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A B S T R a C T © 2020 Bingkai Yusril Ihza Mahendra Menjadi Pengacara Kalijaga Journal of Communication, Vol. 2, No. 2, 2020: 93-106, DOI: https://doi.org/10.14421/kjc.22.01.2020 ISSN (e): 2685-1334; ISSN (p): 2775-1414, http://ejournal.uin-suka.ac.id/dakwah/kjc/index Bingkai Yusril Ihza Mahendra menjadi Pengacara Jokowi-Ma’ruf dalam Media Daring M. Sabron Sukmanul Hakim(a)(*) (a) UIN Sunan Kalijaga *Korespondensi Penulis, Alamat: Jl. Laksda Adisucipto, Papringan, Caturtunggal, Kec. Depok, Kabupaten Sleman, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia, Email: [email protected] A B S T R A C T Keywords: This paper discusses the mass media polemic when Yusril Ihza Mahendra Yusril Ihza Mahendra, became a lawyer for Jokowi-Ma’ruf in the 2019 presidential election. Media, Jokowi-Ma’ruf Previously, Yusril was a lawyer for Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia (HTI) which later became a banned organization in Indonesia. In addition, Yusril was previously known as a critic of Jokowi and an active defender of Prabowo along with the party he leads, the Crescent Star Party (PBB). The focus of this research is to explore three mass media that are well known to the general public: Sindonews.com, Kompas.com, and Republika.co.id to see how the mass media dared to frame the coverage of Yusril Ihza Mahendra’s decision to become Jokowi-Ma’ruf’s campaign team. By using a qualitative research methodology, this study also uses Robert N. Entman’s framing analysis to see the framing. This is done in order to penetrate the reporting frame made by the three brave mass media. The findings of this study indicate that the three media have different attitudes. Sindonews.com showed Yusril’s choice neutrally with all parties involved. Meanwhile, Kompas.com seems to be more inclined to side with the Jokowi-Ma’ruf camp with the proportion of the Yusril and the Jokowi-Ma’ruf camp being more. Meanwhile, Republika. co.id appears to be contravening by presenting parties who feel aggrieved by Yusril’s decision to become Jokowi-Ma’ruf’s successful lawyer. A B S T R A K Kata Kunci: Tulisan ini membahas polemik media massa saat Yusril Ihza Mahendra Yusril Ihza Mahendra, menjadi pengacara Jokowi-Ma’ruf pada pemilihan umum presiden 2019. Media, Jokowi-Ma’ruf Sebelumnya, Yusril menjadi pengacara bagi Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia (HTI) yang kemudian menjadi organisasi terlarang di Indonesia. Selain itu, Yusril sebelumnya juga dikenal sebagai pengkritik Jokowi dan pembela aktif Prabowo bersama partai yang dipimpinnya, Partai Bulan Bintang (PBB). Fokus penelitian ini adalah meneroka tiga media massa daring yang sudah dikenal khalayak umum: Sindonews.com, Kompas.com, dan Republika.co.id untuk melihat bagaimana media massa daring membingkai pemberitaan keputusan Yusril Ihza Mahendra menjadi pengacara tim sukses Jokowi- Ma’ruf. Dengan menggunakan metodologi penelitian kualitatif, penelitian ini juga menggunakan analisis framing Robert N. Entman untuk melihat pembingkaian tersebut. Hal ini dilakukan agar dapat meneroka bingkai pemberitaan yang dilakukan oleh ketiga media massa daring. Temuan All Publications by Kalijaga Journal of Communication are licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 Interna- © 2020 tional License. M. Sabron Sukmanul Hakim penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa ketiga media tersebut memiliki sikap yang berbeda. Sindonews.com menunjukkan secara netral pilihan Yusril dengan menghadirkan semua pihak yang terlibat. Sedangkan Kompas.com terlihat lebih condong berpihak pada kubu Jokowi-Ma’ruf dengan proporsi pihak Yusril dan kubu Jokowi-Ma’ruf lebih banyak. Sementara Republika.co.id terlihat kontra dengan menampilkan pihak-pihak yang merasa dirugikan atas keputusan Yusril menjadi pengacara tim sukses Jokowi-Ma’ruf. Pendahuluan Joko Widodo dalam situs web Setkab.go.id Pilihan Yusril Ihza Mahendra (Rachmawati et al., 2019). Penelitian ini menjadi kuasa hukum tim Jokowi-Ma’ruf menelisik pembingkaian berita dalam situs pada perhelatan pemilihan umum presiden web tersebut tentang bagaimana Jokowi 2019 menuai perdebatan di media massa menghadapi isu anti-Islam pada periode (Rakhmatulloh, 2018b). Perdebatan pertama pemerintahannya. Penelitian tersebut menimbulkan beragam polemik terkait isu Islam juga menjadi perhatian disebabkan oleh jejak Yusril yang dianggap penelitian lain bagaimana konten keislaman bermasalah. Mulai menjadi pengkritik dibingkai dalam media massa daring (Amri, keras pemerintahan Jokowi, pembela 2018). Selain itu, penelitian pemberitaan Prabowo sampai kuasa hukum Hizbut yang menelisik kasus dugaan penistaan Tahrir Indonesia (Ihsanuddin, 2018b). agama oleh Sukmawati Soekarnoputri di Oleh karena itu, Yusril pun diminta untuk media nasional juga memuat bagaimana melepaskan kuasa hukumnya atas HTI media nasional melakukan pembingkaian dan fokus menjadi kuasa hukum tim kasus tersebut (Fathaniyah, 2018) dan Jokowi (Erdianto, 2018). Yusril sendiri bagaimana pula media massa melakukan juga menyatakan bahwa dirinya tidak pembingkaian berita terhadap kelompok tergabung dalam tim sukses (Ihsanuddin, minoritas tertentu (Pratiwi, 2018). Selain 2018a). Selain itu, pihak Dewan Dakwah itu, bagaimana pula media melakukan Islamiyah Indonesia (DDII), salah satu pembingkaian berita terhadap kasus tempat di mana Yusril sebagai anggota korban kekerasan seperti yang dialami aktif menyatakan tidak keberatan dengan oleh Novel Baswedan (Afifah, 2019). pilihan itu (Amrullah, 2018). Yusril juga Selain itu pula, pemberitaan menegaskan bahwa pilihan tersebut atas politik nasional yang tidak kalah menarik pilihan pribadi bukan merupakan sikap di kalangan peneliti. Penelitian yang Partai Bulan Bintang (PBB) (Ikhwanuddin, dilakukan oleh Setiowati (2019) mencoba 2018) dan bahkan dinilai merugikan partai menjabarkan pembingkaian media massa tersebut (Simanjuntak, 2018a). daring saat Basuki Tjahaya Purnama atau Pembingkaian polemik media massa yang lebih dikenal Ahok mundur dari terhadap seorang tokoh publik sudah sering Partai Gerindra (Setiowati & Suciati, dilakukan. Penelitian yang dilakukan oleh 2019). Penelitian lain tentang politik di Maghfirah (Maghfirah, 2018) meneroka antaranya adalah pembingkaian berita saat pembingkaian dalam dakwah Hanan Mahfud MD melakukan klarifikasi saat Attaki dan ustaz Felix Siaw melalui konten dirinya gagal dari pencalonan diri sebagai media sosialnya, terutama foto dan video wakil presiden yang mendampingi Joko di akun instagram resminya. Penelitian Widodo (Afiane, 2019). lain yang juga memuat framing Presiden 94 Kalijaga Journal of Communication, Vol. 2, No. 2, 2020: 93-106 Bingkai Yusril Ihza Mahendra menjadi Pengacara Jokowi-Ma’ruf dalam Media Daring Berdasarkan penelitian di atas, berita. Framing Entman menekankan perbedaan penelitian ini dengan penelitian bagaimana menggambarkan suatu proses yang telah dilakukan adalah bahwa seleksi dan menonjolkan aspek tertentu penelitian ini merupakan kajian media dari realitas oleh media. yang fokus pada bagaimana tiga media Seleksi isu merupakan pemilihan daring mengonstruksi pemberitaan fakta dari beragam realitas yang kompleks. mengenai Yusril Ihza Mahendra saat Oleh karena itu, proses seleksi ini ditunjuk sebagai pengacara tim Jokowi memungkinkan melihat pemberitaan media Ma’ruf pada perhelatan pemilu presiden secara utuh. Mana yang ditampilkan dan 2019. Penelitian ini meneroka tiga media mana yang disingkirkan. Proses tersebut di antaranya: Sindonews.com dengan enam selalu mengandung bagian berita yang berita, Kompas.com dengan 6 berita, dan tersirat di dalamnya. Sebab, tidak semua Republika.co.id dengan enam berita. Dari realitas ditampilkan di badan berita dengan temuan masing-masing media tersebut, beberapa alasan yang dipilih oleh dapur akan mewakili berita yang dianalisis. Mulai redaksi media massa. dari tanggal 5-7 November 2018 dan berita pada lain hari yang masih cukup terkait Selain itu, pada sisi penonjolan aspek, dengan topik tersebut. selalu dikaitkan dengan penonjolan fakta tertentu. Aspek ini berhubungan dengan penulisan fakta. Ketika aspek tertentu dari Metode Penelitian suatu peristiwa/isu tersebut dipilih dan Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian bagaimana aspek tersebut ditulis, maka kualitatif deskriptif yang meneroka hal tersebut sangat berkaitan dengan pembingkaian berita yang dilakukan pemakaian kata, kalimat, gambar dan media massa. Penelitian kualitatif mencoba citra tertentu untuk ditampilkan kepada memahami fenomena pemberitaan dengan khalayak. konteks aslinya. Selain itu, peneliti tidak Penonjolan aspek tertentu tersebut berusaha mengintervensi pemberitaan merupakan proses agar informasi dapat yang akan diamati (Bungin, 2011). menjadi lebih bermakna dan punya nilai Penelitian jenis kualitatif memiliki tujuan di hadapan pembaca. Fakta yang disajikan untuk menjelaskan suatu fenomena secara menonjol dan mencolok punya peluang secara interpretatif dan digunakan untuk besar diperhatikan dan mempengaruhi memahami perspektif pelaku (Sarosa, 2012). khalayak untuk memahamnya. Oleh karena Dalam kasus Yusril, peneliti mencoba itu, dalam praktik pembingkaian berita untuk meneroka pemberitaan media yang dijalankan, media massa melakukan massa daring saat menjadi pengacara tim seleksi isu tertentu dan mengabaikan atau Jokowi-Ma’ruf yang sebelum dikritiknya menyingkirkan isu yang lain. Seleksi isu dan bahkan menjadi bagian dari lawan tersebut berupa penonjolan aspek isu politik, yakni Prabowo Subianto. dengan penempatan yang mencolok di Guna melihat pembingkaian halaman headline, halaman depan, atau berita media massa, maka perlu analisis bagian belakang. Kata penonjolan (salience) framing Robert N. Entman untuk didefinisikan sebagai membuat
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