DOCSLIB.ORG

Florida Historical Quarterly, Vol. 48, Number 4

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Florida Historical Quarterly, Vol. 48, Number 4 Florida Historical Quarterly Volume 48 Number 4 Florida Historical Quarterly, Vol 48. Article 1 Number 4 1969 Florida Historical Quarterly, Vol. 48, Number 4 Florida Historical Society [email protected] Find similar works at: https://stars.library.ucf.edu/fhq University of Central Florida Libraries http://library.ucf.edu This Full Issue is brought to you for free and open access by STARS. It has been accepted for inclusion in Florida Historical Quarterly by an authorized editor of STARS. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Recommended Citation Society, Florida Historical (1969) "Florida Historical Quarterly, Vol. 48, Number 4," Florida Historical Quarterly: Vol. 48 : No. 4 , Article 1. Available at: https://stars.library.ucf.edu/fhq/vol48/iss4/1 Society: Florida Historical Quarterly, Vol. 48, Number 4 The Florida Historical uarterly APRIL 1970 PUBLISHED BY THE FLORIDA HISTORICAL SOCIETY Published by STARS, 1969 1 Florida Historical Quarterly, Vol. 48 [1969], No. 4, Art. 1 FRONT COVER “A View of Pensacola in West Florida” is a black and white engraving published and dedicated by George Gauld to Sir William Burnaby, rear admiral and commander of the British fleet at Jamaica. From the British ensigns on the vessels and the flag flying from the flagstaff, this is obviously a picture of Pensacola during the British period. Since Gauld’s name is not mentioned in any reference sources as an engraver, and since such a skill is not mentioned in his book, it is unlikely that he was the engraver of this picture, but he probably drew the sketch of the scene from which it was made. The engraving is in the Prints and Photographs Division, Library of Congress. Gauld, surveyor of the coasts of Florida, was born in 1732 at Ardbrack, Bamffshire, and he was educated at King’s College, Aberdeen. In 1763 he was appointed to make a survey of all newly acquired English territory in the West Indies, and in March of the following year he sailed aboard the Tartar for Jamaica to join Burnaby’s fleet. In August 1764 he accompanied Sir John Lindsay to Pensacola and he may have made a sketch of the harbor at that time. He was a friend of Philip Pittman, author of The Present State of the European Settlements on the Mississippi . (1770), and Thomas Hutchins whose An Historical Narrative and Topogaphical Description of Louisiana, and West-Florida was published in 1784. They helped him draft charts and plans of West Florida. Gauld’s unpublished “General Description of the Sea-Coast, Harbours, Lakes, Rivers, &ca. of The Province of West Florida, 1769,” is in the American Philosophical Society Archives, Philadel- phia. His charts appeared in the Atlantic Neptune (1780), and his surveys of the Caribbean and Florida coasts were published in London by William Faden in 1790 and 1796. Gauld was a volunteer during the seige of Pensacola in 1781. He was taken as a prisoner, first to Havana and then to New York; he died in London, June 8, 1782, at the age of fifty, a few months after his return to England. He is buried in the cemetery of the Tottenham Court Road Chapel. https://stars.library.ucf.edu/fhq/vol48/iss4/1 2 Society: Florida Historical Quarterly, Vol. 48, Number 4 The Florida Historical Quarterly THE FLORIDA HISTORICAL SOCIETY Volume XLVIII, Number 4 April 1970 Published by STARS, 1969 3 Florida Historical Quarterly, Vol. 48 [1969], No. 4, Art. 1 THE FLORIDA HISTORICAL QUARTERLY SAMUEL PROCTOR, Editor PETER D. KLINGMAN, Editorial Assistant EDITORIAL ADVISORY BOARD LUIS R. ARANA CASTILLO DE SAN MARCOS, ST. AUGUSTINE HERBERT J. DOHERTY, JR. U NIVERSITY OF F LORIDA J OHN K. M AHON UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA WILLIAM W. ROGERS FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY JERRELL H. SHOFNER FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY C HARLTON W. T EBEAU UNIVERSITY OF MIAMI Correspondence concerning contributions, books for review, and all editorial matters should be addressed to the Editor, Florida Historical Quarterly, Box 14045, University Station, Gainesville, Florida 32601. The Quarterly is interested in articles and documents pertaining to the history of Florida. Sources, style, footnote form, original- ity of material and interpretation, clarity of thought, and interest of readers are considered. All copy, including footnotes, should be double-spaced. Footnotes should be numbered consecutively in the text and assembled at the end. Particular attention should be given to following the footnote style of the Quarterly. The author should submit an original and retain a carbon for security. The Florida Historical Society and editor of the Florida Historical Quarterly accept no responsibility for statements made by contributors. ii https://stars.library.ucf.edu/fhq/vol48/iss4/1 4 Society: Florida Historical Quarterly, Vol. 48, Number 4 CONTENTS VAN BRUNT’S STORE, IAMONIA, FLORIDA, 1902-1911 Clifton L. Paisley 353 C ALOOSAHATCHEE M ASSACRE : I TS S IGNIFICANCE IN THE SECOND SEMINOLE WAR .......................... George R. Adams 368 PLANT’S LIEUTENANTS ......................... Dudley S. Johnson 381 N OTES AND D OCUMENTS : S ANIBEL I SLAND AND I TS V ICINITY , 1833, A DOCUMENT .............................. E. A. Hammond 392 A NOTE ON GOVERNOR GEORGE F. DREW Jerrell H. Shofner 412 FLORIDA MANUSCRIPT AQUISITIONS AND ACCESSIONS ..... 415 B OOK REVIEWS ........................................................................... 420 BOOK NOTES .................................................................................... 444 H ISTORY N EWS ................................................................. 452 DIRECTORS’ MEETING, DECEMBER 13, 1969 ........................ 463 COPYRIGHT 1970 by the Florida Historical Society, Tampa, Florida. Second class postage paid at Tampa, Florida, and at additional mailing offices. Printed by E. O. Painter Printing Co., DeLand, Florida. iii Published by STARS, 1969 5 Florida Historical Quarterly, Vol. 48 [1969], No. 4, Art. 1 BOOK REVIEWS Jahoda, The Road to Samarkand: Frederick Delius and His Music, by Evelyn Harris ............................................................. 420 Dunn, Re-Discover Florida, by Margaret L. Chapman ...................... 421 Stoddard, Memoirs of a Naturalist, by Elizabeth S. Austin .................... 422 Willison, Patrick Henry and His World, by Aubrey C. Land .......... 423 Herndon, William Tatham and the Culture of Tobacco, by Clifton L. Paisley ........................................................ 425 Hemphill (ed.), The Papers of John C. Calhoun: Volume IV, 1819-1820, by Thomas P. Govan .......................................................... 427 Wooster, The People in Power: Courthouse and State House in the Lower South, 1850-1860, by Thomas D. Clark .......................... 428 Hyman (ed.), Heard Round The World, by Ben Procter ...................... 429 Goff, Confederate Supply, by James I. Robertson, Jr. .............................. 431 Belz, Reconstructing the Union: Theory and Policy During the Civil War, by T. Harry Williams ........................................................... 432 Trefousse, The Radical Republicans: Lincoln’s Vanguard for Racial Justice, by Phillip S. Paludan ........................................ 433 Current (ed.), Reconstruction in Retrospect: Views from the Turn of the Century, by Howard H. Quint ....................................................... 435 Hamilton (ed.), Three American Frontiers: Writings of Thomas D. Clark, by Kenneth Coleman .................................................... 437 Hackney, Populism To Progressivism In Alabama, by William Warren Rogers ............................................................................................... 430 Fagen, Brody, and O’Leary, Cubans in Exile: Disaffection and the Revolution, by Frederick E. Kidder .......................................................... 441 Clark, The Lady and the Sharks, by Marian Murray ....................... 442 https://stars.library.ucf.edu/fhq/vol48/iss4/1 6 Society: Florida Historical Quarterly, Vol. 48, Number 4 VAN BRUNT’S STORE, IAMONIA, FLORIDA, 1902-1911 by CLIFTON L. PAISLEY* OT UNTIL JUST before World War II did Leon become an N urban county. Tallahassee always had been the only real town in the county, and for more than a century it had been a fairly small community. The 1940 census showed that for the first time more than half the county’s population, 16,240 of the 31,646 persons, lived in Tallahassee. The city’s growth since World War II has turned Leon into one of Florida’s most urban counties. Before that time it shared with its four neighboring counties-Jackson, Gadsden, Jefferson, and Madison-the char- acteristics of being rural, agricultural, and, for the most part, black. Even in 1940 Leon was part of the “black belt” of nearly 200 counties extending from Virginia to Texas, with a popula- tion of 16,106 blacks and 15,540 whites. 1 At the turn of the twentieth century, Leon County was almost totally rural, agricultural, and Negro; the 1900 census listed 3,886 whites and 15,999 blacks. There were 2,981 persons living in Tallahassee, an increase of forty-seven in ten years, out of a total county population of 19,887. The county seat and state capital shared with several crossroads communities- Miccosukee, Chaires, Woodville, and other smaller ones-the trade of a large rural, and overwhelmingly black, population of farmers. Iamonia, eighteen miles north of Tallahassee on the Thomas- ville Road, and a mile south of the Georgia line, was such a crossroads community when R. F. Van Brunt opened his country store there in 1902. At the junction of Thomasville
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Florida Historical Uarterly
    The Florida Historical uarterly APRIL 1970 PUBLISHED BY THE FLORIDA HISTORICAL SOCIETY FRONT COVER “A View of Pensacola in West Florida” is a black and white engraving published and dedicated by George Gauld to Sir William Burnaby, rear admiral and commander of the British fleet at Jamaica. From the British ensigns on the vessels and the flag flying from the flagstaff, this is obviously a picture of Pensacola during the British period. Since Gauld’s name is not mentioned in any reference sources as an engraver, and since such a skill is not mentioned in his book, it is unlikely that he was the engraver of this picture, but he probably drew the sketch of the scene from which it was made. The engraving is in the Prints and Photographs Division, Library of Congress. Gauld, surveyor of the coasts of Florida, was born in 1732 at Ardbrack, Bamffshire, and he was educated at King’s College, Aberdeen. In 1763 he was appointed to make a survey of all newly acquired English territory in the West Indies, and in March of the following year he sailed aboard the Tartar for Jamaica to join Burnaby’s fleet. In August 1764 he accompanied Sir John Lindsay to Pensacola and he may have made a sketch of the harbor at that time. He was a friend of Philip Pittman, author of The Present State of the European Settlements on the Mississippi . (1770), and Thomas Hutchins whose An Historical Narrative and Topogaphical Description of Louisiana, and West-Florida was published in 1784. They helped him draft charts and plans of West Florida.
    [Show full text]
  • Florida Historical Quarterly
    COVER Travelers disembarking from one of Pan American Airways’ clippers at Dinner Key in the 1930s, which is now the site of Miami’s city hall. The old Pan Am terminal now houses city offices. Photo courtesy of the Historical Association of Southern Florida, Miami. THE FLORIDA HISTORICAL SOCIETY Volume LXII, Number 1 July 1983 COPYRIGHT 1983 by the Florida Historical Society, Tampa, Florida. Second class postage paid at Tampa and DeLeon Springs, Florida. Printed by E. O. Painter Printing Co., DeLeon Springs, Florida. (ISSN 0015-4113) THE FLORIDA HISTORICAL QUARTERLY Samuel Proctor, Editor Earl Ronald Hendry, Editorial Assistant EDITORIAL ADVISORY BOARD Herbert J. Doherty, Jr. University of Florida Michael V. Gannon University of Florida John K. Mahon University of Florida (Emeritus) Jerrell H. Shofner University of Central Florida Charlton W. Tebeau University of Miami (Emeritus) J. Leitch Wright, Jr. Florida State University Correspondence concerning contributions, books for review, and all editorial matters should be addressed to the Editor, Florida Historical Quarterly, Box 14045, University Station, Gainesville, Florida 32604-2045. The Quarterly is interested in articles and documents pertaining to the history of Florida. Sources, style, footnote form, originality of material and interpretation, clarity of thought, and interest of readers are considered. All copy, including footnotes, should be double-spaced. Footnotes are to be numbered consecutively in the text and assembled at the end of the article. Particular attention should be given to following the footnote style of the Quarterly. The author should submit an original and retain a carbon for security. The Florida Historical Society and the Editor of the Florida Historical Quarterly accept no responsibility for state- ments made or opinions held by authors.
    [Show full text]
  • A Scottish View of West Florida in 1769
    A Scottish View of West Florida in 1769 By CHARLES A. GAULD A scholarly Scot wrote but never succeeded in publishing a 30-page "General Description of the Sea Coasts, Harbours, Lakes, Rivers etc. of the Province of West Florida, 1769." He was George Gauld, born in Scotland in 1732. He received an honorary M.A. from Aberdeen, one of the four democratic Scottish universities. As a chart-maker for the British Admiralty, his death in 1782 may have occurred in London or at sea. Gauld's charts for navigation between East Florida and the British West Indies were posthumously pub- lished by the Admiralty. That of the Tortugas and Florida Keys or Martyrs appeared only in 1815. Gauld's two pamphlets were issued in London by William Faden in 1790 and 1796. The second, of 28 pages, was entitled "Observations on the Florida Kays, Reef & Gulf with Directions for Sailing along the Kays from Jamaica by the Grand Cayman & the West End of Cuba; also a Description, with Sailing Instructions, of the Coast of West Florida between the Bay of Espiritu Santo & Cape Sable." There was added, "by George Gaud, to accompany his Charts of those Coasts, surveyed and published by order of the Rt. Hon. the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty, to which have been added a descrip- tion of the East Coast of Florida between Cape Florida & Cape Canaveral (and) within the Florida Reef." The 1796 pamphlet was consulted by Dr. Wallace McMullen in his English Topographical Terms in Florida, 1563-1874 (University of Florida Press, 1953, 227 pp.) Gauld's 1769 manuscript is useful both for some topo- graphical terms and for place names of the Britsh era in West Florida.
    [Show full text]
  • Florida Historical Quarterly, Vol. 47, Number 4
    Florida Historical Quarterly Volume 47 Number 4 Florida Historical Quarterly, Vol 47, Article 1 Number 4 1968 Florida Historical Quarterly, Vol. 47, Number 4 Florida Historical Society [email protected] Find similar works at: https://stars.library.ucf.edu/fhq University of Central Florida Libraries http://library.ucf.edu This Full Issue is brought to you for free and open access by STARS. It has been accepted for inclusion in Florida Historical Quarterly by an authorized editor of STARS. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Recommended Citation Society, Florida Historical (1968) "Florida Historical Quarterly, Vol. 47, Number 4," Florida Historical Quarterly: Vol. 47 : No. 4 , Article 1. Available at: https://stars.library.ucf.edu/fhq/vol47/iss4/1 Society: Florida Historical Quarterly, Vol. 47, Number 4 The A PRIL 1969 Published by THE FLORIDA HISTORICAL SOCIETY Published by STARS, 1968 1 Florida Historical Quarterly, Vol. 47 [1968], No. 4, Art. 1 THE FLORIDA HISTORICAL SOCIETY THE HISTORICAL SOCIETY OF FLORIDA, 1856 THE FLORIDA HISTORICAL SOCIETY, successor, 1902 THE FLORIDA HISTORICAL SOCIETY, incorporated, 1905 by GEORGE R. FAIRBANKS, FRANCIS P. FLEMING, GEORGE W. WILSON,CHARLES M. COOPER, JAMES P. TALIAFERRO, V. W. SHIELDS, WILLIAM A. BLOUNT, GEORGE P. RANEY. O FFICERS HERBERT J. DOHERTY, JR., president JAMES C. CRAIG, president-elect JOHN E. JOHNS, vice president PAT DODSON, recording secretary MARGARET L. CHAPMAN, executive secretary D IRECTORS ROBERT H. ACKERMAN MILTON D. JONES LUIS R. ARANA BAYNARD KENDRICK MRS. T. O. BRUCE JAMES H. LIPSCOMB, III JAMES D. BRUTON, JR. N. E. BILL MILLER AUGUST BURGHARD JAMES A. SERVIES MRS.
    [Show full text]
  • GUIDE to FLORIDA the FLOJU'da Panlianol.E
    T.H'EBOOK .LOVER'._$.. ·.-GUIDE. TO..... .... .... FLORIDA. ..... •, . ···-·�·-·----· , ,; EDITED BY KEVIN M.MCCARTHY I Pinenpplc Press, Inc. Sarasom, Florida I . I •• �· -¢:i: I i 10 THE FLORIDA ,,,,, .. ... PANHANDLE } DEAN DEBOLT .:,.-:;-,,,.!-~"'-··, Aj,alacf1icola River Valley ··,,~ Drlvingwcsl on lntcrstOlc 10, <i>doy's 1r:welers cross 1he Apnlachi­ ~i~~~i\~'?~~~··· ~- -:. cola River and immediately adjust their watchei. This river mark.s "·'\. n timc.:a2011cbounda,·y placing much of Florida in the c:lstcro time ... :::.,,, z.oneand the Florida Pnnlmndlc in the c::entrultime 1.one. Yet lhis ..... ,j --. river :,nd the Ap:tlochicola River Vall�y hnve played a strategk part in Florida . hhitory. De Soto•s men crossed the river on their trek into the int:rior1 nnd ...... ,. """·- \�I! .... Spanish, British, and Indian residents placed ST<."clt imporl."lnce on the rc­ "·' &ources of the valley. '" "' · ~ . For lhe Indians, lhc vnllcy sm·rounded by fertile londs ond lush forest '"' ' ' ~'.l!..:,..,......., l' ; provided food, ttade goods (fur pelts), and security. During the Seminole Indian wars, 1he Indians used the Ap:tlochicola River valley to evade army • rcgulm·s who found the junglcHkc terrain nearly impm1s:1blc. Robert Wilder's . ~::t;,,,. ~~\\ ~~/ ',;, Brig!UFearkr (New York: Putnam's, 1948) provides n fiction:tlaccount of life I . ~ ,,~~"''''"'' -A\\ . in this region during the Second Seminole Wnl'. ,., ... ;,.::~~- \\',;.. !\ ... In the 1840s, with the growth of King Cotton n.s the predominantsouthern I ,., ._.,. ..... commodity. the v:illeytook on new iinponancc. The Apalachicola River valley ,.,, . provided a transporlntion conduit from the: interior of Alabama nnd Georgia ..... to the Gulf of Mexico. A thriving movement of crops� passengersJ and l>.,.,:t·-•rr.,x,.i}i?~:ir,~~ .
    [Show full text]
  • Florida Historical Society
    COVER Looking west from Cobb’s Dock on the Indian River down Palmetto Avenue in 1909. The bandstand on the left was the entertainment center for resi- dents of Fort Pierce. The photograph was provided by the St. Lucie County Historical Museum. The Volume LXIII, Number 3 January 1985 THE FLORIDA HISTORICAL SOCIETY COPYRIGHT 1984 by the Florida Historical Society, Tampa, Florida. Second class postage paid at Tampa and DeLeon Springs, Florida. Printed by E. O. Painter Printing Co., DeLeon Springs, Florida. (ISSN 0015-4113) THE FLORIDA HISTORICAL QUARTERLY Samuel Proctor, Editor Richard J. Junkins, Editorial Assistant EDITORIAL ADVISORY BOARD David R. Colburn University of Florida Herbert J. Doherty, Jr. University of Florida Michael V. Gannon University of Florida John K. Mahon University of Florida (Emeritus) Jerrell H. Shofner University of Central Florida Charlton W. Tebeau University of Miami (Emeritus} J. Leitch Wright, Jr. Florida State University Correspondence concerning contributions, books for review, and all editorial matters should be addressed to the Editor, Florida Historical Quarterly, Box 14045, University Station, Gainesville, Florida 32604-2045. The Quarterly is interested in articles and documents pertaining to the history of Florida. Sources, style, footnote form, originality of material and interpretation, clarity of thought, and interest of readers are considered. All copy, including footnotes, should be double-spaced. Footnotes are to be numbered consecutively in the text and assembled at the end of the article. Particular attention should be given to following the footnote style of the Quarterly. The author should submit an original and retain a carbon for security. The Florida Historical Society and the Editor of the Florida Historical Quarterly accept no responsibility for state- ments made or opinions held by authors.
    [Show full text]
  • Topographical Description of Louisiana and West Florida
    University of South Florida Digital Commons @ University of South Florida Early Visions Bucket Early Visions of Florida 1784-01-01 Topographical Description of Louisiana and West Florida Thomas Hutchins Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.usf.edu/early_visions_bucket Recommended Citation Hutchins, Thomas, "Topographical Description of Louisiana and West Florida" (1784). Early Visions Bucket. 38. https://digitalcommons.usf.edu/early_visions_bucket/38 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Early Visions of Florida at Digital Commons @ University of South Florida. It has been accepted for inclusion in Early Visions Bucket by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ University of South Florida. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Early Visions of Florida Poetry • Stories • Chronicles from an American Borderland Thomas Hutchins, Topographical Description of Louisiana and West-Florida Posted on January 16, 2016 Thomas Hutchins (1730-1789) was a geographer, surveyor, frontiersman, engineer and army captain under the British forces. Refusing to fight American Revolutionaries, he was prosecuted for high treason, and upon release made his way to South Carolina. There he joined the Revolutionary forces and fought for American independence. His service garnered him the title of Geographer to the United States in 1781. He was the only person to ever hold this position. An Historical Narrative and Topographical Description of Louisiana and West Florida (1784) gives a base description of the coastline, river systems, and barrier islands of Louisiana and West Florida. Hutchins utilizes soundings and charts created by George Gauld, an engineer employed by the British Admiralty to survey the Gulf Coast.
    [Show full text]
  • Resource Catalog Master List
    Resource Catalog Master List Title Author Section Number of Multiples Tempestuous Triangle: Historical Carswell, Elba 19th Century 3 Notes on Washington County, Wilson Florida The Original of Daggers & Pistols Sutton, Leora M. 19th Century 2 Swords & Brickbats (Transcribed by) The Waterfront Sutton, Leora M. 19th Century Speeches & Sketches Sutton, Leora M. Woodward’s Reminiscences of the Woodward, 19th Century Creek, or Muscogee Indians, Thomas S. Contained in Letters to Friends in Georgia and Alabama The Americanization of the Gulf Ellsworth, Lucius 19th Century 4 Coast 1803 – 1850 F. (Editor) The Cultural Legacy of the Gulf Ellsworth, Lucius 19th Century 3 Coast 1870 – 1940 F. Ellsworth, Linda V. (Editors) Pioneering in the Panhandle: A Wells, William 19th Century Look at Selected Events and James Families as a Part of the History of South Santa Rosa County Pensacola – 1868 Sutton, Leora M. 19th Century The Bay Hotel and Liberty Street Sutton, Leora M. 19th Century 4 Divorce in Pensacola Willis, Bill 19th Century Jackson and the Enchanted City: Robinson, Celia 19th Century 12 Stories of Old Pensacola Myrover Where Romance Flowered: Stories Robinson, Celia 19th Century 7 of Old Pensacola Myrover The Story of the West Florida Arthur, Stanley 19th Century Rebellion Clisby Letters from Harry, Pensacola in Rucker, Brian R. 19th Century 2 1853 (Edited, with Notes and Introduction by) Pensacola (the Naples of America) Chipley, W.D. 19th Century 11 and its Surroundings Illustrated, New Orleans, Mobile , and the Resorts of the Gulf Coast Shadows of the Past of Pensacola Nix, James 19th Century 5 Navy Yard, Old Warrington, Roberts Woolsey, Fort Barrancas, Fort Pickens, Fort Redoubt As I Knew Them, Also Here and There Christmas in Old Pensacola Parks, Virginia 19th Century 3 Naval Documents of the American Clark, William Bell American Revolution Revolution Morgan, William James (Editors) Letters from the Frontiers McCall, Major American Revolution 2 General George A.
    [Show full text]
  • 1774 Mississippi Map
    1774 Mississippi Map “1774 Map of the Mississippi River, from Manchac to the Yazous River” by Robert Lee Hadden, retired map librarian of the US Army Geospatial Center and Dr. Matthew Pearcy, US Army Corps of Engineers, History Office. Special thanks are also given to Mr. Edward J. Redmond, Reference Librarian, Geography & Map Division of the Library of Congress, for his assistance in this article. The Map In May 1989, a number of records, files, photographs and other items were transferred from the US Army Museum at Fort Belvoir, Virginia, to the Headquarters, US Army Corps of Engineers Office of History (CEHO). In Army parlance, this was a “lateral transfer” from one Army office to another. One of the items transferred was identified in the paperwork as “Map. ‘Course of the River Mississippi. 1765.’” In late 2010, the USACE Office of History sent this manuscript map to the Northeast Document Conservation Center (NDCC) in Andover, Massachusetts, for preservation and conservation treatment. Through its own investigation, NDCC established that the map more likely dates to 1774, and not 1765, as indicated by Army Museum records. The title of the map is: “Part of the River Mississippi from Manchae1 to the Yazous River.” Its dimensions are approximately 6’ x 2’ (actual measurements are 72” x 27½”), and the map is hand colored using iron gall ink, graphite, water color and crayon on laid paper. The formal report tells the story of a very old and heavily used map that shows its age. The cloth backed map was received rolled. The paper support consisted of five irregular sheets of paper.
    [Show full text]
  • British Colonial Office West Florida Records Finding
    British Colonial Office CO 5 West Florida Records Annotated List of Contents A DLAR Finding Aid British Colonial Office CO 5—West Florida Records Annotated List of Contents Introduction Contents: Themes Timeline Bibliography The history of the British colony of West Florida represents a tiny microcosm of unique experience within the much larger history of the developing British Empire in the late 18th Century. As such, it provides for historians an interesting example of one small colony’s attempt to emulate the accepted model for imperial development—and its ultimate failure. Although this British colony’s existence was legally terminated by European geopolitics, it had not achieved viability, either economically or politically, by the time it was terminated. The colony’s territory consisted of a fringe of coastal lowlands along the Gulf of Mexico, with alternating sandy and swampy areas, and a large, forested interior. The British sought to colonize the former, especially at Pensacola and Mobile, while the latter remained, for the British, undeveloped wilderness occupied by several tribes of Native Americans. The exception was the interior up the Mississippi River, especially settlements at Baton Rouge and Natchez, which were accessible by water, and which offered richer river-delta soil for agriculture. Geopolitically, this British colony existed for only 20 years, framed by two Treaties of Paris. The first, at the end of the Seven Years War in 1763, gave Spanish West and East Florida to victorious Britain. The second, at the end of the American Revolutionary War in 1783, gave West and East Florida back to victorious Spain.
    [Show full text]
  • Table of Contents
    PENSACOLA, FLORIDA The Search for the Hidden People of St. Michael ’s Cemetery VOLUME II Chapters X-XI; References and Appendices Cryptic Message #2. David S. Hinks. Courtesy of the Arts Council of Northwest Florida Margo S. Stringfield, Stuart Hamilton, Johan Liebens, Jay K. Johnson, Bryan S. Haley, Aaron Fogle, Kendra Kennedy, Siska Williams with contributions by Elizabeth D. Benchley University of West Florida Archaeology Institute Report of Investigations Number 158 December 2008 Funded in part by the State of Florida, Department of State, Division of Historical Resources, assisted by the Florida Historical Commission Chapter X. Into the Archives by: Kendra A. Kennedy And Siska M. Williams Introduction St. Michael’s Cemetery is a historic treasure located in downtown Pensacola. Its gravestones afford a glimpse of the individuals from all classes, ethnicities, and occupations who played a role in shaping the course of Pensacola’s history. Some of the surnames visible in the cemetery are echoed throughout the town and beyond on street markers, building fronts, and park signs. Although many working class individuals’ names are only found in the cemetery, their stones hint at the stories of those whose labor transformed the early colonial city of Pensacola into a bustling maritime port. While St. Michael’s was officially established by the Spanish crown in 1807 on what were then the northern limits of the Spanish settlement of Panzacola, Spanish citizens may have been burying individuals in the cemetery long before. Even so, the oldest documented grave in the cemetery only dates to 1812 (Bruington 1986: ix). Also strikingly absent on the Pensacola landscape are the graves of colonial residents who died in Pensacola during the city’s British period (1763-1781) and earlier Spanish occupation (ca.
    [Show full text]
  • Graveyard for Britons, West Florida, 1763-1781
    Florida Historical Quarterly Volume 47 Number 4 Florida Historical Quarterly, Vol 47, Article 3 Number 4 1968 Graveyard For Britons, West Florida, 1763-1781 Robert R. Rea Part of the American Studies Commons, and the United States History Commons Find similar works at: https://stars.library.ucf.edu/fhq University of Central Florida Libraries http://library.ucf.edu This Article is brought to you for free and open access by STARS. It has been accepted for inclusion in Florida Historical Quarterly by an authorized editor of STARS. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Recommended Citation Rea, Robert R. (1968) "Graveyard For Britons, West Florida, 1763-1781," Florida Historical Quarterly: Vol. 47 : No. 4 , Article 3. Available at: https://stars.library.ucf.edu/fhq/vol47/iss4/3 Rea: Graveyard For Britons, West Florida, 1763-1781 “GRAVEYARD FOR BRITONS,” WEST FLORIDA, 1763-1781 by ROBERT R. REA ODAY IT IS KNOWN as the Miracle Strip, and every spring its T long white beaches beckon to sun-starved multitudes who flock to that stretch of coast centering upon Pensacola to the east and Mobile to the west. There lie warmth, relaxation, recreation, and health. Few of today’s sun-worshipers remember that Pensacola was once the swampy, fever-infested capital of British West Florida, and that Mobile was known as a “grave- yard for Britons.” Whatever the romantic attributes of French and Spanish colonization of the Gulf coast, when the British occupied the region late in 1763 its prospects were far from encouraging. l Pensacola had been abandoned by its Spanish population, and the British troops were barracked in “miserable bark huts with- out any sort of fire places or windows, void of every necessary utensil.” 2 Mobile boasted a regular fort, but the redcoats who stumbled ashore, “all eat up by the scurvy” after weeks at sea, found Ft.
    [Show full text]