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Construction of the Reality of Surya Paloh's Political Maneuver News on Gatra and Tempo Magazine

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Construction of the Reality of Surya Paloh's Political Maneuver News on Gatra and Tempo Magazine CONSTRUCTION OF THE REALITY OF SURYA PALOH'S POLITICAL MANEUVER NEWS ON GATRA AND TEMPO MAGAZINE Rina Sovianti1 Saeful Mujab2 Erita Riski Putri3 1.Faculty of Communication Universitas Bhayangkara Jakarta Raya Email:[email protected] 2Faculty of Communication Universitas Bhayangkara Jakarta Raya Email:[email protected] 3Fakultas Ilmu Komunikasi Universitas Ibnu Chaldun Jakarta Email: [email protected] Abstract This study aims to determine the reality of Surya Paloh's political maneuvering in Gatra and Tempo Magazines by examining the issue of Surya Paloh's maneuvering framed by Gatra and Tempo Magazines. The diversity of news versions has shown that behind the greatness of journalists in promoting independence and objectives, there are still other sides such as interests, ideology, politics, economics, social, culture, religion, and others. In other words, there is still background influential journalists, either strong or weak, in reporting something that cannot be separated from the news. Based on this background, it is interesting to deeply investigate the Reality Construction of Surya Paloh's Political Maneuver Coverage in Gatra and Tempo Magazines. The research method uses a qualitative method and a descriptive approach, and uses the Robert N Entman model framing analysis method to analyze the data. The results of this study are: first, Gatra Magazine published news that led to Surya Paloh's maneuvering to the opposition. Surya Paloh's disappointments with the elected president that made Surya Paloh take the opposition step; second, Tempo Magazine reported that Surya Paloh's maneuvers were aimed at the opposition and the coalition or standing on two legs. Furthermore, it is necessary to conduct more in-depth research on the political maneuvers of other political actors, both those who play safe, as well as political opposition actors, as well as media other than Gatra and Tempo magazines, as comparisons and complements. Keywords: Construction, Reality of News, Political Maneuvers. 58 | MAKNA: Jurnal Kajian Komunikasi, Bahasa dan Budaya Volume 9, No. 2 September 2021 INTRODUCTION surrounding the presidential election Media and journalists were widely discussed by the two basically have to be independent and camps. Both camps also exchanged objective in reporting the news. issues surrounding the general However, the reality is that news election. In fact, it was not readers often get the same news but uncommon for the media to bring up in different versions. Certain media fake news (Malik, 2017). The media report an event by highlighting a even began to side with the certain aspect or side of the news presidential candidate who was whereas other media report a predicted to win the general election. different side of the news. The Political parties are also diversity of news’ versions shows divided into two; political parties that that despite the greatness of support Prabowo Subianto and j o u r n a l i s t s i n p r o m o t i n g political parties that support Joko independence and objectivity, there Widodo. While the political parties are still other sides such as interests, that support Prabowo Subianto and ideology, politics, economy, social, Sandiaga Uno are the Prosperous culture, religion, and others which Justice Party (PKS), the National affect journalists (Martinisi & Lugo- M a n d a t e P a r t y ( PA N ) , t h e Ocando, 2015). In other words, the Democratic Party, and the Greater background of journalists influence Indonesia Movement Party the way they report their news. (Gerindra), Joko Widodo and Ma'ruf Indonesian people have loved Amin were supported by the political news since the 2019 Indonesian Democratic Party (PDIP), presidential election. Indonesian the National Awakening Party people were divided into two camps (PKB), the Indonesian Unity Party of presidential candidates’ (PPP), the People's Conscience Party supporters; the supporters of Joko (Hanura), the National Democratic Widodo and the supporters of P a r t y ( P K B ) . N a s d e m ) , t h e Prabowo Subianto. Various issues Indonesian Justice and Unity Party 59 | MAKNA: Jurnal Kajian Komunikasi, Bahasa dan Budaya Volume 9, No. 2 September 2021 (PKPI), and the Golkar Party previously allocated to four people (Golkar). from the Nasdem Party was reduced The National Democratic to three representatives of Nasdem. Party or commonly abbreviated as Based on these disappointments, the the Nasdem Party is chaired by General Chairman of the Nasdem Surya Paloh. In the 2019 presidential Party took steps that could be and vice presidential elections, interpreted as opposing the Nasdem was very enthusiastic in Government. Surya Paloh’s expressing its support for the statements can also be seen in Presidential and Vice-Presidential several newspapers or magazines. Candidates, Joko Widodo and Ma'ruf Two of them are Gatra and Tempo Amin. However, after the general magazine. election was held and won by Joko I n r e g a r d s t o t h e a b o v e Widodo and Ma'ruf Amin, Surya statement, it seems interesting to Paloh as the General Chair of the investigate deeper about ‘the Reality Nasdem Party expressed his Construction of Surya Paloh's disappointment with the policies Political Maneuver Coverage in taken by President Joko Widodo. The Gatra and Tempo Magazines’. The disappointments experienced by question of this research is how the Surya Paloh seemed to be caused by construction of the reality of Surya Surya Paloh's wishes that Joko Paloh's political maneuvering news Widodo as the president of Indonesia in Gatra and Tempo magazines is. c o u l d n o t f u l f i l l . T h e s e The purpose of this study is to find disappointments include the out the reality construction of Surya replacement of the Attorney General Paloh's political maneuvering news who was previously held by a person in Gatra and Tempo Magazines by from the Nasdem Party, the entry of examining how Surya Paloh's the Gerindra Party into the maneuver is framed by Gatra and government coalition, and the Tempo Magazines. ministerial seat’s allocation which 60 | MAKNA: Jurnal Kajian Komunikasi, Bahasa dan Budaya Volume 9, No. 2 September 2021 Media can construct reality, quality that exists in reality that is but it can also present hyperreality. recognized as having an existence Hyperreality leads people to believe (being) independent of one's own an image as the truth, even though in will while knowledge is defined as reality it is only a dramatization of the certainty that the realities are real reality and a falsification of the truth, and have specific characteristics which is "beyond reality" (Sobur, (Putra, et al, 2019). Furthermore, 2009). Constructivism theory states Berger and Luckman also said that that each individual gives meaning there was a discussion about whether and behaves according to the individuals creating society or conceptual categories of his mind. society creating individuals. This Reality that is raised is not just in a process goes through three stages raw state, but it filters through the starting from externalization person's perspective of seeing (adjustment) to the socio-cultural e v e r y t h i n g t h a t e x i s t s . T h e world as a human product. Then constructivist paradigm sees the there is an objectivation, namely reality of social life as not a natural social interactions that occur in the reality, but the result of construction. intersubjective world that is Therefore, the concentration of institutionalized or undergoes a analysis in the constructivist process of institutionalization. In paradigm is to find out how the event addition, there is an internalization or or reality is constructed, and in what a process by which individuals way the construction is formed identify themselves with social (Mayasari, 2017). institutions or social organizations Meanwhile, Berger and where individuals are members Luckmann explain that the theory of (Bungin, 2011). social media construction starts from According to Goffman, the social reality by separating the concept of frame analysis understanding of "Knowledge" and sociologically maintains the "reality". Reality is defined as the continuity of our habit of classifying, 61 | MAKNA: Jurnal Kajian Komunikasi, Bahasa dan Budaya Volume 9, No. 2 September 2021 organizing and actively interpreting measured by the researcher is our life experiences in order to how the tendency of the media to u n d e r s t a n d t h e m . T h e s e report, whether positive or interpretative schemata are called negative, from a text. Here the frames, which allow individuals to text is seen as something linear. localize, perceive, identify and label It is not at all noticed that in the events and information(Sobur, text there are protrusions that 2009). affect the reading of a text. Robert N. Entman is one of 4) General opinion. The scope of the experts who laid the foundations this research is very much, for for framing analysis for the study of example, polls on how questions media content, in this case related to arranged with certain frames the communication paradigm. affect audience answers According to Entman, framing is (Eriyanto, 2012). used to examine the following Entman divides framing into concepts: four elements as follows. First, 1) Audience autonomy. It is about defining problems. This element is how audiences interpret and the main frame that emphasizes how encode symbols and messages events are interpreted differently by received as well as how a text is journalists, so that it is natural that read dominantly by the audience, each journalist has a different and why the text is read in a perspective. Second, diagnosing the certain way and not in another cause (estimating the cause of the way.
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