music by: unknown The POLISARIO, a group [21] RUSSIA (FORMER ANTHEM): seeking independence for “Patrioticheskaya pesnya” [The Patriotic Moroccan-held Western Song] Sahara, adopted this anthem upon their 1979 Music by: independence declaration. In use: 1990-2000 Criticism over the wordless [27] BARTHÉLEMY (Local): nature of Glinka’s piece lead to “L’Hymne à St. Barthélemy” [Hymn to St. words being written in late Barthélemy] 1999, but were never adopted. Words by: Isabelle Massart Déravin Music by: Michael Valenti [22] [23] [24] : “” Composed by Broadway [Rwanda, Our Beautiful Country] composer Michael Valenti, the Words by: Faustin Murigo lyrics were commissioned by Music by: Jean-Bosco Hashakaimana the island’s choir director to one of the choir After its bloody civil war, new members. national symbols were unveiled at the end of 2001, including a [28] SAINT BARTHÉLEMY (National): new anthem that speaks of love of country. “La Marseillaise” [The Song of Marseille] Words by: Claude-Joseph Rouget de Lisle [25] RWANDA (FORMER ANTHEM): Music by: Claude-Joseph Rouget de Lisle “Rwanda rwacu” [Our Rwanda] As a French territory, the Words by: Michael Habarurema and French national anthem is the “Abanyuramatwi” offi cial national anthem of St. Music by: Michael Habarurema and Bart’s and other French territories. “Abanyuramatwi” In use: 1962-2001 8.201001 34 35 8.201001 [29] , ASCENSION AND [34] SAINT PIERRE AND MIQUELON: (National): “La Marseillaise” [The Song of Marseille] “God Save the Queen” Words by: Claude-Joseph Rouget de Lisle Words by: unknown Music by: Claude-Joseph Rouget de Lisle Music by: unknown A French department off the A British territory, “God Save the coast of Newfoundland, the Queen” is the offi cial anthem of French anthem is used here as it St. Helena. is in the rest of France.

[30] [31] SAINT KITTS AND : [35] SAINT VINCENT AND THE “Oh Land of Beauty!” GRENADINES: “St. Vincent! Land So Words by: Kenrick Anderson Georges Beautiful” Music by: Kenrick Anderson Georges Words by: Phyllis Joyce McClean Punnett Adopted in 1983, the anthem Music by: Joel Bertram Miguel speaks of commitment to peace Upon becoming a self-governing and unity. territory in 1967, St. Vincent adopted a local anthem. It was [32] : retained when full independence was granted in “Sons and Daughters of St. Lucia” 1979. Words by: Charles Jesse Music by: Leton Felix Thomas [36] [37] SAMOA: “O Ie Fu’a o Ie Sa’olotoga When St. Lucia became self- o Samoa” [The Banner of Freedom] governing within the British Words by: Sauni Iiga Kuresa Commonwealth in 1967, it Music by: Sauni Iiga Kuresa adopted a national anthem, and retained it on Honouring the national fl ag, full independence in 1979. the lyrics are sometimes slightly altered in a “religious [33] SAINT MARTIN (National): version” that mentions God and Jesus. “La Marseillaise” [The Song of Marseille] Words by: Claude-Joseph Rouget de Lisle [38] [39] : Music by: Claude-Joseph Rouget de Lisle Music by: Federico Consolo Despite having a local anthem San Marino’s anthem, adopted for use in local events, the in 1894, is one of the few in the French “La Marseillaise” is the world with no lyrics (although offi cial anthem for use in the territory. unoffi cial ones exist).

8.201001 36 [40] SÃO TOME AND PRINCIPE: Written in 1965 by the folk “Independência total” [Total Independence] group The Corries, it has been Words by: Alda Neves da Graça do Espírito used as ’s national Santo song at several sporting events since 1974. Music by: Manuel dos Santos Barreto de Sousa e Almeida [44] SEALAND: “E Mare Libertas” The author of the lyrics held [From the Sea, Freedom] several government positions Music by: Basil Simonenko after the anthem was adopted The wordless anthem of this on independence in 1975, mainly dealing with occupied former British military culture base claimed as a nation was composed by composer Basil Simonenko. [41] : “Aash Al Maleek” [Long Live Our Beloved King] [45] SEBORGA: “La Speranza” [The Hope] Words by: Ibrahim Khafaji Words by: unknown Music by: Abdul Rahman Al-Khateeb Music by: unknown An Egyptian composer was A town in northwest Italy, a local requested to compose Saudi businessman found that the town Arabia’s fi rst anthem in 1947. was not in the Italian Unifi cation The current lyrics were written in 1984. Act, and proclaimed its independence.

[42] SAUGEAIS: “Dé san qu’y a dèz [46] [47] SENEGAL: “Pincez Tous vos hounnous â mondou” [Since Men Were In Koras, Frappez les Balafons” [Pluck Your The World] Koras, Strike the Balafons] Words by: Theodore Botrel Words by: Léopold Sédar Senghor Music by: Joseph Bobillier Music by: Herbert Pepper Saugeais’ “independence” being The composer also composed created at the whim of the mayor in the anthem for the Central 1947, the anthem is a song written in African Republic, the lyrics were the local dialect in 1910. by Senegal’s fi rst president.

[43] SCOTLAND: “Fhlùir na h-Alba” / “Flouer o Scotland” / “” Words by: Music by: Roy Williamson

8.201001 36 37 8.201001 CD 9 [5] : “High We Exalt Thee, Realm Of The Free” [1] [2] : Words by: Clifford Nelson Fyle “Bože pravde” [God of Justice] Music by: John Joseph Akar Words by: Jovan Đorđević The anthem’s composer was a Music by: Davorin Jenko director of the national Since its fi rst appearance in broadcaster and the founder of an 1872 play, it has been the national dance troupe, the lyricist was a associated as the anthem of professor. even while Serbia was within Yugoslavia. [6] [7] : [3] SERBIA & MONTENEGRO (FORMER “” [Onward Singapore] ANTHEM): “Hej Slaveni” [Hey, ] Words by: Words by: Samuel Tomášik Music by: Zubir Said Music by: Samuel Tomášik , based on a Composed while Singapore traditional song was still a part of Malaysia, it In use: 2003-2006 (as Serbia & Montenegro, was written as a theme for the 1945-2003 as “Yugoslavia”) city council’s functions. The Yugoslav anthem was retained for the federation of [8] SINT EUSTATIUS: “” Serbia & Montenegro, Words by: Pieter van den Heuvel despite the popularity of the two republics’ Music by: unknown anthems. The lyrics make reference to the fact that the fi rst salute to the US [4] SEYCHELLES: fl ag was fi red from Sint Eustatius. “Koste Seselwa” [Seychellois Unite] Words by: David François Marc André and [9] : “Nad Tatrou sa blýska” George Charles Robert Payet [Storm Over the Tatras] Music by: David François Marc André and Words by: Janko Matúška George Charles Robert Payet Music by: traditional Adopted in 1996 after one- The melody is taken from a party socialist rule was Slovak folk song; the lyrics replaced with a multi-party were by a student while on a democratic system, the anthem speaks of unity. protest over the fi ring of a nationalist teacher.

8.201001 38 [10] : “Zdravljica” [A Toast] Having no lyrics, the melody Words by: France Prešeren was written by the same Music by: Stanko Premrl composer that wrote the party Written as a song praising song for Benito Mussolini’s party. wine (the lyrics even in the shape of a wineglass), the [14] : seventh stanza, praising peace, became the “National Anthem of South Africa” anthem in 1989 Words by: and Cornelius Jacob Langenhoven [11] : Music by: Enoch Sontonga and Marthinus “God Save Our Solomon Islands” Lourens de Villiers Words by: Panapasa Balekana and Matila The music combines a popular Balekana African hymn with the previous Music by: Panapasa Balekana national anthem; the lyrics use Asking for God’s blessing on five different languages. the south Pacific nation, it was adopted upon independence [15] SOUTH AFRICA (FORMER ANTHEM): in 1978. Words by: Enoch Sontonga and Cornelius Jacob Langenhoven [12] : “Soomaaliyeey toosoo” Music by: Enoch Sontonga and Marthinus [Somalia Wake Up] Lourens de Villiers Words by: Ali Mire Awale and Yuusuf Xaaji In use: 1994-1997 Aadan Cilmi Qabille South Africa’s first anthem after Music by: Ali Mire Awale and Yuusuf Xaaji free elections merely had the Aadan Cilmi Qabille entirety of a popular African Written in 1947, it has long hymn preceding the entire former anthem. been a popular Somali song, but was not adopted as the [16] SOUTH GEORGIA AND SOUTH national anthem until 2000. Somalia adopted a SANDWICH ISLANDS: “God Save the Queen” new anthem in 2012; the melody was Words by: unknown unavailable at press time for this edition of the Music by: unknown National Anthems collection. A group of islands near Antarctica (populated only by [13] SOMALIA (FORMER ANTHEM): a handful of scientists) that are Music by: Giuseppe Blanc owned by Great Britain, they use the British In use: 1960-2000 anthem. 8.201001 38 39 8.201001 [17] [18] SOUTH OSSETIA: “Respublikæ First used in 1770 to honour Xussar Irystony Paddzaxadon Gimn” [The the king, the melody’s origin is National Anthem of South Ossetia] unknown and may be from Words by: Totraz Kokaev outside Spain. The anthem is offi cially wordless. Music by: Felix Alborov A separatist region of Georgia, [23] [24] : “Sri Lanka Matha” the music was composed by [Mother Sri Lanka] a member of the Soviet Words by: Ananda Samarkone composers while the region was in the USSR. Music by: Ananda Samarkone Chosen as the result of a [19] SOUTH : " Oyee!" contest, it was fi rst performed [South Sudan, Hurray!] on the fourth anniversary of Words by: Mido Samuel and students from independence in 1952. Juba University Music by: Mido Samuel and students from [25] [26] SUDAN: “Nahnu Djundulla Juba University Djundulwatan” [We Are the Army of God Chosen in a competition in and of Our Land] early 2001 in preparation Words by: Sayed Ahmad Muhammad Salih for independence later that Music by: Ahmad Murjan year, the lyrics were revised many times before Before independence in 1956, acceptance the anthem was the anthem of the Sudanese armed forces. [20] SOVEREIGN MILITARY ORDER OF MALTA: “Ave Crux Alba” [Hail, Thou White Cross] [27] SURINAME: “God zij met ons Words by: unknown Suriname!” [God Be With Our Suriname] Music by: unknown Words by: Cornelis Atses Hoekstra and Henry The SMOM is a charitable de Ziel Catholic organization with Music by: Johannes Corstianus de Puy limited diplomatic status Its The melody was fi rst familiar anthem speaks of the virtue of charity and piety. to Surinamese as used in a popular Sunday School song, [21] [22] SPAIN: “Himno Nacional Español” new lyrics in the native language were written in [National Anthem of Spain] 1959. Music by: unknown

8.201001 40 [28] SVALBARD AND JAN MAYEN: The anthem was fi rst sung at “Ja, vi elsker dette landet” a party to celebrate the [Yes, We Love This Country] accession of Oscar I and was Words by: Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson used as the national and royal anthem until 1893. Music by: Rikard Nordraak These two sparsely populated [33] SWITZERLAND: “Schweizerpsalm” island groups considered an / “Cantique suisse” / “Salmo svizzero” / integral part of Norway, are “Psalm svizzer” [Swiss Psalm] sometimes grouped together for statistical Words by: Leonhard Widmer (German), purposes. Charles Chatelanat (French), Camillo Valsangiacomo (Italian), and Flurin Camathias [29] SWAZILAND: “Nkulunkulu Mnikati (Romansch) wetibusiso temaSwati” [Oh God, Bestower Music by: Alberik Zwyssig of the Blessings of the Swazi] The Swiss Psalm was chosen as Words by: Andrease Enoke Fanyana Simelane the national anthem due to its Swiss Music by: David Kenneth Rycroft origins, it was a Swiss patriotic Composed after extensive poem set to the tune of a Swiss hymn. ethno-musicological fi eldwork in Swaziland, the anthem [34] SYRIA: “Ħumāt ad-Diyār” blends Western and indigenous music styles. [Guardians of the Homeland] Words by: Khalil Mardam Bey [30] [31] (National): Music by: Mohammad Salim Flayfel and “Sång till Norden” [Song of the North] Ahmad Salim Flayfel Words by: Richard Dybeck Adopted as the national Music by: traditional anthem in 1936, the composer Using a melody of a local folk of the music composed many tune, the words refl ect the ideas other Arab folk songs in the region. of the “pan-Scandinavian” movement, popular at the time it was written. [35] (National): “Zhōnghuá Míngúo gúogē” [National Anthem of the Republic [32] SWEDEN (Royal): of China] “Kungssången” [Royal Song] Words by: Hu Han-min, Tai Chi-t’ao, Liao Words by: Carl Wilhelm August Strandberg Chung-k’ai Music by: Otto Lindblad Music by: Cheng Mao-Yun

8.201001 40 41 8.201001 The text of the anthem was [40] TATARSTAN: [National Anthem of the taken from a speech given by Republic of Tatarstan] Sun Yat Sen in 1928, it was Words by: Ramadan Baytimerov retained when the republic’s government fl ed to Music by: Röstäm Yäxin Taiwan. After lacking words since it was adopted in 1993, words [36] TAIWAN (Alternate): “Zhōnghuá in Tatar and Russian were Míngúo Gúoqígē” [National ] adopted by the Tatar State Council in February, Words by: Hu Han-min, Tai Chi-tao, Liao 2013. Chung-kai and Shao Yuan-chung Music by: Tai Chuan-hsien [41] THAILAND (National): “Phleng Chat A patriotic song in Taiwan used Thai” [National Anthem of Thailand] at fl ag-raisings, it is used in Words by: Luang Saranuprapan international events where the Music by: Phra Jenduriyang national anthem is banned by . A local composer was asked to compose an anthem in the [37] : spirit of “La Marseillaise”; this “Surudi milli” [National Anthem] anthem is now played twice daily in Thailand. Words by: Gulnazar Keldi Music by: Suleiman Yudakov [42] THAILAND (Royal): “Phleng Sansasoen The melody was retained Phra Barami” [A Salute to the Monarch] from the old anthem used as Words by: Prince Narisara Nuvadtivongs part of the Soviet Union, new Music by: Pyotr Schurovsky words were written after independence. The music of the anthem was composed by a Russian musician [38] [39] : “” specifi cally for lyrics written by [God Bless Africa] Prince Narisara Nuvadtivongs. Words by: collectively Music by: Enoch Mankayi Sontonga [43] : “bod rgyal khab chen po’I rgyal Tanzania was the fi rst African glu” [Tibetan Government National Anthem] nation to use the popular Words by: Trijang Rinpoche African song “God Bless Africa” Music by: traditional as its anthem, now used across southern Africa. The melody of the anthem is a very old piece of Tibetan sacred music; the lyrics are by the Dali Lama’s tutor. 8.201001 42 [44] [45] : “Salut à toi, pays de Music by: Boris Alexandrov nos aïeux” [Hail to Thee, Land of Our Composed by the son of the Forefathers] Soviet anthem composer, Words by: Alex Casimir-Dosseh it was also entered in the Music by: Alex Casimir-Dosseh Soviet anthem contest, but did not win. Originally adopted on independence in 1960, it was replaced in 1979, and restored CD 10 in 1992 when one-party rule was dropped. [1] : [46] TOKELAU (National): “God Defend “Forged From the Love of Liberty” New Zealand” Words by: Patrick Stanislaus Castagne Words by: Thomas Bracken (English), Thomas Music by: Patrick Stanislaus Castagne Henry Smith (Māori) Originally an anthem of the Music by: John Joseph Woods (Of As a territory of New Zealand, which Trinidad was a part), its anthem is used as Trinidad retained the anthem upon its dissolution. Tokelau’s national anthem, the local anthem is used for local events in the [2] : “Humat Al Hima” territory. [Defenders of the Homeland] Words by: Mustafa Sadik Al-Rafi i and Aboul- [47] TONGA: “Ko e fasi ‘o e ‘Otu Tonga” Qacem Echebbi [Song of the King of the Tonga Islands] Music by: Mohamad Abdel Wahab Words by: Prince Uelingatoni Ngū The music was composed by the Tupoumalohi same composer of the anthems Music by: Karl Gustavus Schmitt of Libya and the UAE, the lyrics A prince of the Tongan royal were by an Egyptian in the 1930s. family of the time wrote the lyrics of the anthem; the lyrics [3] : “İstiklâl Marşı” refl ect the islands’ deep Christian beliefs. [The March of Independence] Words by: Mehmet Âkif Ersoy [48] [49] : “My slavim Music by: Zeki Üngör tjebja, Pridnestrov’je” [We Glorify You, The lyrics were selected in a Transnistria] competition; the original music Words by: Boris Parmenov, Nicholas Bozhko, chosen for the piece was Vitaly Pishchenko changed several years later to the current work. 8.201001 42 43 8.201001 [4] TURKMENISTAN: “Garaşsyz, Bitarap Music by: unknown Türkmenistanyň” [Independent, Neutral The Turkmenistan State Anthem] are a British colony that use Words by: collectively the British anthem as the Music by: Veli Mukhatov national anthem. A local anthem also exists for The music and the lyrics of the local events. anthem, which referenced its fi rst president in the lyrics, were [9] : “” slightly changed in 2008 after his death. [Tuvalu for the Almighty] Words by: Afaese Manoa [5] [6] TURKMENISTAN (FORMER Music by: Afaese Manoa ANTHEM): “Garaşsyz, Bitarap The anthem (whose title is Türkmenistanyň” [Independent, Neutral also the national motto) was Turkmenistan State Anthem] written to refl ect the Christian Words by: collectively faith of the islands and the author. Music by: Veli Mukhatov In use: 1997-2008 [10] [11] : Composed by the same person “Oh Uganda, Land of Beauty!” who composed the former Words by: George Wilberforce Kakomoa anthem (used while part of the Music by: George Wilberforce Kakomoa USSR), the anthem references Turkmenistan’s Written in one day in a “burst of neutrality. inspiration” as an entry for a national contest, Uganda’s [7] TURKMENISTAN (FORMER ANTHEM): anthem is one of the shortest in the world. Words by: Aman Kekilov Music by: Veli Mukhatov [12] [13] : “Sche ne vmerla In use: 1991-1997 Ukrainy” [Ukraine’s Glory Hasn’t Perished] Originally the song used Words by: Paul Chubynskyi while Turkmenistan was a Music by: Mikhail Verbytskyi part of the USSR, it was A patriotic song dating from the fi nally replaced 6 years after independence. 19th century, it was offi cially made the anthem when Ukraine [8] TURKS AND CAICOS ISLANDS left the Soviet Union. (National): “God Save the Queen” Words by: unknown

8.201001 44 [14] : “Nashid music in 1810, part of this music was first al-watani al-imarati” [National Anthem of associated with US presidents in 1815. the UAE] Music by: Mohamad Abdel Wahab [21] [22] : “Himno Nacional” The anthem officially has no [National Anthem of Uruguay] lyrics, however some Words by: Francisco Esteban Acuña de commissioned by the minister Figueroa of education are well-known in the country and Music by: Francisco José Debali are often sung. The composer, a Hungarian who moved to Uruguay, was [15] : formerly a military bandmaster “Hymn to the United Nations” in Italy. With 105 bars, it’s the world’s longest Words by: W.H. Auden anthem Music by: Pablo Casals The lyrics based on the [23] [24] [25] : “O’zbekiston preamble of the UN Charter, it is Respublikasining Davlat Madhiyasi” sometimes performed at special [National Anthem of the Republic of occasions, yet remains unofficial. Uzbekistan] Words by: Abdulla Aripov [16] [17] [18] UNITED STATES OF AMERICA Music by: Mutal Burhanov (National): “The Star Spangled Banner” Uzbekistan retained the anthem Words by: Francis Scott Key it used as a republic of the Music by: John Stafford Smith USSR after independence, only writing new lyrics. A poem written during the war of 1812 was set to a tune written for a [26] [27] VANUATU: “Yumi, Yumi, Yumi” gentleman’s social club in England. It was [We, We, We] made the anthem in 1931. Words by: François Vincent Ayssav Music by: François Vincent Ayssav [19] [20] UNITED STATES OF AMERICA Praising the need to work (Presidential): “Hail to the Chief” together, the national anthem Words by: Albert Gamse was made official when Music by: James Sanderson independence was attained in 1980. Sir Walter Scott’s poem “The Lady of the Lake” was set to

8.201001 44 45 8.201001 [28] VATICAN CITY: “Inno e Marcia [34] : Pontificale” [Hymn and Pontifical March] “La Marseillaise” [The Song of Marseille] Words by: Raffaello Lavagna Words by: Claude-Joseph Rouget de Lisle Music by: Charles-François Gounod Music by: Claude-Joseph Rouget de Lisle Written as a papal anthem by Like most other French territories, Charles Gounod, the Vatican only the French national anthem states it is to be seen as a hymn is used, no local anthem exists. for all Catholics, rather than a national anthem [35] : “Le Chant des Wallons” [29] [30] VENEZUELA: “Gloria al bravo [The Song of the Walloons] pueblo” [Glory to the Brave Nation] Words by: Théophile Bovy (Walloon), Emile Words by: Vicente Salias Sullon (French) Music by: Juan José Landaeta Music by: Louis Hillier The anthem has been known Written in the Walloon language since 1840 as the Venezuelan (related to French) in 1900, the , due to the similarity French lyrics were adopted in in theme to the French national anthem. 1998, as French is more commonly spoken.

[31] [32] VIETNAM: “Tiến quân ca” [36] [37] : “al-ǧumhūrīyâẗu [The Song of the Marching Troops] l-muttaḥidâ” [United Republic] Words by: Nguyen Văn Cao Words by: Abdullah Abdulwahab Noa’man Music by: Nguyen Văn Cao Music by: Ayyoab Tarish Absi The anthem was written in 1944, When North and South during Vietnam’s independence Yemen merged in 1990, struggle against the French, South Yemen’s anthem was and used in all of Vietnam in 1976. adopted and given its present title.

[33] : [38] (FORMER) YUGOSLAVIA: “” [Land of my Fathers] “Hej Slaveni” [Hey, Slavs] Words by: Evan James Words by: Samuel Tomášik Music by: Music by: Samuel Tomášik , based on a Written by a father and son in traditional song 1856, it became the first national In use: 1945-2003 (as Yugoslavia, 2003-2006 anthem to be sung before a as “”) sporting event in 1905.

8.201001 46 Inspired by (and nearly identical to) the Polish anthem, the tune, a popular Slavic song, was a natural choice for a union of Slavic states.

[39] : “Lumbanyeni Zambia” / “Stand and Sing of Zambia, Proud and Free” Words by: written collectively Music by: Enoch Mankayi Sontonga Like Tanzania, Zambia also uses the music of the African hymn “God Bless Africa”, but different lyrics, unique to Zambia, were written.

[40] (FORMER ANTHEM): “National March for the Sultan of Zanzibar” Music by: Donald Francis Tovey In use: 1911-1964 Used as a salute to the Sultan while still a British protectorate, the music of this wordless anthem was a popular tune on the island.

[41] [42] : “Kalibusiswe Ilizwe leZimbabwe” / “Sinudzai Mureza WeZimbabwe” / “Blessed Be The Land of Zimbabwe” Words by: Solomon Mutswairo Music by: Fred Lecture Changundega Replacing “God Bless Africa” in 1994 with a distinctly Zimbabwean work, the lyrics are by a leading poet and academic in Zimbabwe.

8.201001 46 47 8.201001 8.201001