Journal of Clinical Medicine Review Familial Melanoma and Susceptibility Genes: A Review of the Most Common Clinical and Dermoscopic Phenotypic Aspect, Associated Malignancies and Practical Tips for Management Lamberto Zocchi 1 , Alberto Lontano 1, Martina Merli 1, Emi Dika 2 , Eduardo Nagore 3 , Pietro Quaglino 1, Susana Puig 4 and Simone Ribero 1,* 1 Department of Medical Sciences, Dermatology Clinic, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy;
[email protected] (L.Z.);
[email protected] (A.L.);
[email protected] (M.M.);
[email protected] (P.Q.) 2 Dermatology, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy;
[email protected] 3 Department of Dermatology, Instituto Valenciano de Oncología, 46009 València, Spain;
[email protected] 4 Melanoma Unit, Dermatology Department, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Universitat de Barcelona, 08001 Barcelona, Spain;
[email protected] * Correspondence:
[email protected] Abstract: A family history of melanoma greatly increases the risk of developing cutaneous melanoma, a highly aggressive skin cancer whose incidence has been steadily increasing worldwide. Familial Citation: Zocchi, L.; Lontano, A.; melanomas account for about 10% of all malignant melanomas and display an inheritance pattern Merli, M.; Dika, E.; Nagore, E.; consistent with the presence of pathogenic germline mutations, among which those involving Quaglino, P.; Puig, S.; Ribero, S. CDKN2A are the best characterized. In recent years,