Diogo De Mayrinck Relações Filogenéticas Dos Otophysi

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Diogo De Mayrinck Relações Filogenéticas Dos Otophysi THESE Pour l’obtention du grade de DOCTEUR DE L’UNIVERSITÉ DE POITIERS DOUTOR DA UNIVERSIDADE DO ESTADO DO RIO DE JANEIRO (co-tutelle de thèse) Faculté de Sciences Fondamentales et Appliqués (Diplôme National – arrêté du 25 avril 2002) Ecole Doctorale Gay Lussac Secteur de Recherche : Terre Solide et Enveloppes Superficielles Discipline : Paléontologie de Vertébrés Présenté par Diogo de Mayrinck Relações Filogenéticas dos Otophysi (Actinopterygii, Teleostei), com ênfase em Characiformes, incluindo as formas fósseis Relations phylogénétiques des Otophyses (Actinopterygii, Teleostei), en particulier des Characiformes et en incluant les formes fossiles Sous la direction de Paulo Marques Machado Brito, Professeur Olga Otero, Maitres de Conférence HDR Date de soutenance prévue : le 10 décembre 2010, à Poitiers Devant la comission d’examen JURY W. COSTA Professeur, Universidade. Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rapporteur J. ALVARADO-ORTEGA Professeur, Universidad. Nacional Autónoma México Rapporteur F. MEUNIER Professeur, MNHN de Paris Examinateur L . CAVIN Conservateur, MNHN de Genève Examinateur P. VIGNAUD Professeur, Université de Poitiers Examinateur P. BRITO Professeur, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Directeur O. OTERO MCU, U. Poitiers Directrice AGRADECIMENTOS (Remerciement) Ao Dr. Paulo Marques Machado Brito pela amizade, cumplicidade e orientação durante todo o tempo em que faço parte do Laboratório de Ictiologia, Tempo e Espaço. Muito obrigado, por todas as chances, pelo meu estágio “sanduíche” na França e por ter me mostrado o quão pequeno é o mundo. A Dra. Olga Otero que me possibilitou a realização do estágio “sanduíche” na Univeristé de Poitiers, por todo o afinco com que se ocupou dos meus textos e do andamento da tese. Muito obrigado, por ter me proporcionado o melhor ano da minha vida. Agradeço especialmente aos meus pais, Mário e Catia, por todo apoio, suporte e amor dedicados ao longo de toda minha vida, sem os quais não teria conseguido fazer esta tese. Aos meus familiares que muito me apoiaram, minha avó Verinha, Tia Rihanne, Tio Paulino, Paula, Tia Lívia e Tia Dora. Agradeço à minha namorada Rachel pela paciência, amizade, cumplicidade e compreensão dedicados ao longo desta tese. Ao Professor Dr. Jesús Alvarado-Ortega pelas correções desta tese. Ao Dr. Manoel Francisco do Instituto Superior Técnico de Lisboa por ter concedido o empréstimo de alguns exemplares de †Lusitanichthys. Ao Dr. Miguel Ramalho do Museo do Serviço Geológico de Portugal, Lisboa, por ter me possibilitado a observar os exemplares de †Salminops. ii Ao Dr. Patrice Pruvost e Roman Caisse, por terem gentilmente me concedido um empréstimo de alguns exemplares da coleção icitiológica do Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris, França. Ao Dr. Gael Clement e Dra. Monet Veran por terem me recebido no Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle. Ao Dr. Michel Martin do Musée d’Histoire Naturelle de Boulogne-sur-Mer. À Dra. Vaccari, do Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Verona, Itália, por ter me recebido nesse museu. À Dra. Zerina Johanson, do The Natural History Museum, Londres, pelo empréstimo dos exemplares de Chanoides depositados nessa coleção. Agradeço a todos do IPHEP (Institut International de Paléoprimatologie, Paléontologia Humaine : Evolution et Paléoenvironnements) pela recepção que tive quando cheguei em Poitiers. Agradeço ao Dr. Jean Jacques Jaeger, ao Dr. Patrick Vignaud e ao Dr. Michel Brunet por terem me acolhido nesse laboratório. À Ghislaine Florent e Carine Noel pela simpatia constante e por terem me ajudado com muitas ordens de missão. À Frank Guy, Mathieu Schuster, Géraldine Garcia, Jean Renaud, Cécile Blondel, Mouloud Benammi por toda a simpatia e amizade. À Xavier Valentin e Sabine Riffaut pela simpatia e pela ajuda com a preparação de alguns fósseis e melhoramento de fotos. À Soizic Le Fur (ma petite merveille de la Bretagne), Camille Grohé (ma petite merveille de la Picardie), Pauline Coster (ma petite merveille d’Annecy), Madame Pinton, Thibaut Bienvenu (notre cochon de la Mayenne), Guillaume Billet, Edouard- Georges, Olivier Chavasseau, Antoine et Sohyee. Un merci énorme et tout spécial à iii Soizic, Camille, Pauline, Aurélie, Thibaut, Antoine et Guillaume pour toute amitié, générosité et patience. Merci pour la mieux année de toute ma vie. Merci a tous pour vous aviez fait les efforts pour comprendre mon Français ancien. Tous me manquent trop et j’espère vous rencontrer dès que possible. Maintenant Je suis Frasilien! Putain!!! Agradeço também ao meu filho, Caio Mayrinck, por ter colaborado imensamente para meu amadurecimento pessoal e profissional. À Tio Carlos e Tia Ana que sempre me ajudaram nos momentos de maior aflição e que sempre tinham alguma palavra de apoio. Aos meus amigos que sempre estiveram comigo: Alex, Chiquinho e Rodolfo. Um especial agradecimento a Chiquinho por ter gentilmente me cedido suas milhagens em companhias aéreas, sem as quais alguns trabalhos de campo estariam comprometidos. Aos meus colegas do laboratório de Ictiologia, Andréa, Lupa (com inestimável contribuição com as fotos e inúmeras discussões sobre sistemática filogenética), Chuck, Kleyton, Camila, Gisele, Ney e Ivan (companheiro de perrengue no final de ano). Um especial obrigado a Lupa (nosso Lulu), por ajuda em trabalhos de coleta e incansáveis discussões cladísticas. Agradeço novamente ao Dr. Paulo Brito por todos esses anos de orientação e amizade. Agradeço novamente à Dra. Olga Otero pela oportunidade, simpatia e amizade com que me recebeu em Poitiers. Agradeço mais que especialmente e acima de tudo aos meus pais e à eles dedico esse trabalho. iv LISTA DE FIGURAS E TABELA DOS CAPÍTULOS 1, 2, 5 e 6 Figura 1 Mapas com indicação dos continentes onde se encontra cada linhagem de 2 Otophysi. Tabela 1 Tabela com as famílias válidas de acordo com Eschmeyer & Fong (Setembro de 3 2009) de cada ordem entre os Otophysi. Figura 2 A, vista lateral do Aparato de Weber. B, detalhe da vista lateral da bexiga 4 natatória e dos ossículos de Weber. Figura 3 Hipóteses de relações filogenéticas dos Ostariophysi anteriores ao trabalho de 6 Rosen & Greenwood (1970). Figura 4 Hipóteses de relações filogenéticas dos clados dos Otophysi 11 Figura 5 Gênero †Clupavus introduzido no cladograma de Fink & Fink (1981). 19 Modificado de Taverne (1995). Figura 6 A. Mapa dos depósitos Cenomanianos-Turonianos na bacia de Tafilalt no 24 Marrocos e áreas próximas, com as localidades das assembléis fossilíferas. B. Localizações geográficas de afloramentos do Cenomaniano Inferior do Platô kem Kem. Figura 7 Mapa do Cretáceo Superior com a distribuição de alguns táxons. 31 Figura 8 Mapa do Cretáceo Inferior indicando a região onde é encontrado †Santanichthys 33 diasii. Figura 9 Mapa indicando o ponto de coleta na Ilha de Marajó. A estrela marca a localidade 38 dentro da Fazenda Santa Cruz, na lagoa Santa Cruz. Figura 10 Trabalho de campo no norte da Argentina. 39 Figura 11 Mapa da América do Sul mostrando os pontos de coleta de espécies atuais. 39 Figura 12 Foto do holótipo de †Lusitanichthys characiformis. 40 Figura 13 Foto do holótipo de †Lusitanichthys africanus mostrando o molde impregnado 41 por magnésio. Figura 14 Foto do holótipo SGP-6657 D de †Salminops ibericus. 41 v Figura 15 Foto do holótipo de †Sorbinicharax verraesi (Na 499). 42 Figura 16 Foto do exemplar P.28397 de †Chanoides macropoma. 42 Figura 17 Foto do holótipo de †Chanoides chardoni. 43 Figura 18 Foto do holótipo e único exemplar de †Chanoides weberi. 43 Figura 19 Distichodus affinis preparado através da descarnação por coleópteros 45 dermestídeos. Figura 20 A, reconstrução de Lepidosiren paradoxa gentilmente cedida por Lucio Crivano 48 (2010, tese inédita); B, Distichodus affinis. Figura 21 A, foto das primeiras vértebras do exemplar SGP 6657D; B, desenho 193 interpretativo das primeiras vértebras; C, desenho retirado de Gayet (1985, fig 8), descrevendo o que ela ientificou como Aparato de Weber. Figura 22 A, foto do esqueleto caudal do exemplar SGP 6657 D, †Salminops ibericus; B, 195 desenho do esqueleto caudal; C, desenho retirado de Gayet (1985b, fig 11). Figura 23 A, foto do exemplar Na 47, †Sorbinicharax verraesi; B, desenho interpretativo; 200 C, desenho retirado de Taverne (2003, fig. 9). Figura 24 Resultado da análise de parcimônia através da busca exata Branch and Bound. 231/232 Figura 25 Resultado da análise excluindo as formas fósseis mostrando a mesma topologia 233 proposta por Fink & Fink (1996) para os Otophysi. Figura 26 Caráter 18 (ausência de basi-esfenóide) como um exemplo do problema 237 encontrado na otimização com ACTRAN. Figura 27 Consenso de Adams mostrando a relação de †Santanichthys diasii, que se 246 manteve junto dos táxons atuais e Consenso Estrito que mostra †Santanichthys diasii formando uma politomia basal em Otophysi. vi LISTA DE FIGURAS DO CAPÍTULO 3 Figura 1 A e A1, foto e desenho do espécime MCSNV Na 173 de †Chanoides chardoni; B 65 e B1, foto e desenho do espécime MCSNV Na 523 de †C. chardoni; C e C1, foto e desenho do espécime NHML P.52126 de †C. macropoma. Figura 2 A e A1, espécime MCSNV Na 108 de †C. chardoni mostrando detalhes do 71 provável rinosfenóide; B e B1, espécime MCSNV Na 173 de †C. chardoni mostrando dethes do processo basipterigóide; D e D1, espécime NHML P.52126 de †C. macropoma mostrando detalhes do processo basipterigóide. Figura 3 A e A1, foto e desenho do espécime MCSNV Na 175 de †C. chardoni; B e B1, 75 foto e desenho do espécime MCSNV Na 173 de †C. chardoni. Figura 4 A e A1, C e C1, foto e desenho do espécime MCSNV Na 173 de †C. chardoni 78 ilustrando detalhes dos dois côndilos de articulação da hiomandibula e também o endopterigóide; B e B1, foto e desenho do espécime NHML P.52126 de †C. macropoma ilustrando detalhes dos dois côndilos de articulação da hiomandibula; D e D1, foto e desenho do espécime NHML P.28397 de †C. macropoma. Figura 5 A e A1 foto e desenho do espécime NHML P.52126 de †C.
Recommended publications
  • Download Curriculum Vitae
    Curriculum Vitae SCOTT ALLEN SCHAEFER PERSONAL Address: American Museum of Natural History e mail: [email protected] Division of Vertebrate Zoology Voice: 212-769-5652 Central Park West at 79th Street Mobile: 215-570-2943 New York, NY 10024-5192 Fax: 212-769-5642 EDUCATION Ph.D. Evolutionary Biology, University of Chicago, 1986. Faculty advisors: Dr. G.V. Lauder, Dr. R.K. Johnson Dissertation: Historical Biology of the Loricariid Catfishes: Phylogenetics and Functional Morphology M.S. Marine Science, University of South Carolina, 1982. Faculty advisor: Dr. J.M. Dean Thesis: Variability in Abundance of the Summer-Spawned Ichthyoplankton Community of North Inlet Estuary, South Carolina B.S. Zoology, Ohio State University, 1980. POSTDOCTORAL 1987-1988 Smithsonian Postdoctoral Fellow, Dept. of Vertebrate Zoology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution. 1986-1987 Postdoctoral Fellow in Ichthyology, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County. PROFESSIONAL APPOINTMENTS 2015- Dean of Science for Collections, Exhibitions, and the Public Understanding of Science, American Museum of Natural History. 2010-2015 Associate Dean of Science for Collections, American Museum of Natural History. 2008- Professor, Richard Gilder Graduate School, American Museum of Natural History. 2003- Curator, American Museum of Natural History. 2001-2008 Curator-in-Charge, Dept. of Ichthyology, American Museum of Natural History. 1996-2003 Associate Curator, American Museum of Natural History. 1994-1996 Associate Curator, Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. 1991-1996 Chairman, Dept. of Ichthyology, Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. 1988-1993 Assistant Curator, Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. ACADEMIC AND ADJUNCT APPOINTMENTS 2005 External Thesis Examiner, E.R. Swartz, PhD candidate in molecular genetics, “Phylogenetics, phylogeography and evolution of the redfins (Teleostei, Cyprinidae, Pseudobarbus) from southern Africa, University of Pretoria, South Africa.
    [Show full text]
  • A Rapid Biological Assessment of the Upper Palumeu River Watershed (Grensgebergte and Kasikasima) of Southeastern Suriname
    Rapid Assessment Program A Rapid Biological Assessment of the Upper Palumeu River Watershed (Grensgebergte and Kasikasima) of Southeastern Suriname Editors: Leeanne E. Alonso and Trond H. Larsen 67 CONSERVATION INTERNATIONAL - SURINAME CONSERVATION INTERNATIONAL GLOBAL WILDLIFE CONSERVATION ANTON DE KOM UNIVERSITY OF SURINAME THE SURINAME FOREST SERVICE (LBB) NATURE CONSERVATION DIVISION (NB) FOUNDATION FOR FOREST MANAGEMENT AND PRODUCTION CONTROL (SBB) SURINAME CONSERVATION FOUNDATION THE HARBERS FAMILY FOUNDATION Rapid Assessment Program A Rapid Biological Assessment of the Upper Palumeu River Watershed RAP (Grensgebergte and Kasikasima) of Southeastern Suriname Bulletin of Biological Assessment 67 Editors: Leeanne E. Alonso and Trond H. Larsen CONSERVATION INTERNATIONAL - SURINAME CONSERVATION INTERNATIONAL GLOBAL WILDLIFE CONSERVATION ANTON DE KOM UNIVERSITY OF SURINAME THE SURINAME FOREST SERVICE (LBB) NATURE CONSERVATION DIVISION (NB) FOUNDATION FOR FOREST MANAGEMENT AND PRODUCTION CONTROL (SBB) SURINAME CONSERVATION FOUNDATION THE HARBERS FAMILY FOUNDATION The RAP Bulletin of Biological Assessment is published by: Conservation International 2011 Crystal Drive, Suite 500 Arlington, VA USA 22202 Tel : +1 703-341-2400 www.conservation.org Cover photos: The RAP team surveyed the Grensgebergte Mountains and Upper Palumeu Watershed, as well as the Middle Palumeu River and Kasikasima Mountains visible here. Freshwater resources originating here are vital for all of Suriname. (T. Larsen) Glass frogs (Hyalinobatrachium cf. taylori) lay their
    [Show full text]
  • On the Ecology of Cromeria Occidentalis (Teleostei: Gonorynchiformes)
    173 Ichthyol. Explor. Freshwaters, Vol. 17, No. 2, pp. 173-180, 5 fi gs., June 2006 © 2006 by Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil, München, Germany – ISSN 0936-9902 On the ecology of Cromeria occidentalis (Teleostei: Gonorynchiformes) Timo Moritz*, Ralf Britz** and K. Eduard Linsenmair* Cromeria occidentalis, a miniaturized gonorynchiform of up to 35 mm SL, occurs in the big river systems of West Africa: Niger, Benoué and Volta. It is a bottom dwelling fi sh that we collected on various substrates. We performed choice experiments in aquaria to test the substrate preference of this species. Although sand was preferred over coarse gravel, no substrate was chosen exclusively; surprisingly the naked glass bottom of the tank was preferred over all other substrates. Burrowing into the substrate is a very rare behaviour, at least under aquarium condi- tions. Cromeria occidentalis feeds on small particles, which are ingested by quick movements of the protractile jaws, or occasionally scraped from the substrate using keratinous unculi on the lips. Food particles are then concen- trated in the epibranchial organ situated between the fourth and fi fth gill arches. The intestinal tract of wild-caught specimens is about 1.5 times the body length and contained fi ne organic food particles that could not be identifi ed more specifi cally. Introduction Material and methods In the gonorynchiform genus Cromeria (Kneriidae) Fish sample data from 12 months of fi eld work two species are currently recognized: C. nilotica in West Africa between October 2003 and May from the Upper Nile basin and C. occidentalis from 2005 were used to characterize the natural envi- larger river basins of West Africa west of the Chad ronment, where C.
    [Show full text]
  • Downloaded from NCBI Genbank (Benson Et Al
    THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO EVOLUTION IN FRESH WATERS DURING THE GREAT AMERICAN INTERCHANGE A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF THE DIVISION OF THE BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND THE PRITZKER SCHOOL OF MEDICINE IN CANDIDACY FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY COMMITTEE ON EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY BY TIMOTHY SOSA CHICAGO, ILLINOIS DECEMBER 2017 Table of Contents List of Tables . iii List of Figures . iv Acknowledgments . vi Chapter 1: Introduction . 1 Chapter 2: Broadly sampled phylogeny of Characiformes reveals repeated colonization of North America and paraphyly of Characiformes sensu stricto . 8 Chapter 3: No evidence for filtering of eco-morphology in characiform lineages during the Great American Interchange . 17 Chapter 4: Both elevation and species identity strongly predict body shape in Astyanax tetras . 27 Chapter 5: Diet may mediate potential range expansions of Neotropical fishes under climate change . 39 Chapter 6: Discussion . 52 References . 57 Appendix: List of specimens newly sequenced for this study . 67 ii List of Tables 1.1 Recognized families in the order Characiformes . 5 2.1 Fossil occurrences used for time-calibration . 11 4.1 Distances in morphospace among tetra populations . 32 5.1 Variables determining the range limits of Astyanax . 45 5.2 Variables determining the range limits of Brycon . 47 5.3 Variables determining the range limits of Roeboides . 49 iii List of Figures 1.1 Hypothetical relationships among ostariophysan groups . 4 2.1 Phylogeny of Characiformes as inferred from myh6 locus . 13 3.1 Landmark configuration for geometric morphometrics . 19 3.2 Morphospace occupation in North and South American characins . 21 3.3 Deformation grids showing axes of shape variation among characins .
    [Show full text]
  • The Covert World of Fish Biofluorescence: a Phylogenetically Widespread and Phenotypically Variable Phenomenon
    City University of New York (CUNY) CUNY Academic Works Publications and Research Baruch College 2014 The Covert World of Fish Biofluorescence: A Phylogenetically Widespread and Phenotypically Variable Phenomenon John S. Sparks American Museum of Natural History Robert C. Schelly American Museum of Natural History W. Leo Smith University of Kansas Matthew P. Davis University of Kansas Dan Tchernov University of Haifa See next page for additional authors How does access to this work benefit ou?y Let us know! More information about this work at: https://academicworks.cuny.edu/bb_pubs/29 Discover additional works at: https://academicworks.cuny.edu This work is made publicly available by the City University of New York (CUNY). Contact: [email protected] Authors John S. Sparks, Robert C. Schelly, W. Leo Smith, Matthew P. Davis, Dan Tchernov, Vincent A. Pieribone, and David F. Gruber This article is available at CUNY Academic Works: https://academicworks.cuny.edu/bb_pubs/29 The Covert World of Fish Biofluorescence: A Phylogenetically Widespread and Phenotypically Variable Phenomenon John S. Sparks1,2*., Robert C. Schelly1,2, W. Leo Smith3, Matthew P. Davis3, Dan Tchernov4, Vincent A. Pieribone1,5, David F. Gruber2,6*. 1 Department of Ichthyology, American Museum of Natural History, Division of Vertebrate Zoology, New York, New York United States of America, 2 Sackler Institute for Comparative Genomics, American Museum of Natural History, New York, New York, United States of America, 3 Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, United States of America, 4 Marine Biology Department, The Leon H. Charney School of Marine Sciences, University of Haifa, Mount Carmel, Haifa, Israel, 5 Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The John B.
    [Show full text]
  • Redalyc.Checklist of the Freshwater Fishes of Colombia
    Biota Colombiana ISSN: 0124-5376 [email protected] Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos "Alexander von Humboldt" Colombia Maldonado-Ocampo, Javier A.; Vari, Richard P.; Saulo Usma, José Checklist of the Freshwater Fishes of Colombia Biota Colombiana, vol. 9, núm. 2, 2008, pp. 143-237 Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos "Alexander von Humboldt" Bogotá, Colombia Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=49120960001 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative Biota Colombiana 9 (2) 143 - 237, 2008 Checklist of the Freshwater Fishes of Colombia Javier A. Maldonado-Ocampo1; Richard P. Vari2; José Saulo Usma3 1 Investigador Asociado, curador encargado colección de peces de agua dulce, Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt. Claustro de San Agustín, Villa de Leyva, Boyacá, Colombia. Dirección actual: Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Museu Nacional, Departamento de Vertebrados, Quinta da Boa Vista, 20940- 040 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil. [email protected] 2 Division of Fishes, Department of Vertebrate Zoology, MRC--159, National Museum of Natural History, PO Box 37012, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. 20013—7012. [email protected] 3 Coordinador Programa Ecosistemas de Agua Dulce WWF Colombia. Calle 61 No 3 A 26, Bogotá D.C., Colombia. [email protected] Abstract Data derived from the literature supplemented by examination of specimens in collections show that 1435 species of native fishes live in the freshwaters of Colombia.
    [Show full text]
  • A Survey of Fish Species Diversity and Abundance in Dogon Ruwa Water Body of Kamuku National Park, Birnin Gwari, Kaduna State, Nigeria
    A SURVEY OF FISH SPECIES DIVERSITY AND ABUNDANCE IN DOGON RUWA WATER BODY OF KAMUKU NATIONAL PARK, BIRNIN GWARI, KADUNA STATE, NIGERIA BY STEPHEN DADA OYEWO DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES, FACULTY OF SCIENCE, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA NIGERIA DECEMBER, 2015 A SURVEY OF FISH SPECIES DIVERSITY AND ABUNDANCE IN DOGON RUWA WATER BODY OF KAMUKU NATIONAL PARK, BIRNIN GWARI, KADUNA STATE, NIGERIA BY Stephen Dada OYEWO B. AQUACULTURE AND FISHERIES MANAGEMENT, UNAAB 2000 (MSC/SCIE/1439/2011-2012) A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED TO THE SCHOOL OF POSTGRADUATE STUDIES, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA, IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF MASTER OF SCIENCE (M.SC.) DEGREE IN FISHERIES DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES, FACULTY OF SCIENCE, AHMADU BELLO UNIVERSITY, ZARIA NIGERIA DECEMBER, 2015 iii DEDICATION This work is dedicated to my God-sent helper- Alhaji Lamidi Monshur “Baba-awon- baba” for his immeasurable contributions to the success of this work. iv DECLARATION I declare that the work in this dissertation entitled “A Survey of Fish Species Diversity and Abundance in Dogon Ruwa Water Body of Kamuku National Park, Birnin Gwari, Kaduna state, Nigeria” has been performed by me in the Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria. The information derived from literature has been duly acknowledged in the text and a list of references provided. No part of this project thesis was previously presented for another degree at this or any other institution. Stephen Dada OYEWO ………………………… ……………... Signature Date v CERTIFICATION This dissertation entitled “A Survey of fish species Diversity and Abundance in Dogon ruwa water body of Kamuku National Park, Birnin Gwari, Kaduna State, Nigeria” by Stephen Dada OYEWO, meets the regulations governing the award of the Degree of Master of Sciences of Ahmadu Bello University, and is approved for its contribution to knowledge and literary presentation.
    [Show full text]
  • Teleostei: Gonorynchiformes)
    Mesozoic Fishes 5 – Global Diversity and Evolution, G. Arratia, H.-P. Schultze & M. V. H. Wilson (eds.): pp. 325-362, 21 figs., 2 tabs., 2 apps. © 2013 by Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil, München, Germany – ISBN 978-3-89937-159-8 The fi rst fossil shellear and its implications for the evolution and divergence of the Kneriidae (Teleostei: Gonorynchiformes) Matthew P. DAVIS, Gloria ARRATIA and Thomas M. KAISER Abstract A new genus and species of shellear (Gonorynchiformes: Kneriidae), †Mahengichthys singidaensis, is described from the Eocene Mahenge deposits in Tanzania, Africa. This work represents the first record of a fossil kneriid gonorynchiform fish. Previously, all gonorynchiform fossils have been attributed to either the families Chanidae or Gonorynchidae, with some taxa incertae sedis. We explore the phylogenetic position of †Mahengichthys singidaensis within the gonorynchiforms, utilizing parsimony and maximum likelihood methodologies that incorporate both morphological and molecular data. Our results indicate that †Mahengichthys singidaensis is a kneriid gonorynchiform within the tribe Kneriini, which includes the extant genera Kneria and Parakneria. This phylogenetic work provides a framework for estimating the divergence times of the Kneriidae for the first time using Bayesian methodology with calibrations that include information regarding extinct kneriids. We infer that the exclusively freshwater family Kneriidae most likely diverged and diversified during the Cretaceous to Paleogene in Sub-Saharan Africa, following the continent’s separation from South America. Introduction The order Gonorynchiformes includes seven extant and approximately seventeen extinct genera of fishes that exhibit incredible morphological diversity, with the clade dating back to the Early Cretaceous (FARA et al. 2010, POYATO-ARIZA et al.
    [Show full text]
  • The Tree of Life and a New Classification of Bony Fishes
    The Tree of Life and a New Classification of Bony Fishes April 18, 2013 · Tree of Life Ricardo Betancur-R.1, Richard E. Broughton2, Edward O. Wiley3, Kent Carpenter4, J. Andrés López5, Chenhong Li 6, Nancy I. Holcroft7, Dahiana Arcila1, Millicent Sanciangco4, James C Cureton II2, Feifei Zhang2, Thaddaeus Buser, Matthew A. Campbell5, Jesus A Ballesteros1, Adela Roa-Varon8, Stuart Willis9, W. Calvin Borden10, Thaine Rowley11, Paulette C. Reneau12, Daniel J. Hough2, Guoqing Lu13, Terry Grande10, Gloria Arratia3, Guillermo Ortí1 1 The George Washington University, 2 University of Oklahoma, 3 University of Kansas, 4 Old Dominion University, 5 University of Alaska Fairbanks, 6 Shanghai Ocean University, 7 Johnson County Community College, 8 George Washington University, 9 University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 10 Loyola University Chicago, 11 University of Nebraska- Omaha, 12 Florida A&M University, 13 University of Nebraska at Omaha Betancur-R. R, Broughton RE, Wiley EO, Carpenter K, López JA, Li C, Holcroft NI, Arcila D, Sanciangco M, Cureton II JC, Zhang F, Buser T, Campbell MA, Ballesteros JA, Roa-Varon A, Willis S, Borden WC, Rowley T, Reneau PC, Hough DJ, Lu G, Grande T, Arratia G, Ortí G. The Tree of Life and a New Classification of Bony Fishes. PLOS Currents Tree of Life. 2013 Apr 18 [last modified: 2013 Apr 23]. Edition 1. doi: 10.1371/currents.tol.53ba26640df0ccaee75bb165c8c26288. Abstract The tree of life of fishes is in a state of flux because we still lack a comprehensive phylogeny that includes all major groups. The situation is most critical for a large clade of spiny-finned fishes, traditionally referred to as percomorphs, whose uncertain relationships have plagued ichthyologists for over a century.
    [Show full text]
  • Ontogeny and Homology of the Neural Complex and the Claustrum of Otophysan Ostariophysi (Actinopterygii: Teleostei) D I S S
    Ontogeny and homology of the neural complex and the claustrum of otophysan Ostariophysi (Actinopterygii: Teleostei) der Fakultät für Biologie der Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen zur Erlangung des Grades eines Doktors der Naturwissenschaften von Matthias Hoffmann aus Ravensburg vorgelegte D i s s e r t a t i o n 2006 Tag der mündlichen Prüfung: 08.06. 2006 Dekan: Prof. Dr. F. Schöffl 1. Berichterstatter: Prof. Dr. W. Maier 2. Berichterstatter: Dr. G. D. Johnson Contents 1) ABSTRACT.....................................................................................1 2) INTRODUCTION .............................................................................2 a) Diversity of Ostariophysi...............................................................2 b) The phylogenetic relationships of Ostariophysi............................3 c) Historical review of literature on the Weberian Apparatus............6 d) Towards a better understanding of the evolution and develop- ment of the Weberian apparatus ................................................10 3) MATERIALS AND METHODS ......................................................12 a) Specimens..................................................................................13 b) Terminology................................................................................15 c) Abbreviations used in figures: ....................................................16 4) RESULTS ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE NEURAL COPMPLEX ..................................................................................18
    [Show full text]
  • The Intermuscular Bones and Ligaments of Teleostean Fishes *
    * The Intermuscular Bones and Ligaments of Teleostean Fishes COLIN PATTERSON and G. DAVID JOHNSON m I I SMITHSONIAN CONTRIBUTIONS TO ZOOLOGY • NUMBER 559 SERIES PUBLICATIONS OF THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION Emphasis upon publication as a means of "diffusing knowledge" was expressed by the first Secretary of the Smithsonian. In his formal plan for the institution, Joseph Henry outlined a program that included the following statement: "It is proposed to publish a series of reports, giving an account of the new discoveries in science, and of the changes made from year to year in all branches of knowledge." This theme of basic research has been adhered to through the years by thousands of titles issued in series publications under the Smithsonian imprint, commencing with Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge in 1848 and continuing with the following active series: Smithsonian Contributions to Anthropology Smithsonian Contributions to Botany Smithsonian Contributions to the Earth Sciences Smithsonian Contributions to the Marine Sciences Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology Smithsonian Folklife Studies Smithsonian Studies in Air and Space Smithsonian Studies in History and Technology In these series, the Institution publishes small papers and full-scale monographs that report the research and collections of its various museums and bureaux or of professional colleagues in the world of science and scholarship. The publications are distributed by mailing lists to libraries, universities, and similar institutions throughout the world. Papers or monographs submitted for series publication are received by the Smithsonian Institution Press, subject to its own review for format and style, only through departments of the various Smithsonian museums or bureaux, where the manuscripts are given substantive review.
    [Show full text]
  • Origin and Phylogenetic Interrelationships of Teleosts Honoring Gloria Arratia
    Origin and Phylogenetic Interrelationships of Teleosts Honoring Gloria Arratia Joseph S. Nelson, Hans-Peter Schultze & Mark V. H. Wilson (editors) TELEOSTEOMORPHA TELEOSTEI TELEOCEPHALA s. str. Leptolepis Pholidophorus † Lepisosteus Amia †? †? † †Varasichthyidae †Ichthyodectiformes Elopidae More advanced teleosts crown- group apomorphy-based group stem-based group Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil • München Contents Preface ................................................................................................................................................................ 7 Acknowledgments ........................................................................................................................................... 9 Gloria Arratia’s contribution to our understanding of lower teleostean phylogeny and classifi cation – Joseph S. Nelson ....................................................................................... 11 The case for pycnodont fi shes as the fossil sister-group of teleosts – J. Ralph Nursall ...................... 37 Phylogeny of teleosts based on mitochondrial genome sequences – Richard E. Broughton ............. 61 Occipito-vertebral fusion in actinopterygians: conjecture, myth and reality. Part 1: Non-teleosts – Ralf Britz and G. David Johnson ................................................................................................................... 77 Occipito-vertebral fusion in actinopterygians: conjecture, myth and reality. Part 2: Teleosts – G. David Johnson and Ralf Britz ..................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]